To provide a method and device for disposing of an asbestos-containing building material that can prevent scattering of asbestos without fail.

The asbestos-containing building material A loaded in a casing 11 is crushed with a crushing roller 12 while its surface is covered with a dustproof foam layer B'. The crushed pieces of the asbestos-containing building material A produced in the crushing step are then loaded one after another in a kiln 4 and melted at an elevated temperature to detoxify. The asbestos-containing building material can be thus disposed of while preventing scattering of asbestos without fail.