To provide a temporary steel column advance reverse placing construction method of an underground skeleton, capable of suppressing the deformation of an earth-retaining wall by utilizing a falling wall for an outer wall of the underground skeleton when an interval from a floor beam of a floor supporting the earth-retaining wall to an excavation bottom is large.

When constructing a temporary steel column B in advance in soil on the inner side of the earth-retaining wall A and successively constructing the underground skeleton from an upper floor to a lower floor while utilizing the permanent floor beam supported by the temporary steel column as an earth-retaining wall support, the falling wall 2 for the outer wall of the underground skeleton and the core material C of the earth-retaining wall are integrated by a stud connector 3, a reinforcing member of the falling wall for the outer wall is provided in the state of not being projected more than the inner side face S of an outer peripheral beam 1, and the soil is dug while preventing the deformation of the earth-retaining wall by the falling wall for the outer wall. The reinforcing member includes a vertical rib 4 to be a stud, a horizontal rib 12, and a steel material 13 to be embedded in the falling wall for the outer wall, etc.