2, 5-DIARYL TETRAHYDRO-THIOPHENES, -FURANS AND ANALOGS FOR THE TREATMENT OF INFLAMMATORY AND IMMUNE DISORDERS

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

This invention is in the area of pharmaceutical compositions and methods for the treatment of inflammatory and immune disorders, and specifically provides novel compounds that reduce damage arising from an inflammatory or immune response. The compounds exhibit this biological activity by acting as PAF receptor antagonists, by inhibiting the enzyme 5-lipoxygenase, or by exhibiting dual activity, i. e., by acting as both a PAF receptor antagonist and inhibitor of 5-lipoxygenase.

Platelet activating factor (PAF, l-O-alkyl-2-acetyl-5n-glycerol-3- phosphorylcholine) is a potent inflammatory phospholipid mediator with a wide variety of biological activities. PAF was initially identified as a water soluble compound released by immunoglobulin E (IgE)-sensitized rabbit basophils. It is now known that PAF is also generated and released by monocytes, macrophages, polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs), eosinophils, neutrophils, natural killer lymphocytes, platelets and endothelial cells, as well as by renal and cardiac tissues under appropriate immunological and non-immunological stimulation. (Hwang, "Specific receptors of platelet-activating factor, receptor heterogeneity, and signal transduction mechanisms". Journal of Lipid Mediators 2. 123 (1990)). PAF causes the aggregation and degranulation of platelets at very low concentrations. The potency (active at 10- ¹² to 10-9M), tissue level (picomoles) and short plasma half llife (2-4 minutes) of PAF are similar to those of other lipid mediators such as thromboxane A ₂ , prostaglandins, and leukotrienes.

PAF mediates biological responses by binding to specific PAF receptors found in a wide variety of cells and tissues. Structure-activity studies on PAF and its analogs indicate that the ability of PAF to bind to these receptors is highly structure specific and stereospecific. (Shen, et al, "The Chemical and Biological Properties of PAF Agonists, Antagonists, and Biosynthetic Inhibitors", Platelet- Activating Factor and Related Lipid Mediators. F. Snyder, Ed. Plenum Press, New York, NY 153 (1987)).

While PAF mediates essential biological responses, it also appears to play a role in pathological immune and inflammatory responses. Many published studies have provided evidence for the involvement of PAF in human diseases, including arthritis, acute inflammation, asthma, endotoxic shock, pain, psoriasis, ophthalmic

inflammation, ischemia, gastrointestinal ulceration, myocardial infarction, inflammatory bowel diseases, and acute respiratory distress syndrome. Animal models also demonstrate that PAF is produced or increased in certain pathological states.

The involvement of PAF in pathological inflammatory and immune states has stimulated a substantial research effort to identify PAF receptor antagonists. In 1983, a phospholipid analog referred to as CV-3988 (rac-3-(N- _-octadecyl-carbamoyloxy-w- methoxypropy)-2-thiazolioethyl phosphate) was reported to have PAF receptor antagonist properties. (Terashita. etal.. Life Sciences 32. 1975 (198311. In other early work in this area, Shen, et al, (in Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 82. 672 (1985)), reported that kadsurenone, a neolignan derivative isolated from Piper futokadsura Sieb et Zucc (a Chinese herbal plant) was a potent, specific and competitive inhibitor of PAF activity at the receptor level. Hwang, et al, disclosed in 1985 that trans-2,5-bis- (3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl) tetrahydrofuran (L-652,731) inhibits the binding of tritiated PAF to PAF receptor sites. (Hwang, et al, "Trans-2,5-bis-(3,4,5- trimethoxyphenyDtetrahydrofuran". Journal of Biological Chemistry 260. 15639 (1985).) L-652,731 was found to be orally active, and to inhibit PAF-induced rat cutaneous vascular permeability at a dosage of 30 mg/kg body weight. The compound was found to have no effect on the enzyme 5-lipoxygenase. Hwang, et al, also reported that trα/w-L-652,731, wherein the aryl groups at the 2 and 5 positions are on opposite sides of the plane of the tetrahydrofuran ring, is approximately 1000 times more potent than cw-L-652,731, wherein the 2 and 5 aryl substituents are on the same side of the plane of the tetrahydrofuran ring.

In 1988, Hwang, et al, reported that L-659,989 (tπww-2-(3-methoxy-4- propoxyphenyl-5-methylsulfonyl)-5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)te trahydrofuran) is an orally active, potent, competitive PAF receptor antagonist, with an equilibrium inhibition constant 10 times greater than that of trα/ιs-L-652,731. (Hwang, et al, ∑. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 246. 534 (1988).)

U.S. Patent Nos. 4,996,203, 5,001,123 and 4,539,332 to Biftu, et al. and European Patent Application Nos. 89202593.3, 90306235.4, and 90306234.7 disclose that a specific class-of 2,5-diaryl tetrahydrofurans are PAF receptor antagonists.

Leukotrienes, like PAF, are potent local mediators, playing a major role in inflammatory and allergic responses, including arthritis, asthma, psoriasis, and

thrombotic disease. Leukotrienes are straight chain eicosanoids produced by the oxidation of arachidonic acid by lipoxygenases. Arachidonic acid is oxidized by 5- lipoxygenase to the hydroperoxide 5-hydroperoxyeicosatetraenoic acid (5-HPETE), which is converted to leukotriene A , which in turn can be converted to leukotriene B ₄ , C ₄ , or D ₄ . The slow-reacting substance of anaphylaxis is now known to be a mixture of leukotrienes C ₄ , D ₄ , and E ₄ , all of which are potent bronchoconstrictors.

There has been a research effort to develop specific receptor antagonists or inhibitors of leukotriene biosynthesis, to prevent or minimize pathogenic inflammatory responses mediated by these compounds.

Leukotrienes are released simultaneously from leukocytes with PAF, possibly from a common phospholipid precursor such as l-O-hexadecyl-2-arachidonyl- sn-glycero-phosphocholine, and upon cellular activation, act synergistically with PAF in many biological models. Recently, it was reported that the tetrahydrothiophene derivative of L-652,731, tr n>y-2,5-bt-y-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)tetrahydrothiophene (L-653,150), is a potent PAF antagonist and a moderate inhibitor of 5-lipoxygenase. It has been disclosed that certain 2,5-diaryl tetrahydrothiophenes are PAF antagonists and leukotriene synthesis inhibitors. (Biftu, et al. Abstr. of Int. Conf. on Prostaglandins and Related Compounds. June 3-6, 1986, Florence, Italy; U.S. Patent No. 4,757,084 to Biftu).

European Patent Application Nos. 90117171.0 and 901170171.0 disclose indole, benzofiiran, and benzothiophene lipoxygenase inhibiting compounds.

Given the significant number of pathological immune and inflammatory responses that are mediated by PAF and leukotrienes, there remains a need to identify new compounds and compositions that exhibit PAF receptor antagonistic activity or inhibit the enzyme 5-lipoxygenase.

Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to provide compounds that reduce the chemotaxis and respiratory burst leading to the formation of damaging oxygen radicals during an inflammatory or immune response.

It is another object of the present invention to provide pharmaceutical compositions for the treatment of pathological immune or inflammatory disorders mediated by PAF or products of 5-lipoxygenase.

It is another object of the present invention to provide methods for the treatment of pathological immune or inflammatory disorders mediated by PAF or products of 5-lipoxygenase.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

2,5-Diaryl tetrahydrothiophenes, tetrahydrofurans, and pyrrolidines, 1,3- diaryl cyclopentanes, and 2,4-diaryl tetrahydrothiophenes, tetrahydrofurans and pyrrolidines for the treatment of pathological immune or inflammatory disorders are disclosed of the structures:

Formula I

wherein:

wherein:

X is O, S, S(O), S(O) ₂ , CR9, or NRiO;

W is independently :

(1) -AN(OM)C(O)N(R3)R4, -AN(R3)C(O)N(OM)R4,

-AN(OM)C(O)R4, -AC(O)N(OM)R4, -N(OM)C(O)N(R3)R4, -N(R3)C(O)N(OM)R4, -N(OM)C(O)R4, -C(O)N(OM)R4, -ORθN(R5)R6-(C ₅ H ₄ N)R6R7, -OR6N(COR5)R6.(C5H ₄ N)R6R7, -OR6OC(O)N(COR5)R6-(C ₅ H ₄ N)R6R7, -OR6O(CO)N(CO ₂ R6)R6(C ₅ H ₄ N)RθR7, -A(C ₅ H ₄ N)R6R7, or -OR6N(CO ₂ R5)R6-(C ₅ H ₄ N)R6R7;

(2) an amidohydroxyurea of the formula: -N(Ri9)C(O)C(Ri9) ₂ N(OM)C(O)NHR20,

-C(O)N(Ri9)C(Ri9) ₂ N(OM)C(O)NHR20,

-AN(R19)C(O)C(R19) ₂ N(OM)C(O)NHR20,

-AC(O)N(R19)C(R19) ₂ N(OM)C(O)NHR20,

-NHC(O)N(OM)C(Ri9) ₂ C(O)N(Ri9) ₂ ; or

-NHC(O)N(OM)C(Ri9) ₂ N(Ri9)C(O)Ri9;

(3) an oxalkane of the structure:

wherein n and m are independently 1-4 ; (4) a thioalkane of the structure:

or (5) a quinolylmethoxy of the structure:

n is 1 or 2; m is 1, 2 or 3; p is O or 1;

A is alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, alkaryl, aralkyl, halo lower alkyl, halo lower alkenyl, halo lower alkynyl, -Cι-ιoalkyl(oxy)Cι-ιoalkyl, -Cι. ₁₀ alkyl(thio)Cι.ι ₀ alkyl, -N(R3)C(O)alkyl, -N(R3)C(O)alkenyl, -N(R3)C(O)alkynyl, -N(R3)C(O)(alkyl)oxy(alkyl), -N(R3)C(O)(alkyl)thio(alkyl), - N(R3)C(O)N(alkyl), -N(R3)C(O)N(alkenyl), -N(R3)C(O)N(alkynyl), -N(R3)C(O)N(alkyl)oxy(alkyl), -N(R3)C(O)N(alkyl)thio(alkyl), -N(R3)C(O ₂ )alkyl, -N(R3)C(O ₂ )alkenyl, -N(R3)C(O ₂ )alkynyl, -N(R3)C(O2)(alkyl)oxy(alkyl), -N(R3)C(O ₂ )(alkyl)thio(alkyl), -OC(O ₂ )alkyl, -OC(O ₂ )alkenyl, -OC(O ₂ )alkynyl, -OC(O ₂ )(alkyl)oxy(alkyl), -OC(O ₂ )(alkyl)thio(alkyl), -N(R ³ )C(S)alkyl, -N(R3)C(S)alkenyl,

-N(R3)C(S)alkynyl, -N(R3)C(S)(alkyl)oxy(alkyl), -N(R3)C(S)(alkyl)thio(alkyl), -N(R3)C(S)N(alkyl), -N(R3)C(S)N(alkenyl), -N(R3)C(S)N(alkynyl), -N(R3)C(S)N(alkyl)oxy(alkyl), -N(R3)C(S)N(alkyl)thio(alkyl), -N(R3)C(S)S(alkyl), -N(R3)C(S)S(alkenyl), -N(R3)C(S)S(alkynyl), -N(R3)C(S)S(alkyl)oxy(alkyl), -N(R3)C(S)S(alkyl)thio(alkyl), -SC(S)S(alkyl), -SC(S)S(alkenyl), -SC(S)S(alkynyl), -SC(S)S(alkyl)oxy(alkyl), and -SC(S)S(alkyl)thio(alkyl);

M is hydrogen, a pharmaceutically acceptable cation, or a metabolically cleavable leaving group;

Y is independently:

(a) hydrogen;

(b) Ri-6, R8, Rio, -OR3, -OR", -OR12, R3S-, R5S-, R3SO-, R5SO-, R3SO ₂ -, ⁵ SO ₂ -, CF ₃ O-, CF ₃ S-, CF ₃ SO-, -CF ₃ SO ₂ , -OCH ₂ oxycyclopropyl, -OCH ₂ C(O)OR3, -OCH ₂ OR3, -OCH ₂ C(O)R3, -OCH ₂ C ₃ - ₈ cycloalkyl, -OCH ₂ CH(R3)R3, -OCH ₂ cyclopropyl, -OCH ₂ -aryl, -OCH ₂ CH(OH)CH ₂ OH, aryl-CH ₂ -SO ₂ -, (R3) ₂ CHCH ₂ SO ₂ -, -CH ₂ CH(OH)CH ₂ OH, CF ₃ SO ₂ -, R3R4N-, -OCH ₂ CO ₂ R3, -NR3COR3, -OCONH ₂ , -OCONR3R4, -CONH ₂ , -CONR3R4, -CR3R3R4, -SO ₂ NR3R4, -SONR3R4, -CH ₃ OCH ₂ NR3R6, -SNR3R4, -CO ₂ R3, -NR3R4SO ₂ R3, -NR3R4SOR3, -COR3, -CONR3, -NO ₂ , -CN, -N(R5)CONR3R4, -CH ₂ N(R5)CONR3R4, -R6NR3R4, -OR6NR3R4, -O(O)CR5, -O(O)CNR3R4,

-OR6N 3 , -SR6NR3R4, -S(O)R6NR3R4, -SO ₂ RθNR3R4, -SO ₂ OR6CON > ,

-SR6OH, -S(O)R6OH, -SO ₂ R6OH, -OR6OC(O)N(CO ₂ R6)R6; O-alkyl-N-(aryl)-C(O)-heterocycle;

or S-alkyl-S-aryl ~-~-ζ ) ;

OR ³

(c) a heterocycle, including but not limited to, pyrryl, furyl, pyridyl; 1,2,4- thiadiazolyl; pyrimidyl, thienyl, isothiazolyl, imidazolyl, tetrazolyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidyl, quinolyl, isoquinolyl, benzothienyl, isobenzofuryl, pyrazolyl, indolyl,

purinyl, carbazolyl, benzimidazolyl, and isoxazolyl, optionally substituted with a group described in Y section (b); ( )

wherein X\' is halo such as F, Cl, Br and I; -C(O)aryl; CF ₃ ; OR3;

-NR ₃ COR3; -OC(O)NH ₂ ; -CR3R3R4; -C(O)R3; -CH ₂ OR3; -CH ₂ CO ₂ R ³ ;

-CH ₂ OC(O)R3; R3CH(R3)CH ₂ SO ₃ ; -NHCH ₂ COOR3; N+R3R3R4R7 _;

-NR3SO ₂ R3; COR3: NO ₂ ; or CN; or

wherein Ri , Ri4 and Ris independently represents:

BO- wherein B is -CH ₂ -oxacyclopropyl, -CH ₂ OR3, -CH ₂ C(O)R3,

-CH ₂ CH(R3)R3, -CH ₂ Aτyl, -CH ₂ CH(OH)-CH ₂ OH; R ³ C(R3) ₂ CH ₂ SO ₂ ; or R13-R14 or R14-R15 are joined together to form a bridge such as

-OCHR2CHR2-S(O) _n wherein n is 0 to 3; or

-CON(R ³ ) — ς

where X\' is halo, -C(O)aryl, -CF ₃ , or -OR3; -CH ₂ OR3; -CH ₂ CO ₂ R3; -CH ₂ C(O)R3; -NHCH ₂ COOR3; or -N+R3R3R4R7.

R ¹ and R are independently hydrogen, or lower alkyl, specifically including lower alkyl of 1-6 carbon atoms, e.g., methyl, cyclopropylmethyl, ethyl, isopropyl, butyl, pentyl and hexyl, as well as C ₃ -s cycloalkyl, for example, cyclopentyl; halo lower alkyl, especially Cι- ₆ haloalkyl, for example, trifluoromethyl; halo, especially fluoro; -COOH; -CONR16R1 wherein Ri° and R" independently represent Cι- ₆ alkyl and hydrogen, -COOR3, lower alkenyl, especially C ₂ - ₆ alkenyl, e.g., vinyl, allyl, CH ₃ CH=CH-CH ₂ -CH ₂ , and

CH ₃ CH ₂ ) ₃ -CH=CH-; -C(O)R3; -CH ₂ OR3; lower alkynyl, especially C ₂ . ₆ alkynyl, e.g., -C=CH; -CH ₂ NR4R3 _; -CH ₂ SR3; =O; -OR3; or -NR3R4;

R3 and R4 are independently alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, aralkyl, alkaryl, hydrogen, -6 alkoxy-Ci-io alkyl, -e alkylthio-Ci-io alkyl, and CMO substituted alkyl (wherein the subsutuent is independently hydroxy or carbonyl, located on any of

R ⁵ is lower alkyl, lower alkenyl, lower alkynyl, hydroxyl, hydrogen, halo lower alkyl, halo lower alkenyl, halo lower alkynyl, aralkyl, or aryl;

R ⁶ is lower alkyl, lower alkenyl, lower alkynyl, aralkyl, halo lower alkyl, halo lower alkenyl, halo lower alkynyl, or aryl;

R7 is an organic or inorganic anion;

R ⁸ is halo alkyl, halo lower alkyl, halo lower alkenyl, halo lower alkynyl, lower alkenyl, lower alkynyl, aralkyl, or aryl;

R9 is independently hydrogen, halogen, lower alkyl, halo lower alkyl, lower alkenyl, lower alkynyl, -CONR3R4, -C(O)R5, -CO ₂ R5, -CH ₂ OR5, -CH ₂ NR5R5, -CH ₂ SR5, =O, =NR5, -NR3R4, -NR3R4 R7, or -OR5;

Rio is -R3, -R8, -C(O)N(OR3)R3, or -OR3.

Rii is Ci to C ₁₂ alkyl; substituted to Cι ₂ alkyl wherein the substituent is selected from the group consisting of hydroxy and amino, alkenyl, lower alkoxy-alkyl;

alkylcarbonylalkyL-alkylamino, -alkylamino(alkyl or dialkyl), lower alkyl (S(O) _m - lower alkyl in which m is 0,1 or 2; imidazolyl lower alkyl, morpholinyl lower alkyl, thiazolinyl lower alkyl, piperidinyl lower alkyl, imidazolylcarbonyl, mo holinyl carbonyl, moφholinyl (lower alkyl) aminocarbonyl, N-pyrrylpyridinyl-lower alkyl; pyridylthio-lower alkyl; morpholinyl-lower alkyl; hydroxyphenylthio-lower alkyl; imidazolylthio-lower alkyl; triazolylthio-lower alkyl; triazolylphenylthio-lower-alkyl; tetrazolylthio-lower alkyl; tetrazolylphenylthio-lower alkyl; amidinophenylthio-lower alkyl; phenyl-S(O) _g -lower alkyl-; (R3O) _d -phenyl-S(O) _g -lower alkyl-; (R3R3N) _d phenyl- S(O) _g -lower alkyl-;

(CN) _d -phenyl-S(O) _g -lower alkyl-; (halo) _d -phenyl-S(O) _g -lower alkyl-; (R3COO) _d -phenyl-S(O) _g -lower alkyl-; (R3OCO) _d -phenyl-S(O) _g -lower alkyl-; (R3CO) _d -phenyl-S(O) _g -lower alkyl-; phenyl-O-lower alkyl-; (R ³ O) _d -phenyl-O-lower alkyl-; (CN) _d -phenyl-O-lower alkyl-; (halo) _d -phenyl-O-lower alkyl-; (R COO) _d -phenyl-O-lower alkyl-; (R3OCO) _d -phenyl-O-lower alkyl-; or (R3CO) _d -phenyl-O-lower alkyl- where d is 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5; and g is 0, 1, or 2.

R ¹² is alkyl; substituted alkyl wherein the subsutuent is selected from the group consisting of hydroxy and amino; -lower alkyl-O-R ¹⁸ , wherein Ris is -PO ₂ (OH)-M+ or -PO ₃ (M+) ₂ , wherein M+ is a pharmaceutically acceptable cation; -C(O)(CH ₂ ) ₂ CO ₂ - M+, or -SO ₃ -M+; -lower alkylcarbonyl-lower alkyl; -carboxy lower alkyl; -lower alkylamino-lower alkyl; N,N-di-substituted amino lower alkyl-, wherein the substituents each independently represent lower alkyl; pyridyl-lower alkyl; imidazolyl-lower alkyl; imidazolyl- Y-lower alkyl wherein Y is thio or amino; morpholinyl-lower alkyl; pyrrolidinyl-lower alkyl; thiazolinyl-lower alkyl; piperidinyl-lower alkyl; morpholinyl-lower hydroxyalkyl; N- pyrryl; piperazinyl-lower alkyl;

N-substituted piperazinyl-lower alkyl, wherein the substituent is lower alkyl; triazolyl- lower alkyl; tetrazolyl-lower alkyl; tetrazolylamino-lower alkyl; or thiazolyl-lower alkyl;

Ri9 is H, lower alkyl, or lower alkenyl; and

R20 is H, halogen, lower alkoxy, or lower alkyl;

Formula II

Ar ³ and Ar ⁴ are independendy

wherein:

X is O, S, S(O), S(0) ₂ , or NRio _; m is 1, 2, or 3; t is 1, 2, 3, or 4;

Z is independently W or Y; and

Formula III

wherein Ar is:

wherein Ar is:

v is 0, 1, or 2; and

Q is selected from the group consisting of substituted Ci to Cι ₂ alkyl wherein the substituent is selected from the group consisting of hydroxy and amino, alkylcarbonylalkyl, alkyl; lower alkyl S(O) _m -lower alkyl in which m is 1 or 2; imidazolyl lower alkyl, moφholinyl lower alkyl, thiazolinyl lower alkyl, piperidinyl lower alkyl, imidazolylcarbonyl, moφholinyl carbonyl, amoφholinyl (lower alkyl) aminocarbonyl, N-pyrrylpyridinyl-lower alkyl; pyridylthio- lower alkyl; moφholinyl-lower alkyl; hydroxyphenylthio-lower alkyl;

cyanophenylthio-lower alkyl; imidazolylthio-lower alkyl; triazolylthio-lower alkyl; triazolylphenylthio-lower alkyl; tetrazolylthio-lower alkyl; tetrazolylphenylthio-lower alkyl; aminophenylthio-lower alkyl;

N,N-di-substituted aminophenylthio-lower alkyl wherein the amine substituents each independently represent lower alkyl; amidinophenylthio-lower alkyl; phenylsulfinyl- lower alkyl; or phenylsulfonyl lower alkyl;

-lower alkyl-O-Ris, wherein Ri» is -PO ₂ (OH)-M+ or -PO ₃ (M+) ₂ , wherein M+ is a pharmaceutically acceptable cation; -C(O)(CH ₂ ) ₂ CO ₂ - M+, or -SQ ₃ -M ⁺ ;

-lower alkylcarbonyl-lower alkyl; -carboxy lower alkyl;

-lower alkylamino-lower alkyl; N,N-di-substituted amino lower alkyl, wherein the amine substituents each independently represent lower alkyl; pyridyl-lower alkyl; imidazolyl-lower alkyl; imidazolyl- Y-lower alkyl wherein Y is thio or amino; moφholinyl-lower alkyl; pyrrolidinyl-lower alkyl; thiazolinyl-lower alkyl; piperidinyl- lower alkyl; moφholinyl-lower hydroxyalkyl; N-pyrryl; piperazinyl-lower alkyl; N-substituted piperazinyl-lower alkyl, wherein the amine substiment is lower alkyl; triazolyl-lower alkyl; tetrazolyl-lower alkyl; tetrazolylamino- lower alkyl; or thiazolyl-lower alkyl.

These compounds in general reduce the chemotaxis and respiratory burst leading to the formation of damaging oxygen radicals of polymoφhonuclear leukocytes during an inflammatory or immune response. The compounds exhibit this biological activity by acting as PAF receptor antagonists, by inhibiting the enzyme 5- lipoxygenase, or by exhibiting dual activity, i. e., by acting as both a PAF receptor antagonist and inhibitor of 5-lipoxygenase.

A method to treat disorders mediated by PAF or leukotrienes is also disclosed, that includes administering an effective amount of one or more of the above- identified compounds or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, optionally in a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, to reduce formation of oxygen radicals.

The compounds disclosed herein can also be used as research tools to study the structure and location of PAF receptors as well as biological pathways involving leukotrienes.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Figure 1 is a schematic illustration of a process for a preparation of 3,4,5-trimethoxyphenylvinylketone (compound 106, Fgure 1).

Figure 2 is a schematic illustration of a process for apreparation of tr _< -yi-y-2-(3,4-dimethoxy-5-aminoethyldiiophenyl)-5-(3,4, 5-trimethoxyphenyl)- tetrahydrothiophene (compound 1, Figure 2) and trα/ι-y-2-(3,4-dimethoxy-5-aminoethyl sulfonylphenyl)-5- (3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrothiophene (compound 2, Figure 2).

Figure 3 is a schematic illustration of a process for a preparation of trαn-f-2-(3-methoxy-4-propoxy-5-aminophenyl)-5-(3,4,5-trime thoxyphenyl)- tetrahydrofuran (compound 122, Figure 3), trαns-2-(3,4-dimethoxy-5-aminophenyl)-5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyph enyl)- tetrahydrothiophene (compound 123, Figure 3),and trαns-2-(3-methoxy- 4-propoxy-5-ammophenyl)-5-(3,4,5-trime oxyphenyl) tetrahydrothiophene (compound 124, Figure 3).

Figure 4 is a schematic illustration of a process for the preparation of tr Λ-f-2-(3-methoxy-4-propoxy-5-benzylaminophenyl)-5-(3,4,5-tr imethoxyphenyl) tetrahydrofuran (compound 3, Figure 4),tr n_f-2-(3-methoxy-4-propoxy-5- hydroxyethylaminophenyl)-5- (3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydro--uran (compound 4, Figure 4), trαn-y-2-(3-methoxy-4- propoxy-5-N,N-diallylaminophenyl)-5-(3,4,5- trimethoxyphenyl)- tetrahydrofuran (compound 5, Figure 4), tr /J5-2-(3,4-dimethoxy-5-benzylaminophenyl)-5- (3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrothiophene (compound 6, Figure 4), trα/i5-2-(3-methoxy-4-propoxy-5-benzylaminophenyl)-5- (3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrothiophene (compound 7, Figure 4), tr /w-2-(3,4-dimethoxy-5-hydroxyethylaminophenyl)-5-(3,4,5- trimethoxyphenyl) tetrahydrothiophene (compound 8, Figure 4), tr -T5-2-(3-methoxy-4-propoxy-5-hydroxyethylaminophenyl)-5-(3,4 ,5- trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrothiophene (compound 9, figure 4 ), trαn5-2-(3,4-dimethoxy-5-N-diallylaminophenyl)-5-(3,4,5- trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrodιiophene (compound 10, Figure 4), and tr π5-2-(3-methoxy-4-propoxy-5- N,N-diallylaminophenyl)-5-(3,4,5- trimethoxyphenyl) tetrahydrothiophene (compound 11, Figure 4), and cis- and tran5-2-[N\'-hydroxyl-N ^, -(substituted)]-[2-propoxy-3-methoxy-5-{5-(3,4,5-

trimethoxyphenyl)-(tetrahydrofuran or tetrahydrothiophene) }-phenyl]-urea (compounds 12-32 and 38-41, Figure 4).

