To provide a nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery capable of reversibly carrying out the dissolution and deposition of calcium.

For a negative electrode and a positive electrode, calcium, a calcium alloy, a calcium oxide, a carbon material such as graphite, fluorocarbon, silicon and the like are used. For a nonaqueous solvent (organic solvent) of the nonaqueous electrolyte, a chain ester-based solvent such as methyl propionate is used. For calcium salt added to the nonaqueous electrolyte, imide salt or a sulfonicate is used. Bistrifluoromethane sulfonic acid imide calcium (Ca[(CF3SO2)2N]2) is preferably used for the imide salt. Aluminum chloride (AlCl3) is preferably added to the nonaqueous electrolyte.

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