To provide a linear/surface-shaped heating element supplying the required amount of heat at a low power without burning a fossil fuel or the like and a snow-melting mat and a floor-warming mat with the heating element.

High quality and a social cost, which correspond to a demand, in which maintenance expenses and electrical expenses or the like are reduced while a wide area, which has an excellent workability and has not been enabled in conventional devices, is carried out in a short time, are made to coexist by the snow-melting mat and the floor-warming mat, in which the whole linear/surface-shaped heating element, to which a nickel indium oxide compound having high conductivity and efficiency of a heat generation is added and evaporated thermally, is coated with the heating element having a uniform temperature distribution and the high efficiency of the heat generation and the whole heating element is protected.

COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI