AMIDOACETONITRILE COMPOUNDS AND PESTICIDAL COMPOSITION THEREOF

The present invention relates to new amidoacetonitnie compounds of formula

wherein

Xi signifies eyano or halogen, whereby if m is greater than 1 , the meanings of Xi may be identical or different;

X; signifies halogen, cyano, C _r C _& -aiky!, Ci-C ₆ -ha!oa!kyi, Ci-C ₃ -aikoxy, Ci-C ₆ -haioaSkoxy,

Ci-C ₆ -naioaikyithio or SF ₅ , whereby if 0 is greater than 1 , the meanings of X ₂ may be identical or different;

Y is Ci-Qrhaloalkyi, SR, S(O)R ₁ S(O ₂ )R or SF _S ,

R ss Ci-Cβ-aikyS or OCVhaloalkyi, m signifies 1 , 2, 3 or 4; and rs is 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5; subject to the proviso, that Y is SF ₅ if X ₅ is cyano, each respectively in free form or in salt form, their preparation and usage in the control of ando- and ectoparasites,, espeαaiiy helminths, in and on warm-blooded animals, especial!; productive livestock and domestic animals, as well as on plants, furthermore pesticides which contain at least one of these compounds.

Substituted amidoacetonitrtte compounds having pesticidal activity are described, for example, in WG 2003/104187, WO 2005/58802 or VVO 2008/96231. However, the active ingredients specifically disclosed therein cannot always fulfil the requirements regarding potency mύ activity spectrum. There is therefore a need for active ingredients with improved pesiicidai properties, It has now been found that the amidoacetonitnie compounds of formula i have excellent pesticidai properties, especially agasnst eπdo- and ectoparasites in and on warm-blooded animals and plants.

Alky! - as a group perse and as structural element of other groups and compounds, for example haJoalky!, ^■■ is, in each case with due consideration of the specific number of carbon atoms in the group or compound in question, either straight-chained, Le. methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl or hexyi, or branched, e.g. isopropyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, isαpentyl πeopeπtyl or isohβxyϊ. Alky! is preferably methyl ethyl or n- or iso-propyi, in particular methyl.

Halogen - as a group perse and as structural element of other groups and compounds such as haioaikyi. or haiαaikoxy, - is, for example, fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine, especially fluorine, chlorine or bromine, in particular fluorine or chlorine.

Halogen-substituted carbon-containing groups and compounds, such as haioaikyi, halo- askαxy or haloaikyithio, may be partially halogenated or perhalogenated, whereby in the case of multiple hstogeπation, the halogen substitueπts may be identical or different. Examples of haiogen-aiky! - as a group per sβ and as structural element of olhet groups and compounds such as haloaikoxy or haloalkyHhio, - are methyl which is mono- io irisubsistuled by fluorine, chlorine and/or bromine, such as CHF? or CF ₅ ; ethyl which is mono- to pentasubstituted by fluorine, chlorine snόior bromine, such as CH ₃ CF ₃ . CF ₂ CF ₃ , CF ₂ CCI ₃ , CF ₂ CHCI ₂ , CFiCHF ₂ , CF ₂ CFCi ₂ , CF ₂ CHBr ₂ , CF ₂ CHCIF, CF ₂ CHBrF or CCIFCHCIF; propyl onsopropyl, mono- to heplasubstituted by fluorine, chlorine and/or bromine, such as CH ₂ CHBrCHjBr, CFgCHFCF ₃ , CH^CF ₂ CF ₃ or CH(CFjJa; butyl or one of its isomers, mono- to nonasubstltυied by fluorine, chlorine and/or bromine, such as CF(CF ₃ )CHFCF ₃ or CH ₂ (CF _? } _; CF ₃ ; pentyl or one of its isomers substituted once to eleven times by fluorine, chlorine and/or bromine, such as CF{CF _s )(CHF)jCF ₃ or CH ₃ (CF ₂ IaCP ₃ ; and hexyl or one of its isomers substituted once to thirteen times by fluorine, chlorine and/or bromine, such as (CH ₂ J ₄ CHBrCHsBr, CF ₂ (CHF) ₄ CF ₃ , CH ₂ (CFg) ₄ CF ₃ or C(CF ₃ J ₂ (CHF) ₂ CF ₃ . Haioaikyi is most preferably trifiuoromethyi (CF ₃ ).

Alkoxy groups preferably have a chain length of 1 to 8 carbon atoms- Afkoxy is for example methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, isopropoxy, n-butαxy, isobutoxy, sec.-butoxy and tert.-butoxy, as wail as the isomers pβπtyioxy and hexyloxy; preferably methoxy and ethoxy, Haioalkoxy groups preferably have a chain length of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, Haioalkoxy is e.g. fluoromethoxy, difluoromethoxy, trifiuorornethoxy, 2,2,2-trifiuoroethoxy, 1 ,12,2- tetrafiuoroβthoxy, 2-ffuoroethαxy, 2-chioroethoxy, 2,2-difluoroethoxy and 2,2,2- trichioroethoxy; preferably dϊfiυoromethoxy, 2-chloroethoxy and trifluoromethoxy, in particular triflυoromethoxy.

The variable m preferably is an integer of 1 or 2, in particular 1. if m is 1 _> the radical X ₁ is positioned, for example, in the 4- or 5~positioπ, preferably in the 5-position, of the 2--[(X ₂ ) _fl -phenoxy]~pheπαxy ting,

X ₁ is preferably cyano, fluorine, chlorine or bromine. In one embodiment of the invention Xi is cyano. in another embodiment of the invention X ₁ is halogen, preferably Fluorine, chlorine or bromine, mom preferably chlorine or bromine, and in particular chlorine,

The vanable π is preferably an integer of 1 , 2 or 3, more preferably 2 or 3, and especially 2. if π is 2, the two X ₂ radicals are positioned preferably in the 2- and 4-position of the phenoxy ring.

Each X _? independently is preferably halogen, cyano, Ci-C _ϊ -haloalkyi or C ₁ -C ₅ - haloalkoxy, preferably halogen, CF ₃ or OCF ₃ , and even more preferably fluorine, chlorine, bromine, CF ₅ or OCF-j, and in particular fluorine, chlorine bromine or OCF ₃ .

The variable R is preferably C ₁ -C ₂ -BlKyI or C _r C ₂ -rsaioaikyl and In particular methyl, eihyi or CF ₃ .

According to one preferred embodiment of the invention Y is SF ₅ . According to another preferred embodiment of the invention Y is SR or S(O ₂ )R, wherein for R the above given meanings and preferences apply; according Io this embodiment Y Is most preferably SCF ₃ , S(O ₂ )CF ₅ or S(Oj)CH ₃ . According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention Y is CF ₃ .

