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6372978 |
The present invention is a self-contained, solar powered heating and cooling system for a building. The collector has an insulated heating chamber, and a light transmissive cover and a thermostatically controlled vent. The chamber contai...
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6365822 |
A power system ( 10 ) is provided. System ( 10 ) generally comprises at least one generator module ( 100, 100 ′), and a heat source ( 200 ) encircling at least a portion of the generator module ( 100, 100 ′). Each generator module ( ...
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6329587 |
A power generator includes a current-generating cell having a layer of a fission source of heavy ions and alpha particles, and two semiconductor structures, one on each side of the layer of the fission source. The layer of the fission so...
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6222112 |
A method and apparatus for controlling the temperature of a thermionic reactor over a wide range of operating power, including a thermionic reactor having a plurality of integral cesium reservoirs, a honeycomb material disposed about the...
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6118204 |
The present invention is a power cell for directly converting ionizing radiation into electrical energy. The invented isotopic electric converter provides an electrical power source that includes an electronegative material layered in a ...
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5859484 |
A radioisotope-powered semiconductor battery comprises a substrate of a crystalline semiconductor material, the material having at least one degree of confinement, and a radioactive power source comprising at least one radioactive elemen...
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5825839 |
A method and apparatus for converting radioactive energy into electrical energy is provided and includes a first radioisotope (24) emitting alpha particles and a second radioisotope (28) emitting beta particles. A first plate (16) is pos...
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5712886 |
The detection device includes at least one thermocouple (10) arranged aligned with the bottom head of the vessel of the nuclear reactor, having a first branch (9) made of a first metallic material and at least one second branch (11) made...
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5610366 |
Transition metals (T) of Group VIII (Co, Rh and Ir) have been prepared as semiconductor alloys with Sb having the general formula TSb 3 . The skutterudite-type crystal lattice structure of these semiconductor alloys and their enhanced th...
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5492570 |
The apparatus is a combined Alkali Metal Thermal to Electric Converter (AMTEC) and a thermionic energy converter which are mated by the use of a common heat transfer device which can be a heat pipe, pumped fluid or a simple heat conducti...
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5441575 |
An alkali metal thermoelectric converter (AMTEC) having a plurality of cells structurally connected in series to form a septum dividing a plenum into two chambers, and electrically connected in series, is provided with porous metal anode...
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5440187 |
An electric battery comprises: a nuclear source of relatively high energy radiation fluence; a semiconductor junction characterized by a curve for this fluence relating minority carrier diffusion length and a damage constant and; an encl...
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5266414 |
An impregnated thermionic cathode includes a porous matrix of sintered tungsten-alloy particles containing less than six percent iridium and/or other platinum-group metal. The pores of the matrix are impregnated with a temporary process ...
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5260621 |
An electric battery comprises a semiconductor junction incorporating an inorganic crystalline compound of Group III and Group V elements of the Periodic Table characterized by a predetermined annealing temperature for defects therein; a ...
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5246505 |
By using the helium generated by the alpha emissions of a thermoelectric generator during space travel for cooling, the thermal degradation of the thermoelectric generator can be slowed. Slowing degradation allows missions to be longer w...
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5228922 |
A high voltage multitube alkali metal thermal electric convertor having a plurality of closely packed tubular cells disposed in a tube sheet in a vessel and electrically connected in series, the tube sheet dividing the vessel into a high...
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5122332 |
A radiation gradient is utilized to transform harmful radiant energy into safer, more useful forms, thus collecting, controlling and consuming the energies of radiant emissions and protecting the environment and living organisms from the...
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5111099 |
There is provided an apparatus and method for converting radioactive energy into electrical energy, with the apparatus including an outer radioactive protective shell and a radioactive fuel source located within that shell. In a preferre...
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5089054 |
A flat plate alkali metal thermoelectric converter module having a plurality of generally flat plate cells grouped in stacks that are electrically connected in series within the stack, the cells being disposed to minimize the heat energy...
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5079469 |
A piezonuclear battery generates output power arising from the piezoelectric voltage produced from radioactive decay particles interacting with a piezoelectric medium. Radioactive particle energy may directly create an acoustic wave in t...
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5066337 |
A thermal power transfer system using a phase change liquid gas fluid in a closed loop configuration has a heat exchanger member connected to a gas conduit for inputting thermal energy into the fluid. The pressure in the gas conduit is h...
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5057160 |
A microporous plug is provided which serves to seal a vessel so as to prevent the bulk flow of gases through an outlet. The pores of said microporous plug are sized so as to permit the transport of gases to and from the vessel interior b...
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5039351 |
An alkali metal thermoelectric conversion device formed from a porous tube or plate coated with a thin film of beta-alumina, the porous tube or plate is sintered metal or metal alloy having a coefficient of thermal expansion which approa...
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5021098 |
It is useful to be able to place a thermocouple in a plug in a spacecraft heat shield without disturbing the heat flow to the thermocouple. The thermocouple wire is ceramic coated before placement in the plug and a thin metal disc is pla...
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4835433 |
A nuclear battery in which the energy imparted to radioactive decay products during the spontaneous disintegrations of radioactive material is utilized to sustain and amplify the oscillations in a high-Q LC tank circuit is provided. The ...
