To provide a shaft coupling device and a torque limiter which can suppress the damage of a hydraulic expansion chamber and are high in durability.

A shaft coupling device is interposed between a shaft member 1 rotating in a rotation shaft direction and a cylindrical member 2 disposed at an outer periphery side concentric with the shaft member 1, and transmits torque between the shaft member 1 and the cylindrical member 2. In the shaft coupling device, an approximately columnar body part 3 formed with a shaft hole 2a to which the shaft member 1 is inserted, and a cylindrical part 4 extended in an axial direction from the body part 3 are provided. The cylindrical part 4 comprises a first cylindrical part 41 and a second cylindrical part 42 disposed at the outside and inside in a radial direction. A hydraulic expansion chamber 6 formed annularly by welding both sides, in the axial direction, of an inner periphery face 41a and an outer periphery face 42b facing to each other, and a sleeve 5 formed approximately annularly and having a cylindrical recessed part 5a opening to one side in the axial direction are provided. While the cylindrical part 4 engages to the inside 5a of the recessed part, the sleeve 5 is disposed between the outer periphery face 1a of the shaft member 1 and the inner periphery face 2b of the cylindrical member 2 and inserted to the cylindrical member 2 in a manner capable of rotating relatively to the shaft member 1.