The compounds of the present Invention have an asymmetric carbon atom m the 1 -position labelled with (1 ^* ) in the formula !' below

Accordingly, the compounds of formula i may exist as optical isomers. The present invention includes individual βnantlomers of the compounds of formula I mixtures thereof, including racemates. The compounds of formula 1 may exist as geometric isomers. The present invention includes such compounds in the cis (Z-) or trans (E-) configuration, as well as mixtures of these geometric isomers.

The compounds of formula i may exist in more than one tautomeric form. The present invention encompasses ail tautomers, as well as mixtures thereof.

Certain compounds of formula I may be able to form salts with adds or bases. The present invention includes said compounds of formula \ m form of a salt to the extent that they are pharmaceutically or veterinary acceptable.

The compounds of formula I arid their salts may exist in unsolvated or soivated forms. The term solvate herein describes a molecular complex comprising the compound of formula I and one or more pharmaceutically or veierinaπly acceptable solvents, for example ethsπoi or water. In case of water. The term "hydrate" is used.

Preferred embodiments within the scope of the invention are:

(0) A compound of formuia 1, wherein wherein X ₁ signifies cyano or haiogen, whereby if m is greater than 1 , the meanings of K ₁ may be identical or different; X ₂ signifies halogen, cyaπo, C _r C ₆ -aikyi, C-rCs-haioalkyl, d-Cg-atkoxy or Ci-C ₆ -haioaikoxy, whereby if π is greater than 1 , the meanings of X ₂ may oe identical or different; Y is C _r C _r haioaikyL SR, S(O)R, S(O ₂ )R or SF ₅ ; R is d-Ce-aikyi or C-Ce-haioalkyl; m signifies 1 , 2, 3 or 4; and π is 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5; subject to the proviso, thai Y is SF ₅ if X ₁ is cyano.

(1) A compound of formula !, wherein m is 1; X ₁ is cyaπo or halogen; n is 1 , 2 or 3; each X ₂ is independently of the other halogen, cyano, Ci-C _;r haJαaikyl or Ci~C ₂ ~haioaikoxy; Y is SF ₅ , Ci-Crhak>a!kyl, SR, S(O)R or S(O ₂ )R, and R is CVCVsikyi or Cj-Qr^aioalkyl, subject to the proviso that Y is SF ₅ if X ₁ is cyaπo,

(2) A compound of formuia I, wherein Y is SF ₅ .

(3) A compound of formuia i wherein Y is CrC ₂ -haioaikyl, SR ₅ S(O)R or S(O ₂ )R, and each X ₁ independently of the other is halogen. (4) A compound of formula I ₅ wherein m ss 1 ; X ₁ is cyano or halogen; π ss 1 , 2 or 3; each X ₂ is independently of the other halogen, cyaπo, CrCrhaioaikyl or CrCa-haioaikαxy and Y is

SF ₅ ,

(5) A compound of formula I ₁ wherein m ss 1 ; X ₁ is cyaπo; n is 2 or 3; each X ₂ is independently of the other hatogeπ, CF ₃ or OCF ₃ , and Y Is SF ₅ ,

(6) A compound of formula I ₁ wherein m is 1 ; Xi is halogen, in particular chlorine, n is 2 or 3; each X ₂ is independently of the other halogen, CF-, or OCF ₃ , and Y is SF*.

(7) A compound of formula I, wherein rn is 1; X) is cyano or halogen, in particular cyaπo OΪ chloπne, n is 2 ; each X ₂ is independently of the other fluorine, chlorine or bromine, and Y ss SF ₅ .

(8) A compound of formula I, wherein m is 1; X ₁ is halogen, π ss 1. 2 or 3; each X ₂ is independently of the other halogen, cyano, C-rCrhataaikyi or C _r C ₂ -haloalkoxy; Y is CrC ₂ - haioalkyl, SR. S(O)R or S(O ₂ )R; and R is CrCraikyi or G _r C _r hatoa!kyl,

(9) A compound of formula I, wherein m is 1 , Xi is halogen; n is 1 , 2 or 3; each Xj. is independently of ihe other halogen, CF ₃ or OCF ₃ , and Y is CF ₃ , SCF ₃ , S(O ₂ )CF ₃ or S(Oj)CH ₃ , in particular SCF ₃ , S(O ₂ )CF ₃ or S(O ₂ )CH ₃ .

(10) A compound of formula

wherein for Xn X ₂ and π the above given meanings and preferences apply; more preferably a compound of the formula Oa) above, wherein X^ ss cyaπo or haiogeπ, in particular cyano, n is 1, 2 or 3, and each X ₂ is independently of the other halogen, CF ₃ or OCF ₃ ; in particular a compound of the formula (ia) above, wherein X-j is cyaπo or chlorine, in particular cyano, n is 2, each X ₂ is independently fluorine, chlorine or bromine, and the two radicals X ₂ are positioned in the 2- and 4-position of the phenoxy ring.

{11 ) A compound of formula

wherein Y ^' is CrCi-haioaikyi, SR, S(O)R or S(O ₂ )R, Xi is hsiogen, and for X ₂ , n and R each the above given meanings and preferences apply; more preferably a compound of the formula (Ib) above, wherein Y' is CF- _? , SCF ₃ , S(O ₂ )CF ₃ or S(O ₂ )CH^, X ₁ ss halogen, in particular chlorine, n is 2 or 3, in particular 2, each X ₂ is independently fluorine, chlorine, bromine CF ₃ or OCF ₃ , and if π is 2. the two radicals X ₂ are positioned in the 2- and Φposition of the phenoxy ring.

Within the context of the invention, particular preference is given to the compounds of formula i listed below:

N-[1-cyano-1-methyi-2-{5-chioro-242 _! 4-dich!orophenoxy}-phenoxy)-ethyi]-4-pentafluorothio- benzamidβ,

N-[{1 R) ^« 1-cyano-1 -methyi-2-(5-chloro-2-{2,4-dichlorophβπoxy ⁱ }-pheπoxy}-θthyll-4- peπtaflυoroth io-benzamide ,

N-[(iS}-1~cyano~i~methyt~2~{5~chioro-2-{2 ₎ 4-dichloropheπoxy}-ρhenoxy)~eihy!]-4- pentafiuorothso-benzamsde,

N-[1 -cyano-1 -methyl-2-{5-cyano-2-{2 _i 4-dichiorophenoxy}-phsnoxy}~ethyi]-4-pentaf!uorothio-

N~[(1 R)-1 -cyano-i-methyi~2'(5~cyaπθ'2-{2,4-dichiorophenoxy}-pheπox y}-ethyi]~4- pentafluorothio-beπzamids, N-{(1S)-1~cyaπo-i-methy!--2~{5~cyanθ'2-{a,4~diciiioropheπ oxy}~phenoxy}-ethylH~ peπtafluorothso-beπzamide, h3~[1-cyano~1~methyi-2-{5-cyano-2-{2-bromo-4-fiuoropheπoκy }-phenoxy)-ethylj-4- pentafluorothiobenzamide,

