To supply air to each room from at least a ceiling face in response to operation of a forced exhausting means such as a range hood, or a wind pressure of introduced outside air without using an air supply and exhaust fan or a duct by using a ceiling space of a house as an air supply chamber or an air duct in regard to an air supply and exhaust structure of a house.

A whole area ceiling space S comprising one closed air composition is formed by communicating ceiling spaces of each room, and an air supply box 4 which will be a starting point of outside air introduction is arranged in a ceiling of a suitable room L. An outside air introduction opening is formed in one face of the air supply box 4, a duct 3 is interposed in a space relative to an outside air inlet 2 formed in an outer wall of a ceiling, and a path is naturally opened to the outside. A first air inlet 41 and a second air inlet 42 are formed in two other adjacent faces of the air supply box 4, the first air inlet 41 is opened to a ceiling of an opposing room side, the second air inlet 42 is formed facing the outside air introduction opening to be faced toward the whole area ceiling space S, and a ceiling air inlet 20 is respectively formed in a kitchen 5 excluding sanitary, and other rooms.