To provide an X-ray imaging apparatus that can reduce pitch variations of moire on a detection surface of a detector.

The X-ray imaging apparatus 100 includes: a diffraction grating 3 that forms interference patterns where a bright part and a dark part are periodically arranged by diffracting X-ray emitted from an X-ray source; a shielding grating 4 where a shielding part for shielding the X-ray from the diffraction grating and a penetration part for penetrating the X-ray from the diffraction grating are periodically arranged; and the detector 5 for detecting the X-ray from the shielding grating. The pitches of the interference patterns formed on the shielding grating 4 are different in the center region of the shielding grating defining an intersection point of the shielding grating with an optical axis 2, as a center, and in a circumferential region of the shielding grating, spaced apart from the optical axis of the center of the shielding grating. Pitches of the shielding grating correspond to those of the interference patterns on the shielding grating.