Figure 5 is a schematic illustration of a process for the preparation of tra/w-2-(3-methoxy-4-propoxy-5-hydroxyethylsulfonyl)-5-(3,4, 5- trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrothiophene (compound 38).

Figure 6 is a schematic illustration of a process for the preparation of trfln-ϊ-2-(5-(N-hydroxy-N-(substituted)-aminocarbonyl)-amin omethyl-3- methoxy-4-propoxyphenyl)-5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahyd rofuran (compounds 33-37, Figure 6).

Figure 7 is a schematic illustration of a process for the preparation of l-(3-nitro-4-propoxy-5-methoxyphenyl)-3-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphe nyl)cyclopentane (compound 143, Figure 7), l-(3-am-_no-4-propoxy-5-methoxyphenyl)-3-(3,4,5-trimethoxyph enyl)cyclopentane (compound 144, Figure 7), and

2-(N\'-hydroxyl-N\'-(substituted)-N-(2-propoxy-3-methoxy- 5-(5- (3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl) cyclopentane) phenyl urea (compound 145, Figure 7).

Figure 8 is a schematic illustration of a process for the preparation of 2-(5-(N-hydroxy-N-methylaminocarbonyl)-amino(substituted)- 3-methoxy-4-propoxy)-5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-cyclopentane (compound 158, Figure 8).

Figure 9 is a schematic illustration of a process for the preparation of 2-(5-(N-hydroxy-N-methylaminocarbonyl)-amino(substituted)-3- methoxy- 4-propoxy)-4-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran (compound 167, Figure 9), and 2-(5-(N-hydroxy-N-methylaminocarbonyl)-amino(substituted) -3-methoxy-4-propoxy)-4-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrot hiophene (compound 168, Figure 9).

Figures 10a and 10b provide a schematic illustration of a process for the preparation of trfln5-2-[5-(N\'-methyl-N\'-hydroxyureidylmethyl)-3-methoxy- 4-p- chlorophenylthioethoxyphenyl]-5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)tetr ahydrofuran.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

I. Description and Synthesis of the Compounds A. Compounds

The term alkyl, as used herein, unless otherwise specified, refers to a saturated straight, branched, or cyclic hydrocarbon of Ci to Cio, and specifically includes methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, t-butyl, pentyl, cyclopentyl, isopentyl, neopentyl, hexyl, isohexyl, cyclohexyl, 3-methylpentyl, 2,2-dimethylbutyl, and 2,3-dimethylbutyl.

The term lower alkyl, as used herein, and unless otherwise specified, refers to a Ci to C ₆ saturated straight, branched, or cyclic (in the case of C ₅ . ₆ ) hydrocarbon, and specifically includes methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, t-butyl, pentyl, cyclopentyl, isopentyl, neopentyl, hexyl, isohexyl, cyclohexyl, 3- methylpentyl, 2,2-dimethylbutyl, and 2,3-dimethylbutyl.

The term alkenyl, as referred to herein, and unless otherwise specified, refers to a straight, branched, or cyclic (in the case of C ₅ - ₆ ) hydrocarbon of C to Cio with at least one double bond.

The term lower alkenyl, as referred to herein, and unless otherwise specified, refers to an alkenyl group of C ₂ to C ₆ , and specifically includes vinyl and allyl.

The term lower alkylamino refers to an amino group that has one or two lower alkyl substituents.

The term alkynyl, as referred to herein, and unless otherwise specified, refers to a C ₂ to Cio straight or branched hydrocarbon with at least one triple bond.

The term lower alkynyl, as referred to herein, and unless otherwise specified, refers to a C ₂ to Cβ alkynyl group, specifically including acetylenyl and propynyl.

The term aryl, as used herein, and unless otherwise specified, refers to phenyl or substituted phenyl, wherein the substituent is halo or lower alkyl.

The term halo, as used herein, includes fluoro, chloro, bromo, and iodo.

The term halo (alkyl, alkenyl, or alkynyl) refers to a (alkyl, alkenyl, or alkynyl) group in which at least one of the hydrogens in the group has been replaced with a halogen atom.

The term heterocycle or heteroaromatic, as used herein, refers to an aromatic moiety that includes at least one sulfur, oxygen, or nitrogen in the aromatic ring. Non- limiting examples are pyrryl, furyl, pyridyl, 1,2,4-thiadiazolyl, pyrimidyl, thienyl,

isothiazolyl, imidazolyl, tetrazolyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidyl, quinolyl, isoquinolyl, benzothienyl, isobenzofuryl, pyrazolyl, indolyl, purinyl, carbazolyl, benzimidazolyl, and isoxazolyl.

The term aralkyl refers to an aryl group with an alkyl substituent.

The term alkaryl refers to an alkyl group that has an aryl substituent

The term organic or inorganic anion refers to an organic or inorganic moiety that carries a negative charge and can be used as the negative portion of a salt.

The term "pharmaceutically acceptable cation" refers to an organic or inorganic moiety that carries a positive charge and that can be administered in association with a pharmaceutical agent, for example, as a countercation in a salt. Pharmaceutically acceptable cations are known to those of skill in the art, and include but are not limited to sodium, potassium, and quaternary amine.

The term "metabolically cleavable leaving group" refers to a moiety that can be cleaved in vivo from the molecule to which it is attached, and includes but is not limited to an organic or inorganic anion, a pharmaceutically acceptable cation, acyl (for example (alkyl)C(O), including acetyl, propionyl, and butyryl), alkyl, phosphate, sulfate and sulfonate.

The term "enantiomerically enriched composition or compound" refers to a composition or compound that includes at least 95% by weight of a single enantiomer of the compound.

The term PAF receptor antagonist refers to a compound that binds to a PAF receptor with a binding constant of 30 μM or lower.

The term 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor refers to a compound that inhibits the enzyme at 30 μM or lower in a broken cell system.

The term pharmaceutically active derivative refers to any compound that upon administration to the recipient, is capable of providing directly or indirectly, the compounds disclosed herein.

The 2,5-diaryl tetrahydrothiophenes, pyrrolidines, and tetrahydrofurans, 1,3 diaryl cyclopentanes, and the 2,4-diaryl tetrahydrothiophenes, pyrrolidines and tetrahydrofurans of the above-defined formulas exhibit PAF receptor antagonist activity or inhibit the enzyme 5-lipoxygenase, or have dual activity, and are thus useful in the treatment of humans who have immune and allergic disorders that are mediated by PAF or products of 5-lipoxygenase.

The following are nonlimiting examples of compounds that fall within Formulas I, π, and HI. These examples are merely exemplary, and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

Formula I

Cis andTrans Isomers of the Following Compounds N-Alkyl/arylhydroxyureas:

2-[5-(N ^, -Butyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)-3-methoxy-4-methoxyethoxyph enyl]-5- (3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrothiophene.

2-[5-(N\'-Butyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)-3-methoxy-4-methoxyth ioethoxyphenyl]-5- (3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran.

2-[5-(N\'-Butyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)-4-hydroxyphenylthioet hoxy-3-methoxyphenyl]-5- (3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran.

2-[5-(N\'-Butyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)-4-(N-nicotinoyl-N- phenylaminoeΛoxy)-3-memoxyphenyl]-5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl )-tetrahydrofuran.

2-[5-(N\'-Butyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)-4-(N-3-pyridiniumcarb onyl-N- phenylaminoethoxy)-3-methoxyphenyl]-5-(3,4,5-trimethoxypheny l)- tetrahydrofuran-propyl iodide.

2-[5-(N\'-p-Chlorophenyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)-4-(N-3-pyrid iniumcarbonyl- N-phenylaminoethoxy)-3-methoxyphenyl]-5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphe nyl)- tetrahydrofuran-propyl iodide.

2-[5-(N\'-Butyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)-4-(N-3-pyridiniumcarb onyl-N- phenylaminoethoxy)-3-methoxyphenyl]-5-(3,4,5-trimethoxypheny l)- tetrahydrofuran-ethyl iodide.

2-[5-(N\'-p-Chlorophenyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)-4-(N-3-pyridini umcarbonyl-N-phenyl aminoethoxy)-3-methoxyphenyl]-5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tet rahydrofuran-ethyl iodide.

2-[5-(N\'-p-Chlorophenyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)-3-methoxy-4- propoxyphenyl)-5- (3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran.

2-[5-(N\'-p-Chlorophenyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)-4-methoxyeth oxy-3-methoxyphenyl]-5- (3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrothiophene.

2-[5-(N\'-p-Chlorophenyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)-4-methylthio ethoxy-3- methoxyphenyl]-5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran.

2-[5-(N\'-p-Chlorophenyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)-4-p- hydroxyphenylthioethoxy-3-methoxyphenyl]-5-(3,4,5-trimethoxy phenyl)- tetrahydrofuran.

2-[5-(N\'-p-Chlorophenyl-N ^, -hydroxyureidyl)-4-(N-nicotinoyl-N- phenylaminoethoxy)-3-methoxyphenyl]-5-(3,4,5-trimethoxypheny l)-tetrahydrofuran.

2-[5-(N\'-Butyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)-4-p-cyanophenylthioet hoxy-3-methoxyphenyl]-5- (3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran.

2-[5-(N\'-p-Chlorophenyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)-4-p-cyanophe nylthioethoxy- 3-methoxyphenyl]-5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran.

2-[5-(N\'-Butyl-N\'-hydroxyueidyl)-4-p-methoxyphenylthioe thoxy-3- methoxyphenyl]-5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran.

2-[5-(N\'-p-Chlorophenyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)-4-p- methoxyphenylthioethoxy-3-methoxyphenyl]-5-(3,4,5-trimethoxy phenyl)- tetrahydrofuran.

2-[5-(N\'-tert-Butyl-N\'-hydroxyueidyl)-3-methoxy-4-propoxyp henyl]-5-(3, 4,5-trimethoxy phenyl)- tetrahydrothiophene.

2-[5-(N\'-n-Butyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)-3-methoxy-4-propoxy phenyl]-5-(3,4, 5-trimethoxy phenyl) -tetrahydrofuran.

2-[5-(N\'-Ethyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)-3-methoxy-4-propoxyph enyl]-5-(3,4,5- trimethoxy phenyl)-tetrahydrofuran.

2-[5-(N\'-Cyclohexyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)-3-methoxy-4-prop oxyphenyl]-5- (3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran.

2-[5-(N\'-Benzyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)-3-methoxy-4-propoxyp henyl]-5-(3,4, 5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran.

2-(5-N\'-Hydroxyureidyl-3-methoxy-4-propoxyphenyl)-5-(3,4 ,5-trimethoxyphenyl)- tetrahydrothiophene.

2-[5-(N\'-Hydroxy-N\'-methylureidyl)-3-methoxy-4-propoxyp henyl]-5-(3,4, 5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrothiophene.

2-[5-(N\'-Hydroxy-N\'-i-propylureidyl)-3-methoxy-4-propox yphenyl]-5-(3, 4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrothiophene.

2-[5-(N\'-5ec-Butyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)-3-methoxy-4-propo xyphenyl]-5-(3, 4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrothiophene.

2-[5-(N\'-Hydroxy-N\'-propylureidyl)-3-methoxy-4-propoxyp henyl]-5-(3,4, 5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrothiophene.

2-[5-(N\'-Hydroxy-N\'-propylureidyl)-3-methoxy-4-propoxyp henyl]-5-(3,4, 5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran.

2-[5-(N\'-Hydroxy-N\'-n-pentylureidyl)-3-methoxy-4-propoxyρ henyl]-5-(3, 4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran.

2-[5-(N\'-Cyclohexyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)-3-methoxy-4-prop oxyphenyl]-5- (3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran.

2-[5-(N\'-Hexyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)-3-methoxy-4-propoxyph enyl]-5-(3,4, 5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran.

2-[5-(N\'-Benzyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)-3-methoxy-4-propoxyp henyl]-5-(3,4, 5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran.

2-[5-(N\'-Hydroxy-N\'-octylureidyl)-3-methoxy-4-propoxyph enyl]-5-(3,4,5- trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran.

2-[5-(N\'-Hydroxy-N\'-methoxyethylureidyl)-3-methoxy-4-pr opoxyphenyl]-5- (3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran.

2-[5-(N\'-Decyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)-3-methoxy-4-propoxyph enyl]-5-(3,4,5- trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran.

2-[5-(N\'-Hydroxy-N ^, -n-pentylureidyl)-3-methoxy-4-propoxyphenyl]-5-(3, 4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrothiophene.

2-[5-(N\'-Cyclohexyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)-3-methoxy-4-prop oxyphenyl]-5- (3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrothiophene.

2-[5-(N\'-Hexyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)-3-methoxy-4-propoxyph enyl]-5-(3,4, 5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrothiophene.

2-[5-(N\'-Benzyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)-3-methoxy-4-propoxyp henyl]-5-(3,4, 5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrothiophene.

2-[5-(N\'-Hydroxy-N\'-octylureidyl)-3-methoxy-4-propoxypheny l]-5-(3,4,5- trimethoxyphenyl)- tetrahydrothiophene.

2-[5-(N\'-Hydroxy-N\'-methoxyethylureidyl)-3-methoxy-4-pr opoxyphenyl]-5- (3,4,5- trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrothiophene.

2- [5-(N\'-Decyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)-3-methoxy-4-propoxyphenyl] -5-(3 ,4,5- trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrodιiophene.

2-[5-(N\'-Butyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)-4-(p-bromophenylthioe thoxy)-3-methoxyphenyl]- 5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

2-[5-(N\'-Butyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)-4-(2-bromophenylthioe thoxy)-3-methoxyphenyl]- 5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

2-[5-(N\'-Butyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)-4-(3-bromophenylthioe thoxy)-3-methoxyphenyl]- 5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

2-[5-(N ^, -Butyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)-4-(3,4-dichlorophenylthioet hoxy)-3-methoxyphenyl]- 5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

2-[5-(N\'-Butyl-N ^, -hydroxyureidyl)-4-(p-chlorophenylthioethoxy)-3-methox yphenyl]- 5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

2-[5-(N\'-Butyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)-4-(p-fluorophenylthio ethoxy)-3-methoxyphenyl]- 5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

2-[5-(N\'-Butyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)-4-(2,3,5,6-tetrafluor ophenylthioethoxy)-3- methδxyphenyl]-5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

2-[5-(N\'-Butyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)-4-(2,3,4,5-tetrafluor ophenylethoxy)-3-methoxyphenyl]- 5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

2-[5-(N\'-Butyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)-4-(p-bromophenysulfonyle thoxy)-3-methoxyphenyl]- 5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

2-[5-(N\'-Butyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)-4-(2-bromophenylsulfo nylethoxy)-3-methoxyphenyl]- 5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

2-[5-(N\'-Hydroxy-N\'-methylyureidyl)-4-(p-bromophenylthi oethoxy)-3-methoxyphenyl]- 5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

2-[5-(N\'-Hydroxy-N\'-methylureidyl)-4-(2-bromophenylthio ethoxy)-3-methoxyphenyl]- 5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

2-[5-(N\'-Hydroxy-N\'-methylureidyl)-4-(3-bromophenylύτ ioethoxy)-3-methoxyphenyl]- 5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

2-[5-(N\'-Hydroxy-N\'-methylureidyl)-4-(3,4-dichloropheny lthioethoxy)-3-methoxyphenyl]- 5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

2-[5-(N\'-Hydroxy-N\'-methylureidyl)-4-(p-chlorophenylthi oethoxy)-3-methoxyphenyl]- 5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

2-[5-(N\'-Ethyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)-4-p-fluorophenylthioe thoxy)-3-methoxyphenyl]- 5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

2-[5-(N\'-Ethyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)-4-(2,3,5,6-tetrafluor ophenylthioethoxy)-3- methoxyphenyl]-5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

2-[5-(N\'-Ethyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)-4-(2,3,4,5-tetrafluor ophenylethoxy)-3-methoxyphenyl]- 5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

2-[5-(N ^, -Ethyl-N ^, -hydroxyureidyl)-4-(2,3,4,5-tetrafluorophenylethoxy)-3 -methoxyphenyl]- 5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

2-[5-(N\'-p-Chlorophenyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)-4-(2-bromopheny lsulfonylethoxy)-3- methoxyphenyl]-5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

2-[5-(N\'-p-Chlorophenyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)-4-(p-bromoph enylthioethoxy)-3- methoxyphenyl]-5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

2-[5-(N\'-tert-Butyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)-4-(p-bromophenyl thioethoxy)-3-methoxyphenyl]- 5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

2-[5-(N\'-tert-Butyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)-4-(2-bromophenyl thioethoxy)-3-methoxyphenyl]- 5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

2-[5-(N\'-tert-Butyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)-4-(3-bromophenyl thioethoxy)-3-methoxyphenyl]- 5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

2-[5-(N\'-Cyclohexyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)-4-(3,4-dichlorop henylthioethoxy)-3- methoxyphenyl]-5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

2-[5-(N\'-Cyclohexyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)-4-(p-chloropheny lthioethoxy)-3-methoxyphenyl]- 5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

2-[5-(N\'-Cyclohexyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)-4-(p-fluoropheny lthioethoxy)-3-methoxyphenyl]- 5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

2-[5-(N\'-Benzyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)-4-(2,3,5,6-tetrafluo rophenylthioethoxy)-3- methoxyphenyl]-5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)- tetrahydrofuran

2-[5-(N\'-Benzyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)-4-(2,3,4,5-tetrafluo rophenylethoxy)-3- methoxyphenyl]-5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

2-[5-(N\'-Benzyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)-4-(p-bromophenylsulf onylethoxy)-3-methoxyphenyl]- 5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

2-[5-(N\'-Benzyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)-4-(2-bromophenylsulfony lethoxy)-3-methoxyphenyl]- 5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

2-[5-(N\'-Hydroxy-N\'- -propylureidyl)-4-(p-bromophenylthioethoxy)-3-methoxyphenyl] - 5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

2-[5-(N\'--ϊec-Butyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)-4-(p-bromopheny lthioethoxy)-3-methoxyphenyl]- 5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

2-[5-(N\'-Λ ^, ec-Butyl-N ^, -hydroxyureidyl)-4-(2-bromophenylthioethoxy)-3-methoxy phenyl]- 5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

2-[5-(N\'-Hydroxy-N\'-propylureidyl)-4-(3-bromophenylthio ethoxy)-3-methoxyphenyl]- 5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

2-[5-(N\'-Hydroxy-N\'-/ι-pentylureidyl)-4-(3,4-dichlorop henylthioethoxy)-3- methoxyphenyl]-5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

2-[5-(N\'-Hexyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)-4-(p-chlorophenylthio ethoxy)-3-methoxyphenyl]- 5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

2-[5-(N\'-Hydroxy-N\'-octylureidyl)-4-(p-fluorophenylthio ethoxy)-3-methoxyphenyl]- 5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

2-[5-(N\'-Hydroxy-methoxyethylureidyl)-4-(2,3,5,6-tetrafl uorophenylthioethoxy)-3- me oxyphenyl]-5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

2-[5-(N\'-Decyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)-4-(2,3,4,5-tetrafluor ophenylethoxy)-3-methoxyphenyl]- 5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

2-[5-(N\'-Hydroxy-N\'-methylureidylmethyl)-4-(p-chlorophe nylthioethoxy)-3- methoxyphenyl]-5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)- tetrahydrofuran

2-[5-(N\'-Hydroxy-N\'- -propylureidylmethyl)-4-(p-chlorophenylthioethoxy)-3- methoxyphenyl]-5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)- tetrahydrofuran

2-[5-(N\'-Butyl-N ^, -hydroxyureidylmethyl)-4-(p-chlorophenylthioethoxy)-3- methoxyphenyl]- 5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

2-[5-(N\'-Hydroxy-N\'-propylureidylmethyl)-4-(p-chlorophe nylthioethoxy)-3- methoxyphenyl]-5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

2-[5-(N\'-Ethyl-N ^, -hydroxyureidylmethyl)-4-(p-chlorophenylthioethoxy)-3- methoxyphenyl]- 5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

2-[5-(N\'-Hydroxy-N\'-octylureidy_methyl)-4-(p-chlorophen ylthioethoxy)-3-methoxyphenyl]- 5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

2-[5-(N\'-Benzyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)-4-(p-bromophenylsulf onylethoxy)-3-methoxyphenyl]- 5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrothiophene

2-[5-(N\'-Benzyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)-4-(2-bromophenylsulf onylethoxy)-3-methoxyphenyl]- 5-(3 ,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrothiophene

2-[5-(N\'-Hydroxy-N\'- -propylureidyl)-4-(p-bromophenylthioethoxy)-3-methoxyphenyl] - 5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrothiophene

2-[5-(N\'-Hydroxyl-N\'-octylureidyl)-4-(p-fluorophenylthi oethoxy)-3-methoxyphenyl]- 5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrothiophene

2-[5-(N\'-Butyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)-4-(p-bromophenylthioe thoxy)-3-methoxyphenyl]- 5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrothiophene

2-[5-(N\'-Butyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)-4-(2-bromophenylthioe thoxy)-3-methoxyphenyl]- 5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrothiophene

2-[5-(N\'-Butyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)-4-(3-bromophenylthioetho xy)-3-methoxyphenyl]- 5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrothiophene

2-[5-(N\'-Hydroxy-N\'-met_hylureidylmethyl)-4-(p-chloroph enylthioethoxy)-3- methoxyphenyl]-5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrothiophen e

2-[5-(N\'-Hydroxy-N\'- -propylureidylmethyl)-4-(p-chlorophenylthioethoxy)-3- methoxyphenyl]-5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)- tetrahydrothiophene

2-[5-(N\'-Butyl-N\'-hydroxyureidylmethyl)-4-(p-chlorophen ylthioethoxy)-3-methoxyphenyl]- 5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrothiophene

Triple Bonded Hydroxamates:

2-[5-[l-(N-Acetyl-N-hydroxyamino)propyn-3-yl]-3-methoxy-4 -propoxyphenyl]-5- (3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran.

2-[5-[l-(N-Hydroxy-N-propanoylamino)propyn-3-yl]-3-methox y-4- propoxyphenyl]-5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran.

2-[5-[l-(N-Butanoyl-N-hydroxyamino)propyn-3-yl]-3-methoxy -4-propoxyphenyl]-5- (3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran.

2-[5-[ 1 -(N-Hydroxy-N-i- propanoylamino)propyn-3-yl] -3-methoxy-4-propoxyphenyl]-5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-teu-a hydrofuran.

2-[5-[l-(N-Hydroxy-N-cyclohexanecarbonylamino)propyn-3-yl ]-3- methoxy-4-propoxyphenyl] -5-(3 ,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)- tetrahydrofuran.

2-[5-[l-(N-Benzoyl-N-hydroxylamino)propyn-3-yl]-3-methoxy -4-propoxyphenyl]-5- (3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran.

2-[5-[l-(N-Hydroxy-N-3-phenoxybenzoylamino)propyn-3-yl]-3 -methoxy- 4-propoxyphenyl]-5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran.

2-[5-[l-(N-Hydroxy-N-4-methoxybenzoylamino)propyn-3-yl]-3-me thoxy- 4-propoxyphenyl]-5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran.

2-[5-[l-(N-3-Benzoylbenzoyl-N-hydroxyamino)propyn-3-yl]-3 -methoxy-4- propoxyphenyl]-5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran.

2-[5-[l-(N-Hydroxy-N-4-hydroxybenzoylamino)propyn-3-yl]-3 -methoxy- 4-propoxyphenyl]-5-(3,4,5-trimethoxypheny)-tetrahydrofuran.

2-[5-[l-(N-Acetyl-N-hydroxyamino)propyn-3-yl]-4-(p-bromop henylthioethoxy)-3- methoxyphenyl]-5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

2-[5-[l-(N-Hydroxy-N-propanoylamino)propyn-3-yl]-4-(p-chl orophenylthioethoxy)- 3-methoxyphenyl]-5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

2-[5-[l-(N-Butanoyl-N-hydroxyamino)propyn-3-yl]-4-(3,4-di chlorophenylthioethoxy)- 3-methoxyphenyl]-5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

2-[5-[l-(N-Hydroxy-N-cyclohexanecarbonylamino)propyn-3-yl ]-4-

(p-fluorophenylthioethoxy)-3-methoxyphenyl]-5-(3,4,5-trim ethoxyphenyl)- tetrahydrofuran

2-[5-[l-(N-Hydroxy-N-3-phenoxybenzoylamino)propyn-3-yl]-4 -(2,3,5,6- tetrafluorophenylthioethoxy)-3-methoxyphenyl]-5-(3,4,5-trime thoxyphenyl)- tetrahydrofuran

2-[5-[l-(N-Hydroxy-N-methoxybenzoylamino)propyn-3-yl]-4-( 2-bromophenylthioethoxy)- 3-methoxyphenyl]-5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

2-[5-[l-(N-Hydroxy-N-hydroxybenzoylamino)propyn-3-yl]-4-( p-chlorophenylthioethoxy)- 3-methoxyphenyl]-5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

Triple Bonded Ureas:

2-[5-[l-(N\'-Hydroxy-N\'-methylureidyl)propyn-3-yl]-3-met hoxy-4-propoxyphenyl]- 5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran.

2-[5-[l-(N\'-Ethyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)propyn-3-yl]-3-meth oxy-4-propoxyphenyl]- 5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran.

2-[5-[l-(N\'-Hydroxy-N\'-propylureidyl)propyn-3-yl]-3-met hoxy-4-propoxyphenyl]- 5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran.

2-[5-[l(N\'-n-Butyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)propyn-3-yl]-3-met hoxy-4-propoxyphenyl]- 5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran.

2-[5-[l-(N\'-Hydroxy-N\'- -propylureidyl)propyn-3-yl]-3-methoxy-4-propoxyphenyl]- 5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran.

2-[5-[l-(N\'-t-Butyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)propyn-3-yl]-3-me thoxy-4-propoxyphenyl]-5- (3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran.

2-[5-[l-(N\'-Benzyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)propyn-3-yl]-3-met hoxy-4-propoxyphenyl]- 5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran.

2-[5-[l-(N\'-Cyclopropylmethyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)propyn- 3-yl]-3- methoxy-4-propoxyphenyl]-5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)- tetrahydrofuran.

