PURPOSE: To form an extremely small groove and prevent a decrease in rubbing efficiency by rubbing an oriented film in which liquid crystal molecules are arrayed in parallel to surfaces of an electrode substrate.

CONSTITUTION: The electrode substrate 1 is placed on a magnet 4 so that flanks where a pattern electrode 2 and the oriented film 3 are not formed about on each other. The surface of the film 3 is coated with particulates of abrasive grain mixed magnetic liquid 5. The magnet 4 moves as shown by an arrow. The magnetic liquid 5 is attracted by the magnet 4 with physical magnetic force and moves while rubbed against the surface of the film 3 according to the movement of the magnet 4. In this case, the abrasive grain as a nonmagnetic body mixed with the magnetic liquid is not applied with any external force for the movement specially, so it extruded onto the surface of the magnetic liquid and rubbed against the surface of the film 3.