The Field of the Invention

Invention relates to acclimatization system used in greenhouses having conditioned atmosphere.

Invention particularly relates to acclimatization system providing automatic adjustment of temperature and/or humidity rate in line with greenhouse ambience based on plant varieties in the greenhouse by checking temperature and/or humidity according to external atmosphere of greenhouse, and thus providing greenhouse productivity accordingly.

Background of the Invention

The periods when plant is the most sensitive to shortage of humidity in soil are the initial development periods of germination and rising following planting. Lack of humidity of soil causes too low rate of catching after planting, extreme flower and fruit loss during flowering and fruit development. In case of extreme shortage of humidity during vegetative period, plant does not develop well. However, a given rate of humidity shortage during that period will increase root development too. Humidity shortage of soil lasting long during each period negatively influences productivity. Humidity of air in greenhouses varies subject to plant variety, temperature, lightening intensity, and assimilation rate of greenhouse. Too low humidity rate prevents growth and development of plant.

One of main problems encountered in plant growing at greenhouses is water collection on plant leafs and fast development of fungus infections negatively impacting productivity and infections. Humid collection on leaf surfaces arises from failure to make adequate transpiration by plant due to high relative humidity during greenhouse air, lower temperature of leaf surface temperature than air dew point and dripping of humidity occurring on greenhouse vegetation internal surface onto plants. As plant cannot make adequate transpiration, it cannot absorb needed water from the soil either. And this causes plant growing adversely. When warm and humid air inside greenhouse touch the internal surface and other structural components which are colder than humid air, water steam condenses on surface if temperature of said surfaces is lower than dew point of air. The most effective way of preventing condensation on plant leafs is to adjust greenhouse climate according to vapour pressure deficit. For that reason, vapour pressure deficit (VPD) which is the difference between vaporization pressure of water on leaf surface and partial vaporization pressure of air must be more than 0,2 - 0,3 kPa for plant health. This value may vary depending on plant varieties and season.

When literature is searched, a document numbered TR2019/19393 can be shown as example for related art. Said document relates to greenhouse humidification system. Said acclimatization system basically comprises inflated nylon of double-fold structure inserted onto carrying frame of the greenhouse, white nylon providing insulation of dark room wherein air entering into greenhouse travel, nozzles spraying water onto air cooling curtain to cool down air flow entering dark room, air cooling curtain helping in cooling down of air flow where to water is sprayed by nozzle, water collection channel collecting excessive water during irrigation of greenhouse, water storing pool storing water collected by water collection channel and feeding it to the system, water softening device purifying lime from water to be fed to plants, acclimatization control device controlling and commanding humidifying system, rain water collection system collecting rain water and obtaining pure water, rain water storing system providing use of collected rain water in case of need. Said system is not a uniform structure system and provides cooling of hot air in greenhouse by spraying water. Therefore, it is not possible to keep cold water and humidity value at adequate level as needed by greenhouse by water spraying process.

As a result, the because of existence the said problems mentioned above and inadequacy of solutions, it has been necessary to make a development in the related art.

Aim of the Invention

This present invention relates to an acclimatization system for greenhouses eliminating above mentioned disadvantages and providing new advantages in the related art.

Primary aim of the invention is to provide automatic adjustment of temperature and/or humidity rate in line with greenhouse ambience based on plant varieties in the greenhouse by checking temperature and/or humidity according to external atmosphere of greenhouse.

Aim of the invention is to provide acclimatization good for plat varieties at various working modes in line with needs by taking bad, humid rich and/or hot air from greenhouse. Another aim of the invention is to provide homogenous distribution of acclimatized air in the greenhouse by means of greenhouse circulation fans.

Another aim of the invention is to provide intake of outside air inside in significant amount as per need of greenhouse by means of automation system or discharge of circulating air in the system.

A further aim of the invention is to provide achievement of accurate and efficient acclimatization inside greenhouse by means of uniform system.

Another aim of the invention is to provide the most productive medium where plants may grow by means of automation system having a special algorithm inside the greenhouse.