2-[5-[l-(N\'-Allyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)propyn-3-yl]-3-meth oxy-4-propoxyphenyl]-5- (3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran.

2-[5-[l-(N\'-Hydroxy-N\'-hydroxyethylureidyl)propyn-3-yl] -3-methoxy-4- propoxyphenyl]-5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran.

2-[5-[l-(N\'-Hydroxy-N\'-methylureidyl)propyn-3-yl]-4-(p- chlorophenylthioethoxy)- 3-methoxyphenyl]-5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran.

2-[5-[l-(N\'-Ethyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)propyn-3-yl]-4-(p-chlo rophenylthioethoxy)-3- methoxyphenyl]-5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran.

2-[5-[l-(N\'-Hydroxy-N\'-propylureidyl)propyn-3-yl]-4-(p- chlorophenylthioethoxy)-3- methoxyphenyl]-5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran.

2-[5-[l-(N\'-/_-Butyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)propyn-3-yl]-4-( p-chlorophenylthioethoxy)- 3-methoxyphenyl]-5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

2-[5-[l-(N ^, -Hydroxy-N\'-i-propylureidyl)propyn-3-yl]-4-(p-chlorop henylthioethoxy)- 3-methoxyphenyl]-5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

2-[5-[l-(N\'-tert-Butyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)propyn-3-yl]-4 -(p-chlorophenylthioethoxy)- 3-methoxyphenyl]-5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

2-[5-[l-(N\'-Benzyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)propyn-3-yl]-4-(p- chlorophenylthioethoxy)-3- methoxyphenyl]-5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

2-[5-[l-(N\'-Cyclopropylmethyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)propyn- 3-yl]-4-(p-chlorophenylthioethoxy)- 3-methoxyphenyl]-5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

2-[5-[l-(N\'-Allyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)propyn-3-yl]-4-(p-c hlorophenylthioethoxy)-3- methoxyphenyl]-5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)- tetrahydrofuran

2-[5-[l-(N\'-Hydroxy-N\'-hydroxyethylureidyl)propyn-3-yl] -4-(p-chlorophenylthioethoxy)- 3-methoxyphenyl]-5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

Double Bonded Hydroxamates: Both Cis and Trans Isomers at the Tetrahydrofuran Ring

2-[5-[trans- 1 -(N- Acetyl-N-hydroxyamino)propen-3-yl]-3-methoxy-4- propoxyphenyl]-5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran.

2-[5-[tr n5-l-(N-Hydroxy-N-propanoylamino)propen-3-yl]-3-methoxy-4- propoxyphenyl]-5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran.

2-[5-[tr n-y-l-(N-Butanoyl-N-hydroxyamino)propen-3-yl]-3-methoxy-4- propoxyphenyl]-5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)- tetrahydrofuran.

2-[5-[trfln-y-l-(N-hydroxy-N-nicotinoylamino)propen-3-yl] -3-methoxy-4- propoxyphenyl]-5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran.

2-[5-[tr /ι_ϊ-l-(N-Hydroxy-N-phenylacetylamino)propen-3-yl]-3-metho xy-4- propoxyphenyl]-5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)- tetrahydrofuran.

2-[5-[trøns-l-(N-3-Phenoxybenzoyl-N-hydroxyamino)propen- 3-yl]-3- methoxy-4-propoxyphenyl]-5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)- tetrahydrofuran.

2-[5-[trαn5-l-(N-3-Chlorobenzoyl-N-hydroxyamino)propen-3 -yl]-3- methoxy-4-propoxyphenyl]-5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahyd rofuran.

2-[5-[trαns-l-(N-3-Chlorobenzoyl-N-hydroxyamino)propen-3 -yl]-3- methoxy-4-propoxyphenyl]-5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)- tetrahydrofuran.

2-[5-[tran_»-l-(N-2,4-Difluorobenzoyl-N-hydroxyamino)pro pen-3-yl]-3- methoxy-4-propoxyphenyl]-5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahyd rofuran.

2-[5-[tro«5-l-(N-3,4-Methylenedioxybenzoyl-N-hydroxyamin o)propen-3- yl]-3-methoxy-4-propoxyphenyl]-5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-te trahydrofuran.

and also the corresponding saturated hydroxamates, e.g.,

2-{5-[l-(N-3,4-Methylenedioxybenzoyl-N-hydroxyamino)propy l]-3- methoxy-4-propoxyphenyl]-5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahyd rofuran.

2-[5-[-rfln5-l-(N-Acetyl-N-hydroxyamino)propen-3-yl]-4-(p -bromophenylthioethoxy)- 3-methoxyphenyl]-5-(3 ,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrof uran

2-[5-[trα/w-l-(N-Hydroxy-N-propanoylamino)propen-3-yl]-4 -(p-chlorophenylthioethoxy)- 3-methoxyphenyl]-5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

2-[5-[tr-_tR$--l-(N-Butanoyl-N-hydroxyamino)propen-3-yl]-4-( 3,4-dichlorophenylthioethoxy)- 3-methoxyphenyl]-5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

2-[5-[trαn-9-l-(N-Hydroxy-N-cyclohexanecarbonylamino)pro pen-3-yl]-4-(p- fluorophenylthioethoxy)-3-methoxyphenyl]-5-(3,4,5-trimethoxy phenyl)- tetrahydrofuran

2-[5-[trα«_f-l-(N-Hydroxy-N-phenoxybenzoylamino)propen- 3-yl]-4-(2,3,5,6- tetrafluorophenylthioethoxy)-3-methoxyphenyl]-5-(3,4,5-trime thoxyphenyl)- tetrahydrofuran

2-[5-[trα w-l-(N-Hydroxy-N-methoxybenzoylamino)propen-3-yl]-4-

(p-bromophenylthioethoxy)-3-methoxyphenyl]-5-(3,4,5-trime thoxyphenyl)- tetrahydrofuran

2-[5-[trans- l-(N-Hydroxy-N-hydroxybenzoylamino)propen-3-yl]-4-

(p-chlorophenylthioethoxy)-3-methoxyphenyl]-5-(3,4,5-trim ethoxyphenyl)- tetrahydrofuran

Double Bonded Ureas: Both Cis andTrans Isomers at the Tetrahydrofuran Ring.

2-[5-[traτw-l-(N\'-Hydroxy-N\'-methylureidyl)propen-3-yl ]-3-methoxy-4- propoxyphenyl]-5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran.

2-[5-[tran-y-l-(N\'-Ethyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)propen-3-yl] -3-methoxy-4- propoxyphenyl]-5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)- tetrahydrofuran.

2-[5-[trα/j-y-l-(N ^, -Hydroxy-N ^, -propylureidyl)propen-3-yl]-3-methoxy-4- propoxyphenyl]-5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran.

2-[5-[tran-y-l-(N\'-Butyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)propen-3-yl] -3-methoxy-4- propoxyphenyl]-5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)- tetrahydrofuran.

2-[5-[trfln5-l-(N\'-Hydroxy-N\'-i-propylureidyl)propen-3-yl] -3-methoxy-4- propoxyphenyl]-5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran.

2-[5-[tra/ι-y-l-(N\'-t-Butyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)propen-3 -yl]-3-methoxy-4- propoxyphenyl]-5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran.

2-[5-[tran5-l-(N\'-Benzyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)propen-3-yl] -N-3-methoxy-4- propoxyphenyl]-5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran.

2-[5-[tran-y-l-(N\'-Allyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)propen-3-yl] -3-methoxy-4- propoxyphenyl]-5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran.

2-[5-[trαn-y-l-(N\'-Cyclohexyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)propen -3-yl]-3-methoxy- 4-propoxyphenyl-5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran.

2-[5-[tr n-ϊ-l-(N\'-Hydroxy-N\'-methylthioethylureidyl)propen-3-yl]- 3- methoxy-4-propoxyphenyl]-5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)- tetrahydrofuran.

2-[5-[tran5-l-(N\'-Cyclohexyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)propen-3 -yl]-3-methoxy- 4-propoxy] -5-(3 ,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran.

and also the corresponding saturated ureas, e.g.,

2-[5-[l(N\'-Cyclohexyl-N ^, -hydroxyureidyl)propyl]-3-methoxy-4-propoxyphenyl]-5- (3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)- tetrahydrofuran.

2-[5-[tr n-y-l-(N ^, -Hydroxy-N\'-methylureidyl)propen-3-yl]-4-(p-chlorophe nylthioethoxy)- 3-methoxyphenyl]-5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

2-[5-[trfln5-l-(N\'-Ethyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)propen-3-yl] -4-(p-chlorophenylthioethoxy)- 3-methoxyphenyl]-5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

2-[5-[trαn- ^y -l-(N\'-Hydroxy-N\'-propylureidyl)propen-3-yl]-4-(p-ch lorophenylthioethoxy)- 3-methoxyphenyl]-5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

2-[5-[tra«-y-l-(N\'-n-Butyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)propen-3-yl] -4-(p-chlorophenylthioethoxy)- 3-methoxyphenyl]-5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

2-[5-[trαn-)--l-(N\'-Hydroxy-N\'-t-propylureidyl)propen- 3-yl]-4-(p-chlorophenylthioethoxy)- 3-methoxyphenyl]-5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

2-[5-[trα/2 -l-(N\'-tert-Butyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)propen-3-yl]-4-(p-chlo rophenylthioethoxy)- 3-methoxyphenyl]-5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

2-[5-[trαn5-l-(N\'-Benzyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)propen-3-yl ]-4-(p-chlorophenylthioethoxy)- 3-methoxyphenyl]-5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

2-[5-[trα/ι-ϊ-l-(N\'-Cyclopropylmethyl-N\'-hydroxyurei dyl)propen-3-yl]-4-(p- chlorophenylthioethoxy)-3-methoxyphenyl]-5-(3,4,5-trimethoxy phenyl)- tetrahydrofuran

2-[5-[trflΛ5-l-(N ^, -Allyl-N ^, -hydroxyureidyl)propen-3-yl]-4-(p-chlorophenylthioetho xy)- 3-methoxyphenyl]-5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

2-[5-[trans- 1 -(N\'-Hydroxy-N\'-hydroxyethylureidyl)propen-3-yl]-4-

(p-chlorophenylthioethoxy)-3-methoxyphenyl]-5-(3,4,5-trim ethoxyphenyl)- tetrahydrofuran

Formula II

Cis and Trans Isomers of the Following Compounds N-Alkyl/arylhydroxyureas:

4-[5-(N\'-Butyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)-3-methoxy-4-methoxyet hoxyphenyl]-2- (3,4,5- trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

4-[5-(N\'-Butyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)-3-methoxy-4-methylthi oethoxyphenyl]-2- (3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

4-[5-(N\'-Butyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)-4-p-hydroxyphenylthioeth oxy-3- methoxyphenyl]-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

4-[5-(N\'-Butyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)-3-methoxy-4-(N-nicoti noyl-N- phenyaminoethoxy)-phenyl]-2-(3,4,5-tr_methoxyphenyl)-tetrahy drofuran

4-[5-(N\'-Butyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)-3-methoxy-4-[(N-(N-pr opyl-3-pyridinium carbonyl)]-N-phenyaminoethoxy)-phenyl]-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyph enyl)- tetrahydrofuran iodide

4-[5-(N\'-p-Chlorophenyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)-3-methoxy-4- (N-(N-propyl- 3-pyridiniumcarbonyl)-N-phenyaminoethoxy)-phenyl]-2-(3,4,5- trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran iodide

4-[5-(N\'-Butyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)-3-methoxy-4-(N-(N-eth yl-3-pyridinium carbonyl)-N-phenyaminoethoxy)-phenyl]-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphe nyl)-tetrahydrofuran iodide

4-[5-(N\'-p-Chlorophenyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)-3-methoxy-4- (N-(N-ethyl-3-pyridinium carbonyl)-N-phenyaminoethoxy)-phenyl]-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphe nyl)-tetrahydrofuran iodide

4-[5-(N\'-p-Chlorophenyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)-3-methoxy-4- propoxyphenyl]-2- (3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)- tetrahydrofuran

4-[5-(N\'-p-Chlorophenyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)-3-methoxy-4- methoxyethoxyphenyl]-2- (3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

4-[5-(N\'-p-Chlorophenyl-N\'-p-hydroxyureidyl)-3-methoxy- 4- methylthioethoxyphenyl]-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydr ofuran

4-[5-(N\'-p-Chlorophenyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)-4-p- hydroxyphenylthioethoxy-3-methoxyphenyl]-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxy phenyl)- tetrahydrofuran

4-[5-(N\'-p-Chlorophenyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)-3-methoxy-4-(N- nicotinoyl- N-phenylaminoethoxy)-phenyl]-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetr ahydrofuran

4-[5-(N\'-Butyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)-4-p-cyanophenylthioet hoxy-3-methoxyphenyl]-2- (3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

4-[5-(N\'-p-Chlorophenyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)-4-p-cyanophe nylthioethoxy- 3-methoxyphenyl]-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

4-[5-(N\'-Butyl-N ^, -hydroxyureidyl)-3-methoxy-4-p- methoxyphenylthioethoxyphenyl]-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-te trahydrofuran

4-[5-(N\'-p-Chlorophenyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)-3-methoxy-4- p- methoxyphenylthioethoxyphenyl]-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-te trahydrofuran

4-[5-(N\'-tert-Butyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)-3-methoxy-4-prop oxyphenyl]-2-(3, 4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrothiophene

4-[5-(N\'-Butyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)-3-methoxy-4-propoxyph enyl]-2-(3,4,5- trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

4-[5-(N\'-Ethyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)-3-methoxy-4-propoxyph enyl]-2-(3,4,5- trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

4-[5-(N\'-Cyclohexyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)-3-methoxy-4-prop oxyphenyl]-2- (3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

4-[5-(N\'-Benzyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)-3-methoxy-4-propoxyp henyl]-2-(3,4, 5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

4-[5-N\'-Hydroxyureidyl-3-methoxy-4-propoxyphenyl]-2-(3,4 ,5- trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrodιiophene

4-[5-(N\'-Hydroxy-N\'-methylureidyl)-3-methoxy-4-propoxyphen yl]-2-(3,4, 5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrothiophene

4-[5-(N\'-Hydroxy-N\'-i-propylureidyl)-3-methoxy-4-propox yphenyl]-2-(3, 4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrothiophene

4-[5-(N\'-sec-Butyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)-3-methoxy-4-propo xyphenyl]-2-(3, 4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrothiophene

4-[5-(N\'-Hydroxy-N\'-n-propylureidyl)-3-methoxy-4-propox yphenyl]-2-(3, 4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrothiophene

4-[5-(N\'-Hydroxy-N\'-n-propylureidyl)-3-methoxy-4-propox yphenyl]-2-(3, 4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

4-[5-(N\'-Hydroxy-N\'-n-pentylureidyl)-3-methoxy-4-propox yphenyl]-2-(3, 4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

4-[5-(N\'-Hydroxy-N\'-n-pentylureidyl)-3-methoxy-4-propox yphenyl]-2-(3, 4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

4-[5-(N\'-Hydroxy-N\'-n-pentylureidyl)-3-methoxy-4-propox yphenyl]-2-(3, 4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

4-[5-(N\'-Cyclohexyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)-3-methoxy-4-prop oxyphenyl]-2- (3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

4-[5-(N\'-n-Hexyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)-3-methoxy-4-propoxy phenyl]-2-(3, 4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

4-[5-(N\'-Benzyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)-3-methoxy-4-propoxyp henyl]-2-(3,4, 5-trimethoxyphenyl)- tetrahydrothiophene

4-[5-(N\'-Hydroxy-N\'-n-octylureidyl)-3-methoxy-4-propoxyphe nyl]-2-(3,4, 5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

4-[5-(N\'-Hydroxy-N\'-methoxyethylureidyl)-3-methoxy-4-pr opoxyphenyl]-2- (3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

4-[5-(N\'-n-Decyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)-3-methoxy-4-propoxy phenyl]-2-(3,4, 5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

4-[5-(N\'-Hydroxy-N\'-n-pentylureidyl)-3-methoxy-4-propox yphenyl]-2-(3, 4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrothiophene

4-[5-(N\'-Cyclohexyl-N\'-hydroxylureidyl)-3-methoxy-4-pro poxyphenyl]-2- (3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrothiophene

4-[5-(N\'-n-Hexyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)-3-methoxy-4-propoxy phenyl]-2-(3, 4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrothiophene

4-[5-(N\'-Hydroxy-N\'-n-octylureidyl)-3-methoxy-4-propoxy phenyl]-2-(3,4, 5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrothiophene

4-[5-(N\'-Hydroxy-N\'-methoxyethylureidyl)-3-methoxy-4-pr opoxyphenyl]-2- (3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrothiophene

4-[5-(N\'-n-Decyl-N\'-hydroxylureidyl)-3-methoxy-4-propox yphenyl]-2-(3, 4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrothiophene

4-[5-(N\'-Butyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)-4-(p-bromophenylthioe thoxy)-3-methoxyphenyl]- 2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

4-[5-(N\'-Butyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)-4-(2-bromophenylthioe thoxy)-3-methoxyphenyl]- 2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

4-[5-(N\'-Butyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)-4-(3-bromophenylthioetho xy)-3-methoxyphenyl]- 2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

4-[5-(N\'-Butyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)-4-(3,4,-dichloropheny lthioethoxy)-3-methoxyphenyl]- 2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

4-[5-(N\'-Butyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)-4-(p-chlorophenylthio ethoxy)-3-methoxyphenyl]- 2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

4-[5-(N ^, -Butyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)-4-(p-fluorophenylthioethoxy )-3-methoxyphenyl]- 2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

4-[5-(N\'-Butyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)-4-(2,3,5,6-tetrafluor ophenylthioethoxy)-3- methoxyphenyl]-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

4-[5-(N\'-Butyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)-4-(2,3,4,5-tetrafluor ophenylethoxy)-3-methoxyphenyl]- 2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

4-[5-(N\'-Butyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)-4-(p-bromophenylsulfo nylethoxy)-3-methoxyphenyl]- 2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

4-[5-(N\'-Butyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)-4-(2-bromophenylsulfo nylethoxy)-3-methoxyphenyl]- 2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

4-[5-(N\'-Hydroxy-N\'-methylureidyl)-4-(p-bromophenylthio ethoxy)-3-methoxyphenyl]- 2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

4-[5-(N\'-Hydroxy-N\'-methylureidyl)-4-(2-bromophenylthio ethoxy)-3-methoxyphenyl]- 2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

4-[5-(N\'-Hydroxy-N\'-methylureidyl)-4-(3-bromophenylthio ethoxy)-3-methoxyphenyl]- 2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

4-[5-(N\'-Hydroxy-N\'-methylureidyl)-4-(3,4-dichlorophenylth ioethoxy)-3-methoxyphenyl]- 2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

4-[5-(N\'-Hydroxy-N\'-methylureidyl)-4-(p-chlorophenylthi oethoxy)-3-methoxyphenyl]- 2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

4-[5-(N\'-Ethyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)-4-(p-fluorophenylthio ethoxy)-3-methoxyphenyl]- 2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

4-[5-(N\'-Ethyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)-4-(2,3,5,6-tetrafluor ophenylthioethoxy)-3- methoxyphenyl]-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)- tetrahydrofuran

4-[5-(N\'-Ethyl-N ^, -hydroxyureidyl)-4-(2,3,4,5-tetrafluorophenylethoxy)-3 -methoxyphenyl]- 2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

4-[5-(N\'-Ethyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)-4-(p-bromophenylsulfo nylethoxy)-3-methoxyphenyl]- 2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

4-[5-(N\'-p-Chlorophenyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)-4-(2-bromoph enylsulfonylethoxy)-3- methoxyphenyl]-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)- tetrahydrofuran

4-[5-(N\'-p-Chlorophenyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)-4-(p-bromoph enylthioethoxy)-3- methoxyphenyl]-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

4-[5-(N\'-tert-Butyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)-4-(p-bromophenyl thioethoxy)-3-methoxyphenyl]- 2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

4-[5-(N\'-tert-Butyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)-4-(2-bromophenyl thioethoxy)-3-methoxyphenyl]- 2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

4-[5-(N\'-tert-Butyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)-4-(3-bromophenyl thioethoxy)-3-methoxyphenyl]- 2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

4-[5-(N\'-Cyclohexyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)-4-(3,4-dichlorophen ylthioethoxy)-3- methoxyphenyl]-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

4-[5-(N\'-Cyclohexyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)-4-(p-chloropheny lthioethoxy)-3-methoxyphenyl]- 2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

4-[5-(N\'-Cyclohexyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)-4-(p-fluoropheny lthioethoxy)-3-methoxyphenyl]- 2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

4-[5-(N\'-Benzyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)-4-(2,3,5,6-tetrafluo rophenylthioethoxy)-3- methoxyphenyl]-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

4-[5-(N\'-Benzyl-N ^, -hydroxyureidyl)-4-(2,3,4,5-tetrafluorophenylethoxy)-3 - methoxyphenyl]-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

4-[5-(N\'-Benzyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)-4-(p-bromophenylsulf onylethoxy)-3-methoxyphenyl]- 2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

4-[5-(N\'-Benzyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)-4-(2-bromophenylsulf onylethoxy)-3-methoxyphenyl]- 2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

4-[5-(N\'-Hydroxy-N\'- -propylureidyl)-4-(p-bromophenylthioethoxy)-3-methoxyphenyl] - 2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

4-[5-(N\'--yec-Butyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)-4-(p-bromophenyl thioethoxy)-3-methoxyphenyl]- 2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

4-[5-(N\'-5ec-Butyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)-4-(2-bromophenylt hioethoxy)-3-methoxyphenyl]- 2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

4-[5-(N\'-Hydroxy-N\'-propylureidyl)-4-(3-bromophenylthio ethoxy)-3-methoxyphenyl]- 2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

4-[5-(N\'-Hydroxy-N\'-n-pentylureidyl)-4-(3,4-dichlorophenyl thioethoxy)-3- methoxyphenyl]-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

4-[5-(N\'-Hexyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)-4-(p-chlorophenylthio ethoxy)-3-methoxyphenyl]- 2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

4-[5-(N\'-Hydroxy-N\'-octylureidyl)-4-(p-fluorophenylthio ethoxy)-3-methoxyphenyl]- 2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

4-[5-(N\'-Hydroxy-N\'-methoxyethylureidyl)-4-(2,3,5,6-tet rafluorophenylthioethoxy)- 3-methoxyphenyl]-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

4-[5-(N\'-Decyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)-4-(2,3,4,5-tetrafluor ophenylethoxy)-3-methoxyphenyl]- 2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

4-[5-(N\'-Hydroxy-N\'-methylureidylmethyl)-4-(p-chlorophe nylthioethoxy)-3- methoxyphenyl]-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

4-[5-(N\'-Hydroxy-N\'- -propylureidylmethyl)-4-(p-chlorophenylthioethoxy)-3- methoxyphenyl]-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

4-[5-(N\'-Butyl-N\'-hydroxyureidylmethyl)-4-(p-chlorophen ylthioethoxy)-3-methoxyphenyl]- 2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

4-[5-(N\'-Hydroxy-N\'-propylureidylmethyl)-4-(p-chlorophe nylthioethoxy)-3- methoxyphenyl]-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

4-[5-(N\'-Ethyl-N\'-hydroxyureidylmethyl)-4-(p-chlorophen ylthioethoxy)-3-methoxyphenyl]- 2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

4-[5-(N\'-Hydroxy-N ^, -octylureidylmethyl)-4-(p-chlorophenylthioethoxy)-3-me thoxyphenyl]- 2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

4-[5-(N\'-Benzyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)-4-(p-bromophenylsulfony lethoxy)-3-methoxyphenyl]- 2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

4-[5-(N\'-Benzyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)-4-(2-bromophenylsulf onylethoxy)-3-methoxyphenyl]- 2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

4-[5-(N\'-Hydroxy-N ^, -z ^\' -propylureidyl)-4-(p-bromophenylthioethoxy)-3-methoxyp henyl]- 2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

4-[5-(N\'-Hydroxy-N\'-octylureidyl)-4-(p-fluorophenylthio ethoxy)-3-methoxyphenyl]- 2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

4-[5-(N\'-Butyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)-4-(p-bromophenylthioe thoxy)-3-methoxyphenyl]- 2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

4-[5-(N\'-Butyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)-4-(2-bromophenylthioe thoxy)-3-methoxyphenyl]- 2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

4-[5-(N\'-Butyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)-4-(3-bromophenylthioe thoxy)-3-methoxyphenyl]- 2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

4-[5-(N\'-Hydroxy-N\'-methylureidylmethyl)-4-(p-chlorophe nylthioethoxy)-3- methoxyphenyl]-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

4-[5-(N\'-Hydroxy-N\'-i-propylureidylmethyl)-4-(p-chlorop henylthioethoxy)-3- methoxyphenyl]-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

4-[5-(N\'-Butyl-N\'-hydroxyureidylmethyl)-4-(p-chlorophen ylthioethoxy)-3-methoxyphenyl]- 2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

Triple Bonded Hydroxamates:

4-[5-[l-(N-Acetyl-N-hydroxyamino)propyn-3-yl]-3-methoxy-4 -propoxyphenyl]-2-

methoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran.

4-[5-[l-(N-Hydroxy-N-propanoylamino)propyn-3-yl]-3-methox y-4- propoxyphenyl]-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran.

4-[5-[l-(N-Butanoyl-N-hydroxyamino)propyn-3-yl]-3-methoxy -4-propoxyphenyl]-2- (3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran.

4-[5-[ l-(N-Hydroxy-N-i- propanoylamino)propyn-3-yl] -3-methoxy-4-propoxyphenyl]-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetra hydrofuran.

4-[5-[l-(N-Cyclohexanecarbonyl-N-hydroxyamino)propyn-3-yl ]-3- methoxy-4-propoxyphenyl]-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahyd rofuran

4-[5- [ 1 -(N-Benzoyl-N-hydroxylamino)propyn-3-yl]-3-methoxy-4-propoxy phenyl]-2- (3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran.

4-[5-[ 1 -(N-Hydroxy-N-3-phenoxyoxybenzoylamino)propyn-3-yl]-3- methoxy-4-propoxyphenyl]-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)- tetrahydrofuran.

4-[5-[l-(N-Hydroxy-N-4-methoxybenzoylamino)propyn-3-yl]-3 -methoxy- 4-propoxyphenyl]-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran.

4-[5-[l-(N-3-Benzoyl-N-hydroxyamino)propyn-3-yl]-3-methox y-4- propoxyphenyl]-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran.

4-[5-[l-(N-Hydroxy-N-4-hydroxybenzoylamino)propyn-3-yl]-3 -methoxy- 4-propoxyphenyl]-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran.

