To provide an effectively cooled valve plate for a hydraulic motor and a hydraulic pump.

A valve plate 5 is used for a swash plate motor 1 equipped with a motor shaft 4 and a cylinder block 3 inside a motor housing 2, and has: a sliding support surface 5f in contact with the rear end surface 3r of the cylinder block 3 to support it; a support surface 5s which is the surface on the reverse side of the sliding support surface 5f and corresponds thereto; a center through-hole 5a through which the motor shaft 4 penetrates; and multiple ports 10 formed as inlets/outlets for operating oil around the center through-hole 5a so as to penetrate through the valve plate. A cooling recess 12 into which the operating oil can flow is formed in the region of the support surface 5s which excludes the ports 10L, 10R.