Another aim of the invention is to provide control of other acclimatization systems (greenhouse circulation fans, acclimatization system, greenhouse exhaust fans etc.) in greenhouse by means of automation system algorithm.

The structural and characteristic features and all advantages of the invention will be understood better in the figures given below and the detailed description by reference to the figures. Therefore, the assessment should be made based on the figures and taking into account the detailed descriptions.

Brief Description of the Drawings

Figure 1 is an illustrative view of acclimatization system of the invention.

Description of Part References

10. Greenhouse air absorption inlet

20. Exhaust air fan

30. Exhaust air discharge damper

40. Silica gel absorbed desiccant drum

50. Boiler

60. Combustion mixture chamber

61. Special flame chamber 70. Regeneration air inlet mouth

80. Smoke case

90. Regeneration exhaust air outlet mouth

100. Compressor

105. DX battery

110. Drop retainer

120. Fresh air absorption damper- 1

130. Fresh air absorption damper-2

140. Mixture air damper

150. Condenser

160. Condenser fan

170. Acclimatization air blowing fan

180. Acclimatized air outlet mouth

190. Automation system

200. Channel type temperature humidity sensor

210. Radiation shield temperature humidity sensor

220. Pressure transmitter

230. Expansion valve

240. Liquid retainer

250. Dryer

Detailed Description of the Invention

In this detailed description, the preferred alternatives of acclimatization system being subject of the invention have been described in a manner not forming any restrictive effect and only for purpose of better understanding of the matter.

Figure 1 shows illustrative view of acclimatization system of the invention. Accordingly, in the most basic form the acclimatization system comprises acclimatized air blowing fan (170) providing inlet of greenhouse air from greenhouse air absorption inlet (10) to acclimatization system inlet and transmission from air discharge mouth (180) to greenhouse, exhaust air fan (20) discharging greenhouse to outside, exhaust air discharge damper (30) discharging greenhouse air directly to outside in case greenhouse air is of too high temperature and/or humidity in comparison to outside atmosphere air, silica gel absorbed desiccant drum (40) collecting humidity of greenhouse air entering acclimatization system in order to bring humidity value to desired value in line with need of greenhouse air as needed by plant varieties in the greenhouse, a burner (50) heating the humid air absorbed by silica gel absorbed desiccant drum (40) in a special flame chamber (61 ) located in burning mixture chamber (60) provided inside acclimatization system, regeneration air inlet mouth (70) providing supply of fresh air from outside atmosphere to burning mixture chamber (60) during heating of humid air absorbed by silica gel absorbed desiccant drum (40) by means of burner (50) as needed, smoke case (80) wherein hot gas created by heating in burning mixture chamber (60) collects, regeneration exhaust air outlet mouth (90) providing discharge of air collected in smoke case (80) into atmosphere, a compressor (100) providing cooling of air and reducing humidity rate in case the greenhouse air entering acclimatization system is hotter than outside atmosphere air or air reaches high temperatures during heating of humid air absorbed by silica gel absorbed desiccant drum (40) by burner (50) in order to bring the greenhouse air to the temperature and/or humidity rate in line with needs as per plant varieties in the greenhouse, DX battery (105) providing discharge of heat taken from evaporator by use of coolant fluid by means of compressor (100) through loading onto coolant fluid, drop retainer (110) retaining water in the condensed air during running of compressor (100), fresh air absorbing damper-1 (120) providing supply of fresh air needed during running of compressor (100) from outside atmosphere into acclimatization system, fresh air absorption damper-2 (130) providing supply of fresh air needed during running of silica gel absorbed desiccant drum (40) alone or running of silica gel absorbed desiccant drum (40) together with compressor (100) from outside atmosphere into acclimatization system, mixture air damper (140) opening and closing during running of silica gel absorbed desiccant drum (40) alone or running of silica gel absorbed desiccant drum (40) together with compressor (100), condenser (150) cooling down compressor (100) at high temperatures during running of the compressor (100), condenser fan (160) discharging hot gas into atmosphere during running of compressor (100), automation system (190) controlling temperature and/or humidity of greenhouse air according to outside atmosphere and deciding on running of silica gel absorbed desiccant drum (40) alone or running of silica gel absorbed desiccant drum (40) together with compressor (100) in order to provide automatic setting out of temperature and/or humidity value of greenhouse air in line with needs and thus brining greenhouse air to the best acclimatization conditions.

