TECHNICAL FIELD

The present subject matter generally relates to an air purification system, and more particularly, relates to an air purification system which helps in purifying large quantity of air per unit time.

BACKGROUND

Air pollution is not only the leading cause of all respiratory disorders and lung cancer but is also responsible for most cardiovascular issues. Not only does poor air quality deteriorate the living conditions but it deteriorates the body from within and reduces life expectancy. A lot of the children around the globe suffer from undiagnosed lung problems. Similarly, a large proportion of elderly people suffer from heart and lung disorders due to air pollution.

Particulate matter is the most lethal form of air pollutant. It is the term for particles found in the air, including dust, dirt, soot, smoke, and liquid droplets. These particles are measured in microns (micrometer) which is a unit of measurement for distance. There are about 25,000 microns in an inch. Particles less than 10 micron in diameter (PM10) pose a health concern because they can be inhaled into and accumulate in the respiratory system. Particles less than 2.5 micron in diameter (PM2.5) are referred to as "fine" particles and are believed to pose the greatest health risks. Because of their small size (approximately 1/30th the average width of a human hair), fine particles can lodge deeply into the lungs.

An air purifier is a device which removes contaminants from the air. These devices are essential for allergy sufferers and asthmatics, and for reducing or eliminating passive tobacco smoke effect. The commercially graded air purifiers are manufactured as either small stand-alone units or larger units that can be affixed to a HVAC unit found in the medical, industrial, and commercial industries. Air purifiers may also be used in industry to remove impurities such as C0 ₂ from air before processing. Conventionally, the air purifiers are available to be used in closed spaces such as houses, hospitals, restaurants etc. However, the air purifiers generally used are incapable of handling large quantities of air. The inability to purify large quantity of air in a given time affects the efficiency of the existing air purification systems.

Hence, there is a need to provide an air purification system which efficiently overcomes the aforementioned and other challenges.

SUMMARY

It is an object of the present subject matter to provide an air purification system.

It is another object of the present subject matter to provide various filtration stages to purify air.

It is yet another object of the present subject matter to provide a plurality of fans for air intake.

It is yet another object of the present subject matter to provide a plurality of centrifugal pumps configured to pump out air into the environment.

It is yet another object of the present subject matter to create pressure inside the air purification system for heating up the air.

The present subject matter relates to an air purification system comprising a plurality of fans, a plurality of centrifugal pumps and various filtration stages to purify large quantity of air per unit time. In an embodiment of the present subject matter, the bottom chamber will have in total 48 fans, 12 fans on each side of the structure. These fans will suck the air in from surrounding area to pass it through the plurality of filters. Right behind the fan is a curved upward metal sheet which will help give the air an upward direction to increase the Clean Air Delivery Rate. The canonical structures help streamline the air flow so as to move the air uniformly through the filters. The second stage of the process involves the filtration of the air, this is done using 9 filters in the middle chamber where, first the air will move through the Pre-Filter, then HEPA HI 4 and then Activated Carbon. Finally the centrifugal pumps at the top will help push the air out and heat up the air in the process to stop it from settling around the structure and move to a greater distance.

The air purification system further comprises a housing for purifying large quantity of air per unit time. The system comprising a plurality of fans arranged on a first side of the housing, the plurality of fans being configured to intake unfiltered air from surrounding into the housing; a first conical structure arranged on a floor inside the housing; and a second conical structure arranged over the first conical structure inside the housing, the unfiltered air sequentially passes through the first conical structure and the second conical structure for channelization and filtration.

In an embodiment of the present subject matter, the first conical structure passes the unfiltered air, for channelization of unfiltered air, to the second conical structure.

In another embodiment of the present subject matter, the second conical structure evenly distributes the unfiltered air in the housing. In another embodiment of the present subject matter, the plurality of fans are arranged on a first side of the housing.

In another embodiment of the present subject matter, the plurality of fans being arranged along a longitudinal direction of the first conical structure.

In another embodiment of the present subject matter, the unfiltered air from the plurality of fans travels to the first conical structure.

In another embodiment of the present subject matter, the unfiltered air strikes a wall of the first conical structure with a high velocity.

