To provide an optically active polyester which can be easily synthesized from a low-cost raw material under mild conditions, into which substituent groups can be easily introduced, and of which the physical properties can be easily designed, and its production method.

This polyester, which is a novel optically active polyester, is represented by formula (I) and is produced by the polycondensation of an optically active 3,4-dihydrosuccinimide derivative represented by formula (II) with an aromatic dicarboxylic acid derivative represented by formula (III). In those formulas, R is methyl, ethyl, a 3-8C linear, branched, or cyclic saturated or unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group, or a 6-20C aromatic hydrocarbon group; Ar is an optionally substituted aromatic group; and n is an integer of 2-1,000.