4-[5-[l-(N-Acetyl-N-hydroxyamino)propyn-3-yl]-4-(p-bromophen ylthioethoxy)-3- methoxyphenyl]-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

4- [5- [ 1 - (N-Hydroxy-N-propanoylamino)propyn-3-yl] -4-(p-chlorophenylthioethoxy )- 3-methoxyphenyl]-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

4-[5-[l-(N-Butanoyl-N-hydroxyamino)propyn-3-yl]-4-(3,4-di chlorophenylthioethoxy)- 3-methoxyphenyl]-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

4-[5-[l-(N-Hydroxy-N-cyclohexanecarbonylamino)propyn-3-yl ]-4-(p-fluorophenylthioethoxy)- 3-methoxyphenyl]-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

4-[5-[l-(N-Hydroxy-N-phenoxybenzoylamino)propyn-3-yl]-4-( 2,3,5,6-tetrafluorophenylthioeth 3-methoxyphenyl]-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

4-[5-[l-(N-Hydroxy-N-methoxybenzoylamino)propyn-3-yl]-4-( 2-bromophenylthioethoxy)- 3-methoxyphenyl]-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

4-[5-[l-(N-Hydroxy-N-hydroxybenzoylamino)propyn-3-yl]-4-( p-chlorophenylthioethoxy)- 3-methoxyphenyl]-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

Triple Bonded Ureas:

4-[5-[l-(N\'-Hydroxy-N\'-methylureidyl)propyn-3-yl]-3-met hoxy-4-propoxyphenyl]- 2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran.

4-[5-[l-(N\'-Ethyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)propyn-3-yl]-3-meth oxy-4-propoxyphenyl]- 2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran.

4-[5-[l-(N\'-Hydroxy-N\'-propylureidyl)propyn-3-yl]-3-met hoxy-4-propoxyphenyl]- 2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran.

4-[5-[l(N\'-n-Butyl-N ^\' -hydroxyureidyl)propyn-3-yl]-3-methoxy-4-propoxyphenyl ]- 2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran.

4-[5-[l-(N\'-Hydroxy-N\'-i-propylureidyl)propyn-3-yl]-3-meth oxy-4-propoxyphenyl]- 2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran.

4-[5-[l-(N\'-t-Butyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)propyn-3-yl]-3-me thoxy-4-propoxyphenyl]-2- (3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran.

4-[5-[l-(N\'-Benzyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)propyn-3-yl]-3-met hoxy-4-propoxyphenyl]- 2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran.

4-[5-[l-(N\'-Cyclopropylmethyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)propyn- 3-yl]-3- methoxy-4-propoxyphenyl]-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahyd rofuran.

4-[5-[l-(N\'-Allyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)propyn-3-yl]-3-meth oxy-4-propoxyphenyl]-2- (3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran.

4-[5-[l-(N\'-Hydroxy-N\'-hydroxyethylureidyl)propyn-3-yl] -3-methoxy-4- propoxyphenyl]-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran.

4-[5-[l-(N\'-Hydroxy-N\'-methylureidyl)propyn-3-yl]-4-(p- chlorophenylthioethoxy)- 3-methoxyphenyl]-2-(3,4,5-fιimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

4-[5-[l-(N\'-Ethyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)propyn-3-yl]-4-(p-c hlorophenylthioethoxy)-3- methoxyphenyl]-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

4-[5-[l-(N\'-Hydroxy-N\'-propylureidyl)propyn-3-yl]-4-(p- chlorophenylthioethoxy)-3- methoxyphenyl]-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

4-[5-[l-(N\'-n-Butyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)propyn-3-yl]-4-(p -chlorophenylthioethoxy)- 3-methoxyphenyl]-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

4-[5-[l-(N\'-Hydroxy-N\'- -propylureidyl)propyn-3-yl]-4-(p-chlorophenylthioethoxy)- 3-methoxyphenyl]-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

4-[5-[l-(N\'-tert-Butyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)propyn-3-yl]-4-(p -chlorophenylthioethoxy)- 3-methoxyphenyl]-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

4-[5-[l-(N\'-Benzyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)propyn-3-yl]-4-(p- chlorophenylthioethoxy)-3- methoxyphenyl]-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

4-[5-[l-(N\'-Cyclopropylmethyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)propyn- 3-yl]-4-(p-chlorophenylthioethoxy)- 3-methoxyphenyl]-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

4-[5-[l-(N\'-Allyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)propyn-3-yl]-4-(p-c hlorophenylthioethoxy)-3- methoxyphenyl]-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

4-[5-[l-(N\'-Hydroxy-N\'-hydroxyethylureidyl)propyn-3-yl] -4-(p-chlorophenylthioethoxy)- 3-methoxyphenyl]-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

Double Bonded Hydroxamates: Both Cis and Trans Isomers at the Tetrahydrofuran Ring.

4-[5-[trans- 1 -(N- Acetyl-N-hydroxyamino)propen-3-yl]-3-methoxy-4- propoxyphenyl] -2- (3 ,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)- tetrahydrofuran.

4-[5- [trans- 1 -(N-Hydroxy-N-propanoylamino)propen-3-yl]-3-methoxy-4- propoxyphenyl]-2-(3,4,5-trimet_hoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran.

4-[5-[trαn-_:-l-(N-Butyl-N-hydroxyamino)propen-3-yl]-3-m ethoxy-4- propoxyphenyl]-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran.

4-[5-[trα/w-l-(N-hydroxy-N-nicotinoylamino)propen-3-yl]- 3-methoxy-4- propoxyphenyl]-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran.

4-[5-[trαn^-l-(N-Hydroxy-N-phenylacetylamino)propen-3-yl ]-3-methoxy-4- propoxyphenyl] -2- (3 ,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)- tetrahydrofuran.

4-[5-/trαrcs-l-(N-Hydroxy-N-3-phenoxybenzoylamino)propen -3-yl]-3- methoxy-4-propoxy

phenyl]-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran.

4-[5-[tra w-l-(N-3-Chlorobenzoyl-N-hydroxyamino)propen-3-yl]-3- methoxy-4-propoxyphenyl]-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahyd rofuran.

4-[5-[trα/w-l-(N-3-Chlorobenzoyl-N-hydroxyamino)propen-3 -yl]-3- methoxy-4-propoxyphenyl]-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)- tetrahydrofuran.

4-[5-[trαn-y-l-(N-2,4-Difluorobenzoyl-N-hydroxyamino)pro pen-3-yl]-3- methoxy-4-propoxyphenyl]-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)- tetrahydrofuran.

4-[5-[trans-l-(N-Hydroxy-N-3,4-me ylenedioxybenzoylamino)propen-3- yl]-3-methoxy-4-pro poxyphenyl]-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran.

and also the corresponding saturated hydroxamates, e.g., 4-[5-[l-(-N-Hydroxy N-3,4-methylenedioxybenzoyl-N-hydroxyamino)propyl]-3-methoxy -4- propoxyphenyl]-2-(3,4,5- trimethoxyphenyl) tetrahydrofuran.

4-[5-[tr n5-l-(N-Acetyl-N-hydroxyamino)propen-3-yl]-4-(p-bromophenylt hioethoxy)- 3-methoxyphenyl]-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

4-[5-[trawj-l-(N-Hydroxy-N-propanoylamino)propen-3-yl]-4- (p-chlorophenylthioethoxy)- 3-methoxyphenyl]-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

4-[5-[trαπ5-l-(N-Butanoyl-N-hydroxyamino)propen-3-yl]-4 -(3,4-dichlorophenylthioethoxy)- 3-methoxyphenyl]-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

4-[5-[tr n5-l-(N-Hydroxy-N-cyclohexanecarbonylamino)propen-3-yl]-4-(p - fluorophenylthioethoxy)-3-methoxyphenyl]-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxy phenyl)- tetrahydrofuran

4-[5-[trαns-l-(N-Hydroxy-N-phenoxybenzoylamino)propen-3-yl] -4-(2,3,5,6- tetrafluorophenylthioethoxy)-3-methoxyphenyl]-2-(3,4,5-trime thoxyphenyl)- tetrahydrofuran

4-[5-[trαn5-l-(N-Hydroxy-N-methoxybenzoylamino)propen-3- yl]-4-(2-bromophenylthioethoxy) 3-methoxyphenyl]-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

4-[5-[tr /w-l-(N-Hydroxy-N-hydroxybenzoylamino)propen-3-yl]-4-(p-chlo rophenylthioethoxy)- 3-methoxyphenyl]-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

Double Bonded Ureas: Both Cis and Trans Isomers at the Tetrahydrofuran Ring.

4-[5-[trfln-.-l-(N\'-Hydroxy-N\'-methylureidyl)propen-3-y l]-3-methoxy-4- propoxyphenyl]-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)- tetrahydrofuran.

4-[5-[trα«5-l-(N\'-Ethyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)propen-3-yl ]-3-methoxy-4- propoxyphenyl]-2-(3,4,5- trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran.

4-[5-[trα/-_y-l-(N\'-Hydroxy-N\'-propylureidyl)propen-3- yl]-3-methoxy-4- propoxyphenyl]-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)- tetrahydrofuran.

4-[5-[trαws-l-(N\'-Butyl-N ^, -hydroxyureidyl)propen-3-yl]-3-methoxy-4- propoxyphenyl] -2-(3,4,5- trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran.

)

4-[5-[tra/i5-l-(N\'-Hydroxy-N\'-i-propylureidyl)propen-3- yl]-3-methoxy-4- propoxyphenyl] -2-

(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran.

4-[5-[trαns-l-(N\'-t-Butyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)propen-3-y l]-3-methoxy-4- propoxyphenyl]-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran.

4-[5-/ ^" trα/ι-?-l-(N\'-Benzyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)propen-3-yl ]-N-3-methoxy-4- propoxyphenyl]-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran.

4-[5-[trfln-y-l-(N\'-Allyl-N ^, -hydroxyureidyl)propen-3-yl]-3-methoxy-4- propoxyphenyl]-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran.

4-[5-[trαws-l-(N\'-Cyclohexyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)propen- 3-yl]-3-methoxy- 4-propoxyphenyl-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran.

4-[5-[trfln5-l-(N\'-Hydroxy-N\'-methylthioethylureidyl)pr open-3-yl]-3- methoxy-4-propoxyphenyl]-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahyd rofuran.

4-[5-[trα/--y-l-(N\'-Cyclohexyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)propen-3 -yl]-3-methoxy- 4-propoxy]-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran.

and also the corresponding saturated ureas, e.g.,

4-[5-[l(N\'-Cyclohexyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)propyl]-3-metho xy-4-propoxyphenyl]-2-

(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran.

4-[5-[trαn-y-l-(N\'-Hydroxy-N\'-methylureidyl)propen-3-y l]-4-(p-chlorophenylthioethoxy)- 3-methoxyphenyl]-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

4-[5-[trfl/u-l-(N\'-Ethyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)propen-3-yl] -4-(p-chlorophenylthioethoxy)- 3-methoxyphenyl]-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

4-[5-[trfln-y-l-(N\'-Hydroxy-N\'-propylureidyl)propen-3-y l]-4-(p-chlorophenylthioethoxy)- 3-methoxyphenyl]-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

-[5-[tran5-l-(N\'-/i-Butyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)propen-3-yl ]-4-(p-chlorophenylthioethoxy)- 3-methoxyphenyl]-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

4-[5-[tr /w-l-(N\'-Hydroxy-N\'- -propylureidyl)propen-3-yl]-4-(p-chlorophenylthioethoxy)- 3-methoxyphenyl]-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

-[5-[trα/z5-l-(N\'-tert-Butyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)propen- 3-yl]-4-(p-chlorophenylthioethoxy)- 3-methoxyphenyl]-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

-[5-[trαn-y-l-(N\'-Benzyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)propen-3-yl ]-4-(p-chlorophenylthioethoxy)- 3-methoxyphenyl]-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

4-[5-[tr n5-l-(N\'-Cyclopropyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)propen-3-yl]-4-(p-c hlorophenylthioethoxy)- 3-methoxyphenyl]-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

4-[5-[tr π5-l-(N\'-Allyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)propen-3-yl]-4-(p-chloro phenylthioethoxy)- 3-methoxyphenyl]-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

4-[5-[tran _l ?-l-(N\'-Hydroxy-N\'-hydroxyethylureidyl)propen-3-yl]- 4-(p-chlorophenylthioethoxy)- 3-methoxyphenyl]-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

Formula UI Cis and Trans Isomers of the Following Compounds:

2-(3-Methoxy-4-methoxyethoxy-5-N-methylaminophenyl)-5-(3, 4,5- trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrothiophene.

2-(3-Methoxy-4-methoxyethoxy-5-N-ethylaminophenyl)-5-(3,4 ,5- trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrothiophene.

2-(3-Methoxy-4-methoxyethoxy-5-N,N-dipropylaminophenyl)-5 -(3,4,5- trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrothiophene.

2-(3-Methoxy-4-methylthioethoxy-5-N-methylaminophenyl)-5- (3,4,5- trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran.

2-(4-p -Hydroxyphenylthioethoxy-3-methoxy-5- N-methylaminophenyl)-5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofu ran.

2- [3-Methoxy-4-methoxyethoxy-5-( 1 -pyrrolidinyl) phenyl]-5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrothiophene.

2-(3-Methoxy-4-methoxyethoxy-5-N, N-diethylaminophenyl)-5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrot hiophene.

2-[4-p-Cyanophenylthioethoxy-3-methoxy-5-( 1 -pyiTolidinyl) phenyl]-5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran.

2-(3-Methoxy-4-p-methoxyphenylthioethoxy-5-N, N-dimethylaminophenyl)-5- (3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran.

2-(3-Methoxy-4-p-cyanophenylthioethoxy-5-N, N-diethylaminophenyl)- 5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)- tetrahydrothiophene.

2-(4-p-Hydroxyphenylthioethoxy-3-methoxy-5-N-methylaminop henyl)-5-

(3,4,5-trimethoxy phenyl)-tetrahydrothiophene.

2-(4-p-Cyanophenylthioethoxy-3-methoxy-5-N, N-dimethylaminophenyl)- 5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)- tetrahydrothiophene.

2-[3-Methoxy-4-p-methoxyphenylthioethoxy-5-(4-moφholinyl ) phenyl]- 5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrothiophene.

2-(3-Methoxy-4-p-methoxyphenylthioethoxy-5-N, N-dimethylaminophenyl)- 5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrothiophene.

2-(4-p-Cyanophenylthioethoxy-3-methoxy-5-N-methylaminophe nyl)-5-(3,4, 5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran.

2-(4-p-Cyanophenylthioethoxy-3-methoxy-5-N-methylaminophe nyl)-5-(3,4, 5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrothiophene.

2- [4-p-Cy anophenylthioethoxy- 3-methoxy-5-(4-moφholinyl) phenyl]-5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran.

2-(3-Methoxy-4-methoxyethoxy-5-N, N-dibutylammophenyl)-5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydroth iophene.

2-(3-Methoxy-4-methylthioethoxy-5-N-methylaminophenyl)-5- (3,4,5- trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrothiophene.

2-(3-Methoxy-4-p-chlorophenylthioethoxy-5-N-methylaminoph enyl)-5-(3,4,5- trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

2-(3-Methoxy-4-p-chlorophenylthioethoxy-5-N-ethylaminophenyl )-5-(3,4,5- trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

2-(3-Methoxy-4-p-chlorophenylthioethoxy-5-N,N-dipropylami nophenyl)-5-(3,4,5- trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

2-(3-Methoxy-4-p-bromophenylthioethoxy-5-N,N-dipropylamin ophenyl)-5-(3,4,5- trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

2-(3-Methoxy-4-3,4-dichlorophenylthioethoxy-5-N,N-dipropy laminophenyl)-5- (3,4,5-uimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

2-(3-Methoxy-4-p-fluorophenylthioethoxy-5-N,N-dipropylami nophenyl)-5-(3,4,5- uimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

2-[3-Methoxy-4-(2,3,5,6-tetrafluorophenylthioethoxy)-5-N, N-dipropylaminophenyl]- 5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

2-[3-Methoxy-4-(2-bromophenylthioethoxy)-5-N,N-dipropylam inophenyl]-5-(3,4,5- trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

2-[3-Methoxy-4-p-chlorophenylthioethoxy-5-(l-pyrrolidinyl )phenyl]-5-(3,4,5- trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

2-(3-Methoxy-4-p-chlorophenylthioethoxy-5-N,N-diethylamin ophenyl)-5-(3,4,5- trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

2-[3-Methoxy-4-p-chlorophenylthioethoxy-5-(4-moφholinyl) phenyl]-5-(3,4,5- trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

2-(3-Methoxy-4-p-chlorophenylthioethoxy-5-N,N-dibutylamin ophenyl)-5-(3,4,5- trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran

B. Stereochemistry

The 2,5-diaryl tetrahydrofurans, tetrahydrothiophenes, and pyrrolidines, 1,3- cyclopentanes, and the 2,4-diaryl tetrahydrofurans, tetrahydrothiophenes, and pyrrolidines disclosed herein exhibit a number of stereochemical configurations. Carbon atoms 2 and 5 (or 2 and 4, in the compounds of Formula II) in the center ring are chiral, and thus the center ring exists at a minimum as a diastereomeric pair. Each diastereomer exists as a set of enantiomers. Therefore, based on the chiral C ₂ and C ₅ (or C ₂ and C ₄ , in Formula II) atoms alone, the compound is a mixture of four enantiomers.

If nonhydrogen substituents are located on carbon atoms 3 and 4 in the center ring, (or carbon atoms 3 and 5, in Formula π compounds) then the C ₃ and C ₄ atoms are also chiral, and can also exist as a diastereomeric pair, that is also a mixture of four enantiomers.

The R groups in the active compounds described herein can likewise include chiral carbons, and thus, optically active centers.

It is sometimes found that one or more enantiomers of a biologically active compound is more active, and perhaps less toxic, than other enantiomers of the same compound. Such enantiomerically enriched compounds are often preferred for pharmaceutical administration to humans. For example, it has been discovered that trαns-2,5-diaryl tetrahydrothiophene and trαn.s-2,5-diaryl tetrahydrofuran are often more active PAF receptor antagonists than their cis counteφarts.

One of ordinary skill in the art can easily synthesize and separate the enantiomers of the disclosed compounds using chiral reagents and known procedures, and can evaluate the biological activity of the isolated enantiomer using methods disclosed herein or otherwise known. Through the use of chiral NMR shift reagents, polarimetry, or chiral HPLC, the optical enrichment of the compound can be determined.

Classical methods of resolution include a variety of physical and chemical techniques. Often the simplest and most efficient technique is repeated recrystallization. Recrystallization can be performed at any stage in the preparation of the compound, or the final enantiomeric product. If successful, this simple approach represents a method of choice.

When recrystallization fails to provide material of acceptable optical purity, other methods can be evaluated. If the compound is basic, one can use chiral acids that form diastereomeric derivatives that may possess significantly different solubility properties. Nonlimiting examples of chiral acids include malic acid, mandelic acid, dibenzoyl tartaric acid, 3-bromocamphor-8-sulfonic acid, 10-camphorsulfonic acid, and di-p-toluoyltartaric acid. Similarly, acylation of a free hydroxyl group with a chiral acid also results in the formation of diastereomeric derivatives whose physical properties may differ sufficientiy to permit separation. Enantiomerically pure or enriched compounds can be obtained by passing the racemic mixture through a chromatographic column that has been designed for chiral separations, including cyclodextrin bonded columns marketed by Rainin Coφoration.

A variety of chemical reagents and experimental procedures have been developed in recent years to produce enantiomerically pure or enriched products. For example, individual 2S,5S or 2R,5R enantiomers of 2,5-diaryl tetrahydrofurans can be prepared by the method described by Corey et al (Corey, E.J. et al., Tetrahedron £Hsrs22, 2899 (1988)).

C . Syntheses of Active Compounds

The 2,5-diaryl tetrahydrofurans and tetrahydrothiophenes disclosed herein can be prepared in a variety of ways known to those skilled in the art, including by methods disclosed in or obvious in view of methods disclosed in U.S. Patent Nos. 4,539,332, 4,757,084, 4,996,203 and 5,001,123, and European Patent Application Nos. 90306234.7, 90306235.4, and 89202593.3.

1,3-Diaryl cyclopentanes can be prepared using the procedure of Graham, et al. (1.3-Diaryl Cyclopentanes: A New Class of Potent PAF Receptor Antagonists. 197ώ ACS National Meeting, Dallas, Texas, April 9-14, 1989, Division of Medicinal Chemistry, poster no. 25 (abstract)), or by other known methods.

2,5-Diaryl pyrrolidines can be prepared by methods known to those skilled in the art, including that described by Boekvall, et al. (1. Org. Chem. >, 826 (1990)).

2,4-Diaryl tetrahydrofurans and tetrahydrothiophenes and 2,4-diaryl pyrrolidines can also be prepared by adaptations of methods described herein, or by other known methods.

A general procedure for preparing a hydroxyurea is:

_R -NH ₂ " ^hos g ^ene » _R - _N=c= O ^R \'^ ^{0H HC1} ^

HO

_R| ^N _γ NH-R

O

wherein R is a 2,5-diaryl tetrahydrothiophene, tetrahydrofuran, or pyrrolidine; 1,3-diaryl cyclopentane; or 2,4-diaryl tetrahydrothiophene, tetrahydrofuran or pyrrolidine; with or without a linking moiety, and R\' is a moiety, and R\' is a moiety as defined in detail above.

General procedures for preparing reverse hydroxyureas are:

HO I

^Zn ^.O - - ._, R\'NCO

1. R-NO ₂ -^ - R-NHOH ^{R NCQ} » R^ ^N _V ^NH - ^R \'

5% Rh C, N ₂ H ₄ O

O

^{R N Q} » ^S ^NHR\'

R^CH ₃

A general procedure for preparing a hydroxamic acid is:

R-CO ₂ H ^{oxalyl chlorid} l R-COC1 ^R/ H( ^Q H ^)» HC1

A general procedure for preparing a reverse hydroxamic acid is:

A general procedure for preparing amidohydroxyurea moieties is:

Oxalkanes and thioalkanes can be prepared as described by Crawley, et al., L, Med. Chem..21, 2600-2609 (1992), and illustrated below, by conversion of the desired moiety into a Grignard reagent or lithium salt, followed by reaction with the appropriate cyclic ketone.

( H2) _n π-BuLi >

Ar-Br ^ _Ar . _Li ⁽ αw

RCH ₂ Mgl Mg

RGH ₂ I

Quinolylmethoxy moieties can be prepared as described by Musser, et al., £. Med. Chem..21, 2501-2524 (1992), and references cited therein, as illustrated below.

R" is H or ester

Methods for preparing the disclosed compounds are described in detail in the working examples below. These examples are merely illustrative, and not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

Example 1: Preparation of trαns-2-(3,4-dimethoxy-5- aminoethylthiophenyl)-5-(3,4,5- trimethoxypheny -tetrahydrothiophene (1, Figure 2)

N,N-Dibenzyloxycarbonyl cystamine (compound 101, Figure 1).

Cystamine dichloride (18 g, 79.93 mmole) was dissolved in 180 mL of 2N NaOH (14.4 g, 360 mmole). To this solution was added benzyl chloroformate (29.72 g, 174.21 mmole) dropwise at 0°C. A precipitate formed, and the mixture was stirred for 2 hours at 0°C. The precipitate was collected, washed with water and methanol and recrystallized from CHCl ₃ -CH ₃ OH to obtain a white crystalline solid (30.1 g, 89.6%). iH NMR (CDC1 ₃ : 2.78 (t, 4H), 3.48 (q, 4H); 5.10 (s, 4H); 5.24 (bs, 2H); 7.34 (s, 10H).

3,4-Dimethoxy-5-iodo-benzaldehyde (compound 102, Figure 1). A mixture of 5-iodovanillin (7 g, 25.18 mmole), potassium carbonate (8.78 g, 63.53 mmole) and iodomethane (6.43 g, 45.30 mmole) was suspended in 60 mL of DMF and stirred at room temperature for 14 hours. The reaction mixture was quenched with water and extracted with diethyl ether. The organic layer was dried over MgSO ₄ , filtered and evaporated in vacuo to obtain a solid which was recrystallized from hexane/ethyl acetate (2:1) (6.28 g, 85.4%).

3,4-Dimethoxy-5-N-benzyloxycarbonylethylthiobenzaldehyde (compound 103, Figure 1). A suspension of

3,4-dimethoxy-5-iodo-benzaldehyde (6.18 g, 21.16 mmole) and copper (11.55 g, 181.74 mmole) in 50 mL of DMF was heated at 140°C for 2 hours and N,N-dibenzyloxycarbonyl cystamine (14.19 g, 33.78 mmole) was added. The solution was heated at 140°C for 40 hours, filtered and the residue washed with ethyl acetate. The combined filtrate was evaporated to leave a solid which was recrystallized from ethyl acetate and hexane (7.05 g, 88.5%).

3-(N,N-Dimethylamino)-l-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-l-propanone (compound 104, Figure 1). 3,4,5-Trimethoxyacetophenone (50 g, 237.8 mmole), paraformaldehyde (9.75 g, 304.7 mmole), dimethylamine hydrochioride (26.42 g, 324.0 mmole) and 5 mL cone. HC1 were dissolved in 200 mL absolute ethanol and refluxed for 10 hours. Additional dimethylamine hydrochioride (13.21 g, 162.0 mmole) and paraformaldehyde (9.75 g, 304.7 mmole) were added and the solution returned to reflux. After 54 hours (total reaction time), 80 mL of 10% HC1 and 500 mL of water were added and the solution was extracted with ethyl ether. The acidic aqueous layer was adjusted to pH 10 with 10% NaOH. The basic solution was extracted with ethyl acetate, dried over MgSO ₄ , filtered and evaporated in vacuo to provide 57.5 g of a yellow oil (92%). iH NMR (CDC1 ₃ ): 2.30 (s, 6H); 2.74 (t, 2H); 3.11 (t, 2H); 3.91 (s, 9H); 7.23 (s, IH); 7.32 (s, IH).

3-(N,N,N-TrimethyIamino-l-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-l-prop anone iodide (compound 105, Figure 1).

3-(N,N-Dimethylamino-l-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-l-propano ne (57 g, 213.5 mmole) was dissolved in 200 mL of anhydrous diethyl ether. To this solution was added methyl iodide (57.6 g, 405.7 mmole). A white precipitate formed immediately, and the reaction stirred at room temperature for an additional 2 hours. The product was isolated by suction filtration (83.8 g, 96%).