Automation system (190) commanding operating regime of acclimatization system of the invention controls temperature and/or humidity rate of greenhouse air according to outside atmosphere air by means of sensors located inside the greenhouse. Said automation system (190) has data covering temperature and humidity values convenient for plant varieties in the greenhouse and controls temperature and/or humidity rate of greenhouse air and decides on running mode of acclimatization system by use of data it has and provides bringing greenhouse air to temperature and/or humidity rate values as per need. In this line acclimatization system may run with running of silica gel absorbed desiccant drum (40) alone or running of silica gel absorbed desiccant drum (40) together with compressor (100).

Automation system (190) is managed according to Vapour pressure deficit (VPD). Acclimatization system provides automatic setting for time of taking humidity by means of estimation of vapour pressure on plant leaf and inside greenhouse steam pressure difference in automation system (190) by an algorithm.

Greenhouse air enters acclimatization system from greenhouse air absorption mouth (10) located at acclimatization system entrance by means of acclimatized air blowing fan (170) and through air outlet mouth (180) into greenhouse.

In case greenhouse air has temperature and/or humidity rate too high from outside air, greenhouse air is directly discharged to outside by means of an exhaust air discharge damper (30) located on acclimatization system.

Silica gel absorbed desiccant drum (40) located inside the acclimatization system turns on in line with need specified by automation system (90) in order to bring greenhouse air to desired humidity value and absorbs the humidity contained in greenhouse air entering the acclimatization system and collects it thereon. Humidity absorbed by silica gel absorbed desiccant drum (40) is heated by means of burner (50) in the special flame chamber (61 ) inside burning mixture chamber (60) provided in acclimatization system, and humid air is dried. Meanwhile, supply of outside atmosphere fresh air into burning mixture chamber (60) is provided by means of regeneration air inlet mouth (70) located on burning mixture chamber (60) as needed.

Burner (50) is directed by automation system (190) and specific humidity of air passing through desiccant drum (40) is constantly estimated by automation system (190). This estimation starts with initial operation of burner (50) and continues at constantly increasing temperatures. When limited maximum 160 degrees is reached, automation system (190) provides operation of the system at a fixed temperature until initial stop after the most efficient temperature is detected also with effect of outside air conditions. After system is stopped due to scenario change and climate changes, the scenario is repeated constantly by initial operation. Burner (50) comprises a burning mixture chamber (60) durable against high temperatures and a special flame chamber (61 ). Burner (50) is active at average 500 degrees here. It is because to provide maxi. 160 degrees required for regeneration air fixed and continued. In order to provide turbulence at front part of burning mixture chamber (60), flaps adjusted with specific angle is located therein. In order to provide good mixture of fresh air absorbed into system, holes are provided for heat discharge from circular side surfaces of burning mixture chamber (60). In order to enable the best regeneration drying on desiccant drum (40), regeneration air inlet mouth (70) has a structure enabling adequate flow rate.

Hot gas forming in burning mixture chamber (60) is collected in smoke case (80) and air collected in smoke case (80) is discharged into atmosphere from regeneration exhaust outlet mouth (90) located on smoke case (80). Smoke case (80) has insulation preventing leakage of toxic gases occurring during burning into system.

