To provide authentication system and method in which authentication is performed quickly and surely, through a simple arrangement and tampering can be prevented effectively.

A mobile telephone terminal 302 forms a message, including a random number and IMEI, i.e. international mobile equipment identity, encrypts the message by a public key (305), and transmits the encrypted message to a PC 301. The PC 301 receives the encrypted message and decrypts (307) the message by a private key, embeds in an ID(Dongle ID) obtained from a hardware key attached to the PC 301 (308), signs (309) using private key and transmits the signed message to the mobile telephone terminal 302. The mobile telephone terminal 302 receives the signed message and authenticates (311) the propriety of a PC 205 as the destination terminal, based on the signature information of message, the random number and the IMEI.

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