3,4,5-Trimethoxyphenylvinylketone (compound 106, Figure 1).

3-(N,N,N-Trimethylamino-l-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)- 1-propanone iodide (30 g, 73.3 mmole) and potassium carbonate (16.0 g, 115.9 mmole) were suspended in acetone (500 mL). The solution was stirred overnight at room temperature and then heated at reflux for 5 hours. The solution was then filtered, and evaporated to an oil which was purified by flash column chromatography using 1:1 hexane/ethyl acetate as solvent (9.2 g, 56.4%). iH NMR (CDC1 ₃ ): 3.92 (s, 9H); 5.92 (d, IH); 6.44 (d, IH); 7.12 (m, IH); 7.22 (s, 2H).

l-(3,4-Dimethoxy-5-N-benzyloxycarbonylethylthiophenyl)-4- (3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-l,4-butanedione (compound 107, Figure 2).

Freshly prepared 3,4,5-trimethoxyphenylvinylketone (8.46 g, 38.11 mmole), 3,4-dimethoxy-5-N-benzyloxycarbonylethylthiobenzaldehyde (7.05 g, 18.8 mmole),

3-benzyl-5-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4-methyl-thiazolium chloride (2.0 g, 7.41 mmole) and 32 ml of trimethylamine were stirred at 65°C overnight. The reaction was quenched with water, acidified with 10% HCl and extracted with chloroform. The organic layer was washed with saturated aqueous sodium chloride, dried over MgSO ₄ , filtered and evaporated in vacuo to an oil that was purified by flashcolumn chromatography using 1:1 hexane/ethyl acetate as eluent (8.36 g, 76.7%). Η NMR (CDC1 ₃ ): 3.10 (t, 2H); 3.45 (m, 6H); 3.90 (s, 3H); 3.93 (s, 9H); 3.94 (s, 3H); 5.08 (s, 2H); 5.30 (bt, IH); 7.29 (s, 2H); 7.33 (s, 5H); 7.46 (d, IH); 7.72 (d, IH).

l-(3,4-DimethoxyphenyI-5-N-benzyloxy carbonylethylthiophenyl)-4-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)- 1,4-butanedioI (compound 109, Figure 2). l-(3,4-Dimethoxy-5-N-benzyloxycarbonylethylthiophenyl)-4-(3, 4,5- trimethoxyphenyl)-l,4-butanedione (2.26 g, 5.16 mmole) was dissolved in 23 mL of THF and the solution was diluted with 36 mL of methanol. To this solution was added sodium borohydride (264.9 mg, 9.29 mmole) in 10 mL of water dropwise, and the solution stirred at room temperature for 2.5 hours. The reaction mixture was then cooled, quenched with water, and extracted with chloroform. The organic layer was dried over MgSO ₄ , filtered and evaporated in vacuo to provide 2.21 g of diol (97.6%).

2-(3,4-Dimethoxy-5-N-benzyloxycarbonyl ethylthiophenyl)-5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl) tetrahydrothiophene (compound 111, Figure 2). l-(3,4-Dimethoxy-5-N- benzyloxycarbonylethylthiophenyl)-4-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl) -l,4-butanediol (2.66 g, 4.547 mmole) and 2.6 g of P4S ₁ 0 were dissolved in 30 mL pyridine and heated at 90°C for 16 hours. The solvent was removed by distillation in vacuo and the residue was acidified with 10% HCl and extracted with dichloromethane. The organic layer was washed with 10% HCl, water and saturated aqueous sodium chloride, dried over MgSO ₄ , filtered and evaporated to give a gummy residue that was purified by flash column chromatography using 2:1 hexane/ethyl acetate as solvent and then by HPLC using hexane and ethyl acetate as solvent.

trflrt-j-2-(3,4-Dimethoxy-5-N-aminoethyl thiophenyl)-5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrothiophene (compound 1, Figure 2). Compound 1 is prepared from 2-(3,4-dimethoxy-5-N-benzyloxycarbonylethylthiophenyl)-5-(3, 4,5- trimethoxyphenyl)tetrahydrothiophene by treatment with KOH (5 equivalents) in ethylene glycol at 100°C for 24 hours. The mixture is quenched with water and extracted with an organic solvent. The organic layer is dried, and evaporated to leave a solid that is purified by chromatography.

Example 2: Preparation of trαw_.-2-(3,4-Dimethoxy-5- aminoethylsulfonylphenyl)-5- (3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)tetrahydrothiophene (compound 2, Figure 2)

l-(3,4-Dimethoxy-5-N-benzyloxycarbonyl ethylsulfonylphenyl)-4-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyI)-l,4-butanedi one (Compound 108, Figure 3). A solution of magnesium monoperoxyphthalic acid (MMPP, 5.98 g, 9.68 mmole) in water (15 mL) was added to a solution of 1 -(3 ,4-dimethoxy-5-N-benzyloxycarbonylethylthiophenyl)- 4-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-l,4-butanedione (3 g, 5.16 mmole) in 40 mL of acetonitrile at room temperature. The solution was stirred at room temperature for 2 hours, and then water added, and the mixture extracted with dichloromethane. The organic layer was washed with IN NaOH, water and then saturated aqueous NaCl, filtered and evaporated in vacuo to a solid that was recrystallized in ethyl acetate and hexane to provide 2.97 g of dione (93.7%).

l-(3,4-Dimethoxy-5-N-benzyloxycarbonylethylsulfonylphenyl )-4- (3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyI)- 1,4-butanediol (compound 110, Figure 2). l-(3,4-Dimethoxy-5-N-benzyloxycarbonylethylsulfonylphenyl)- 1,4-butanedione (2.87 g, 4.68 mmole) was dissolved in 20 mL THF and the solution diluted with 32 mL methanol. To this solution was added sodium borohydride (318.8mg, 8.43 mmole) in 9 mL water dropwise, and the solution stiιτed at room temperature for 2.5 hours. The solution was cooled and quenched with water, the aqueous layer extracted with dichloromethane and the organic layer dried over MgSO4, filtered and evaporated in vacuo to provide 2.86 g of diol (99%).

trαιιs-2-(3,4-Dimethoxy-5-N-benzyloxy carbonylethylsulfonylphenyl)- 5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl) tetrahydrothiophene (compound 112, Figure 2). 1 -(3,4-Dimethoxy-5-N-benzyloxycarbonylethylsulfonylphenyl)- 4-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-l,4-butanediol (2.8g, 4.54 mmole) was dissolved in 25 mL pyridine and treated with 2.82 g of P ₄ S ₁ 0 and then heated at 90°C for 16 hours. The solvent was removed by distillation in vacuo, and the residue was acidified with 10% HCl and extracted with dichloromethane. The organic layer was washed with 10% HCl, water, and saturated sodium chloride solution, dried over MgSO4, filtered and then evaporated to give a gummy residue that was purified by flash column chromatography with 1:1 hexane:ethyl acetate, followed by HPLC using hexane and ethyl acetate as solvent (yield 34 mg). iH NMR (CDC1 ₃ ): 2.09 (m, 2H); 2.60 (m, 2H); 3.60 (m, 4H); 3.82 (s, 3H); 3.90 (s, 6H); 3.92 (s, 3H); 3.96 (s, 3H); 4.81 (m, 2H); 5.09 (s, 2H); 5.49 (bs, IH); 6.70 (s, 2H); 7.34 (d, IH); 7.35 (s, 5H); 7.56 (d, IH).

trα/ιs-2-(3,4-Dimethoxy-5-aminoethyl sulfonylphenyl)-5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrothiophe ne (compound 2, Figure 2). ra/w-2-(3,4-Dimethoxy-5-N-benzyloxycarbonylethylsulfonyl-phe nyl)-5-(3, 4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrothiophene (32.6 mg, 0.052 mmole) was dissolved in 3 mL ethanol. To this solution was added 1.2 mL cyclohexene and 46.9 mg 10% Pd-C catalyst. The mixture was refluxed for 2 hours, and then the catalyst removed by filtration. The catalyst was washed with ethanol, and the combined filtrate evaporated under reduced pressure to an oil that was purified by flash column chromatography using hexane/ethyl acetate (1:1) followed by chloroform/acetone (4:1) to provide 4.1 mg product. iH NMR (CDCI3): 2.09 (m, 2H); 2.60 (m, 2H); 2.68 (t, 2H); 3.10 (bs, 2H); 3.45 (t, 2H); 3.82 (s, 3H); 3.89 (s, 6H); 3.93 (s, 3H); 3.97 (s, 3H); 4.81 (m, 2H); 6.70 (s, 2H); 7.30 (s, IH); 7.50 (s, IH).

Example 3: Preparation of

-.r «s-2-(3-Methoxy-4-propoxy-5-N-benzylaminophenyl) -5-(3,4,5-tri-methoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran (compound 3, Figure 4)

3-Methoxy-4-propoxy-5-nitrobenzaldehyde (compound 114, Figure 3).

A mixture of sodium hydride (6.09 g, 152.3 mmole) in 20 mL of dry dimethylformamide (DMF) was cooled to 0°C and then 5-nitrovanillin (25 g, 126.8 mmole) in 41 mL of DMF was added dropwise. After 30 minutes, propyl iodide (25.87 g, 152.0 mmole) was added dropwise at 0°C. When the addition was completed, the reaction was maintained at room temperature for 2 hours and then stirred overnight at 70°C. Water was added, and the solution extracted with ethyl ether, washed with 10% NaOH, dried over MgSO ₄ , filtered and then evaporated in vacuo to an oil (19 g, 62.7%).

l-(3-Methoxy-4-propoxy-5-nitrophenyl)- 4-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-l,4-butanedione (compound 116, Figure

3). A solution of 3,4,5-trimethoxyphenylvinylketone (13.25 g, 59.64 mmol), 3-methoxy-4-propoxy-5-nitrobenzaldehyde (11.95, 50 mmol), 3-benzyl-5-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4-methylthiazolium chloride (5.36 g, 19.91 mmol) and triethylamine(50 mL) were stirred at 60°C overnight, and then quenched with water, acidified with 10% HCl and extracted with chloroform. The organic layer was washed with saturated aqueous sodium chloride, dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered and evaporated in vacuo to an yellow oil that was purified by flash column chromatography using 2:1 hexane/ethyl acetate as the solvent to yield a white solid (9.59 g, 41.6%). iH NMR (CDC1 ₃ ): 1.07 (t, 3H), 1.86 (m, 2H), 3.40 (d, 4H), 3.88 (s, 3H), 3.92 (s, 9H), 4.04 (t, 2H), 7.29 (s, 2H), 7.54 (d, IH), 8.07 (d, IH).

l-(3-Methoxy-4-propoxy-5-nitrophenyl)- 4-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyI)-l,4-butanediol (compound 118, Figure 3). To a solution of l-(3-methoxy-4-propoxy-5-nitrophenyl)-

4-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-butane-l,4-dione (11.53 g, 25 mmol) in 350 mL of methanol and 250 mL of tetrahydrofuran was added dropwise a solution of sodium borohydride (3.076 g, 81.34 mmol) in 140 mL of water. After the addition was

completed, the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 3 hours, quenched with water and extracted with dichloromethane. The organic layer was dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered and evaporated to provide a foam (11.53 g, 99.24%). iH NMR (CDC1 ₃ ): 1.05 (t, 3H), 1.80-1.95 (m, 6H), 3.80-3.98 (m,12H), 4.1 (t, 2H), 4.72 (m, 2H), 6.6 (s, 2H), 7.15 (s, IH), 7.35 (s, IH).

2-(3-Methoxy-4-propoxy-5-nitrophenyl)-5-(3,4,5- trimethoxyphenyl)- tetrahydrofuran (compound 119, Figure 3). A suspension of P ₄ S ₁₀ (19.25 g, 43.3 mmol) in 250 mL of pyridine was heated at 120°C for 75 minutes. To this suspension was then added a solution of l-(3-methoxy -4-propoxy-5-nitrophenyl)-4-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)- butane-l,4-diol (4.65 g, 10 mmol) in 50 mL of pyridine. The temperature was reduced to 90°C and stirring continued for an additional 90 minutes. After cooling, ice and water were added, the mixture was extracted with methylene chloride. The organic layer was washed with water, 5% HCl, water, sodium bicarbonate and saturated aqueous sodium chloride, and then dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered and evaporated.

The mixture of cis and trans compounds were separated by HPLC using Water\'s prep Nova-Pak HR silica cartridge ( 9:1 hexane: ethyl acetate) to provide 300 mg (6.5%) trans and 250 mg (5.42%) of cis isomer. Trans isomer. iH NMR (CDCI ₃ ): 1.05 (t, 3H), 1.80-1.90 (m, 2H), 2.10-2.20 (m, 2H), 2.60-2.70 (m, 2H), 3.85-3.95 (m,12H), 4.10 (t, 2H), 4.85 (m, 2H), 6.75 (s, 2H), 7.20 (d, IH), 7.45 (d, IH). Cis isomer. Η NMR (CDCI ₃ ): 1.05 (t, 3H), 1.80-1.90 (m,2H), 2.10-2.20 (m, 2H), 2.60-2.70 (m, 2H), 3.85-3.95 (m, 12H), 4.10 (t, 2H), 4.70 (m, 2H), 6.75 (s, 2H), 7.20 (d, IH), 7.45 (d, IH).

*rans-2-(3-Methoxy-4-propoxy-5-aminophenyl)-5- (3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl) tetrahydrofuran (compound 122, Figure 3). trαn5-2-(3-Methoxy-4-propoxy-5-nitrophenyl)-5-(3,4,5 trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran (2.235g, 5 mmol) was dissolved in 45 mL of absolute ethanol. To this solution was added calcium chloride (0.5 g, 5 mmol) in 10 mL of water followed by freshly activated zinc dust (7.5 g). The mixture was refluxed for 12 hours, and the solid then removed by vacuum filtration through Celite.

The filtrate was washed with water, dried over magnesium sulfate, and evaporated in vacuo to a white foam (2.085 g, 97.28%). trans isomer. iH NMR: (CDC1 ₃ ): 1.10 (t, 3H), 1.80-1.90 (m, 2H), 2.00-2.15 (m, 2H), 2.50-2.60 (m, 2H), 3.80-3.97 (m, 12H), 4.10 (t, 2H), 5.20-5.35 (m, 2H), 6.45 (s, IH), 6.55 (s, IH), 6.75 (s, 2H).

The cis product can be obtained in the same manner as described above usingcis-3-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-2-(3-methoxy-4-propoxy-5 - nitrophenyl)-tetrahydrofuran as the starting material.

Cis isomer. iH NMR: (CDCI3): 1.10 (t, 3H), 1.80-1.90 (m, 2H), 2.00-2.15 (m, 2H), 2.50-2.60 (m, 2H), 3.80-3.97 (m, 12H), 4.10 (t, 2H), 5.10-5.20 (m, 2H), 6.45 (s, IH), 6.55 (s, IH), 6.75 (s, 2H).

*ra«s-2-(3-Methoxy-4-propoxy-5-benzylaminophenyl)-5-(3,4 ,5- trimethoxypheny -tetrahydrofuran (compound 3, Figure 4). rans-2-(3-Methoxy-4-propoxy-5-nitrophenyl)-5-(3,4,5-trimetho xyphenyl)- tetrahydrofuran (50 mg, 0.12 mmole) and potassium carbonate (1.0 g) were suspended in 2 mL of DMF. Benzyl bromide (205.1 mg, 1.2 mmole) was added and the suspension was stirred at room temperature for 20 hours. The reaction was quenched with water and extracted with dichloromethane. The organic layer was dried over MgSO ₄ , filtered and evaporated in vacuo to an oil that was purified by column chromatography with hexane/ethyl acetate solvent (yield 50.2 mg, 82.6%). iH NMR (CDCI ₃ ): 1.05 (t, 3H); 1.83 (m, 4H); 2.32 (m, 2H); 3.85 (s, 3H); 3.90 (s, 6H); 3.91 (s, 3H); 4.05

Example 4: Preparation of

*rαns-2-(3-Methoxy-4-propoxy-5- hydroxyethylaminophenyl)- 5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran (compound 4, Figure 4) A mixture of trαπs-2-(3-meΛoxy-4-propoxy-5-aminophenyl)-

5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl) tetrahydrofuran (20 mg. 0.048 mmol), potassium carbonate (0.4 g), and 2-iodoethanol (82.47 mg, 0.48 mmol) was suspended in 2 mL of DMF. The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 20 hours, quenched with water and extracted with dichloromethane. The organic layer was dried

over magnesium sulfate, filtered and evaporated in vacuo to an oil which was purified by column using 3:1 hexane/ethyl acetate as solvent (12.8 mg, 57.9%). iH NMR (CDC1 ₃ ): 1.02 (t, 3H), 1.79 (m, 2H), 1.99 (m, 2H), 2.43 (m, 2H), 3.33 (m, 2H), 3.81 (m, 2H), 3.82 (s, 3H), 3.83 (s, 3H), 3.88 (s, 6H), 3.90 (t, 2H), 5.18 (m, 2H), 6.40 (d, 2H), 6.61 (s, 2H).

Example 5: Preparation of trα/ιs-2-(3-Methoxy-4-propoxy-5-N,N- diallylphenyl)-5-

(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran (compound 5, Figure 4)

A mixture of -rαn-ϊ-2-(3-methoxy-4-propoxy-5-aminophenyl-5- (3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl) tetrahydrofuran (20 mg, 0.048 mmol), potassium carbonate (0.4 g), and 2-allyliodide (80.56 mg, 0.48 mmol) was suspended in 2 mL of DMF. The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 20 hours, and then quenched with water and extracted with dichloromethane. The organic layer was dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered and evaporated in vacuo to an oil which was purified by column using 4:1 hexane/ethyl acetate as solvent (5.1 mg, 21.4%). Η NMR (CDCI ₃ ): 1.02 (t, 3H),1.79 (m, 2H), 1.99 (m, 2H), 2.43 (m, 2H), 3.81 (m, 2H), 3.85 (s, 3H), 3.87 (s, 6H), 3.89 (s, 3H), 3.90 (m, 2H), 5.10-5.20 (m, 6H), 5.80 (m, 2H), 6.57 (s, IH), 6.63 (s, 2H), 6.63 (s, IH).

Example 6: Preparation of tr /ιs-2-(3,4-Dimethoxy-5-N-benzylaminophenyl)-5- (3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyI)-tetrahydrothiophene (compound 6, Figure 4)

3,4-Dimethoxy-5-nitrobenzaldehyde (compound 113, Figure 3). A suspension of sodium hydride (4.87 g, 121.7 mmole) in 18 mL dry DMF was cooled to 0°C and then 5-nitrovanillin (20 g, 101.4 mmole) in 30 mL of DMF was added dropwise. After 30 minutes, methyl iodide (43.18 g, 304.2 mmole) was added dropwise at 0°C. When the addition was completed, the mixture was warmed to room temperature and stirred overnight. Water was added and the solution extracted with ethyl ether, the organic layer was washed with 10% NaOH solution, dried over MgSO ₄ , filtered and evaporated in vacuo to an oil (8.7 g, 40.7%).

l-(3,4-Dimethoxy-5-nitrophenyl)-4-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-l ,4- butanedione (compound 115, Figure 3). A mixture of freshly prepared 3,4,5-trimethoxy-phenylvinylketone (7.12 g, 32.08 mmole), 3,4-dimethoxy-5-nitrobenzaldehyde (5.64g, 26.73 mmole), 3-benzyl-5-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4-methylthiazolium chloride (2.79 g, 10.69 mmole) and uiethylamine (28 mL) were stirred at 65°C overnight The reaction was quenched with water, acidified with 10% HCl and extracted with dichloromethane. The organic layer was washed with saturated aqueous sodium chloride, dried over MgSO4, filtered and evaporated to an oil which was purified by flash column chromatography using 1:1 hexane and ethyl acetate as eluent (4.71 g, 40.7%).

l-(3,4-Dimethoxy-5-nitrophenyI)-4-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl )- 1,4-butanediol (compound 117, Figure 3). l-(3,4-Dimethoxy-5-nitrophenyl)-4-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)- 1,4-butanedione (4.65 g, 10.74 mmole) was dissolved in 40 mL THF and the solution was diluted with 75 mL of methanol. To this solution sodium borohydride (0.73 g, 19.33 mmole) in 20 mL of water was added dropwise. The solution was stirred at room temperature for 2.5 hours, and the reaction mixture cooled, quenched with water, and the aqueous layer extracted with dichloromethane. The organic layer was dried over MgSO ₄ , filtered and evaporated in vacuo to provide 4.61 g of product (98.3%).

2-(3,4-Dimethoxy-5-nitrophenyl)-5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl )- tetrahydrothiophene (compound 120, Figure 3). l-(3,4-Dimethoxy-5-nitrophenyl)-4-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)- 1,4-butanediol (4.61 g, 10.55 mmole) and 6.57 g of P ₄ S ₁ 0 were suspended in 60 mL of pyridine and heated at 90°C for 16 hours. The solvent was removed by distillation in vacuo. The residue was acidified with 10% HCl and extracted with dichloromethane. The organic layer was washedwith 10% HCl, water and saturated aqueous sodium chloride, dried over MgSO ₄ , filtered and evaporated to give a gummy residue that was purified by flash column chromatography using 3:1 hexane/ethyl acetate as the solvent (335.6 mg, 7.3%). IH NMR (CDCI3): 2.08 (m, 2H); 2.60 (m, 2H); 3.82 (s, 3H); 3.90 (s, 6H); 3.95 (s, 3H); 3.98 (s, 6H); 4.81 (m, 2H); 6.70 (s, 2H); 7.22 (d, IH); 7.44 (d, IH).

trαπ->-2-(3,4-Dimethoxy-5-aminophenyl)-5-(3,4,5- trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrothiophene (compound 123, Figure 3). r n-y-2-(3,4-Dimethoxy-5-nitrophenyl)-5-(3,4,5- trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrothiophene (0.3 g, 0.69 mmole) was suspended in 10 ml of ethanol. To this was added CaC12 (72.63 mg, 0.65 mmole) in 2 mL water, followed by zinc metal (1.01 g). The suspension was refluxed for 5 hours, filtered, and the residue was washed with ethanol. The combined filtrate was washed with 10% NaHCO ₃ , water and saturated aqueous sodium chloride, dried over MgSO4 and evaporated in vacuo to an oil that was purified by flash column chromatography using 1:1 hexane/ethyl acetate as solvent (30 mg, 10.8%). Η NMR (CDC1 ₃ ): 2.10 (m, 2H); 2.57 (m, 2H); 3.81 (s, 3H); 3.83 (s, 3H); 3.87 (s, 3H); 3.89 (s, 6H); 4.80 (m, 2H); 6.45 (d, IH); 6.51 (d, IH); 6.70 (s, 2H).

-.rαns-2-(3,4-Dimethoxy-5-benzylaminophenyl)-5-(3,4,5- trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrothiophene (compound 6, Figure 4). rαΛs-2-(3,4-Dimethoxy-5-aminophenyl)-5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyph enyl)-tetrahydrofuran (10 mg, 0.025 mmole) and potassium carbonate (0.2g) were suspended in 1 mL of DMF. To this solution was added benzyl bromide (42.23 mg, 0.25 mmole). The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 20 hours, quenched with water and then extracted with dichloromethane. The organic layer was dried over MgSO ₄ , filtered and evaporated in vacuo to an oil that was purified by column chromatography using hexane/ethyl acetate (3:1).

Example 7: Preparation of rαns-2-(3-Methoxy-4-propoxy-5- benzylaminophenyl) -5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl) tetrahydrothiophene (Compound 7, Figure 4)

3-Methoxy-4-propoxy-5-nitrobenzaldehyde (compound 114, Figure 4), l-(3-methoxy-4-propoxy-5-nitrophenyl)-4-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphe nyl)-l,4-butanedione (compound 116, Figure 4), and l-(3-methoxy-4-propoxy-5-nitrophenyl)-4-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphe nyl) - 1 ,4-butanediol (compound 118, Figure 4) were prepared as described in Example 3.

2-(3-Methoxy-4-propoxy-5-nitrophenyl)-5-(3,4,5- trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrothiophene (compound 121, Figure 3).

Compound 121 was prepared in the same way as compound 120 (Example 6), using compound 118 as the starting material.

tran-f-2-(3-Methoxy-4-propoxy-5-aminophenyl)-5-(3,4,5- trimethoxypheny -tetrahydrothiophene (compound 124, Figure 3).

Compound 124 was prepared in the same way as compound 123 (Example 6), using compound 121 as the starting material.

*rα«s-2-(3-Methoxy-4-propoxy-5-benzylaminophenyI)- 5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrothiophene (Compound 7, Figure

4). trα/w-2-(3-Methoxy-4-propoxy-5-aminophenyl)- 5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrothiophene (10 mg, 0.023 mmole) and potassium carbonate (0.2 g) were suspended in 1 mL DMF. To this mixture was added benzyl bromide (39.50 mg, 0.23 mmole). The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 20 hours, quenched with water, and then extracted with dichloromethane. The organic layer was dried over MgSO ₄ , filtered and evaporated in vacuo to an oil that was purified by column chromatography using hexane/ethyl acetate (3:1) as solvent.

Example 8: trαns-2-(3,4-Dimethoxy-5-N,N- dihydroxyethylaminophenyl)-5-(3,4,5-tri methoxypheny -tetrahydrothiophene (compound 8, Figure 4)

Compound 8 was prepared by the method described above for compound 4, using compound 123 as the starting material.

Example 9: *rans-2-(3-Methoxy-4-propoxy-5-N- hydroxyethylaminophenyI)-5- (3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrothiophene (Compound 9, Figure 4)

Compound 9 was prepared in the same manner as compound 4, described above, using compound 122 as the starting material.

Example 10: trαn-?-2-(3,4-Dimethoxy-5-N,N- dialIylaminophenyl)-5-(3,4,5-tri- methoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrothiophene (Compound 10, Figure 5)

Compound 10 was prepared by the method described above for compound 5, using compound 123 as the starting material.

Example 11: Diallylaminophenyl)-5-

(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrothiophene (Compound 11, Figure 4)

Compound 11 was prepared in the same manner as compound 5, using compound 124 as the starting material.

Example 12: cis- and trans-

2-[N\'-hydroxyl-N ^, -(substituted)]-N-[2- propoxy-3-methoxy-5-{5-(3,4,5- trimethoxyphenyl)-(tetrahydrofuran or tetrahydrothiophene)-phenyl]-urea (compounds 12-32 and 38-41, Figure 4).

3-Methoxy-4-propoxy-5-nitrobenzaldehyde (compound 114, Figure 3).