N-[{1R)-1-cyano-1~methyl-2~(5-cyano~2-{2-bromo-4-fiυorop henoxy}~pheπoxy}-ethyl]-4- pβntafiuorothiobenzaroscle,

N-[( 1 S )~ 1 -cyano- 1 -methyl~2-{5-cyano-2-{2-bromo-4~f ! uorophenoxy}-phenoxy )-ethy1]~4- pθntafiuofothio-bsnzamidβ,

N-[1-cyaπo-1-methyi-2-{5-cyano-2-{2*di!oro-4-f!uorύphβ πoxy}~phenoxy}-ethyi]-4- pentafluorothio-benzamide,

M~[( 1 R)-1 ~cyaπo~1 -methy!~2-{5-cyano-2-{2-ch toro-4~tluorophenoxy>-phenoxy)-eihyJ]-4- pentaflυo rothio-benzam ide,

N-[{1S}-1 -cyano*1 -methyi-2-(5-cyano-2-{2-chioro-4-fiuoropheno5(y}-phenoxy)-et hy!}-4- pentaHuorothlo-benzamide,

N-[1-cyano-1-methy!-2-{5-cy3no-2-{2~chloro-4-trifiuoromet hoxy~phenoxy}-ρheπoxy)-ethyij- peπtaflυorothio-beπzamϊde,

N-[{iR)~1~cyano-1-methyi-2-(5-cyano-2-{2-chloro"4~triHuor oiT!ethoxy-pherioxy}-phenoxy}- ethyi]-4-pentaf!uorothio-benzamide ₁

N-[{ 1 S)- 1 -cyano~1 ~methy1-2~(5-cyano-2-{2-ch!oro-4-trifiuoromethoxy-phenoxy}-p henoxy)- ethyiH-pentafSuorothio-benzamide,

N~[1-cyanO"1~methyl-2-{S-Ghloro-2-{2,4-<lichtorophenox y}-phenoxy)-ethylJ-4-tnf!uoro- mβihylthio-benzamide,

N~[(1R)-1-oyano-1~methyi-2~(5~ch!oro-2-{2 _l 4-dich!orophenoxy}-phenoxy)~ethyl]-4-triffuoro~ methyithio-benzamtde,

N-[{1S)-1-cyano~1-methyi»2-{5-chloro-2 ^» {2,4-dichlorophenoxy}~pheπoxy) ^» ethyl]-4-trifiuofO- methylthio-benzamide,

N-[1-cyaπo-1-methyi-2-{4-chioro~2~{2,4~dich!orophenoxy}- phenoxy)-βthy!j~4~trif!i!oro- methyithio-bβnzamide,

N-[(1 R)-1-cyaπo-1-methy!-2-{4-chioro-2-{2,4-dSch!oropheπoxy}-ph eπoxy)-ethy1]-4-trif!tioro- methylthio-beπzamide,

N-|{iS)-1-cyano-1-m8thy!-2~{4~ch!oro-2-{2,4-dichioropheno xy}-pheπoxy)~ethyi]-4-tπfiυoro-

N-[1-cyaπo-1-methyi-2-(5-chlorø-2-{2-bromo-3,5-difluoro phΘnoxy}-phaπoxy>-8thyl]-4-tπfiuoro- methyithio-benzamsdβ, N4(1 R}"1"Cyano-1-methyl-2-(5-c.titorθ"2~{2"bromo--3,5^^υofophe πoxy}-phenoxy)-ethyiH" irlfluoromelhylthiϋ-beπzsmkie,

N~[(1S)-1-cyanO"1-m8tliyf--2--(5--cliloro-2-{2--bfomo--3, 5--difluorophenoxy}--phenoxy)-ethyl]--4- trsfluoromβthylthio-benzamide,

N~π-cyaπo~1-methyl-2-(4~bromo~242/*<i5chlorOphenoxy} -phenoxy)"βihy!]~4~tπf1uoro- methylthio-benzamkie,

N-[(1 R}-1-cyBπr>i-iTiβ!hyl-2-(4-bromo~2~{2,4-dschiorophenoxy }"pheπoxy}--ethy1|"4"tr!f!uoro- mθihyiihio-benzamidβ,

N-[{1 S)-I -cyaπo-1-methyl-2-{4-bromo-2-{2,4<iscntorophenoxy}-pheno xy)~θthy1r4-tfif suofo- methyiihso-benzamJde,

N-[ 1 -cyano- 1 -meιhyl~2~{5<iiiioro-242 _i 4-dich!c<ropheπoxy}--pheπoxy>θέhy!]-4--m8thy 1su!fony!- benzamkse,

N-[( 1 R)-I -cyaπo-1 -methyl"2--(5--chloro-2-{2 ,4-dichiorophβnoxy}-phβnoxy)~βthyi]-4- methyisυlfonyl-benzamide,

K4( 1 S)-1 -cyano-1 -methy!-2-(5-chioro~2-{2,4~dichioropheπoxy}-phenoxy}-ethyl] ~4~ methyisulfoπyl-benzamide.

The compounds of the present invention may be prepared, for example, by a process characterised in that a compound of formula

wherein X^ X ₂ , rπ and π are defined as given for formula f, is reacted with a compound of formula wherein Y is defined as given for formula i and Q is a leaving group, optionally in IHa presence of a basic catalyst, and \i desired, a compound of formula 1 obtainable according io the method or in another way, respectively in free form or m salt form, is converted into another compound of formula 1, a mixture of isomers obtainable according to the method is separated and the desired isomer isolated and/or a free compound of formula \ obtainable according to the method is converted into a salt or a salt of a compound of formula I obtainable according to the method is converted into the free compound of formula \ or into another salt.

What has been slated above for salts of compounds I also applies analogously to salts of the starting materials listed hereiπabove anό hereinbefow.

The reaction partners can be reacted with one another as they are, i.e. without the addition of a solvent or diluent, e.g. in the melt In most cases, however, the addition of an inert solvent or diluent, or a mixture thereof, is of advantage. Examples of such solvents or diluents are: aromatic, aliphatic and aiicyciϊc hydrocarbons and haiogenaied hydrocarbons, such as benzene, toluene, xylene, mesiiyiene, telraiine, chtorofaenxene, dichlαrobenzene, bromσbenzenβ, petroleum ether, hexane _f cyciohexane, diehioromethane, trichioromethanβ, tetraehlorornethane, dichioroethane, triohloroeihene or tetraehloroetheπe; ethers, such as diethyl ether, dipropyl ether, diisopropyl ether, difoυtyi ether, tert-bυtyl methyl ether, ethylene giyco! monomeihyi ether, ethylene glycol monoethy! ether, ethylene glycol dimethyiether,, dimethoxydiethyielher, tetrahydrofuraπ or dioxane; ketones such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone or methyl isohuty! ketone; amides such as N,N-dimethyJformamide, N,N~diethyi~ t ^' ormamsde, N,N-dimethyiacetamicle, N-methyipyrroisdoπe or hexamethyiphosphoric acid iπamide: nilπles such as acetoπitriie or propionitriie; and sulfoxides, such as dimethyl sulfoxide.

