To provide an inexpensive and high-performance desulfurization agent which is usable for the desulfurization of liquid fuel at 80C and also usable as the desulfurization agent for rough removal carried out in the desulfurization to very low sulfur level such as desulfurization for liquid fuel for a fuel cell.

The desulfurization agent is used for desulfurizing the liquid fuel at 80C, consists essentially of an inorganic oxide, and has 170 mol ammonia adsorption volume per one gram of the desulfurization agent at 100C. The desulfurization method of the liquid fuel uses the desulfurization agent.