To provide a two-stage compression type exhaust turbine supercharger capable of performing two-stage supercharging and reducing the size of the supercharger.

The two-stage compression type exhaust turbine supercharger 1 includes a turbine part 3 driven by exhaust gas 2 introduced from an internal combustion engine, and a low pressure stage compressor part 5 and a high pressure stage compressor part 6 driven by the turbine part 3 for pressure feeding outside air to the internal combustion engine. The turbine part 3 and a rotary shaft 9 of the low pressure stage compressor part 5, or the turbine part 3 and a rotary shaft 12 of the high pressure stage compressor part 6, are coupled to the rotary shaft 12 of the high pressure stage compressor part 6, or the rotary shaft 9 of the low pressure stage compressor part 5, and are rotated as one rotary shaft.