Preferred leaving groups Q are halogens, tosyϊates, mesylates and Inflates, most preferably halogens, especially chlorine.

Suitable bases for facilitating the reaction are e.g. alkali metal or alkaline earth metal hydroxides, hydrides, amides, aikanolatβs, acetates, carbonates, dialkyiamides or alkyfeilyl- amides; alkyiamines, alkytenedianmnes, optionally M-alkyiated, optionally unsaturated, cycio- aikyianiines, basic heterocycles, ammonium hydroxides, as well as carbocyciϊc amines. Those which may b© mentioned by way of example are sodium hydroxide, hydride, amide, methanoiate, acetate, carbonate, potassium tβrt.-butaπoiata, hydroxide, carbonate, hydride, lithium diisopropyiamide, potassium bis(trirnethyisilyl}-amide, calcium hydride, triethyiamine, diisopropyiethyiamine, triethylenediamine, cyclohexylamirte, N-cyciohexyl-N.N-dSmethyl- amine, M,M"diethy1aniline, pyridine, ^{N.N-dimethylamiπoJpyridlne, quinuclidine, N~methyi~ morpholine, benzyltrimethylammonium hydroxide, as well as 1 ₍ 5-diazabicyeto[5.4.0]undec-S- eπe (DBU), Preference is given to diisopropyiefhyiamina anά 4-(N,N"diniethyianiino}ρyridine,

The reaction advantageously takes place in a temperature range of ca. O ⁰ C to ca, 100 ^S C , preferably from ca. 10 ^β C to ca. 40 ⁰ C . Salts of compounds I may be produced in known manner. Acid addition salts, of compounds i, for example, are obtainable by treatment with a Suitable acid or a suitable ion exchange reagent, and salts with bases are obtainable by treatment with a suitable base or a suitable ion exchange reagent.

Salts of compounds I can be converted into the free compounds I by the usual means, add addition salts e.g. by treating with a suitable basic composition or with a suitable ion exchange reagent, and sails with bases e.g. by treating with a suitable add or a suitable Ion exchange reagent.

Salts of compounds \ can be converted snto other salts of compounds S in a known manner; acid addition salts can be converted for example into other acid addition salts, e.g by treating a salt of an inorganic SdCl ₅ such as a hydrochloride, with a suitable metal salt, such as a sodium, barium, or silver sail, of an acid, e.g, with silver acetate, in a suitable solvent, in which a resulting inorganic salt, e.g, silver chloride, is insoluble and thus precipitates out from the reaction mixture.

Depending on the method and/or reaction conditions, compounds \ with salt-forming characteristics can be obtained in free form or in the form of salts.

Compounds I can also be obtained in the form of their hydrates and/or also can include other solvents, used for example where necessary for the crystallisation of compounds present in solid form.

As mentioned before, the compounds of formula !, Ia or Ib may be optionally present as optical and/or geometric isomers or as a mixture thereof. The invention relates both to the pure isomers and to ail possible isomeric mixtures, and is hereinbefore and hereinafter understood as doing so, even if stereochemical details are not specifically mentioned in every case.

Diastereoisomeric mixtures of compounds of formula I, Ia or Ib ₁ which are obtainable by the process or in another way, may be separated in known manner, on the basis of the physical- chemical differences in their components, into the pure diastereoisomers, for example by fractional crystallisation, distillation and/or chromatography.

Splitting of mixtures of enartfiσrøers, that are obtainable accordingly, into the pure isomers, may be achieved by known methods, for example by recrystalHsation from an optically active solvent, by chromatography on chiral adsorbents, e.g. high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPlC) on acetyl cellulose, with the assistance of appropriate micro-organisms, by cleavage with specific immobHised enzymes, through ih& formation of inclusion compounds, e.g. ussng chiral crown ethers, whereby only one enantiomer is compiexed. A preferred process for enantiomer separation is disclosed in VVO 2006/50887.

According to the invention, apart from separation of corresponding isomer mixtures, generally known methods of diastereoseiective or enantioseiective synthesis can also be applied to obtain pure diastβreoisαrnβrs or eπaπtiomers, e.g. by carrying out the method of the invention using sdυcts with correspondingly suitable stereochemistry it is advantageous to isolate or synthesise the biologically more active isomer, e.g. enantiomer, provided that the individual components have differing biological efficacy, fn general, concerning the compounds of formula I ₁ one of the enantiomers is biologically more active than the other. A preferred embodiment of the invention concerns the (1S)- compounds of the above give formula \\ wherein for X ₁ , X ₂ , Y, rn and π each the above given meanings and preferences apply.

In the method of the present invention, the starting materials and intermediates used are preferably those that lead to the compounds \ described a! the beginning as being especially- useful.

The starting materials of fomuia §1 are known, for example, from VVO 2003/104187 or WO 2005/58802 or may be obtained by a process analogous to fhe ones described therein. The starting materials of the formula Hi are likewise known, for example, from WO 2003/104187, WO 2005/58802 or VVO 2008/96231.

The compounds ! according to the invention are notable for their broad activity spectrum and are valuable active ingredients for use in pest control including in particular the control of endo- and ecto-parasitβs, especially helminths, In and on warm-blooded animals, especially livestock and domestic animals, whilst being weii-toierated by warm-blooded animals and fish.

