To provide a socket for an electric bulb, which allows an attachment/detachment operation of the electric bulb to be carried out even when operating either of a front-side operation lever or a rear-side reflector without turning down the reflector during replacement of the electric bulb by the operation lever; and to provide a lighting system.

When the reflector 21 is brought into a turned-down state, a rear-side pin reception holder 12b and a rear-side pin reception fitting 13b can be moved rearward, and an area between both the pin reception holders 12a and 12b is expanded, whereby an electric bulb L can be replaced. When the reflector 21 is brought into an erected state, the pin reception fittings 13a and 13b sandwich a base pin L1 of the electric bulb L. When the operation lever 17 is tilted to the side allowing an electric bulb to be inserted/extracted, the sandwiching of the base pin L1 of the electric bulb L by the pin reception fittings 13a and 13b is brought into a released state, whereby the electric bulb L can be replaced. When the operation lever 17 is tilted to an electric bulb sandwiching side, the pin reception fittings 13a and 13b sandwich the base pin L1 of the electric bulb L. When the operation lever 17 is tilted to the side allowing the electric bulb to be inserted/extracted, the reflector 21 is not allowed to swing into the turned-down state.