To suppress an increase of the size of a variable compression ratio type internal combustion engine, and to adequately change the compression ratio of each of a plurality of cylinders.

Cylinders 20-1, 20-3, 20-5 are provided on a right cylinder bank 30, and cylinders 20-2, 20-4, 20-6 are provided on a left cylinder bank 40. Eccentric shafts 6-1 to 6-6 for supporting rocking levers 5-1 to 5-6 in a rocking manner are arranged between the right cylinder bank 30 and the left cylinder bank 40. The rocking loci of the rocking levers 5-1 to 5-6 when a piston 2 and a crankshaft 1 are in motion are respectively changed by the rotation of the eccentric shafts 6-1 to 6-6, and the compression ratio in each of the cylinders 20-1 to 20-6 is changed. In this condition, gear transmission mechanisms 7-1 to 7-5 rotate the eccentric shafts 6-1, 6-3, 6-5 of the right cylinder bank 30 and the eccentric shafts 6-2, 6-4, 6-6 of the left cylinder bank 40 in the directions opposite to each other.

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