PURPOSE: To provide the optical encoding multiplex transmission system which can accelerate the bit rate of data transmission and can improve privacy.

CONSTITUTION: At a receiving terminal, transmitted optical encoding signals are converted to spatial patterns by time space conversion parts 20-1-20-n and these patterns and spatial patterns similarly converting optical pulse codes corresponding to channels are spatially correlated by optical correlators 30-1 to 30-n so as to correlate optical encoding signals and optical pulse codes. Thus, the optical pulse codes constituting the optical encoding signals can be parallelly handled, and data can be transmitted at the bit rate corresponding to the response speed of an electronic circuit at the receiving terminal.