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4808240 |
The present invention pertains to a stacked AMTEC module. The invention includes a tubular member which has an interior. The member is comprised of a ion conductor that substantially conducts ions relative to electrons, preferably a beta...
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4802929 |
The present invention provides a thermoelectric converter including a series of thermoelectric cells bonded to a hot surface and to a waste heat conductor. The heat conductor is in turn bonded to cooling pipes which have corrugations to ...
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4755350 |
A thermionic energy conversion system assembly is described which comprises a fissionable nuclear fuel which surrounds a cylindrical arrangement of thermionic emitter electrodes which surround corresponding collector electrodes, which in...
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4663115 |
An apparatus for protecting personnel and the environment from harmful emissions of radiation from a source thereof includes a plurality of shielding parts so located as to be in the path of the radioactive emissions and to absorb them (...
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4472347 |
There is described a container for the long time storage of radioactive materials, especially spent fuel elements, in suitable geological formations which guarantees an intact barrier for a long period of time even in the event of intrus...
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4338560 |
A heat-to-electricity converter, particularly adaptable for use by high-atude platforms such as aerostats and space stations, for changing heat energy of radiation from the earth to electric power during day and/or night. The converter i...
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4298768 |
An electron current generator is disclosed which includes a non-electrical heat source, a heat pipe having its first end in thermal relationship with the heat source, and a second end projecting upwardly therefrom and constituting a ther...
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4284838 |
The invention comprises the conversion of thermal power into electrical energy. Two dissimilar metals, such as aluminum and brass, are separated by a heat conductive and electrical conductive material. Water makes a good separator. When ...
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4242147 |
A device for converting waste nuclear energy to electricity comprising a shielded casing housing, a plurality of holders of radioactive materials surrounded by tubes of phosphorescent material to convert the radiation to electricity in a...
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4204882 |
Thermoelectric generator assembly accommodating differential thermal expansion between thermoelectric elements by means of a cylindrical split follower forming a slot and having internal spring loaded wedges that permit the split followe...
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4163689 |
A nuclear fuel cell for use in a thermionic nuclear reactor in which a small conduit extends from the outside surface of the emitter to the center of the fuel mass of the emitter body to permit escape of volatile and gaseous fission prod...
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4162369 |
In a thermoelectric battery the heat source is suspended on the end of a thermoelectric unit, the other end of which is attached via a heat conducting mass to the casing. A resilient mounting permits resilient rocking of the thermoelectr...
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4111718 |
Thermocouples of the present invention provide stability and performance reliability in systems involving high temperatures and vacuums by employing a bimetallic thermocouple sensor wherein each metal of the sensor is selected from a gro...
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4073665 |
A microwatt thermoelectric generator suitable for implanting in the body. The disclosed generator utilizes a nuclear energy source. Provision is made for temporary electrical connection to the generator for testing purposes, and for ensu...
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4045247 |
Thermocouples of the present invention provide stability and performance reliability in systems involving high temperatures and vacuums by employing a bimetallic thermocouple sensor wherein each metal of the sensor is selected from a gro...
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4036665 |
Athermopile for a microwatt thermoelectric generator suitable for implanting in the body. The thermopile comprises a series of semiconductive thermoelectric elements such as P- and N-type bismuth telluride deposited as a thin film on a s...
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4032363 |
An electrical power generating array of a semiconductor, laminar structured thermopile for producing low values of electrical power at high values of direct output voltage and a method for its manufacture including the step of lapping op...
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4026726 |
In a nuclear battery utilizing the Seebeck Effect to produce an electric voltage, a shock support system is disclosed wherein thermally conductive spring means and alignment caps support a thermoelectric converter between a heat sink and...
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4024420 |
A deep diode atomic battery is made from a bulk semiconductor crystal containing three-dimensional arrays of columnar and lamellar P-N junctions. The battery is powered by gamma rays and x-ray emission from a radioactive source embedded ...
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4020368 |
An electric power generator of the type employing a nuclear heat source or the like and a thermoelectric converter is described wherein a transparent thermal insulating medium is provided inside an encapsulating enclosure to thermally in...
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4018625 |
A thermo-electric assembly comprises a plurality of metal layers, of alternately different metals, with dielectric layers between them, the layers being produced by deposition from the vapor-phase in a vacuum. Each dielectric layer separ...
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4002497 |
A thermoelectric battery comprises a thermoelectric module in the form of a matrix of rods of alternately p- and n-type semi-conductor material connected together in the manner of a thermopile. The thermoelectric module is suspended in a...
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3989547 |
An electrical generator having an Isotopic Heat Capsule including radioactive fuel rod 21 as a primary heat source and Thermoelectric Modules 41 and 43 as converters. The Biological Shield for the Capsule is suspended from Spiders at eac...
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3989546 |
A cylindrical casing has a central shielded capsule of radioisotope fuel. A plurality of thermonuclear modules are axially arranged with their hot junctions resiliently pressed toward the shield and with their cold junctions adjacent a t...
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3984258 |
A microwatt thermoelectric generator suitable for implanting in the body. The disclosed generator utilizes a nuclear energy source. Provision is made for temporary electrical connection to the generator for testing purposes, and for ensu...
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