To provide an air-cooled type refractory wall for effectively preventing the production and attachment of clinker on a furnace wall inner face of a refuse incinerator, stably burning the refuse of high calorie at a high temperature at all times, and effectively coping with the countermeasures against dioxin.

This air-cooled type refractory wall is configurated by an airtight steel plate case 19 of a rectangular transverse section, having a cooling air inlet 14 and a cooling air outlet 15, an anchor 20 penetrated through an inner steel plate 1 of the steel plate case 19 to be fixed to an inner part of the case 19 at its basic end part, and projected to an outer part of the inner steel plate 1 at its head part, a monolithic refractory 21 laminated and fixed on an outer face of the inner steel plate 1 with an even thickness in a state of wrapping the anchor 20, and an outer casing 10 mounted on an outer face side of an outer steel plate 7 of the steel plate case 19 through a refractory 11, and the monolithic refractory 21 is cooled by the cooling air A supplied from the cooling air inlet 14 through the inner steel plate 1 and the anchor 20.