in the context of the present invention, ectoparasites are understood to be in particular insects, mites and ticks. These include insects of the order: L&piάcψiera, Co/eoptera, Hornopiara, Hθteropiθra, Dφtera, Thysβnoptera. Orthoptera, Anoptura, Sψhonaplera, Maiiopftag®, Thysanura, Isoptera, Psocopiera and Hyrnenoptera. However, the ectoparasites which may be mentioned In particular are those which trouble humans or animals and carry pathogens, for example flies such as Musca dom&sϋca, Musca velustissfma, Musca autumnaiis, Fannia canicuf&ήs, Sarcophaga carna ^ή a, Lucilta cuprina, Hypoderma bovis, Hypoderma lineatυm, Chrysomyia chtompyga, Dermaiobia hominis, Cochliomyia bαminivαrm, Gasterαphiius intestinalis, Oestrus ovis, Stαrnoxys calcitrans, Haemaiohia ϊrriians and midges (N&matocera), such as CuHoiάaβ, Simuliida&, Psychoϋidae, but also blood-sucking parasites, for example fleas, such as Gtenocephaiides feiis and Gtenocephafidβs canss (cat and dog fleas), Xβnopsyiia ch&opls, Pulex irriians, D&rmatophiius penetrans, lice, such as Qamslioa ovis, Pediculus humanis, biting fiies and horse-flies (Tabartidae), Haemaiopota $pρ. such as Ha&matopota ptuviaiis, Tabanid&εi spp, such as Tabanus nigmvittatus, Chr/sopsinaβ spp. such as Chrysops caecutiens, tsetse flies, such as species of Glossinia, biting insects, particularly cockroaches, such as Blaieiia germanica, Bfaiia oή&ntalis, Penpianeta arn&ricanθ, miles, such as Dermanyssus galiinaβ, Sarcoptes scahiθL Psomptes ovis and Psorβrgates spp. and last but not ieast ticks. The latter belong to the order Acarina Known representatives of ticks are, for example, Boophilus, Ambiyomma, Anoαentαr, Dermacentor, Haem&physatis, Hyatomtna, Ixod&s, RMpicentor, Mørgaropus, Rhipicephaiυs, Argas, Otobiυs and Qrntthodoros and the like, which preferably infest warm-blooded animals including farm animals, such as cattle, pigs, sheep and goats, poultry such as chickens, turkeys and geese, fυr-beaπng animals such as mink, foxes, chinchillas, rabbits and the like, as weii as domestic animate such as cats and dogs, but also humans.

The compounds I according to the invention are also active against ail or iπdsvidual development stages of animal pests showing norma! sensitivity, as well as those showing resistance, such as insects and members of the order Acarina. The insβctiddai, αvicirja! and/or acaricidai effect of the active substances of the invention can manifest itself directly. i.e. kiiiing the pssfs either immediately or after some time has elapsed, for example when moulting occurs, or by destroying their eggs, or indirectly, e,g, reducing the number of eggs laid and/or the hatching rate, good efficacy corresponding to a pesiieida! rate (mortality) of at least 50 to 80%.

Compounds I can afso be used against hygiene pests, especially of the order DiptBra of the families Sarcophagidae, Anαphilidae and Guticidae; the orders Qrtbopiera, Dsciyoptera (e.g. the family B!aiiida&) and Hymenoptera (e.g. the family Pormicidae). in particular,- the compounds are effective against helminths, in which the endoparasitie nematodes and trematodes may be the cause of serious diseases of mammals and poultry, e.g. sheep, pigs, goats, cattle, horses, donkeys, dogs, cats, guinea-pigs and exotic birds. Typical nematodes of this indication are; Haemonchυs, Tήchostrongyiυs, Ostertagis, Nematodirus, Cooper/a, Ascaris. Bυnostonum. Qθsophagostonum, Charb&riia, Trichuris, Strongyius, Trichonema, Dictyocaυius. Capiitaria, H&t&rakis, Toxooara, Asoaritiia, Qxyuris, Ancyiostoma, Undna ^ή a, Toxascaris and Parascaris, The trβmatodes include, in particular, the family of Fascioiideae, especially Fascioia ftepaf/ca,

it could also be shown surprisingly and unexpectedly that the compounds of formula I have exceptionally high efficacy against nematodes that are resistant to many active substances. This can be demonstrated in vitro by [he LDA test and in vivo for example in Mongolian gerbils and sheep. It was shown that amounts of active substance which kill sensitive strains of Haemoncbus contortus or Tαchosirongylus coiubnformis, are also sufficiently effective at controlling corresponding strains that are resistant to beπzimidazoSes, ievamisoS and macrocyclic lactones (for example ivermectin).

Certain pests of the species N&matodirus, Goopβria and Oesophagostonum infest the intestinal tract of the host animal, while others of the species Haemonchus and Qstertagia are parasitic in the stomach and those of the species Dbtyocaυlus are parasitic in the iuπg tissue. Parasites of the families Fiiariidae and Sθtariidae may be found in the internal ceil tissue and in the organs, e.g. the heart, the blood vessels, the lymph vessels and the subcutaneous tissue. A particularly notable parasite is the heartworm of the dog, Diroftlaria immstis. The compounds of formula 1 &r® highly effective agasnst these parasites. The pests which may be controlied by the compounds of formula i also include those from the class of Cestoda (tapeworms), e.g. the families Mesocestσida®, especially of the genus MΘsαc&stoid&s, in particular M. iineatus; Qiiepididβ, especially Oipyϊidium c&ninum, Joyeuxi&tia spp., in particular Joyeυxiβila pasquaii, and Diptopylldium spp., and Taeniidae, especially Taenia pisifcrmis, Taenia cervi, Taenia ovis, Tan&ia hydatigena. Taenia multic@p$,Ta&nia taeniaeformis, Taenia seήalis, anά Echinocυccυs spp,, most preferably fane/a hydatigøna, Taθnia ovis. Taenia mυiticβps, Taenia senaiis; Echmocucciss granulosus anά Echinococcυs granulosus and Echinococcus muitihouians, as well as Mutticeps muiiio&ps. The compounds of formula I are also suitable for the control of Cocddsose, which can appear especially απ pigtets and chickens. Apart from CoIi bacteria and Closfridiae, CoccidiΘθ are one of the most important causes of diarrhoea of unweaned piglets. The most important type in the ease of piglets Ls ϊsospora sυis. The piglets become infected with the oocysts (spores) of isospora suis through the mouth. The oocysts Emigrate into the small intestine, where they penetrate into the small Intestinal mucosa. There, they pass through various stages of development. Between the fifth anά ninth and the 11th to 14th day after infection, the Coccidiaθ emerge from the intestinal mucosa and are then detectable again in the faeces. This outbreak causes great damage to the intestinal mucosa. The piglets react by exhibiting partly yellowish - pasty to watery diarrhoea, It has a rancid small Occasionally, individual piglets vomit. It is customary for the diarrhoea to occur between the eighth and fifteenth day of age.

Most particularly, Taenia hydθϋgθna, T. pisifonwis, T. ovss, T. taeniaeformis, Muiliceps mαiticeps, Joy&uxtelia pasquali, Dipylidium caninυm. Mesocestoides spp,, Echinococcυs granulosus and E. muHUocuiaris are controlled on or in dogs and cats simultaneously with Dirofilana immttis, Aocyiostoma ssp,. Joxocara ssp.and/or Trichuris vuipis. Equally preferred. Ct&nocBpbaiides f&iis and/or C, cants are simultaneously controlled with the above- mentioned nematodes and cestodβs.