In another embodiment of the present subject matter, when the unfiltered air strikes the wall of the first conical structure, the unfiltered air is directed upward to the second conical structure.

In another embodiment of the present subject matter, the unfiltered air passes through the second conical structure and undergoes filtration process.

In another embodiment of the present subject matter, the unfiltered air undergoes the filtration process and passes through a pre-filter stage; a HEPA (High Efficiency particulate air) filter stage; and an activated carbon stage.

In another embodiment of the present subject matter, when the unfiltered air passes through the pre-filter stage, the pre-filter stage comprising a thick pre-filter mesh is configured to capture large particles, particularly, dust, hair, pollen, and other volatile contaminants.

In another embodiment of the present subject matter, the HEPA filter stage comprising grade filters.

In another embodiment of the present subject matter, a plurality of centrifugal pumps arranged in an upper portion of the housing, the plurality of centrifugal pumps configured to pump filtered air out into the surroundings; BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

These and other features, aspects, and advantages of the present invention will become better understood when the following detailed description is read with reference to the accompanying drawings in which like characters represent like components throughout the drawings, wherein:

Figure 1 illustrates a top view, front view and side view of an air purification system in accordance with an embodiment of the present subject matter.

Figure 2 illustrates a side view of the air purification system with a plurality of fans mounted in the air purification system in accordance with an embodiment of the present subject matter.

Figure 3 illustrate a first conical structure in accordance with an embodiment of the present subject matter.

Figure 4 illustrate a second conical structure respectively in accordance with an embodiment of the present subject matter.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The following presents a detailed description of various embodiments of the present subject matter with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The embodiments of the present subject matter are described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present subject matter is not limited to these embodiments which are only provided to explain more clearly the present subject matter to the ordinarily skilled in the art of the present disclosure. In the accompanying drawings, like reference numerals are used to indicate like components.

The specification may refer to "an", "one", "different" or "some" embodiment(s) in several locations. This does not necessarily imply that each such reference is to the same embodiment(s), or that the feature only applies to a single embodiment. Single features of different embodiments may also be combined to provide other embodiments.

As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless expressly stated otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms "includes", "comprises", "including" and/or "comprising" when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof. It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "attached" or "connected" or "coupled" or "mounted" to another element, it can be directly attached or connected or coupled to the other element or intervening elements may be present. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations and arrangements of one or more of the associated listed items.

The figures depict a simplified structure only showing some elements and functional entities, all being logical units whose implementation may differ from what is shown.

Described herein is an air purification system which comprises a plurality of fans, a plurality of centrifugal pumps and various filtration stages to purify large quantity of air per unit time. The plurality of fans is configured to intake air from its surroundings. After the air intake is done, the air hits a first conical structure of the air purification system with a high velocity. As the air hits a wall of the first conical structure, the direction of air changes with some loss in velocity and the air is directed upwards. The first conical structure for flow mechanism is fitted on a floor in centre of air purification system so as to direct the flow of inward air in upward direction without affecting its velocity, the design and dimension are taken into consideration while keeping in mind the maximum efficiency with minimal effort.

After this stage, the air passes through a second conical structure of the air purification system and the velocity of air changes at this instance. The second conical structure is placed in a middle portion of the air purification system at a distance from the first conical structure (lower cone). Further, as the air hits a plurality of filters and gets purified through various filtration stages, there are 9 different filters placed in the middle chamber, the air will initially pass through 3 layers of Pre-Filteration process where all visible/PM 10 particles will be removed from the air, subsequently it will pass through 3 different layers of HEP A H14 filters to remove all PM 2.5 matter (H14 removes 99.99% of all PM 2.5) and then move through the activated carbon filter to remove all odor, formaldehyde, benzene etc., from the air. There are 3 of each filter present inside the structure along with a replacement mechanism. Every time a filter is depleted, only the first or the bottom filter will be replaced by the 2 ^nd one and a new filter will be added in place of the 3 ^rd filter. The air passing through the filters experiences negligible loss. It will suffer some losses depending upon the different mesh present in the filters. The filtered air mass is required to be pushed out of system. The plurality of centrifugal pumps is configured to pump the filtered air out into the environment. The various filtration stages are as follows:

Pre-Filter Stage - The first three slots comprise a thick Pre-Filter mesh made up of PET (Polyethylene terephthalate) unsaturated polyester. The intensity of the mesh would be 3-5 that of a regular mesh. The Pre-Filter is used to capture dust, hair, pollen and other volatile contaminants usually referred to as the larger particles. The core property of the pre-filter is to sought out all the heavier particles to protect the latter stages involving more denser filters from getting clogged and ineffective. The said filtration mechanism includes first three slots fitted with these pre-filters.