During operation of heating humid air absorbed by silica gel absorbed desiccant drum (40) by burner (50), in case air reaches high temperatures or greenhouse air entering acclimatization system in line with needs specified by automation system (90) is hotter than outside atmosphere air, the compressor (100) provided in the system turns on in order to provide brining greenhouse air to required temperature and/or humidity rate as required by plant varieties in the greenhouse. Compressor (100) may run on its own as per the need of acclimatization system and may also run together with silica gel absorbed desiccant drum (40). Water drops in condensed air during running of the compressor (100) is retained by drop retainer (110). Fresh air absorption damper-1 (120) is located on one side of silica gel absorbed desiccant drum (40) where compressor (100) is located in acclimatization system in order to supply required fresh air from outside atmosphere into acclimatization system required during operation of compressor (100).

To cool compressor (100) at high temperatures during running of compressor (100) a condenser fan (160) is provided in acclimatization system for discharge of hot gas during operation of condenser (150) and compressor (100) in acclimatization system.

Fresh air absorption damper-2 (130) is locater on entrance side of acclimatization system of silica gel absorbed desiccant drum (40) for supply of fresh air needed when operated with silica gel absorbed desiccant drum (40) alone or silica gel absorbed desiccant drum (40) together with compressor (100) from outside atmosphere into acclimatization system.

Acclimatized air obtained by operation of silica gel absorbed desiccant drum (40) alone or compressor (100) alone or silica gel absorbed desiccant drum (40) together with compressor (100) in operation mode selected by automation system (190) in acclimatization system is sent into greenhouse from acclimatization air outlet mouth (180) located at acclimatization system outlet by means of acclimatized air blowing fan (170). This operation is performed via greenhouse circulation fans in the greenhouse and homogenized distribution of acclimatized air inside greenhouse is provided. Automation system (190) can be commanded via remote control.

For the most efficient automation management in greenhouse air passing inside acclimatization system, air temperature and relative humidity data are given to automation system (190) by means of channel type temperature humidity sensor (200). Continued specific humidity estimation is made at automation system (190) by use of information from channel type temperature humidity sensor (200) and acclimatization system is managed.

Radiation shield temperature humidity sensor (210) is used to measure outside atmosphere and greenhouse inside temperature and relative humidity rate. Radiation shield temperature humidity sensor (210) has radiation shield feature in order to prevent impact from harmful rays from sun and outside atmosphere negative factors and provide 99 % accuracy in measured values. VPD estimation of acclimatization system is provided by use of information received from this radiation shield temperature humidity sensor (210) in the greenhouse and special algorithm formula obtained as a result of experiments conducted by thermal camera before.

Pressure transmitters (220) read gas pressure values inside cooling system. Pressure transmitters (220) estimate gas temperatures corresponding to pressure in the place in vapour phase and also corresponding to pressure in liquid phase of gas according to type of gas used in the acclimatization system. Based on such temperatures compressor (100) in the acclimatization system is enabled to automatically determine evaporation temperatures for the most efficient humidity and cooling. In addition, the temperature nonresponding to measured pressure determines number and when and how long to operate condenser fans (160) needed for discharge of gas after cooling during performance of cooling at DX battery (105) and compressed by compressor (100) and to be discharged from condenser (150) into outside atmosphere.

Expansion valve (230) is located before DX battery (105). Coolant gas from condenser (50) is sprayed and sent to DX battery (105). Cooling is achieved by this operation. Liquid retainer (240) is a liquid retainer tank providing retaining of gas in advance for not being absorbed at liquid level damaging operating of compressor (100) during absorption of coolant gas to compressor (100). In particular, during operations under 1 bar, coolant gas can go into liquid level. Liquid retainer (240) is used to prevent it.

Dryer (250) keeps humidity even in case of too little amount of humidity in the acclimatization system and thus prevents damage to operation productivity of acclimatization system. Dryer (250) retains the humidity in the coolant inside cooling installation located inside acclimatization system (different from greenhouse air) and humidity in the installation existing before and thus contributes to efficient operation of only cooling mode.

Working principle of acclimatization system of the invention is as follow;

Automation system (90) having data covering temperature a humidity values plant varieties in the greenhouse controls temperature and/or humidity of greenhouse air in comparison to outside atmosphere by means of sensors located in greenhouse and decides on operation mode of acclimatization system in order to provide brining temperature and/or humidity rate to desired value in line with need of greenhouse air.

