To improve user-friendliness by facilitating the setting of an observation condition such as an illumination condition.

The enlarging observation device is equipped with an illumination part for illuminating an observation object, a simple observation condition setting means for setting a plurality of different illumination conditions in which at least any of direction, brightness and angle of illumination to illuminate the observation object by the illumination part is changed, a simple observation picture display means for displaying a plurality of simple observation pictures acquired in a simple manner under each condition of a plurality of illumination conditions set by the simple observation condition setting means on the screen of a display means as a table, a selection means for selecting one desired simple observation picture out of a plurality of simple observation pictures displayed on the simple observation picture display means, an observation condition setting means capable of setting the illumination condition further if necessary based on the illumination condition set for the simple observation picture selected by the selection means, and an observation picture display means for displaying the observation picture acquired by an imaging means based on the illumination condition set by the observation condition setting means.

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