To improve a recovery rate of positively charged toner.

An image forming apparatus includes a toner image carrier 11 that carries a toner image, a transfer unit 17 that transfers the toner image to a medium 21, a pre-transfer roller 26 that comes into contact with the toner image carrier on the upstream side of the transfer unit, and a pre-transfer roller voltage source 33 that applies a constant DC voltage to the pre-transfer roller. The pre-transfer roller recovers a toner attached to a non-toner image part of the toner image carrier.