To provide a rubber-steel composite which improves the processability and heat deterioration resistance of a rubber composition, inhibits blooming seen at the time of blending resorcinol or RF resin as low as possible, and highly satisfies both initial adhesion and wet heat-resistant adhesion.

The rubber-steel composite contains a rubber composition and a steel wire or steel cord obtained by twisting a plurality of such steel wires together. The rubber composition contains (A) a rubber component, (B) sulfur and (C) a specific thiazole compound. The steel wire has a brass plating layer on its peripheral surface and the concentration of a transition metal other than zinc and copper in a surface of the brass plating layer is ≥0.01 mass%. A tire including the rubber-steel composite is also provided.