To provide a specified substance extraction apparatus which is capable of efficiently separating and extracting a rare substance even if the concentration of the rare sunstance to be targeted is extremely low in a solution, and to provide a specified substance extraction method.

The specified substance extraction apparatus (100) is characterized by enriching fine particles X floating in a pipe main body (20) arranged in a fluid flow channel (R) by irradiating the fine particles with supersonic waves and recovering the rare substance from the enriched fine particles (X). The fine particles are enriched by irradiating the fine particles with supersonic waves by a branched pipe (30) branched from the pipe main body (20) and by the boundary area between the branched pipe (30) and the pipe main body (20), and the fine particles (X) to which the electric field is applied by a separation and induction means (60) is induced to the branched pipe (30) side. Continuously, the fine particles (X2) (X3) induced to the branched pipe (30) from the pipe main body (20) are enriched by irradiation with supersonic waves by means of a second enrichment means (22c, 22d) and the fine particles to which the electric field is applied by a second separation and induction means (60b) is induced to the second branched pipe (40) side. Finally, the rare substance is recovered by accumulating the fine particles separated and induced at the downstream side.