To provide an emulsion fuel and a composition for emulsion fuels which are capable of achieving highly efficient combustion in a stable combustion state and which require no special mixing apparatus.

The composition for emulsion fuels contains 65 pts.wt. of alkaline water, 8-15 pts.wt. of one or plural compounds selected from lower alcohols and ethylene glycol, and 3-20 pts.wt. of aliphatic ketones having carbon atoms of 5 or less, and has a pH of 9.5-11.5; and the emulsion fuel comprises a mixture of 100 pts.wt. of a petroleum-based fuel and 5-25 pts.wt. of the above composition for emulsion fuels.