To provide a nest box preventing honeybees from e.g. disease onset and from dying by taking mite, reducing the temperature variations thereinside to the utmost, thus enabling honeybees themselves to establish an ambience of the range controllable freely by honeybees themselves.

The nest box for honeybees is such that: there are provided gateways at two positions, i.e. in the front face and the rear side; when pollination is conducted inside the house, the nest box is set as follows: half of the nest box (outer part thereof) into the house, while the balance half is exposed to the outside air (i.e. representing the outer side thereof). The structure of the nest box is as follows: honeybees can freely fly into/out of the house; their own health control can be done by honeybees themselves; and also, as for the temperature control inside the nest box, the honeybees themselves can conduct such activities as to take new air via the gateway on the outside air side into the nest box to lower its inside temperature, while a bookcase can be used as the nest box; and such a nest box is superimposed in two, three tiers to assemble the units of the nest box in conformity with the ambience in the house, thus enabling an ambience to be created so as to be easiest for the honeybees to conduct activities.