To provide a bamboo splitting apparatus constituted so as not only to sharply reduce the labor of bamboo splitting labor but also to sharply enhance the efficiency of concrete splitting work, and a bamboo splitting method using it.

The bamboo splitting apparatus 10 is equipped with a vertical receiving means (22) for vertically receiving a charged bamboo 1, a splitting mechanism for pushing down the vertically received bamboo 1 from the upper surface bamboo 1 to split the bamboo 1 into a plurality of pieces by a splitting blade 152 provided at a lower part and axially aligning means (25 and 58) for axially aligning the bamboo 1 with the splitting axial line 500 due to the splitting blade before the charged bamboo is pushed down. This bamboo splitting apparatus can be formed into a simple constitution which performs axial alignment itself using the natural falling of the bamboo by vertically receiving the bamboo after charging and performing axial alignment in a vertical receiving state and the transfer between processes after splitting becomes smooth. Further, the control, feed or the like of bamboo pieces after splitting becomes simple and the efficiency of work is sharply enhanced as a whole.