To provide a turning combustion device capable of effectively using biomass fuel such as chaff and rice straw while maintaining a favorable combustion state.

The turning combustion device comprises: a combustion cylinder 1 forming a combustion chamber 2 extended vertically and having a closed upper end; an upward turning air current generation mechanism 4 provided at the lower side of the combustion cylinder 1; and a flame radiation mechanism 5 radiating combustion flame downwardly from the upper end to the inside of the combustion chamber 2. The turning combustion device forms: an upward turning air current layer (a) where combustion air supplied to the inside of the combustion chamber 2 via the upward turning air current generation mechanism 4 is made to turn and ascend along the inner peripheral face of the combustion chamber 2; and a downward turning air current layer b which is surrounded by the upward turning air current layer (a) since the upward turning air current layer (a) is inverted on the upper end 3 face within the combustion chamber 2 and is made to turn and descend. While the chaff supplied to the lower part of the combustion chamber 2 is made to turn by the upward turning air current layer (a) and the downward turning air current layer b, the chaff is ignited by the combustion flame d of the flame radiation mechanism 5 and continuously burned.