Furthermore, the compounds of formula I are suitable for the control of human pathogenic parasites. Of these, typical representatives that appear in the digestive tract are those of the species Ancyhstoma, Necaior, Ascarϊs, Strongyfoides, Trichinβila, Capiit&ria, Trichuήs and Enterαbius. The compounds of the present invention are also effective against parasites of the species Wuch&fθria, Brugϊθ, Onchocerca and Loa from the family of Fifariidae, which appear in the blood, in the tissue and in various organs, and aiso against Dracuncυϊus and parasites of the speαes Strongytoides and Trichinefia, which infect the gastrointestinal tract in particular.

in addition, the compounds of formula I are also affective against harmful and pathogenic fungi on humans and animals.

The good pesticidal activity of the compounds of formula I according to the invention corresponds to a mortality rate of at least 50-60% of the pests mentioned. In particular, the compounds of formula ! are notable for the exceptionally long duration of efficacy. The compounds of formula \ are preferably employed in unmodified form or preferably together with the adjuvants conventionally used in the art of formulation and may therefore be processed in a known manner to give, for example, emuisifiabie concentrates, directly dilufabie solutions, dilute emulsions, soluble powders, granules or microencapsulations in polymeric substances. As with the compositions, the methods of application are selected in accordance with the intended objectives and the prevailing circumstances. The formulation, i.e. the agents, preparations or compositions containing the active ingredient of formula I, or combinations of these active ingredients with other active ingredients, and optionally a soisd or liquid adjuvant, are produced in a manner known per as, for example by intimately mixing and/or grinding the active ingredients with spreading compositions, for example with søb/enls, solid carriers, snd optionally surface-active compounds (surfactants).

The solvents in question may be: alcohols, such as ethaπoi, propane! or bυtaπol, and glycols and their ethers and esters, such as propylene glycol, dspropyiene glycol ether, ethylene glycol ethylene glycol monomethy! or -ethyl ether, ketones, such as eyclohexanone, isophαrαne or diaeetanol alcohol, strong polar solvents, such as N-methyi-2-pyrroiidone, dimethyl sulfoxide or dimethyiformarnide, or water, vegetable oils, such as rape, castor, coconut, or soybean oil, and aiso, if appropriate, silicone oils.

Preferred application forms for usage on warm-blooded animals in the control of helminths include solutions, emulsions, suspensions (drenches), food additives, powders, tablets including effervescent tablets, boSi, capsules, micro-capsules and pour-on formulations, whereby the physiological compatibility of the formulation excipients must be taken into consideration.

The binders for tablets and boh may he chemically modified polymeric natural substances that are soluble in water or in alcohol, such as starch, cellulose or protein derivatives (e.g. methyl cellulose, carboxymethy! cellulose, ethyihydroxyelhyi ceiiuiose, proteins such as zein, gelatin and the like), as well as synthetic polymers, such as polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl pyrrolicJone etc. The tablets also contain fillers (e.g. starch, microcrystalliπβ cellulose, sugar, lactose etc.), giidants and disiπtegrants

If the anthelmintics are present sn the. form of feed concentrates, then the carriers used are e.g. performance feeds, feed grain or protein concentrates. Such feed concentrates or compositions may contain, apart from the active ingredients, also additives, vitamins, antibiotics, chernotherβpeυiics or other pesticides, primarily bacteriosiats, fungislats, coccidiostats, or even hormone preparations, substances having anabolic action or substances which promote growth, which affect the quairty of meat of animate for slaughter or which are beneficial to the organism in another way. Sf the compositions or the active ingfβdients of formula i contained therein are added directly to feed or to the drinking troughs, then the formulated feed or drink contains the active ingredients preferably in a concentration of ca. 0.0005 to 0.02 % by weight (5-200 ppm).

The compounds of formula ! according to the invention may be used atone or in combination with other biααdes They may be combined with pesticides having the same sphere of activity e.g. to increase activity, or with substances having another sphere of activity e.g. to broaden the range of activity. It can also be sensible to add so-caiied repellents, if ϊh® range of activity is to be extended to βndoparasites, e.g. wormers, the compounds of formula I are suitably combined with substances having antiparasitic properties. Of course, they can also be used in combination with antibacterial compositions. Since the compounds of formula i are aduJticides, i.e. since they are effective in particular against the adult stages of the target parasites, the addition of pesticides which instead attack the juvenile stages of the parasites may be very advantageous, in this way, the greatest part of those parasites that produce great economic damage wi be covered. Moreover, this action wiH contribute substantially to avoiding the formation of resistance. Many combinations may also iβad to synergistic effects, i.e. the total amount of active ingredient can be reduced, which is desirable from an ecological point of view. Preferred groups of combination partners and especially preferred combination partners are named in the following, whereby combinations may coniaiπ one or more of these partners in addition to a compound of formula L

Suitable partners in the mixture may be hioeidas, e.g. the insecticides and aearieides with a varying meehanssm of activity, which are known to the person skilled in the art, e.g. ehitirt synthesis inhibitors, growth regulators; active ingredients which act as juvenile hormones; aclsve ingredients which act as aduificides; broad-band insecticides, broad-band acancides and oernslicides, and also the well known anthelmintics, insect- and/or acaπd-detβrππg substances, repellents, detachers or synergists. Non-limitative examples of suitable insecticides and acaricides are mentioned in WG 2009/071500, compounds Hos, 1~2δ4 on pages 18-21 , Non-ismstativa examples of suitable anthelmintics are mentioned in WO 2009/071500, compounds (A1) ~ (A31) on page 21 Non-Hmitaiive examples of suitable repellents and detachers are mentioned in VVO 2009/071500, compounds (RI) -(RZ) on page 21 and 22. Non-limitative examples of suitable synergists are mentioned in VVO 2009/071500, compounds (Si ) -(SS) on page 22.

Accordingly, a further βssentsa! aspect of the present invention relates to combination preparations for the control of parasites on warm-blooded animals, characterised in that they contain, In addition to a compound of formula I, at least one further active ingredient having the same or different sphere of activity and at least one physiologically acceptable carrier. The present invention is not restricted to twofold combinations.

In one embodiment of the invention, the compound of formuia i is used in combination with one or more further anthelmintic agents. Such a combination may reduce further the likelihood of resistance developing. Suitable further anthelmintic agents include:

(i) a macrocycϋc lactone, for example ivermectin, avemiectin, abamectin, βmamβciin, eprinomectin, dorarneetin, seiamectin, moxidectin, nerrsadectiπ, miibemycin or a derivative thereof, for example milbemyciπ oxim;

(Ii) a benzimϊdazoie, for example albendazole, cambendazoie, feπbendazois, fiubendazoiβ, mebendazole, oxfendazote, oxibendazoie or parbendazob;

(iii) an imidazotniazofe or tetrahydropyπmidme, for example tetrsmisole, levamisole, pyrantel, pamoate, oxaπtei or moraπtel;

(iv) a cyclic depsipeptide, for example emodepside; and

(v) derivatives and analogues of the paraherquamide/marcfortine class, in particular paraherquarnlde A or derqυaπtel.

