To provide a machine tool facilitating the attaching/detaching works of a work piece and improving the workability.

This machine tool 1 is provided with a reciprocating table 3 carrying a tool rest 4 on a fixed bed 2 on the side proximal to an operator, and a head stock 5 on the fixed bed 2 on the side distal from the operator, and the reciprocating table 3 and the tool rest 4 are relatively moved so as to perform a prescribed cutting work to the workpiece installed on the head stock 5. The head stock 5 is fixed to a head stock base 10 and the head stock base 10 is movably constituted so that the head stock 5 moves between a work piece machining position A for machining the work piece on the side distal from the operator and a work piece attaching/detaching position B for attaching/detaching the work piece on the side proximal to operator.