A mixture of 5-nitrovanillin (19.72 g, 100 mmol), potassium carbonate (35 g, 253.23 mmol) and propyl iodide (32.86 mL, 335.83 mmol) in 160 mL of N,N-dimethylf ormamide was stirred at 60°C for 12 hours. The mixture was then cooled, quenched with water and extracted with methylene chloride. The organic layer was washed several times with water, dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered and evaporated in vacuo to an oil which was purified by flash chromatography on silica gel (230-400 mesh) using 2:1 hexane/ethyl acetate as eluent, to provide 3-methoxy-4-propoxy-5-nitrobenzaldehyde (13.54 g, 57%). IH NMR (CDC1 ₃ ): 1.00 (t, 3H), 1.85 (m, 2H), 4.00 (s, 3H), 4.25 (t, 2H), 7.65 (s, IH), 7.85 (s, IH), 9.95 (s, IH).

Compounds 122 and 124 are prepared as described above.

cis and trans 2-[N\'-Hydroxyl]-N-[2-propoxy-methoxy- 5-{5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran}-phenyl]urea (compound 12, Figure 4). rαn^-2-(3-Methoxy-4-propoxy-5-aminophenyl)- 5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran (41.7 mg, 0.1 mmol), triethylamine (20 mL), and triphosgene (10 mg, 0.034 mmol) in 5 mL of dry dichloromethane were refluxed for 2 hours under an argon atmosphere. The reaction was monitored with thin layer chromatography. On indication that the amine had been converted to isocyanate, the reaction was cooled to room temperature and hydroxylamine hydrochioride (10.5 mg, 0.15 mmol) in 0.5 mL of THF, 29 mL of triethylamine, and 0.1 mL of water added. The solution was stiιτed at room temperature overnight under an argon atmosphere. The solvent was then removed in vacuo, and the resulting oil dissolved in dichloromethane. The organic layer was washed with water, dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered and concentrated to an oil in vacuo. The oil was purified by flash chromatography on sihca gel with 1:1.5 hexane/ethyl acetate as eluent (38 mg, 79.83%). iH NMR (CDC1 ₃ ): 1.00 (t, 3H),1.75 (m, 2H), 2.00 (m, 2H), 2.50 (m, 2H), 3.80-4.00 (m,14H), 5.20 (m, 2H), 6.60 (s, 2H), 6.75 (s, IH), 7.40 (s, IH), 7.85 (br, IH), 8.50 (s, IH).

cis and *rα/ιs-2-(3-Methoxy-4-propoxy-5-nitrophenyl)-5-(3,4,5 trimethoxyphenyl)tetrahydrothiophene (Compound 119, Figure 3).

Compound 119 was prepared as described in Example 3.

The nitro group in compound 119 can be reduced to provide the corresponding amine (compound 122, Figure 3) in a manner similar to that described above for the reduction of the nitro group in compound 121 to provide compound 124.

A wide variety of hydroxy urea derivatives of 2,5-diaryl tetrahydrofurans and tetrahydrothiophenes can be obtained using the general procedure set out above for the preparation of compound 12, by reaction of the appropriately substituted hydroxy amine with a 2,5-diaryl tetrahydrofuran or tetrahydrothiophene that has an appropriately placed amine function. The following compounds were obtained using this general method.

fr n_.-2-[N\'-Hydroxyl-N\'-methyl]-N-2-propoxy-3-methoxy-5-[5- (3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran] phenyl urea (Compound 13, Figure 4). iH NMR (CDC1 ₃ ):1.00 (t, 3H),1.75 (m, 2H), 2.00 (m,2H), 2.50 (m, 2H), 3.2 (s, 3H), 3.80-4.00 (m, 14H), 5.20 (m, 2H), 6.60 (s, 2H), 6.75 (s, IH), 7.40 (s, IH), 7.85 (s, H), 8.50 (s, IH).

rfln5-2-[N\'-Hydroxyl-N\'-isopropyl]-N-2-propoxy-3-methox y-5-[5-

(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran] phenylurea (compound 14, Figure 4). IH NMR (CDC1 ₃ ): 1.00 (t, 3H), 1.2

(d, 6H), 1.75 (m, 2H), 2.00 (m, 2H), 2.50 (m, 2H), 3.80-4.00 (m, 14H), 4.6 (m,

IH), 5.20 (m,2H), 6.60 (s, 2H), 6.75 (s, IH), 6.77 (s, IH), 7.90 (s, IH), 8.50 (s,

IH).

trans -2-[5-(N\'-t- Butyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyI)-3- methoxy-4-propoxyphenyI]-5-(3,4,5- trimethoxyphenyl) tetrahydrofuran (compound 15, Figure 4). iH NMR (CDC1 ₃ ):1.00 (t, 3H), 1.4 (s, 9H), 1.75 (m, 2H), 2.00 (m, 2H), 2.50 (m, 2H), 3.80-4.00 (m,14H), 5.20 (m,2H), 6.60 (s, 2H), 6.75 (s, IH), 6.77 (s, IH), 7.90 (s, IH), 8.50 (s, IH).

trans -2-[5-(N\'-Cyclohexyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)- 3-methoxy-4-propoxyphenyI]-5-(3,4,5- trimethoxyphenyl) tetrahydrofuran (compound 16, Figure 4). IH NMR (CDC1 ₃ ):1.00 (t, 3H),1.30 (m, 2H), 1.6 (m,4H), 1.75 (m, 5H), 2.00 (m,3H), 2.50 (m, 2H), 3.80-4.00 (m,14H), 5.20 (m,2H), 6.60 (s, 2H), 6.75 (s, IH), 6.77 (s, IH), 7.85 (s, IH), 8.50 (s, IH).

frαns^-IS-fN\'-Benzyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyD-S- methoxy-4-propoxyphenyl]-5-(3,4,5- trimethoxyphenyl) tetrahydrofuran (compound 17, Figure 4). IH NMR (CDC1 ₃ ):1.00 (t, 3H),1.75 (m, 2H), 2.00 (m, 2H), 2.50 (m, 2H), 3.80-4.00 (m,14H), 4.7 (s, 2H), 5.20 (m,2H), 6.60 (s, 2H), 6.75 (s, IH), 7.2-7.5 (m, 6H), 7.90 (s, IH), 8.50 (s, IH).

cis -2-[5-(N\'-Hydroxyureidyl)-3-methoxy- 4-propoxyphenyl]-5-(3,4,5- trimethoxyphenyl) tetrahydrofuran (compound 18, Figure 4). IH NMR (CDC1 ₃ ):1.00 (t, 3H),1.75 (m,2H), 2.00 (m,2H), 2.50 (m, 2H), 3.80-4.00 (m,14H), 5.00 (m,2H), 6.60 (s, 2H), 6.70 (s, IH), 7.40 (s, IH), 7.85 (s, H), 8.50 (s, IH).

cis -2-[5-(N\'-Hydroxy-N ^l -methylureidyl)-3-methoxy- 4-propoxyphenyl]-5-(3,4,5- trimethoxyphenyl) tetrahydrofuran (compound 19, Figure 4). IH NMR (CDC1 ₃ ):1.00 (t, 3H),1.75 (m, 2H), 2.00 (m, 2H), 2.50 (m, 2H), 3.2 (s, 3H), 3.80-4.00 (m, 14H), 5.00 (m, 2H), 6.60 (s, 2H), 6.70 (s, IH), 7.70 (s, IH), 7.85 (br, H), 8.50 (s, IH).

cis -2-[5-(N\'-Hydroxy-N\'-i-propylureidyl)-3-methoxy- 4-propoxyphenyl]-5-(3,4,5- trimethoxyphenyl) tetrahydrofuran (compound 20, Figure 4). IH NMR (CDC1 ₃ ):1.00 (t, 3H), 1.2 (d, 6H), 1.75 (m, 2H), 2.00 (m, 2H), 2.50 (m, 2H), 3.80-4.00 (m,14H), 4.6 (m, IH), 5.00 (m,2H), 6.60 (s, 2H), 6.75 (s, IH), 6.77 (s, IH), 7.90 (s, IH), 8.50 (s, IH).

cis -2-[5-(N\'-tert-Butyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyI)-3-methoxy- 4-propoxyphenyl]-5-(3,4,5- trimethoxyphenyl) tetrahydrofuran (compound 21, Figure 4). iH NMR (CDC1 ₃ ):1.00 (t, 3H), 1.4 (s, 9H), 1.75 (m, 2H), 2.00 (m, 2H), 2.50 (m, 2H), 3.80-4.00 (m,14H), 5.00 (m,2H), 6.60 (s, 2H), 6.75 (s, IH), 6.77 (s, IH), 7.90 (s, IH), 8.50 (s, IH).

cis -2-[5-(N\'-Cyclohexyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyl)-3-methoxy- 4-propoxyphenyl]-5-(3,4,5- trimethoxyphenyl) tetrahydrofuran (compound 22, Figure 4). iH NMR (CDC1 ₃ ):1.00 (t, 3H),1.30 (m, 2H), 1.6 (m,4H), 1.75 (m, 5H), 2.00 (m,3H), 2.50 (m, 2H), 3.80-4.00 (m,14H), 5.00 (m,2H), 6.60 (s, 2H), 6.75 (s, IH), 6.77 (s, IH), 7.85 (s, IH), 8.50 (s, IH).

cis -2-[5-(N\'-Benzyl-N\'-hydroxyureidyI)-3-methoxy- 4-propoxyphenyl]-5-(3,4,5- trimethoxyphenyl) tetrahydrofuran (compound 23, Figure 4). iH NMR (CDC1 ₃ ):1.00 (t, 3H),1.75 (m, 2H), 2.00 (m, 2H), 2.50 (m, 2H), 3.80-4.00 (m,14H), 4.7 (s, 2H), 5.0 (m,2H), 6.60 (s, 2H), 6.70 (s, IH), 7.2-7.5 (m, 6H), 8.00 (s, IH), 8.50 (s, IH).

trans -2-[5-(N\'-Hydroxyureidyl)-3-methoxy-

4-propoxyphenyl]-5-(3,4,5- trimethoxyphenyl) tetrahydrothiophene (compound 24, Figure 4). iH NMR (CDC1 ₃ ):1.00 (t, 3H),1.80 (m,2H), 2.12 (m,2H), 2.60 (m, 2H), 3.80-4.00 (m,12H), 4.01 t, 2H), 4.75 (m,2H), 6.60 (s, 2H), 6.70 (s, IH), 7.40 (s, IH), 7.85 (s, H), 8.50 (s, IH).

trans -2-[5-(N\'-Hydroxy-N\'-methylureidyI)-3-methoxy- 4-propoxyphenyl]-5-(3,4,5- trimethoxyphenyl) tetrahydrothiophene (compound 25, Figure 4). iH NMR (CDC1 ₃ ):1.00 (t, 3H),1.75 (m,2H), 2.00 (m,2H), 2.50 (m, 2H), 3.20 (s, 3H), 3.80-4.00 (m,12H), 4.1 (t, 2H), 4.80 (m,2H), 6.60 (s, 2H), 6.70 (s, IH), 7.70 (s, IH), 7.85 (s, IH), 8.50 (s, IH).

trans -2-[5-(N\'-Hydroxy-N\'-i-propylylureidyl)-3-methoxy- 4-propoxyphenyl]-5-(3,4,5- trimethoxyphenyl) tetrahydrothiophene (compound 26, Figure 4). IH NMR (CDC1 ₃ ):1.00 (t, 3H), 1.2 (d, 6H), 1.75 (m, 2H), 2.00 (m, 2H), 2.50 (m, 2H), 3.80-4.00 (m,12 H), 4.1 (t, 2H), 4.60 (m, IH), 4.8 (m, 2H), 6.60 (s, 2H), 6.75 (s, IH), 6.77 (s, IH), 7.90 (s, IH), 8.50 (s, IH).

frβΛS-2-(N\'-HydroxyI-N\'-tert-butyl-N-(2-propoxy-3-met hoxy-5- (3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyI)-tetrahydrothiophene) phenyl urea (compound 27, Table 2). Η NMR (CDC1 ₃ ):1.00 (t, 3H), 1.4 (s, 9H), 1.75 (m,2H), 2.00 (m,2H), 2.50 (m, 2H), 3.80-4.00 (m,12H), 4.1 (t, 2H), 4.8 (m, 2H), 6.60 (s, 2H), 6.75 (s, IH), 7.40 (s, IH), 7.85 (s, H), 8.50 (s, IH).

cis -2-[5-(N\'-Hydroxyureidyl)-3-methoxy-4- propoxyphenyl]-5-(3,4,5- trimethoxyphenyl) tetrahydrothiophene (compound 28, Figure 4). IH NMR (CDC1 ₃ ): 1.00 (t, 3H), 1.75 (m, 2H), 2.00 (m, 2H), 2.50 (m, 2H), 3.20 (s, 3H), 3.80-4.00 (m, 12H), 4.1 (t, 2H), 4.65 (m, 2H), 6.60 (s, 2H), 6.70 (s, IH), 7.70 (s, IH), 7.85 (s, IH), 8.50 (s, IH).

cw-2-[5-(N ^l -Hydroxy-N ^, -methylureidyl)-3-methoxy-4- propoxyphenyI]-5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl) tetrahydrothiophene (compound 29, Figure 4). IH NMR (CDC1 ₃ ):1.00 (t,

3H),1.75 (m,2H), 2.00 (m,2H), 2.50 (m, 2H), 3.20 (s, 3H), 3.80-4.00 (m,12H),

4.1 (t, 2H), 4.65 (m,2H), 6.60 (s, 2H), 6.70 (s, IH), 7.70 (s, IH), 7.85 (s, IH),

8.50 (s, IH).

cs- 2-(N\'-Hydroxyl-N\'-isopropyl-N- (2-propoxy-3-methoxy-5- 5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl) tetrahydrothiophene) phenyl urea (compound 30, Table 2). iH NMR (CDC1 ₃ ):1.00 (t, 3H), 1.2 (d, 6H), 1.75 (m, 2H), 2.00 (m, 2H), 2.50 (m, 2H), 3.80-4.00 (m, 14H), 4.60 (m, IH), 4.65 (m,2H), 6.60 (s, 2H), 6.70 (s, IH), 7.40 (s, IH), 7.85 (s, IH), 8.50 (s, IH).

trans- 2-(N\'-hydroxyI-N\'-ethyl-N-(2-propoxy-3-methoxy-5- (5- (3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl) tetrahydrofuran) phenyl urea (compound 38, Table 2). iH NMR (CDC1 ₃ ):1.00 (t, 3H), 1.2 (t, 3H), 1.75 (m, 2H), 2.00 (m, 2H), 2.50 (m, 2H), 3.75 (q, 2H), 3.80-4.00 (m,14H), 5.20 (m, 2H), 6.60 (s, 2H), 6.75 (s, IH), 6.77 (s, IH), 7.90 (s, IH), 8.50 (s, IH).

trans -2-(N ^, -hydroxyl-N\'-n-butyl-N-( 2-propoxy-3-methoxy -5- (5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl) tetrahydrofuran) phenyl urea (compound 39, Table 2). iH NMR (CDC1 ₃ ):1.00 (t, 3H), 1.2 (t, 3H), 1.5 (m, 2H), 1.75 (m, 2H), 1.8 (m, 2H), 2.00 (m, 2H), 2.50 (m, 2H), 3.70 (t, 2H), 3.80-4.00 (m,14H), 5.20 (m,2H), 6.60 (s, 2H), 6.75 (s, IH), 6.77 (s, IH), 7.90 (s, IH), 8.50 (s, IH).

cis- 2-(N\'-Hydroxyl-N\'-isoprpyl-N- (2-propoxy-3-methoxy-5- 5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl) tetrahydrothiophene) phenyl urea (compound 30, Table 2). iH NMR (CDC1 ₃ ):1.00 (t, 3H), 1.2 (d, 6H), 1.75 (m, 2H), 2.00 (m, 2H), 2.50 (m, 2H), 3.80-4.00 (m, 14H), 4.60 (m, IH), 4.65 (m,2H), 6.60 (s, 2H), 6.70 (s, IH), 7.40 (s, IH), 7.85 (s, IH), 8.50 (s, IH).

cis- 2-(N\'-Hydroxyl-N\'-isoprpyl-N- (2-propoxy-3-methoxy-5- 5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl) tetrahydrothiophene) phenyl urea (compound 30, Table 2) iH NMR (CDC1 ₃ ):1.00 (t, 3H), 1.2 (d, 6H), 1.75 (m, 2H), 2.00 (m, 2H), 2.50 (m, 2H), 3.80-4.00 (m, 14H), 4.60 (m, IH), 4.65 (m,2H), 6.60 (s, 2H), 6.70 (s, IH), 7.40 (s, IH), 7.85 (s, IH), 8.50 (s, IH).

cis -2-(N\'-Hydroxyl-N\'-tert-butyl-N-(2-propoxy-3-methoxy-5- 2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl) tetrahydrothiophene) phenyl urea (compound 31, Table 2). IH NMR (CDC1 ₃ ):1.00 (t, 3H), 1.4 (s, 9H), 1.75 (m,2H), 2.00 (m,2H), 2.50 (m, 2H), 3.80-4.00 (m,12H), 4.1 (t, 2H), 4.65 (m, 2H), 6.60 (s, 2H), 6.75 (s, IH), 7.40 (s, IH), 7.85 (s, IH), 8.50 (s, IH).

cis -2-(N\'-Hydroxyl-N\'-cyclohexyl-N- (2-propoxy-3-methoxy-5- 5-(3,4,5-trimethoxy phenyl) tetrahydrothiophene) phenyl urea (compound 32, Table 2). IH NMR (CDC1 ₃ ):1.00 (t, 3H), 1.30 (m, 2H), 1.6 (m, 4H), 1.75 (m, 5H), 2.00 (m, 2H), 2.50 (m, 2H), 3.80-4.00 (m,14H), 4.6 (m, 2H), 6.60 (s, 2H), 6.75 (s, IH), 6.77 (s, IH), 7.90 (s, IH), 8.50 (s, IH).

cis -2-(N ^l -Hydroxyl-N\'-tert-butyl-N-(2-propoxy-3-methoxy-5- 2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl) tetrahydrothiophene) phenyl urea (compound 31, Table 2). iH NMR (CDC1 ₃ ):1.00 (t, 3H), 1.4 (s, 9H), 1.75 (m,2H), 2.00 (m,2H), 2.50 (m, 2H), 3.80-4.00 (m,12H), 4.1 (t, 2H), 4.65 (m, 2H), 6.60 (s, 2H), 6.75 (s, IH), 7.40 (s, IH), 7.85 (s, IH), 8.50 (s, IH).

cis -2-(N\'-Hydroxyl-N\'-cyclohexyl-N- (2-propoxy-3-methoxy-5- 5-(3,4,5-trimethoxy phenyl) tetrahydrothiophene) phenyl urea (compound 32,Table 2). iH NMR (CDC1 ₃ ):1.00 (t, 3H), 1.30 (m, 2H), 1.6 (m, 4H), 1.75 (m, 5H), 2.00 (m, 2H), 2.50 (m, 2H), 3.80-4.00 (m,14H), 4.6 (m, 2H), 6.60 (s, 2H), 6.75 (s, IH), 6.77 (s, IH), 7.90 (s, IH), 8.50 (s, IH).

cis -2-(N\'-Hydroxyl-N\'-ethyl-N-(2-propoxy-3-methoxy-5- (5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl) tetrahydrofuran) phenyl urea (compound 40,Table 2). IH NMR (CDC1 ₃ ):1.00 (t, 3H), 1.2 (t, 3H), 1.75 (m, 2H), 2.00 (m, 2H), 2.50 (m, 2H), 3.75 (q, 2H), 3.80-4.00 (m,14H), 5.00 (m, 2H), 6.60 (s, 2H), 6.75 (s, IH), 6.77 (s, IH), 7.90 (s, IH), 8.50 (s, IH).

cis -2-(N\'-Hydroxyl-N\'-n-butyl-N-(2-propoxy-3-methoxy-5- (5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl) tetrahydrofuran) phenyl urea (compound 41, Table 2). Η NMR (CDC1 ₃ ):1.00 (t, 3H), 1.2 (t, 3H), 1.5 (m, 2H), 1.75 (m, 2H), 1.8 (m, 2H), 2.00 (m, 2H), 2.50 (m, 2H), 3.70 (t, 2H), 3.80-4.00 (m,14H), 5.00 (m,2H), 6.60 (s, 2H), 6.75 (s, IH), 6.77 (s, IH), 7.90 (s, IH), 8.50 (s, IH).

Example 13: *rαns-2-(5-(N-Hydroxy-N-substituted- aminocarbonyl)-aminomethyl-4-propoxy- 3-methoxy)-5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)- tetrahydrofuran (compounds 33-37, Figure 8)

3-Methoxy-4-propoxy-5-iodobenzaldehyde (compound 125, Figure 5)

5-Iodovanillin (25 g, 0.09 mol) in DMF (100 mL) was treated with potassium carbonate (32 g, 0.23 mol) and n-propyl iodide (52 g, 0.3 mol, 31 mL) and heated for 16 hours. The solution was allowed to cool to room temperature and then poured into water (500 mL) and extracted with ether (3X 250 mL). The organic layers were combined and washed with water and saturated sodium chloride solution, and then dried over magnesium sulfate. The organic layer was evaporated by distillation under diminished pressure to an oil, and then purified by column chromatography (silica, 7:3 petroleum ether-ethyl acetate), to provide an amber colored solid (26.9 g,

93%). iH NMR (CDC1 ₃ ) 1.07 (t, 3 H), 1.85 (m, 2 H), 3.89 (s, 3H), 4.06 (t, 3 H), 7.39 (s, 1 H), 7.84 (s, 1 H), 9.81 (s, 1 H).

l-(3-methoxy-4-propoxy-5-iodophenyl)-4-(3,4,5-trimethoxyp henyl) -1,4-butanedione (compound 126, Figure 5)

3,4,5-Trimethoxyphenylvinylketone (11.6 g, 0.052 mol), 3-methoxy-4-propoxy-5-iodobenzaldehyde (13.8 g, 0.043 mol), and 3-benzyl-5-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4-methylthiazolium chloride (4.6 g, 0.017 mol) were stirred in triethylamine (35 mL) at 60°C for 16 hours. The solution was then acidified, poured into chloroform (500 mL) and washed wid l0% HCl, water and saturated aqueous sodium chloride. The organic layer was dried over magnesium sulfate, concentrated under reduced pressure, and the product isolated from petroleum ether-ethyl acetate to provide pale yellow microcrystals (27 g, 92%). m.p. 119-121°C. Η NMR (CDCI3) 1.07 (t, 3 H), 1.86 (m, 2 H), 3.40 (dd, 4H), 3.88 (s, 3H), 3.92 (s, 9H), 4.04(t, 2 H), 7.29 (d, 1 H), 8.07 (d, 1 H).

l-(3-Methoxy-4-propoxy-5-cyano)-4-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl )- 1,4-butanedione (compound 132, Figure 6) l-(3-Methoxy-4-propoxy-5-iodophenyl)-4-(3,4,5- trimethoxyphenyl)-l,4-butanedione (10.0 g, 18.4 mmol) and CuCN (16.6 g, 0.184 mol) in DMF (100 mL) were heated at 140oC for 2 hours. The solution was cooled and poured onto water (500 mL). The aqueous phase was extracted with chloroform (3 x 250 mL). The organic layers were combined, washed with water and saturated aqueous sodium chloride, and then dried over magnesium sulfate. The resulting material was concentrated, and the product isolated from hexane-ethyl acetate as pale yellow microcrystals (7.75 g, 95%).

l-(3-Methoxy-4-propoxy-5-cyano)-4-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl )- 1,4-butanediol (compound 133, Figure 6)

To l-(3-methoxy-4-propoxy-5-cyano)-4-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)- 1,4-butanedione (4.0 g, 9.06 mmol) in 5:1 methanol/THF (125 mL) was added sodium borohydride (617 mg, 16.3 mmol), and the solution stirred overnight. Solvent was removed under reduced pressure and the crude residue was dissolved in dichloromethane (250 mL). The solution was washed with water and brine, dried

over magnesium sulfate, and then concentrated under reduced pressure. It was used without further purification.

-?ran-.-2-(3-Methoxy-4-propoxy-5-Cyano)-5-(3,4,5- trimethoxypheny -tetrahydrofuran (compound 134, Figure 6)

To l-(3-methoxy-4-propoxy-5-cyano)-4-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)- 1,4-butanediol (9.0 mmol) in chloroform (100 mL) at 0°C was added dropwise trifluoroacetic acid (36 mmol, 2.8 mL) in chloroform (50 mL) over 30 minutes. The solution was then stirred at 0°C overnight. The solution was washed with 10% potassium carbonate, water, and saturated aqueous sodium chloride, and then dried over magnesium sulfate. The solution was then concentrated under reduced pressure and the trans isomer isolated as colorless needles from petroleum ether-ethyl acetate (3.06 g, 79%).

*rαπs-2-(3-Methoxy-4-propoxy-5-aminomethyI)-5-(3,4,5- trimethoxypheny -tetrahydrofuran (compound 135, Figure 6)

To trfl/i5-2-(3-Methoxy-4-propoxy-5-cyano)-5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyp henyl)- tetrahydrofuran (500 mg, 1.17 mmol) in THF (25 mL) was added sodium borohydride (80 mg, 2.1 mmol) and boron trifluoride etherate (400 mg, 2.8 mmol) dropwise over thirty minutes. The solution was then refluxed for four hours, cooled, treated with a few drops of 10% HCl, poured into water and extracted with dichloromethane. The organic layers were combined, washed with water and saturated aqueous sodium chloride, and then dried over magnesium sulfate. The dried solution was concentrated, and then purified by column chromatography (silica, 9:1 dichloromethane-methanol). The product was isolated as an amber oil (207 mg, 41%).