In another embodiment of the Invention, the compound of formuia I is used in combination with one or more ectoparasificidai compound. Suitable βctoparasiticidal compounds include:

(i) aryl pyrazoles, for example flpronii, pyriprole or pyrafiuproϊe;

(fi) pyrethroids;

(iii) insect growth regulators, for example lufenuron;

(iv) spiπosyπs, for example spinosad, spinatoram;

(v) neonscotinoids, for example imidacfopnd, dinotefuran; and

(vi) various other insecticides, for example metaflumizone, fiubeπdiamide, iπdoxacarb. In case of mixtures of two or mors active ingredients, the different active ingredients may be administered simultaneously, for example in a single dosage unit such as a single pour~oπ solution; sequentially or separately. Combinations of different active ingredients also may be presented §n kit form.

As a rule, the anthelmintic compositions according to the invention contain 0.1 to 99 % by weight, especially 0,1 to 95 % by weight of active sngredsent of formula I or mixtures thereof, 99.9 to 1 % by weight, especially 99.8 to 5 % by weight of a solid or liquid admixture, including 0 to 25 % by weight, especially 0,1 to 25 % by weight of a surfactant Application of the compositions according to the invention to the animals to be treated may lake piace topically, peroraϋy, parenteral^ or subcutaneously, the composition being present, for example, in the form of a solution, emulsion, suspension, {drenche}, powder, tablet, boil, capsule or pour-on- or spot-on formulation. Most preferably, the compositions of the present invention are applied orally or as an injectable, the compositions being present in the form of a solution, emulsion suspension or suspoemulsioπ.

The pour-on or spot-on method consists in applying the compound of formula 1 to a specific location of the skin or coat, advantageously to the neck or backbone of the animal. This takes place e.g. by applying a swab or spray of the pour-on or spot-on formulation to a relatively small area of the coat, from where the active substance ss dispersed almost automatically over wide areas of the fur owing to the spreading nature of the components in ϊh& formulation and assisted by the animal's movements.

Examples of suitable carriers within the liquid formuiai^ons are e.g. oily solutions; alcoholic and isopropaπoSic solutions such as solutions of 2-αcfyidodecano! or oleyi alcohol; solutions in esters of monocarboxytic acids, such as isopropyl royristate, isopropyl palmitate, iauric acid oxalate, oleic acid oleyl ester, oleic acid decyl ester, hexyi iaurate, oieyl oleate, decyS oleate, capric acid esters of saturated fat alcohols of chain length Cv-Ci ₈ ; solutions of esters of dicarboxylfc acids, such as dibυtyl phthalste, diisopropyi isophthalaie, adipic acid diisopropyi ester, di-π-buty! adipate or also solutions of esters of aϋphatic acids, e.g. glycols, U may be advantageous for a dispersing agent to be additionally present, such as one known from the pharmaceutical or cosmetic industry. Examples are 2-pyrrøiidone, 2~{N~ alkyiJpyrroHdonβ, acetone, polyethylene glycol and the ethers and esters thereof, propylene glycol or synthetic triglycerides, in case of oily solutions said solutions may include e.g, vegetable oils such as olive oil, groundnut oil, sesame ai\, pine oil, linseed oil or castor oil, The vegetable oils may also be present in epoxidisød form. Paraffins and silicone oils may also be used.

Whereas it is preferred to formulate Gomm&rαal products as concentrates, the end user wiH normally use dilute formulations.

Such compositions may also contain further additives, such as stabilisers, aπti-foaming agents, viscosity regulators, binding agents or tackifiers, as well as other active ingredients, JΠ order to achieve special effects.

Antihelminthic compositions of this type, which are used by the end user, similarly form a constituent of the present invention.

in each of the processes according to the invention for pest control or in each of the pest control compositions according to the invention, the active ingredients of formula I can be used in all of their stersc configurations or in mixtures thereof.

The invention also inciυciβs a method of prophyiacticalry protecting warm-blooded animals, especially productive livestock, domestic animals and pets, against parasitic helminths, which is characterised in that the active ingredients of the formula or the active ingredient formuiatiαrø prepared therefrom are administered to the animals as an additive to the feed, or to the drinks or also in solid or liquid form, orBJiy or by injection or parenteraiiy. The invention also includes the compounds of formula I according to the invention for usage in one of the said processes

The compounds and compositions of the present invention are especially advantageous for use on herd animals such as cattle, horses, sheep, goat or pigs, in particular cattle, goat and sheep; of course they also can be used for ail other animals, including individual domestic animals or pets.

The following Examples illustrate the invention further.

Example 1 : N-[1 -cyano-1 -mθthyi-2-(5-cyaπo-2-{2-ch!oro~4-tπfiυoromethoxy-phenoxy }- phenoxy)~ethγi!"4~ρentafiuorothio-benEamide

a) 12.8 g of 44!uoro«3~rnethoxybenzonitriie are dissolved in 100 ml of diehioromethane. 250 mL of a IM solution of borontnbromide in dichloromethane are slowly added over 50 min The reaction mixture is then stirred for 5 dsys at room temperature. After cooling to (TC water is added carefully until no reaction is observed anymore. The reaction mixture ss washed with water, a saturated aqueous solution of sodium bicarbonate and with brine. The organic phase ss dned with magnesium sulfate and evaporated under vacuum. The residue is røcrystsifeed from ether/hexanes to yield 4-fiuorc-3-hydroxybenzonϊtπie. b) S.9 g of 4-fiϋoro-3~hydroxybenzonitri!e, 12.0 g of chioroacetone, 1 1.2 g of potassium carbonate and 0 60 g of potassium iodide are dissolved in 150 mL of acetone and boiled under reflux for 5 hours. After cooling the precipitate is filtered, concentrated by evaporation, redissolved In ethyiacetaie and washed with IN aqueous solution of sodium bicarbonate, water, 1N aqueous solution of hydrogen chloride and finally with brine. The organic phase is dried with magnesium sulfate and evaporated unά&r vacuum. The residue is crystallized from ether to yield 4~ f!uoro-3'(2-oxo-propoκy}-benzonitriie, c) 10.3 g of 4-fiuoro-3-(2-oxo~ρropoxy}~benzoπitπle ₁ 6.8 g of ethyleneglycoi and 2.3 g of p-toiuenesuifσnie add are dissolved in 150 mL of toluene in a Dean-Stark apparatus. The soiuiion is refluxed for 2 hours and then allowed to coo! to room temperature. The reaction mixture is diluted with ethyl acetate and washed with water, a IN aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide, water and brine. The organic phase is dne-d with magnesium sulfate and evaporated under vacuum. The residue is crystallized from hexanβs to yield 4-fSuoro-3-{2-methyI-[1 ,3]dioxolan-2- ylmethoxy)-b8πzoπitri!e. d) 6.6 g of 4-fluoro-3-{2-methyi-n _J 3jdioxolan-2-ylmethoxy)-ben2onitri!e _! 7.2 g of 2- chior-4-(trifluormethoxy)phenol and 11.8 g of cesiwrn carbonate are dissolved in

