To provide a novel polyketone which has a 1,3-diketone structure and can be used as an electrical or optical device material.

This polyketone comprises structural units represented by formula I and is produced by reacting X1-CO-R1-CO-X2 with a compound represented by formula II. In the formulas, R1 is an aliphatic, alicyclic or aromatic 1-50C hydrocarbon group optionally having a substituent optionally containing a heteroatom and/or a metal element; R2 and R3 are each H or a 1-12C aliphatic, alicyclic or aromatic hydrocarbon group optionally having a substituent optionally containing a heteroatom and/or a metal element; X1 and X2 are each halogen; M1 and M2 are each a divalent metal element; and Y1 and Y2 are each halogen. A polymer comprising one kind of structural units represented by formula I or a copolymer comprising two or more kinds of structural units represented by formula I is preferable.