*rαns-2-[3-Methoxy-4-propoxy-5-(4-nitrophenoxy carbony -aminomethyl] -5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)- tetrahydrofuran (compound 136, Figure 6). tr tw-2-(3-Methoxy-4-propoxy-5-aminomethyl)-5-(3,4,5- trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran (207 mg, 0.048 mmol), nitrophenylchloroformate (106 mg, 0.53 mmol), and diisopropylethylamme (69 mg, 0.53 mmol) were stirred in dichloromethane (3 mL) for 12 hours. The solution was then concentrated and

purified by column chromatography (silica, 85:15 dichloromethane-ether). The product was isolated as a yellow oil (251 mg, 88%).

trαns-2-[3-Methoxy-4-propoxy-5-(N-hydroxyaminocarbonyl)- aminomethyl] -5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)- tetrahydrofuran (compound 33, Figure 6). rø/u-2-[3-Methoxy-4-propoxy-5-(4-nitrophenoxy carbonyl) aminomethyl] -5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran (57 mg, 0.096 mmol), hydroxylamine hydrochioride (10 mg, 0.15 mmol), and diisopropylethylamine (40 mg, 0.3 mmol) were stirred in dichloromethane (3 mL) for 24 hours. The solution was then diluted with dichloromethane and washed with 10% sodium bicarbonate, water, and saturated aqueous sodium chloride, and then dried over magnesium sulfate. The solution was then concentrated, and purified by preparative TLC (silica, 95:5 dichloromethane-methanol). The pure material was isolated as a colorless oil (16 mg, 34%). iH NMR (CDC1 ₃ ) 1.0 (t, 3 H), 1.75 (m, 2 H), 2.0 (m, 2H), 2.44 (m, 2 H), 3.86 (m, 12 H), 3.91 (t, 2 H), 4.42 (d, 2 H), 5.13 (t, 2 H), 6.3-7.1 (m, 4H).

trα/ιs-2-3-Methoxy-4-propoxy-5-(N-hydroxy N-methylaminocarbonyl) -5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydro-furan (compound 34, Figure

6). trαn-ϊ-2-3-methoxy-4-propoxy-5-(N-hydroxyaminocarbonyl) aminomethyl -5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran (42 mg, 0.070 mmol), N-methyl hydroxylamine hydrochioride (9 mg, 0.11 mmol), and diisopropylethylamine (0.33 mmol) in dichloromethane (3 mL) were stirred for 24 hours. The solution was diluted with dichloromethane and washed with 10% sodium bicarbonate, water and saturated sodium chloride, and then dried over magnesium sulfate. The solution was then concentrated, and purified by preparative TLC (silica, 95:5 dichloromethane-methanol). The product was isolated as a colorless oil weighing (14 mg, 40%). iH NMR (CDCI3) 1.0 (t, 3 H), 1.75 (m, 2 H), 2.0 (m, 2H), 2.44 (m, 2 H), 3.04 (s, 3 H), 3.86 (m, 12 H), 3.91 (t, 2 H), 4.42 (d, 2 H), 5.13 (m, 2 H), 6.3-7.1 (m, 4H).

trαn_»-2-3-Methoxy-4-propoxy-5-(N-Hydroxy-N- isopropylaminocarbonyl)-5-(3,4,5- trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran (compound 35, Figure 6). rαns-2-3-methoxy-4-propoxy-5-(N-hydroxyaminocarbonyl) aminomethyl -5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran (40 mg, 0.067 mmol), N-isopropyl hydroxylamine-hydrochloride (11 mg, 0.1 mmol), and diisopropylethylamine (0.2 mmol) were stirred in dichloromethane (3 mL) for 24 hours. The solution was diluted with dichloromethane, washed with 10% sodium bicarbonate, water and saturated aqueous sodium chloride, and then dried over magnesium sulfate. The solution was concentrated, and then purified by preparative TLC (silica, 95:5 dichloromethane-methanol). The product was isolated as a colorless solid (16 mg, 45%). NMR (CDC1 ) 1.0 (t, 3 H), 1.1 (d, 6 H), 1.75 (m, 2 H), 2.0 (m, 2H), 2.44 (m, 2 H), 3.04 (s, 3 H), 3.86 (m, 12 H), 3.91 (t, 2 H), 4.40 (m, 1 H), 4.42 (d, 2 H), 5.13 (m, 2 H), 6.3-7.1 (m, 4H).

trαns-2-3-methoxy-4-propoxy-5-(N-hydroxy-N- cyclohexylaminocarbonyl) aminomethyl-5- (3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran (Compound 36, Figure 6). trα/ι_f-2-3-methoxy-4-propoxy-5-(N-Hydroxy-N-isopropylamin ocarbonyl)-5-(3,4,5- trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydrofuran (59 mg, 0.1 mmol), N-cyclohexyl hydroxylamine hydrochioride (23 mg, 0.15 mmol), and diisopropylethylamine (0.2 mmol) were stirred in dichloromethane (3 mL) for 24 hours. The solution was diluted with dichloromethane, washed with 10% sodium bicarbonate, water and saturated sodium chloride, and then dried over magnesium sulfate. The solution was then concentrated and purified by preparative TLC (silica, 95:5 dichloromethane-methanol), to provide -the product a colorless solid (24 mg.,42%). iH NMR (CDCI ₃ ) 1.0 (t, 3 H), 1.1-1.8 (m, 10 H), 1.75 (m, 2 H), 2.0 (m, 2H), 2.44 (m, 2 H), 3.04 (s, 3 H), 3.86 (m, 13 H), 3.91 (t, 2 H), 4.42 (d, 2 H), 5.13 (m, 2 H), 6.3-7.1 (m, 4H).

*ra/is-2-3-methoxy-4-propoxy-5-(N-hydroxy-N- benzylaminocarbonyl)-5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydro-f uran (compound 37, Figure 6). tr < s-2-3-methoxy-4-propoxy-5- (N-hydroxy-N-cyclohexylaminocarbonyl) aminomethyl-5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-t

etrahydrofuran (53 mg, 0.089 mmol), N-benzyl hydroxylamine hydrochioride (21 mg, 0.133 mmol), diisopropylethylamine (0.27 mmol), and stirred in dichloromethane (3 mL) for 24 hours. The reaction was diluted with dichloromethane and the organic layer was washed with 10% sodium bicarbonate, water, and saturated aqueous sodium chloride, and then dried over magnesium sulfate. The solution was then concentrated and purified by preparative TLC (silica, 95:5 dichloromethane-methanol), and the product isolated as a colorless oil (22 mg.,42%). IH NMR (CDC1 ₃ ) 1.0 (t, 3 H), 1.75 (m, 2 H), 2.0 (m, 2H), 2.44 (m, 2 H), 3.86 (m, 12 H), 3.91 (t, 2 H), 4.42 (d, 2 H), 4.65 (s, 2 H), 5.13 (t, 2 H), 6.3-7.1 (m, 4H), 7.3-7.5 (m, 5 H).

Example 14: Cis and trans-5-(3,4,5-Trimethoxyphenyl)-2-

(3-methoxy-4-propoxy-

5-hydroxyethylsulfonyl)-tetrahydrothiophene (Compound 42, Figure 5)

Compounds 125 and 126 were prepared as described above.

l-(3-Methoxy-4-propoxy-5-hydroxyethylthiophenyl)-4- (3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-butane-l,4-dione (Compound 127, Figure 5). To a solution of l-(3-methoxy-4-propoxy-5-iodophenyl)-4-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphen yl)-butane- 1,4-dione (13.55 g, 25 mmol) in 100 mL of DMF was added 13.5 g (212.43 mmol) of copper powder. The slurry was heated at 130oC for 2 hours and a solution of 2-hydroxyethyldisulfide (4.88 mL, 40 mmol) in 25 mL of DMF added. Heating was continued for an additional 20 hours. The mixture was then cooled, filtered and washed with ethyl acetate. Water (125 m L) was added and the mixture extracted with ethyl acetate. The organic layer was washed several times with water, dried over magnesium sulfate and evaporated. Thecrude product was purified by flash chromatography on silica gel using 1:1 hexane/ethyl acetate as eluent (7.5 g, 61%). IH NMR (CDC13): 1.07 (t, 3H), 1.85 (m, 2H), 2.38 (t, IH), 3.13 (t, 2H), 3.41 (s, 4H)l 3.72 (q, 2H), 3.90 (s, 3H), 3.93 (s, 9H), 4.07 (t, 2H), 7.29 (s, 2H), 7.49 (d, IH), 7.73 (d, IH).

l-(3-Methoxy-4-propoxy-5-hydroxyethylsulfonylphenyl)-4-(3, 4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-butane-l,4-dione (compound 128, Figure 5). A suspension of magnesium monoperoxyphthalic acid (18.51 g, 37.42 mmol) in 60 mL of water was added to l-(3-mefhoxy-4-propoxy-5-hydroxyethylthiophenyl)- 4-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-butane-l,4-dione (9.84 g, 20 mmol) in 180 mL of acetonitrile. The solution was stirred for 2 hours, and then 600 mL of water added, and the mixture extracted with methylene chloride. The organic layer was washed with 5% sodium hydroxide solution, water, and saturated aqueous sodium chloride and then dried with magnesium sulfate and evaporated to a white solid. The solid was purified by flash column chromatography using 2:1 ethyl acetate/hexane (7.98 g, 76%). iH NMR (CDC1 ₃ ): 1.04 (t, 3H), 1.88 (m, 2H), 2.77 (bs, IH), 3.43 (s, 4H), 3.66 (t, 2H), 3.91 (s, 9H), 3.94 (s, 3H), 3.99 (m, 2H), 4.21 (t, 2H), 7.27 (s, 2H), 7.83 (d, IH), 8.21 (d, IH).

l-(3-methoxy-4-propoxy-5-dimethyl-tert- butylsiloxyethylsulfonylphenyl)-4-(3,4,5-tri methoxyphenyl)-butane-l,4-dione (compound 129, Figure 5). A suspension of 5.24 g (10 mmol) of l-(3-methoxy-4-propoxy- 5-hydroxyethylsulfonylphenyl)-4-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-but ane-l,4-dione, tert-butyldimethylsilyl chloride (1.81 g, 12 mmol), and imidazole (0.82 g, 12.05 mmol) in 55 mL of methylene chloride was stirred at room temperature for 12 hours. The solution was filtered, evaporated to an oil, and then purified by flash chromatography on silica gel using 1:1 hexane/ethyl acetate (5.42 g, 85%). ^J H NMR (CDCI ₃ ): -0.07 (s, 6H), 0.75 (s, 9H), 1.06 (t, 3H), 1.90(m,2H), 3.43 (s, 4H), 3.68 (t, 2H), 4.00 (t, 2H), 4.22 (t, 2H), 7.29 (s, 2H), 7.80 (d, IH), 8.20 (d, IH).

l-(3-Methoxy-4-propoxy-5-dimethyl-tert- butylsiloxyethylsulfonylphenyl)-4-(3,4,5- trimethoxyphenyl)-butane-l,4-diol (compound 130, Figure 5). To a solution of l-(3-methoxy-4-propoxy-5-dimethyl-t - butylsiloxyethylsulfonylphenyl)-4-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-b utane-l,4- dione (6.38 g, 10 mmol) in 90 mL of methanol and 25 mL tetrahydrofuran was added dropwise sodium borohydride (903 mg, 23.88 mmol) in 40 mL of water. After the addition was completed, the reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 3

hours, quenched with water and extracted with dichloromethane. The organic layer was dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered and evaporated to a foam (4.57 g, 71%). iH NMR (CDC1 ₃ ): -0.05 (s, 6H), 0.77 (s, 9H), 1.04 (t, 3H), 1.86 (m, 6H), 3.65 (m, 2H), 3.74 (m, 2H), 3.84 (s, 3H), 3.87 (s, 6H), 3.89 (s, 3H), 3.97 (t, 2H), 4.11 (t, 2H), 4.72 (m, 2H), 6.57 (s, IH), 7.22 (s, IH), 7.43 (s, IH).

traws-2-(3-Methoxy-4-propoxy-5-dimethyl-tert- butylsiloxyethylsulfonyl)-5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)- tetrahydrothiophene (compound 131, Figure 5). A suspension of P ₄ S ₁₀ (2.90 g, 6.53 mmol) in 48 mL of pyridine was heated at 120"C for 75 minutes. To the suspension was added a solution of l-(3-methoxy-4-propoxy- 5-dimethyl-tert- butylsiloxyethylsulfonylphenyl)-4-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-b utane- 1 ,4-diol (3.21 g, 5 mmol) in 20 mL of pyridine. The temperature was reduced to 90°C and stirring continued for an additional 90 minutes. Ice and water were then added, and the mixture extracted with methylene chloride. The organic layer was washed with water, 5% HCl, sodium bicarbonate and saturated sodium chloride solution, and then dried with magnesium sulfate, filtered and evaporated. The resulting cis and trans thiophenes were separated by HPLC using Water\'s prep Nova-Pak HR silica cartridge (9:1 hexane: ethyl acetate) to provide 580 mg (20%) of the transisomer and 145 mg (5%) of the cis isomer. Trans isomer. IH NMR (CDCI ₃ ): -0.05 (s, 6H), 0.80 (s, 9H), 1.10 (t, 3H), 1.95 (m, 2H), 2.05 (m, 2H), 2.6 (m, 2H), 3.7 (t, 3H), 3. 95 (m, 12H), 4.00 (t, 3H), 4.2 (t, 3H), 4.9 (m, 2H), 6.8 (s, 2H), 7.40 (d, IH), 7.60 (d, IH).

cis and *rαns-5-(3,4,5-Trimethoxyphenyl)-2-(3-methoxy- 4-propoxy-5-hydroxyethylsulfonyl)-tetrahydrothiophene (compound 38, Figure 5). To an ice-water cooled solution of trans-2-(3,4,5- trimethoxyphenyl)-5-(3-methoxy-4-propoxy-5-dimethyl-tert- butylsiloxyethylsulfonyl)-tetrahydrodιiophene (80 mg, 0.125 mmol) in 4 mL of dry tetrahydrofuran was added dropwise a solution of tetrabutylammonium fluoride in 2 mL of tetrahydrofuran. The solution was stirred at room temperature for two hours, and then the solvent evaporated under vacuum and passed through a small column of silica gel using 1:1 hexane.ethyl acetate to give a white solid (60 mg, 91%). IH NMR (CDCI ₃ ): 1.10 (t, 3H), 1.95 (m, 2H), 2.05 (m, 2H), 2.6 (m, 2H), 3.7 (t, 3H), 3. 95

(m, 12H), 4.00 (t, 3H), 4.15 (t, 3H), 4.9 (m, 2H), 6.8 (s, 2H), 7.40 (d, IH), 7.60 (d, IH).

Example 15: l-(3-Nitro-4-propoxy-5-methoxyphenyl)-3-

(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-cyclopentane (compound 143, Figure 7).

This compound is synthesized as set out in detail in Figure 7, following the procedure as outlined by Graham, D. W. et al. ("1,3-Diaryl Cyclopentanes: A New Class of Potent PAF Receptor Antagonists", 197th ACS National Meeting, Dallas, Texas, April 9-14, 1989, Division of Medicinal Chemistry, poster No. 25) starting from compound 114 (Figure 7). Reduction and functionalization of this compound is ^• carried out similar to that described for compounds 119-121 (Figure 3).

Example 16: 2-(5-(N-hydroxy-N-methylaminocarbonyl)- amino (substituted)-3-methoxy-4-propoxy)- 5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-cyclopentane (compound 158, Figure 8)

3,4,5-Trimethoxyacetophenone is converted to the corresponding acetylene (compound 146, Figure 8) using the procedure outlined by Negishi et al.. J. Org. Chem. 45, 2526 (1980), using diethylchlorophosphate and lithium dϋsopropylamide. 5-Iodovanillin is alkylated with n-propyl iodide as described in Example 6. The resulting alkylated aldehyde (compound 125, Figure 8) is converted to the corresponding nitrile (compound 148, Figure 8) as described in Example 13. Compound 148 is converted to the terminal alkyne (compound 149, Figure 8) via the Corey-Fuchs procedure (Corey, E.J. et al., Tetra. Lett. 3769 (1972)). The E-vinyl iodide (compound 150, Figure 8) is synthesized from compound 149 using catechol borane and iodine. Heat acetylene and catechol borate at 60°C for 3 hours. Stir resulting boronate ester with water for 2 hours. Filter boronic acid to remove catechol. Dissolve the boronic acid in THF and sodium hydroxide (3 equivalent). Treat with iodine (1 equivalent) and stir for 30 minutes. The product was isolated by standard extractive workup and column chromatography. The iodide (compound 150) and the vinyl alane (compound 147) are coupled using a palladium catalyst to yield compound 151. Compound 151 is converted to the allylic chloroacetate (compound 152) via palladium catalysis. Compound 152 is converted to the BOC protected amine, and the acetate removed via saponification to yield compound 153. Compound 153 is saturated by hydrogenation and the alcohol moieties converted to mesylates

(compound 154). Cyclization of compound 154 to the pyrrole (compound 155) is accomplished with mild base. Compound 155 is then reduced and die resultant amine (156) converted to the hydroxyurea (157) (vide infra). Finally, the pyrrole is deprotected using trifluoroacetic acid and anisole in dichloromethane at zero degrees to yield the compound 158.

Example 17: Synthesis of 2,4-Diaryl Tetrahydrofuran and

Tetrahydrothiophene (Compounds 167 and 168, Figure 9).

3,4,5-Trimethoxyacetophenone is oxidized to the corresponding hydroxyketone (compound 159, Figure 9) and then protected as the silyl ether (compound 160, Figure 9). Compound 160 is converted to the corresponding olefin (compound 161, Figure 9) using a Wittig reaction. Compound 161 is converted to die primary bromide compound 162 with 9-BBN (9-borabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane). Compound 162 is men converted to the Grignard reagent and treated with the compound 148 to yield compound 163. The alcohol protecting group in compound 163 is removed with TBAF (tetrabutylammonium fluoride) and the resulting diol (compound 164) converted to die tetrahydrofuran (165) or tetrahydrothiophene (166) using procedures described above. Compounds 167 and 168 are converted to die hydroxyureas (167) and (169) by procedures described above.

Example 18: Preparation of ϊrαιιs-2-[5-(N ^, -methyl-N ^, -hydroxyureidylmethyl)- 3-methoxy-4-p-chlorophenylthioethoxyphenyl]-5- (3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)tetrahydrofuran (229, Figures).

3-(N,N-Dimethylamino)-l-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyI)-l-propan one (compound 301, Figure 1). 3,4,5-Trimethoxyacetophenone (50 g, 237.8 mmole), paraformaldehyde (9.75 g, 304.7 mmole), dimethylamine hydrochioride (26.42 g, 324.0 mmole) and 5 mL cone. HCl were dissolved in 200 mL absolute ethanol and refluxed for 10 hours. Additional dimethylamine hydrochioride (13.21 g, 162.0 mmole) and paraformaldehyde (9.75 g, 304.7 mmole) were added and me solution returned to reflux. After 54 hours (total reaction time), 80 mL of 10% HCl and 500 mL of water were added and the solution was extracted with ethyl ether. The acidic aqueous layer was adjusted to pH 10 with 10% NaOH. The basic solution was

extracted with etiiyl acetate, dried over MgSO ₄ , filtered and evaporated in vacuo to provide 57.5 g of a yellow oil (92%). iH NMR (CDC1 ₃ ): 2.30 (s, 6H); 2,74 (t, 2H); 3.11 (t, 3H); 3.91 (s, 9H); 7.23 (s, IH); 7.32 (s, IH).

3-(N,N,N-Trimethylamino)-l-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-l-pro panone iodide (compound 302, Figure 1). 3-(N,N-Dimethylamino)-l -(3,4,5- trimethoxyphenyl)-l-propanone (57 g, 213.5 mmole) was dissolved in 200 mL of anhydrous diethyl ether. To this solution was added methyl iodide (57.6 g, 405.7 mmole). A white precipitate formed immediately, and the reaction mixmre was stirred at room temperature for an additional 2 hours. This product was isolated by suction filtration (83.8 g, 96%)

3,4,5-Trimethoxyphenylvinylketone (compound 303, Figure 1). 3-

(N,N,N-Trimethylamino)-l-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-l-propa none iodide (50 g, 120 mmole) was dissolved in H ₂ 0 (500 mL) and ethyl acetate (500 mL) was added. The mixture was vigorously stirred at reflux for 3 hours. The reaction mixture was cooled and the layers were separated. To the aqueous phase was added ethyl acetate (400 mL). This was brought to reflux for 1.5 hours. The reaction mixture was cooled and separated. The combined organic layers were washed with saturated NaCl solution, dried over Na ₂ Sθ ₄ , filtered and concentrated in vacuo to an oil which was purified by flash column chromatography using 3:1 hexane/ethyl acetate as solvent (14.7 g, 54%). iH NMR (CDCI ₃ ): 3.92 (s, 9H); 5.92 (d, IH); 6.44 (d, IH); 7.12 (m, IH); 7.22 (s, 2H).

3-Methoxy-4-hydoxyethoxy-5-iodobenzaldehyde (compound 304, Figure 1). 5-Iodovanillin (25 g, 90 mmol) in DMF (100 mL) was added to potassium carbonate (18.6 g, 135 mmol). The mixture was heated at 40°C for 16 hours. The reaction mixture was allowed to cool to room temperature and quenched witii water (500 mL) and extracted widi eώyl acetate. The organic layer was washed with water and saturated NaCl solution, and dried over MgSO ₄ , filtered and evaporated in vacuo to an oil, and then purified by column chromatography (silica, 2:1 hexane/ethyl acetate), to provide the product (16.6 g, 57%). iH NMR (CDCI ₃ ): 2.70

(t, IH); 3.92 (t, 2H); 3.92 (s, 3H); 3.94 (s, 3H); 4.29 (t, 2H); 7.44 (s,lH); 7.87 (s, IH); 9.85 (s, IH).

l-(3-Methoxy-4-hydroxyethoxy-5-iodophenyI)-4-(3,4,5-trime thoxyphenyI)- 1,4-butanedione (compound 305, Figure 1). 3,4,5- Trimethoxyphenylvinylketone (4.8 g, 21.6 mmol), 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyetiιoxy-5- iodobenzaldehyde (5.7 g, 17.8 mmol), and 3-benzyl-5-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4- methylthiazolium chloride (1.9 g, 7.0 mmol) were stirred in triethylamine (20 mL) at 60°C for 16 hours. The reaction. mixture was then acidified with 10% HCl, and extracted with dichlorometiiane. The organic layer was dried over MgSO ₄ , filtered and evaporated in vacuo. The product was purified in column chromatography (silica, 1:1 hexane/ethyl acetate) as a solid (9.7 g, 51%). iH NMR (CDC1 ₃ ): 3.41 (m, 4H); 3.90 (m, 2H); 3.92 (s, 3H); 3.93 (s, 9H); 4.26 (t, 2H); 7.29 (s, 2H); 7.57 (d, IH); 8.08 (d, IH).

l-(3-Methoxy-4-hydroxyethoxy-5-iodophenyl)-4-(3,4,5-trime thoxyphenyI)- 1,4-butanediol (compound 306, Figure 1). l-(3-Methoxy-4-hydroxyethoxy- 5-iodophenyl)-4-(3, 4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-l,4-butanedione (11.6 g, 21.3 mmol), was added to 120 mL tetrahydrofuran and 240 mL methanol. To this solution was added dropwise sodium borohydride (1.45 g, 38.4 mmol), in 60 mL water. The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2.5 hours, and then cooled, quenched with water, and the aqueous layer extracted with ethyl acetate. The organic layer was dried over MgSO ₄ , filtered and evaporated in vacuo to provide the product

(11.8 g, 98.8%). iH NMR (CDCI3): 1.84 (m, 4H); 3.84 (m, 2H); 3.86 (s, 3H); 3.87 (s, 9H); 4.15 (t, 2H); 4.68 (m, 2H); 6.57 (s, 2H); 6.91 (s, IH); 7.32 (s, IH).

frαιιs-2-(3-Methoxy-4-hydroxyethoxy-5-iodophenyl)-5-(3 ,4,5- trimethoxypheny tetrahydrofuran (compound 307, Figure 1). To l-(3- methoxy-4-hydroxyedιoxy-5-iodophenyl)-4-(3,4,5-trimethoxyph enyl)-l,4-butanediol (11.8 g, 21.5 mmol) in chloroform (100 mL) at 0°C was added dropwise trifluoroacetic acid (9.82 g, 86.1 mmol) in chloroform (100 mL) over 30 minutes. The solution was stirred at 0°C for 2 hours and then at room temperature for 1 hour. The reaction mixture was quenched widi IN NaOH and chloroform (100 mL) was added. The organic layer was washed widi IN NaOH solution, water and saturated

NaCl solution, and tiien dried over MgSO4, filtered and evaporated in vacuo to an oil which was a cis and trans mixture. The trans isomer was isolated by column chromatography (silica, 1:1 hexane/ethyl acetate) (4.7 g, 41.4%) as the faster eluting isomer. iH NMR (CDC1 ₃ ): 1.99 (m, 2H); 2.47 (m, 2H); 3.83 (t, 2H); 3.84 (s, 3H); 3.87 (s, 3H); 3.89 (s, 6H); 4.16 (t, 2H); 5.18 (m, 2H); 6.62 (s, 2H); 6.96 (d, IH); 7.39 (d, IH).

trα#ιs-2-(3-Methoxy-4-methylsulfoxyethoxy-5-iodophenyI) -5-(3,4,5- trimethoxyphenyl)tetrahydrofuran (compound 308, Figure 1). To the solution of trαns-2-(3-methoxy-4-hydroxyethoxy-5-iodophenyl)-5-(3,4,5- trimethoxyphenyl) tetrahydrofuran (4.7 g, 8.87 mmol) in dichloromethane (50 mL) at 0°C was added methylsulfonyl chloride (3.05 g, 26.6 mmole) and triethylamine (2.69 g, 26.60 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at 0°C for 2 hours and room temperature overnight. The solvent was evaporated in vacuo and the residue purified by column chromatography (silica, 1:1 hexane/etiiyl acetate) (4.17 g, 77.3%). iH NMR (CDCI ₃ ): 1.98 (m, 2H); 2.45 (m, 2H); 3.15 (s, 3H); 3.84 (s, 3H); 3.88 (s, 9H); 4.26 (t, 2H); 4.61 (t, 2H); 5.17 (m, 2H); 6.62 (s, 2H); 6.96 (d, IH); 7.38 (d, IH).

