To provide a fire extinguishing system which reliably controls a fire occurring in a volume such as an inside of a machine tool.

The fire extinguishing system includes an exhaust device 16 set in a working chamber 11 of the machine tools, a fire detecting device 21 set inside the working chamber 11, a fire extinguishing device 22 set inside the working chamber 11 for producing aerosol, and a control device 20 which makes the exhaust device 16 stop discharging air or mists in accordance with the detection of the fire breaking out inside the working chamber 11 by the fire detecting device 21 and gives an activating command to the fire extinguishing device 22. The control device 20 gives the activating command to the fire extinguishing device 22 after making the exhaust device 16 stop discharging air or mists in accordance with the detection of the fire breaking out inside the working chamber 11 by the fire detecting device 21, or makes the exhaust device 16 stop discharging air or mists in accordance with the detection of the fire breaking out inside the working chamber 11 by the fire detecting device 21 and simultaneously gives the activating command to the fire extinguishing device 22.