To provide a method for producing a microstructural material which comprises microstructures such as nanotubes or nanorods and in which aggregation is highly suppressed, or a microstructural material in which a metal, a high-molecular organic material or the like is supported on such microstructures.

The method for producing the microstructural material includes: a first step of bringing a first solution containing a vaporizable material and a good solvent for the vaporizable material into contact with microstructures; a second step of adding a second solution containing a poor solvent for the vaporizable material to the first solution; a third step of removing the good solvent and the poor solvent to obtain a complex containing the microstructures and the vaporizable material; and a fourth step of vaporizing the vaporizable material from the complex. The first solution and/or the second solution may further contain one or more selected from a metal complex, a metal salt, metal nanoparticles, a high-molecular organic material and a low-molecular organic material.