*rαns-2-(3-Methoxy-4-p-chlorophenylthioethoxy-5-iodophen yl)-5- (3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyI)tetrahydrofuran (compound 309, Figure 1). trαn$-2-(3-Methoxy-4-methylsulfoxyethoxy-5-iodophenyl)-5-(3 ,4,5- trimethoxyphenyl) tetrahydrofuran (2.5 g, 4.11 mmol) was dissolved in 50 mL ethanol. To this solution was added 4-chlorothiophenol (1.19 g, 8.22 mmol) and trietiiylamine (0.831 g, 8.22 mmol). The reaction mixture was refluxed for 16 hours and then the solvent was removed in vacuo. The residue was purified by column chromatography (silica, 3:1 hexane/ethyl acetate)(2.35 g, 87%). iH NMR (CDC1 ₃ ): 1.97 (m, 2H); 2.45 (m, 2H); 3.35 (t, 2H); 3.82 (s, 3H); 3.84 (s, 3H); 3.88 (s, 6H); 4.11 (t, 2H); 5.17 (m, 2H); 6.61 (s, 2H); 6.92 (s, IH); 7.26 (d, 2H); 7.33 (d, 2H); 7.35 (s, IH).

trβ/i5-2-(3-Methoxy-4-p-chlorophenylthioethoxy-5-cyanopheny l)-5- (3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)tetrahydrofuran (compound 310, Figure 1). trans-2-(3-Methoxy-4-p-chlorophenylύ ioethoxy-5-iodophenyl)-5-(3,4,5- trimεthoxyphenyl) tetrahydrofuran (2.35 g, 3.58 mmole) and CuCN (0.358 g, 4.30 mmole) in DMF (20 mL) were heated at 140°C for 16 hours. The reaction mixture was cooled and quenched with water and extracted with ethyl acetate. The organic layer was washed with water and saturated NaCl solution, dried over MgSO ₄ , filtered and evaporated in vacuo to oil which was purified by column chromatography (silica, 2:1 hexane/ethyl acetate) (1.79 g, 90.0%). Η NMR (CDC1 ₃ ): 1.99 (m, 2H); 2.47 (m, 2H); 3.32 (t, 2H); 3.85 (s, 6H), 3.89 (s, 6H); 4.27 (t, 2H); 5.17 (m, 2H); 6.61 (s, 2H); 7.16 (s, 2H); 7.28 (d, 2H); 7.32 (d, 2H).

-.rαπs-2-(3-Methoxy-4-p-chlorophenyIthioethoxy-5-aminom ethylphenyl)- 5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)tetrahydrofuran (compound 311, Figure 1).

To tr /w-2-(3-methoxy-4-p-chlorophenylthioethoxy-5-cyanophenyl)-5- (3,4,5- trimethoxyphenyl tetrahydrofuran (300 mg, 0.5405 mmol) in THF (10 mL) was added sodium borohydride (36.8 mg, 0.9729 mmol) and boron trifluoride etherate (191.8 mg, 1.3512 mmol) dropwise. The reaction mixture was refluxed for 1 hour, cooled, and then treated with a few drops of 10% HCl. The reaction mixture was poured into 10% K ₂ CO ₃ and extracted with ethyl acetate. The organic layer was washed wid water and saturated NaCl solution, dried over MgSO ₄ , filtered and evaporated in vacuo to an oil which was purified by column chromatography (silica, 93:7 CH ₂ Cl ₂ /MeOH) 64 mg, 2L2%). IH NMR (CDCI ₃ ): 1.99 (m, 2H); 2.46 (m, 2H); 3.28 (t, 2H); 3.84 (s, 6H); 3.88 (s, 6H); 4.26 (t, 2H); 5.19 (m, 2H); 6.71 (s, 2H); 6.90 (s, 2H); 7.25 (d, 2H); 7.32 (d, 2H)..

ϊrβΛS-2-[5-(N\'-Methyl-N ^l -hydroxyureidylmethyl)-3-methoxy-4-p- chlorophenylthioethoxypenyI]-5-(3, 4, 5- trimethoxyphenyl)tetrahydrofuran (229, Figure 1). trαns-2-(3-methoxy-4- p-chlorophenylthioethoxy-5-aminomethylphenyl)-5-(3,4,5-trime thoxyphenyl) tetrahydrofuran (54 mg, 0.0966 mmol) was dissolved in 4 mL dry dichloromethane. To this solution was added triphosgene (9.46 mg, 0.0319 mmol) and triethylamine (9.77 mg, 0.0966 mmol). The reaction mixture was refluxed for 2 hours and then

cooled to room temperature. To this solution was then added triediylamine (35.2 mg, 0.3478 mmol) and methylhydroxyamine hydrochioride (24.2 mg. 0.2898 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature overnight, and then quenched with water and extracted with dichloromethane. The organic layer was washed with water and saturated NaCl solution, dried over MgSO ₄ , filtered and evaporated in vacuo. The product was purified by column chromatography (silica, ethyl acetate) (49 mg, 80.1%). iH NMR (CDC1 ₃ ): 1.97 (m, 2H); 2.43 (m, 2H); 3.08 (s, 3H); 3.27 (t, 2H); 3.82 (s, 3H); 3.83 (s, 3H); 3.87 (s, 6H); 4.15 (t, 2H); 4.39 (d, 2H); 5.17 (m, 2H); 6.41 (t, IH); 6.51 (s, 2H); 6.78 (broad s, 1 H); 6.90 (s, 2H); 7.24 (d, 2H); 7.31 (d, 2H).

II. Pharmaceutical Compositions

Humans, equine, canine, bovine and other animals, and in particular, mammals, suffering from inflammatory diseases, and in particular, disorders mediated by PAF or products of 5-lipoxygenase can be treated by administering to the patient an effective amount of one or more of the above-identified compounds or a pharmaceutically acceptable derivative or salt thereof in a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or diluent to reduce formation of oxygen radicals. The active materials can be administered by any appropriate route, for example, orally, parenterally, intraven¬ ously, intradermally, subcutaneously, or topically, in liquid, cream, gel or solid form.

As used herein, die term pharmaceutically acceptable salts or complexes refers to salts or complexes that retain the desired biological activity of the above- identified compounds and exhibit minimal undesired toxicological effects. Nonlimiting examples of such salts are (a) acid addition salts formed with inorganic acids (for example, hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, nitric acid, and the like), and salts formed with organic acids such as acetic acid, oxalic acid, tartaric acid, succinic acid, malic acid, ascorbic acid, benzoic acid, tannic acid, pamoic acid, alginic acid, polyglutamic acid, naphthalenesulfonic acid, naphd alenedisulfonic acid, and polygalacturonic acid; (b) base addition salts formed with metal cations such as zinc, calcium, bismu , barium, magnesium, aluminum, copper, cobalt, nickel, cadmium, sodium, potassium, and the like, or with a cation formed from ammonia, N,N-dibenzyledιylene-diamine, D-glucosamine, tetraethylammonium, or ethylenediamine; or (c) combinations of (a) and (b); e.g., a zinc tannate salt or the like.

The compounds can also be administered as pharmaceutically acceptable quaternary salts known by those skilled in the art, which specifically include me quaternary ammonium salt of e formula -NR+Z-, wherein R is alkyl or benzyl, and Z is a counterion, including chloride, bromide, iodide, -O-alkyl, toluenesulfonate, methylsulfonate, sulfonate, phosphate, or carboxylate (such as benzoate, succinate, acetate, glycolate, maleate, malate, citrate, tartrate, ascorbate, benzoate, cinnamoate, mandeloate, benzyloate, and diphenylacetate.

The active compound is included in die pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or diluent in an amount sufficient to deliver to a patient a dierapeutically effective amount without causing serious toxic effects in the patient treated. A preferred dose of the active compound for all of the above-mentioned conditions is in the range from about 0.01 to 300 mg/kg, preferably 0.1 to 100 mg/kg per day, more generally 0.5 to about 25 mg per kilogram body weight of the recipient per day. A typical topical dosage will range from 0.01 - 3% wt/wt in a suitable carrier. The effective dosage range of die pharmaceutically acceptable derivatives can be calculated based on the weight of the parent compound to be delivered. If the derivative exhibits activity in itself, the effective dosage can be estimated as above using the weight of the derivative, or by odier means known to those skilled in the art.

The compound is conveniendy administered in any suitable unit dosage form, including but not limited to one containing 1 to 3000 mg, preferably 5 to 500 mg of active ingredient per unit dosage form. A oral dosage of 25-250 mg is usually convenient.

The active ingredient should be administered to achieve peak plasma concentrations of the active compound of about 0.01-30 mM, preferably about 0.1-10 mM. This may be achieved, for example, by the intravenous injection of a solution or formulation of the active ingredient, optionally in saline, or an aqueous medium or administered as a bolus of the active ingredient.

The concentration of active compound in the drug composition will depend on absoφtion, distribution, inactivation, and excretion rates of the drug as well as other factors known to those of skill in the art. It is to be noted tiiat dosage values will also vary with the severity of the condition to be alleviated. It is to be further understood that for any particular subject, specific dosage regimens should be adjusted over time according to the individual need and the professional judgment of the person administering or supervising die administration of die compositions, and tiiat the

concentration ranges set forth herein are exemplary only and are not intended to limit the scope or practice of die claimed composition. The active ingredient may be administered at once, or may be divided into a number of smaller doses to be administered at varying intervals of time.

Oral compositions will generally include an inert diluent or an edible carrier. They may be enclosed in gelatin capsules or compressed into tablets. For the puφose of oral therapeutic administration, the active compound can be incoφorated with excipients and used in the form of tablets, troches, or capsules. Pharmaceutically compatible binding agents, and/or adjuvant materials can be included as part of the composition.

The tablets, pills, capsules, troches and die like can contain any of the following ingredients, or compounds of a similar nature: a binder such as microcrystalline cellulose, gum tragacanth or gelatin; an excipient such as starch or lactose, a dispersing agent such as alginic acid, Primogel, or corn starch; a lubricant such as magnesium stearate or Sterotes; a glidant such as colloidal silicon dioxide; a sweetening agent such as sucrose or saccharin; or a flavoring agent such as peppermint, methyl salicylate, or orange flavoring. When the dosage unit form is a capsule, it can contain, in addition to material of the above type, a Uquid carrier such as a fatty oil. In addition, dosage unit forms can contain various other materials which modify the physical form of die dosage unit, for example, coatings of sugar, shellac, or enteric agents.

The active compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt or derivative diereof can be administered as a component of an elixir, suspension, syrup, wafer, chewing gum or the like. A syrup may contain, in addition to die active compounds, sucrose as a sweetening agent and certain preservatives, dyes and colorings and flavors.

The active compound or pharmaceutically acceptable derivatives or salts thereof can also be mixed with other active materials that do not impair the desired action, or widi materials that supplement the desired action, such as antibiotics, antif ungals, other antiinflammatories, or antiviral compounds.

Solutions or suspensions used for parenteral, intradermal, subcutaneous, or topical application can include die following components: a sterile diluent such as water for injection, saline solution, fixed oils, polyethylene glycols, glycerine, propylene glycol or other syndietic solvents; antibacterial agents such as benzyl alcohol or methyl parabens; antioxidants such as ascorbic acid or sodium bisulfite; chelating

agents such as ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid; buffers such as acetates, citrates or phosphates and agents for die adjustment of tonicity such as sodium chloride or dextrose. The parental preparation can be enclosed in ampoules, disposable syringes or multiple dose vials made of glass or plastic.

If administered intravenously, preferred carriers are physiological saline or phosphate buffered saline (PBS).

In one embodiment, d e active compounds are prepared with carriers that will protect the compound against rapid elimination from die body, such as a controlled release formulation, including implants and microencapsulated delivery systems. Biodegradable, biocompatible polymers can be used, such as ethylene vinyl acetate, polyanhydrides, polyglycolic acid, collagen, polyorthoesters, and polylactic acid. Metiiods for preparation of such formulations will be apparent to those skilled in die art. The materials can also be obtained commercially from Alza Coφoration (CA) and Scios Nova (Baltimore, MD).

Liposomal suspensions may also be pharmaceutically acceptable carriers. These may be prepared according to mediods known to those skilled in the art, for example, as described in U.S. Patent No. 4,522,811 (which is incoφorated herein by reference in its entirety). For example, liposome formulations may be prepared by dissolving appropriate lipid(s) (such as stearoyl phosphatidyl edianolamine, stearoyl phosphatidyl choline, arachadoyl phosphatidyl choline, and cholesterol) in an inorganic solvent that is then evaporated, leaving behind a thin film of dried lipid on die surface of the container. An aqueous solution of die active compound or its monophosphate, diphosphate, and/or triphosphate derivatives are tiien introduced into die container. The container is then swirled by hand to free lipid material from the sides of the container and to disperse lipid aggregates, thereby forming die liposomal suspension.

IH. Biological Activity

A wide variety of biological assays have been used to evaluate the ability of a compound to act as a PAF receptor antagonist, including die ability of the compound to bind to PAF receptors, and die effect of the compound on various PAF mediated pathways. Any of these known assays can be used to evaluate the ability of the compounds disclosed herein to act as PAF receptor antagonists.

For example, PAF is known to induce hemoconcentration and increased permeability of microcirculation leading to a decrease in plasma volume. PAF mediated acute circulatory collapse can be used as the basis of an assay to evaluate the ability of a compound to act as a PAF antagonist, by analyzing the effect of the compound on PAF induced decreased plasma volume in an animal model such as mouse.

Endotoxemia causes the release of chemical mediators including eicosanoids, PAF, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) that stimulate a variety of physiologic responses including fever, hypotension, leukocytosis, and dismrbances in glucose and lipid metabolism. Endotoxemia can result in severe shock and death. Endotoxin-induced mouse mortality is a useful animal model to evaluate the pharmacological effect of compounds on endotoxic shock.

Two otiier common assays used to evaluate the ability of a compound to act as a PAF receptor antagonist are platelet aggregation in vitro and hypotension in rats (Shen, et al, "The Chemical and Biological Properties of PAF Agonists, Antagonists, and Biosynthetic Inhibitors", Platelet- Activating Factor and Related Lipid Mediators. F. Snyder, Ed. Plenum Press, New York, NY 153 (1987)).

A wide variety of biological assays have also been used to evaluate the ability of a compound to inhibit the enzyme 5-lipoxygenase. For example, a cytosol 5-lipoxygenase of rat basophilic leukemia cells (RBL) has been widely utilized in studies on leukotriene biosyndiesis. Compounds tiiat inhibit 5-lipoxygenase decrease the levels of leukotrienes.

Another biological assay used to evaluate the ability of a compound to inhibit the enzyme 5-lipoxygenase is based on the classic pharmacological model of inflammation induced by d e topical application of arachidonic acid to die mouse ear. - On application, arachidonic acid is converted by 5-lipoxygenase to various leukotrienes (and other mediators), which induce changes in blood flow, erythema, and increase vasodilation and vasopermeability. The resulting edema is measured by comparing the thickness of die treated ear to a control ear. Agents tiiat inhibit 5- lipoxygenase reduce die edematous response, by lowering die amounts of biochemical mediators formed from arachidonic acid.

Example 19: Ability of Compound to Bind to PAF Receptors

a) Preparation of Human Platelet Membranes:

Human platelet membranes were prepared from platelet concentrates obtained from the American Red Cross Blood Services (Dedham, MA). After several washes with platelet wash solution (150 mM NaCl, 10 mM Tris, and 2 mM EDTA, pH 7.5), die platelet pellets were resuspended in 5 mM MgCl ₂ , 10 mM Tris, and 2 mM EDTA at pH 7.0. The cells were then quickly frozen with Uquid nitrogen and tiiawed slowly at room temperature. The freezing and thawing procedure was repeated at least three times. For further fractionation of membrane fragments, the lysed membrane suspension was layered over the top of a discontinuous sucrose density gradient of 0.25, 1.03, and 1.5 M sucrose prepared in 10 mM MgCl ₂ , 10 mM Tris and 2 mM EDTA, pH 7.0, and centrifuged at 63,500 x g for 2 hr. The membrane fractions banding between 0.25 and 1.03 M (membrane A) and between 1.03 and 1.5 M (membrane B) were collected separately. The protein concentration of the membrane preparations was determined by Lowry\'s method wid bovine serum albumin (BSA) as the standard. The membranes were then separated into smaller fractions (4 ml each) and stored at -80° C and thawed before use. b) PHjPAF Binding inhibition:

The ability of [ ³ H]PAF to bind to specific receptors on human platelet membranes was evaluated at optimal conditions at pH 7.0 and in the presence of 10 mM MgC . Membrane protein (100 μg) was added to a final 0.5 ml solution containing 0.15 pmol (0.3 nM concentration) of PH]PAF and a known amount of unlabeled PAF or PAF receptor antagonist in 10 mM MgCl ₂ , 10 mM Tris and 0.25% BSA at pH 7.0. After incubation for four hours at 0°C, the bound and unbound [3H]PAF were separated dirough a Whatman GF/C glass fiber filter under vacuum. No degradation of filter bound [3H]PAF has been detected under tiiis assay condition. The nonspecific binding was defined as the total binding in me presence of excess unlabeled PAF (1 mM) where no further displacement was found wid higher concentrations of either unlabeled PAF or PAF analogs or PAF receptor antagonists. The specific binding was defined as the difference between total binding and nonspecific binding.

To determine me relative potency of tested compounds, [ ³ H]PAF binding in the presence of inhibitors was normaUzed in terms of percent inhibition by assigning the total binding in die absence of inhibitors as 0% inhibition and die total binding in the presence of 1 mM unlabeled PAF as 100%. The percent inhibition by the compound can be calculated by the formula expressed below:

% inhibition = [(Total binding - total binding in the presence of compound)/nonspecific binding] x 100%

The IC ₅₀ was calculated as die concentration of die inhibitor necessary to obtain 50% inhibition of the specific [ ³ H]PAF binding and was calculated by a nonUnear regression computer software program, GraphPad Inplot, version 3.0 (GraphPad software, San Diego, CA). Tables 1-6 provide IC ₅₀ values for a number of the disclosed compounds.

Table 1

^♦ Inhibitions shown by percentage are at lOμM

Table 2

No. Isomer ICso 5-LO inhibition*

\'All inhibitions shown by percentage are at 10 μM

Table 3

\'All inhibition shown in percentage is at 10 μM

Table 4

NO. Isomer PAF 5-LO inhibition\'

l£5ώ (nM)

42. trans CH 30 10.5%

* Inhibition shown by percentage is at 10 μM

Table 5

217 CH ₂ CH ₂ CH ₂ CH ₃ 281.0 87.0

218 .HCl CH ₂ CH ₂ CH ₂ CH ₃ 390.6

OCH ₂ ^ _N ^,i

219

220 CH ₂ Ph 622.7 900.9

CH ₃ 0

221 CH ₂ CH ₂ CH ₂ CH ₃ 321.8 366.3

222 CH ₂ CH ₂ CH ₂ CH ₃ 16.3 479.0

N(Ph)CO-^

223 CH ₂ CH ₂ CH ₂ CH ₃ 197.4

N ⁽ P ^h) co^ r

224 Ph-p-Cl 84.2 N(Ph)CO^

225 Ph-p-Cl 6285 670.0

N(Ph)CO-^ I ^"

226 CH ₃ Ph-p-Cl 217.6 533.0

Table 6

Compounds A B ICso(nM)

PAF 5-LO

229 S-Ph-p-Cl CH ₂ NHCON(OH)CH ₃ 7.60 22.2

230 S-Ph-p-Cl CH ₂ N(CH ₂ CH ₂ CH ₃ )CON(OH)CH ₃ 7.40

231 S-Ph-p-Cl CH ₂ N(OH)CONH ₂ 33.2 34.2

232 S-Ph-p-Cl CH ₂ N(OH)CONHCH ₃ 7.06 185.0

233 S-Ph-p-Cl NHCOCH ₂ N(OH)CONH ₂ 47.5 318.0

234 S-Ph-p-Cl NHCOCH ₂ N(OH)CONHCH ₃ 3318.8

235 O-Ph-p-F 73.9 828.2

Ξ= - CH ₂ N(OH)CONH ₂

236 S-Ph-p-Cl 11.3

≡≡ — CH ₂ N(OH)CONH ₂

Example 20: Effect of Compound on PAF-induced

Hemoconcentration

a) Animals

Female CD-I mice, weighing 16-20 grams, were obtained from Charles River Laboratory (Wilmington, MA). Tap water and rodent laboratory chow (5001, Purina Mills, St. Louis, MO) were provided ad Ubitum. The mice were housed for an average of four days prior to use. b) Hematocrit measurement

PAF (l-O-al_kyl-2-acetyl-sn-glyceryl-3-phosphorylcholine, Sigma Chemical Co.) was dissolved in 0.25% bovine serum albumin (BSA) in 0.9% NaCl solution. Except for dose-response studies, 10 μg (10 ml/kg) of PAF solution was injected into the tail vein. All test compounds were dissolved in 0.5 DMSO saline solution and intravenously injected at 3 mg/kg body weight 15 minutes prior to PAF chaUenge. Thirty to fifty μL blood was coUected by cutting the tail end into a heparinized micro-hematocrit tube (O.D. 1.50 mm) 15 minutes after PAF administration. Table 7 provides d e mouse hematocrit response to varying concentration of PAF at 15 minutes after injection of PAF. Tables 8-10 provide the effect of various test compounds on PAF-induced mouse hemoconcentration; the reference compound MK287 is trαΛ.s-2- (3,4,5-trimethoxy)-5-(3-medιoxy-4-oxyallyl-(2-hydroxyethyls ulfonyl))- tetrahydrofuran. (Sahoo, et al, Bioorganic Medicinal Chem. Letters, (1991), 1, 327.)

Table 7

Mouse Hematocrit Response to Varying concentration of PAP at IS Minutes After Injection of PAP

Doses of PAF Animal number Hematocrit (%)

(ug /kg) Mean SEM

0 5

0.049 5

0.195 5

0.781 5

3.125 5

12.5 5

50 5

200 5

Table 8

Effect of Test Compounds on PAF-induced Mouse Hemoconcentration

Hematocrit(%)

Compound Animal number Mean SEM

Vehicle 11 66.5 1.5

Compound

42 5 14 5 12 5 13 5 15 5

115

216 OCH ₃ CH ₂ CH ₂ CH ₂ CH ₃ 11.2

217 CH ₂ CH ₂ CH ₂ CH ₃ 26.1 57.0

219 CH ₃ 49.6 47.8 a

221 CH2CH2CH2CH ₃ 70.4 57.0

226 CH ₃ Ph-p-Cl 23.7

* All test compounds were given intravenously at 3 mg/kg 15 minutes before PAF (10 ug/kg, intravenously) or AA (0.5 mg/ear) in mice.

Table 10

Compounds A B

Ed

229 S-Ph-p-Cl CH ₂ NHCON(OH)CH ₃ 231 S-Ph-p-Cl CH ₂ N(OH)CONH ₂

232 S-Ph-p-Cl CH ₂ N(OH)CONHCH ₃ 233 S-Ph-p-Cl NHCOCH ₂ N(OH)CONH ₂ 234 S-Ph-p-Cl NHCOCH ₂ N(OH)CONHCH ₃ 235 O-Ph-p-F ss — CH ₂ N(OH)CONH ₂

* All test compounds were given intravenously at 3 mg/kg 15 minutes before PA (10 ug/kg, intravenously) or AA (0.5 mg/ear) in mice. Ph = phenyl

Example 21: Effect of 2,5-Diaryl Tetrahydrothiophenes and

Tetrahydrofurans on Arachidonic Acid-inducedMouse Ear Edema a) Animals

The animals were obtained and treated as in Example 20 above. b) Edema measurement

Arachidonic acid was applied to both ears of mice in 0.025 ml of freshly prepared vehicle (acetone:pyridine:water) (97:2:1 v/v/v) and dried under a Sun-Lite Hitensity bulb. Except for dose-response studies, 0.5 mg of arachidonic acid was used for all appUcations. All test compounds were dissolved in 0.5% DMSO saline solution and intravenously injected at 3 mg/kg body weight 15 minutes prior to arachidonic acid treatment. Animals were sacrificed by cervical dislocation at 1 hour after topical appUcation of arachidonic acid. A 7 mm-diameter disc of tissue was removed from each ear by means of a metal punch. Edema was measured by the average wet weight of the botii ear tissues.

Tables 9,10, and 12 provide the effect of various test compounds on arachidonic acid induced mouse ear edema. Table 11 provides die mouse ear edematous response to varying concentrations of arichidonic acid at 1 hour after topical appUcation.

Table 1 1

Mouse Ear Edema in Response to Varying Concentration of Arachidonic Acid at 1 Hour A ter Topical Application

Table 12

Effect of Test Compounds on Arachidonic Acid-Induced Mouse Ear Edema

Compound Animal number Inhibition (%)

15 8 54.5

13 8 29.0

42 4 18.0

Example 22: Effect of 2,5-DiaryI Tetrahydrothiophenes and Tetrahydrofurans on Endotoxin-induced Mouse Mortality

a) Animals

The mice are obtained and treated as in Example 20 above. b) Mortality Measurement

Endotoxin (E. coli serotype 0127:B8, Upopolysaccharide, Sigma Chemical Co. (St. Louis, MO) are freshly dissolved in 0.9% NaCl solution. Except for dose-response studies, endotoxin at 50 mg/kg is injected into the tail vein. All test compounds are dissolved in 0.5% DMSO saUne solution and intravenously injected at 3 mg/kg body weight 15 minutes prior to PAF challenge. Deatii occurs typically within 12-36 hours. Mortality is recorded 48 hours after endotoxin challenge, as death rarely occurs after 48 hours. The results of these evaluations are provided in Tables 13 and 14.

Example 23: Effect of Compounds on Cytosol 5-Lipoxygenase of Rat Basophile Leukemia Cells

a) Enzyme preparation

Washed rat RBL cells (4x108) are suspended in 20 ml of 50 M potassium phosphate buffer at pH 7.4 containing 10% etiiylene glycol/1 mM EDTA (Buffer A). The cell suspension is sonicated at 20 KHz for 30 seconds, and the sonicate is centrifuged at 10,000 x g for 10 minutes, foUowed by further centrifugation at 105,000 x g for 1 hr. The supernatant solution (cytosol fraction) containing 5-Upoxygenase is stored at - 70°C. Protein concentration is determined according to die procedure of Bradford (Bradford Dye Reagent) widi bovine serum albumin as a standard. b) Enzyme assay

For routine assay of 5-LO the mixture contains 50 mM potassium phosphate buffer at pH 7.4, 2 mM CaCl ₂ , 2 mM ATP, 25 M arachidonic acid (0.1 Ci) and enzyme (50-100 mg of protein) in a final volume of 200 L. The reaction is carried out at 24°C for 3 minutes. The mixture is extracted widi 0.2 ml of an ice-cold mixture of ethyl edieπmethanol: 0.2 M citric acid (30:4:1). The extract is subjected to tiiin-layer

chromatography at -10°C in a solvent system of petroleum etheπethyl etheπacetic acid

(15:85:0.1). The silica gel zones corresponding to authentic arachidonic acid and its metaboUtes are scraped into scintillation vials for counting. The enzyme activity is expressed in terms of the amount of arachidonic acid oxygenated for 3 minutes.

Modifications and variations of die present invention relating to compounds that reduce the formation of oxygen radicals during an inflammatory or immune response wiU be obvious to diose skilled in the art from the foregoing detailed description of die invention. Such modifications and variations are intended to come wid in the scope of the appended claims.

Table 13

Mouse Mortality in Response to Varying Concentration of Endotoxin Within 48 Hours After I.V. Injection of Endotoxin

Table 14

Effect of Test Compounds on Endotoxin-Induced Mouse Mortality

Com ound Animal numb r Survival (% ⁾

13 6 83

15 5 17