HEPA Filter Stage - The second stage is called HEPA (High-Efficiency Particulate Air) filter where we will be using H13/H14 grade filters which have the capability to retain 99.9% of all 0.25μηι in diameter. HEPA filter is made using very dense glass fibers and thanks to these glass fibers the air is able to pass through but we retain all mould, dust and fine particles lodged in the air. This works in a two-step process, first adhesion which basically means that the pollutants are trapped and the clean air is allowed to pass freely, second step where the already captured pollutants attract newer particles passing through.

Activated Carbon Stage: The final stage is that of coconut shell activated carbon which is made of micro pores. The activated carbon is mixed with a catalyst for a longer life. It is used for the removal of formaldehyde, ammonia, toluene, acetic acid, and erodes all stale smell from the surrounding. Activated Carbon stage functions through the method of adsorption where it removes large quantities of VOCs (Volatile Organic Compounds) from the air.

The purpose of the device is to intake air using the fans at the bottom, creating pressure inside the machine, pushing the air through the filter and sending the clean air into the atmosphere at a higher rate. The pressure heats up the air slightly, making it easier for it to disperse into the surrounding areas.

Figure 1 illustrates a top view, front view and side view of an air purification system in accordance with an embodiment of the present subject matter. In an embodiment of the present subject matter, the air purification system 100 comprises a housing 102 for purifying large quantity of air per unit time. The housing 102 comprises a plurality of filters installed in the air purification system 100 for purification of air. The housing 102 comprises a plurality metal sheet cuttings 104 for mounting plurality of fans 106 arranged on first side. The plurality of fans 106 are used to intake unfiltered air from the surrounding.

In another embodiment of the present subject matter, the bottom chamber will have in total 48 fans, 12 fans on each side of the structure. These fans will suck the air in from surrounding area to pass it through the various filters. Right behind the fan is a curved upward metal sheet which will help give the air an upward direction to increase the Clean Air Delivery Rate. The canonical structures help streamline the air flow so as to move the air uniformly through the filters. The second stage of the process involves the Alteration of the air, this is done using 9 filters in the middle chamber where, first the air will move through the Pre-Filter, then HEP A H14 and then Activated Carbon. Finally the centrifugal pumps at the top will help push the air out and heat up the air in the process to stop it from settling around the structure and move to a greater distance.

Further, rectangular slits 108 are cut in sheet metal body of the housing 102 of the air purification system 100 for placing the plurality of filters. Each of the plurality of fans is mounted in a square shaped slot formed by cutting the sheet metal of the ail- purification system. The plurality of fans 106 is configured to intake unfiltered air from surrounding into the housing 102.

In another embodiment of the present subject matter, the air purification system 100 comprises a first conical structure 202 and a second conical structure 204 inside the housing 102 of the air purification system 100. The first conical structure 202 arranged on a floor 1 10 inside the housing 102 whereas the second conical structure 204 arranged over the first conical structure 202 inside the housing 102. Further, the unfiltered air from the surrounding enters through the plurality of fans 106 and passes, sequentially, through the first conical structure 202 and the second conical structure 204 inside the housing 102 of the air purification system 100. The unfiltered air passes sequentially through the first conical structure and the second conical structure for channelization of air and to undergo filtration process.

In another embodiment of the present subject matter, the first conical structure 202 passes the unfiltered air, sequentially, for channelization of unfiltered air to the second conical structure 204. The second conical structure 204 evenly distributes the unfiltered air to the plurality of filters and/or the plurality of centrifugal pumps.

Figure 2 illustrates a side view of the air purification system 100 with a plurality of fans 106 mounted in the air purification system 100 in accordance with an embodiment of the present subject matter.

Figure 3 and Figure 4 illustrate a first conical structure 202 and a second conical structure 204 respectively in accordance with an embodiment of the present subject matter.

