To provide an illuminating device capable of changing illuminating direction without complicating and enlarging the device configuration, and an imaging system.

An illuminating device 10 includes a light source 11, and a focus variable lens part 12 capable of changing the direction of the optical axis of incident light while the position of a lens is fixed. Light emitted from the light source 11 is made incident to an optical lens part 13 by changing the direction of the optical axis of the light by the focus variable lens part 12.