To provide an incubator having a simple constitution, for performing the culture of a sample.

This incubator is equipped with a housing means 12, 13 for capable of housing a culturing container 20, a conveying means 14 for supporting/conveying the culturing container and also putting-in and taking-out the culturing container toward the housing means, and an observing means 15 for observing the sample in the culturing container through an observation optical system in a state of supporting the culturing container by the conveying means. The conveying means 14 sets the position of each of the parts of the sample on the optical axis of the observation optical system by moving the culturing container on observing the sample by the observing means.

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