To check the short-circuit performance on the on-vehicle side while a rolling stock travels even for a dead section or a track circuit boundary.

A track short-circuit performance checking device 10 is mounted on a rolling stock 1. An electric loop circuit 4 comprises a pair of axle parts 3A and 3B and a pair of rails 2 and 2. Both a current generating coil 12 and a current detecting coil 13 are ring-shaped coils to surround an axle 3a. The current generating coil 12 generates the induced current in the loop circuit 4 based on the performance checking signal current supplied from a signal transmission unit 11. The current detecting coil 13 detects the induced current running in the loop circuit 4, and generates the output signal. A signal processing unit 18 processes the output signal of the current detecting coil 13 to determine acceptance/rejection of a short-circuit state between the axle parts 3A and 3B and the rail 2.