To provide a grease-filled roller bearing which effectively prevents the peeling resulting from hydrogen brittleness on a rolling element when used at high-temperature and high-speed rotation.

The rolling bearing is provided with an inner ring 32 and an outer ring 33, and a plurality of rolling elements 34 disposed between the rolling surfaces of the inner and outer rings, and is filled with grease 37 around the rolling element 34. A phosphoric acid metal salt coating is formed in at least one surface selected from the rolling element surface 34a, the inner ring outside diameter surface 32a and an outer ring inside surface 33a. The grease is formed by compounding an additive to base grease consisting of a base oil and thickener. The additive contains at least one aluminum-based additive selected from aluminum powder and aluminum compound. The compound ratio of the aluminum additive is 0.05 to 10 parts by weight for base grease 100 parts by weight.