In case automation system (190) runs in only cooling mode with compressor (100);

Compressor (100) and condenser fans (160) are on. Mixture air damper (140) is close if outside atmosphere temperature is less than inside atmosphere temperature and is open if outside atmosphere temperature is bigger than or equal to inside atmosphere temperature. Exhaust air discharge damper (30) is open if outside atmosphere temperature is less than inside atmosphere temperature and is close if outside atmosphere temperature is bigger than or equal to inside atmosphere temperature.

Fresh air absorption damper-2 (130) is closed. Fresh air absorption damper (-1) (120) is open if outside atmosphere temperature is less than inside atmosphere temperature and is close if outside atmosphere temperature is bigger than or equal to inside atmosphere temperature.

Silica gel absorbed desiccant drum (40), burner (50) and smoke case (90) are close. Acclimatized air blowing fan (170) providing entrance of greenhouse air into acclimatization system from greenhouse air absorption mouth (10) and transmission from air outlet mouth (180) to greenhouse is open if outside atmosphere temperature is less than inside atmosphere temperature and is closed if outside atmosphere temperature is bigger than or equal to outside atmosphere temperature. Air circulation fans in the greenhouse is open as long as the acclimatized air blowing fan (170) is open.

In case automation system (190) operates only in silica oel absorbed desiccant drum (40) mode.

Compressor (100) condenser fans (160) are closed. Silica gel absorbed desiccant drum (40) and burner (50) are open. Smoke case (90) is open as long as burner (50) runs.

Acclimatized air blowing fan (170) providing entrance of greenhouse air into acclimatization system from greenhouse air absorption mouth (10) and transmission from air outlet mouth (180) to greenhouse is open if outside atmosphere humidity is less than inside atmosphere humidity and is closed if outside atmosphere humidity is bigger than or equal to outside atmosphere humidity.

Fresh air absorption damper -2 (130) is open if outside atmosphere humidity is less than inside atmosphere humidity and is close if outside atmosphere humidity is bigger than or equal to inside atmosphere humidity. Mixture air damper (140) is close if outside atmosphere humidity is less than inside atmosphere humidity and is open if outside atmosphere humidity is bigger than or equal to inside atmosphere humidity.

Exhaust air discharge damper (30) is open if outside atmosphere humidity is less than inside atmosphere humidity and is close if outside atmosphere humidity is bigger than or equal to inside atmosphere humidity. Fresh air absorption damper-1 (120) is closed. Air circulation fans in the greenhouse is open as long as the acclimatized air blowing fan (1760) is open.

In case automation system (190) operates only in silica oel absorbed desiccant drum (40) and compressor (100) mode.

Compressor (100) and condenser fans (160) are on. Silica gel absorbed desiccant drum (40) and burner (50) are open. Smoke case (90) is open as long as burner (50) runs.

Acclimatized air blowing fan (170) providing entrance of greenhouse air into acclimatization system from greenhouse air absorption mouth (10) and transmission from air outlet mouth (180) to greenhouse is open if outside atmosphere temperature is less than inside atmosphere temperature and is closed if outside atmosphere temperature is bigger than or equal to outside atmosphere temperature. Air circulation fans in the greenhouse is open as long as the acclimatized air blowing fan (170) is open.

Fresh air absorption damper (-2) (130) is open if outside atmosphere temperature is less than outside atmosphere temperature and is close if outside atmosphere temperature is bigger than or equal to inside atmosphere temperature. Fresh air absorption damper-1 (120) is closed.

Mixture air damper (140) is close if outside atmosphere temperature is less than inside atmosphere temperature and is open if outside atmosphere temperature is bigger than or equal to inside atmosphere temperature. Exhaust air discharge damper (30) is open if outside atmosphere temperature is less than inside atmosphere temperature and is close if outside atmosphere temperature is bigger than or equal to inside atmosphere temperature. Air circulation fans in the greenhouse is open as long as the acclimatized air blowing fan (170) is open.