To increase production with efficient and continuous operation without lowering quality in a multi-cell type vacuum heat treating apparatus.

This multi-cell type vacuum heat treating apparatus 1 is provided with a plurality of treatment cells 4, 6, 10 arranged along the outer periphery of an airtight chamber 2. One of the treatment cells is formed as a carry-in treatment cell 4 having both a vacuum purge function for carrying in a treated object 28, and a heating function for preheating the treated object 28, and one of the other cells is formed as a soaking treatment cell 10 for soaking the treated object 28 after heat treatment. A quenching treatment cell 22 for carrying in the soaked treated object 28 is disposed outside the soaking treatment cell 10, and a carry-out door 54 for carrying the treated object 28 finished with quenching is provided outside the quenching treatment cell 22.