In an embodiment of the present subject matter, the unfiltered air from the plurality of fans 106 strikes a wall of the first conical structure 202 with a high velocity. The walls of the first conical structure 202 changes the direction of the unfiltered air and directs the unfiltered air in an upward direction. Further, the unfiltered air directed in an upward direction passes through the second conical structure 204 and undergoes filtration process. The considerations made during calculation of the air quantity at various stages of air purification process are as follows:

1. The Max free air intake of a fan is 28000 cubic meter per hour.

2. All the surfaces are smooth and friction-less. In an embodiment, the total no of fans mounted in the air purification system is 48.

So, the total intake of unfiltered air = 28,000 x 48= 1 ,344,000 cubic meter per hour.

Further, as the fan is rotating with a speed of 700 RPM, and have a diameter of 900mm, the velocity of air can be calculated as follows:

The RPM to Linear Velocity formula is: v = r x RPM x 0.10472 i.e. v= 450 x 700 x 0.10472

Therefore v = 32.9868 ~ 33 m/s After the unfiltered air intake is completed, the air hits a first conical structure of the air purification system with a velocity of 33 meters per second. As the air hits a wall of the first conical structure the direction of air changes with some loss in velocity and is directed upwards. After this step the air passes through a second conical structure at its exit and the velocity of air will change as per following calculations:

Using various formulas of fluid flow we get the following data Mass flow rate in whole system: 1 ,646,400 kg/hour New velocity of air after it exits from second conical structure: 75 m/s

The first conical structure for flow mechanism is fitted on floor 1 10 in centre of the air purification device so as to direct the flow of inward air in upward direction without affecting its velocity, the design and dimension have been taken into consideration while keeping in mind the maximum efficiency with minimal effort. The height will be 3700mm so that even air coming from top fan does get deviated in upward direction, the bottom part has a diameter 6066mm so that max floor area can be covered and no loss takes place, the top part has a diameter 1 180 mm so that a smooth air flow can be achieved without any hindrances. The second conical structure is placed in a middle portion of the air purification system at a height of 5000 mm from ground so as to maintain a good distance from lower cone, the bottom part has diameter 6066mm so that maximum air flow can be captured initially, the cone will be 1506mm high as too long will affect the pressure generation required to increase the velocity of air flow, the top part will having diameter of 2520mm so that we can achieve good velocity while exiting the cone so that it hits the filters and get itself cleaned and exit the system into air with help of centrifugal pumps.

The aforesaid conical structures are made of steel sheet and fabricated using 3mm sheet and welded properly using MIG or ARC welding so as to give a good strength and will be painted so at to prevent them from any external force which may affect its life.

Furthermore, as the air hits the plurality of filters and gets purified through various filtration stages, it undergoes some losses depending upon the different mesh present in the filters. If all the extreme conditions of loss are taken into account, the maximum loss cannot be more than 10% which means the final velocity of air is approximately 60 m/s and the mass flow rate is around 1,481 ,760 kg/hour.

For said mass to be out of the air purification system, a plurality of centrifugal pumps is required to pump this air out in open environment. Further, as per the existing products available in the market, one pump can give max output of around 100,000 cubic meter per hour. Therefore, the said mass of air pumped out per hour by the air purification system of the present subject matter is equivalent to the mass of air pumped out per hour by approximately 12 conventional pumps.

As far as pressure creation and sustainability is concerned, it is negligible as air has a very low density. Hence, the purification rate provided by the air purification device of the present subject matter is approximately 1 ,300,000 cubic meter air per hour. One human being requires about 10-15 cubic meter air per day.

The purpose of the air purification system is to intake unfiltered air using the fans at the bottom, creating pressure inside the machine, pushing the air through the filter and sending the clean air into the atmosphere at a higher rate. The pressure heats up the air slightly making it easier for it to disperse into the surrounding areas.

Although the invention has been described with reference to specific embodiments, this description is not meant to be construed in a limiting sense. Various modifications of the disclosed embodiments, as well as alternate embodiments of the invention, will become apparent to persons skilled in the art upon reference to the description of the invention. It is therefore contemplated that such modifications can be made without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention as defined.