150 mL of diniethyiforroamsde and stirred at 120 ⁰ C for 20 hours. After cooling the solution is diluted with diethyl ether, washed with water, a IN aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide, water and finally with brine. The organic phase is dried with magnesium sulfate and evaporated under vacuum. The residue is purified by column chromatography (ethyl acetate/ hexanes} to yield 4-(2-ch!oro-4- tπf!uoromethoxy-pheπo>cy)-3-{2-rnøthyi~[1 ,3 ^' |clioxolan-2-yimethoxy}-benzonitriie, e) 7,4 g of 4-{2-Ghloro-44rifluoromsthoxy-phenoxy)-3~{2~methyi-[1 ,3]clioxoteπ~2~ yimethoxyJ-benzonsiriSe and 20 mL of a 2N aqueous solution of hydrogen chloride are dissolved in 40 ml of acetone. The solution is stirred aϊ 60 ⁰ C for 20 hours and concentrated under vacuum. The residue is dissolved in ethyl acetate and washed with water, a saturated aqueous solution of sodium bicarbonate and with brine. The organic phase *s dried with magnesium sulfate and evaporated under vacuum. The residue is recrysiallized from βther/hexaπes to yield 4~{2~chiorα-4-tπfiuorαmethoxy- phenoxy)-3-(2-oxo-propoxy}~bsnzonstrile. f) 5.8 g of 4-{2-chloro-4-trifiυorom8tho>sy-ρhenoxy}-3-(2-c5xo-prop oxy)-beπzonitrile, 0,S) Q of sodium cyanide and 1 g of arnmonsum chionde are suspended in 40 mL of ethaπoi, 20 ml of a 25% aqueous solution of ammonia are then added. The solution is stirred at room temperature for 18 hours and concentrated under vacuum. The residue is dissolved in ethyl acetate and washed with water and brine. The organic phase is dried with magnesium sulfate and evaporated under vacuum. The residue is reerystafii∑ed from βther/hexaπes to yield 3~{2-amiπo-2- cyano-2-methyi-ethoxy)-4-{2-chioro-4-trifiuoromethoxy-pheπo xy}-beπzoni!riie. g) 150 mg of 4-peπiafluorothio-benzoic acid are dissolved in 1 ml of thsony! chloride and stirred under reflux for 1 hour. The reaction mixture is concentrated under vacuum and dissolved in 1.5 mL of dicniøromethane. This solution is added to a solution of 250 mg of 3-(2-amino-2--cyano-2-methyl-ethoxy)-4-(2-chloro~4~ trifluoromethoxy-pheπoxy)-beπzonitriie and 0.23 mL of N, N-diisoprαpyiaminβ in 3.5 mL of dichiαromethane at O ⁰ C, The reaction mixture is stirred at room temperature for 20 hours and washed with water. The organic phase is dried with magnesium sulfate and evaporated under vacuum. The residue is purified by column chromatography (ethyl acetate/ hexanes/ methanol) and recrystaizeti from chloroform/heptane to yield the title compound as a colorless solid.

The compounds named in Table 1 below may also be prepared analogously to the above- described method. Tba values of the melting points are given in ⁰ C. Tabte 1

Freshly harvested and cleaned nematode eggs are used to seed a suitably formatted 98-well plate containing the test substances to be evaluated for anlsparasslsc activity. Each compound is tested by serial dilution in order to determine its MED. The test compounds are embedded in an agar-based nutritive medium allowing the full development of eggs through to 3 ^rd ϊnstar larvae. The plates are incubated for 6 days at 25"C and 80% relative humidity

(RH), Egg-hatching and ensuing larval development are recorded to identify a possible nematodicidal activity.

Efficacy is expressed in percent reduced egg hatch, reduced development of L3, or paralysis

& death of larvae of ail stages.

The following compounds from Table 1 show more than 90% (EC ₉₀ ) efficacy against both worms at 0.1 ppm: 1.1-1.7 and 1.10

gerbiklMβnoMa unmcuiaiusϊ using peroral application

Sϊx to eight week old Mongolian gerbiis are infected through a stomach tube ywth ca. 2000 third iπstar larvae each of T. colubriformis and H. contortus. 8 days after infection, the gerbiis are treated by peroral application with the test compounds, dissolved in a mixture of 2 parts DMSO and 1 part polyethylene glycol (PEG 400). On day 9 13 days after treatment), when most of the H. contortus that are stiii present are iate 4th insfar larvae and most of the T. calub ^ή formis are immature adults, the gerfeste are killed in order to count the worms. The efficacy ss calculated as the % reduction of the number of worms in each gerbif, compared with the geometric average of number of worms from 8 infected and untreated gerbiis.

In this test, a vast reduction in nematode infestation is achieved with compounds of formula L in particular, compound 1 ,1 from Table 1 shows more than 95% efficacy against both worms at a dose of 1 rng/kg, compounds 1 ,2, 1 ,3 and 1.5 from Table 1 show more than 95% efficacy against both worms at a dose of 0.32 mg/kg.

2a. jn-yiyρj$$t.Qiirr^^ >ils

The above described sn-vivo test on T ^ή chostrongylus colubriformis { Tc) and &MMΪMISΪ1MM. contegtusXHc) was repeated with compounds 1.2, 1.3 and 1.5 from Tabie 1 and with the compounds of Examples Ia and 3a on pages 22-25 of VVO 2008/96231. The compounds showed the following efficacies, each at 0.32 mg/kg;

To examine the snsectiddai and/or aearieidaf activity of the compounds of formula I on animals and plants, the following test methods may be used.

3. Activity, on. L< imyaβ oLiucϋia sericata

1 mi of an aqueous suspension of the active substance to be tested is admixed with 3 ml of a special larvae growth medium at ca, 50 ⁰ C, so that a homogenate of either 250 or 125 ppm of active ingredient content is obtained. Ca. 30 LuciSia larvae (L ₁ ) are used in each test tube sample. After 4 days, the mortality fat© *s determined.

A piece of sticky tape is attached horizontally to a PVC sheet, so that 10 fully engorged female ticks of Boophilus micropϊus (Biarra strain) can be adhered thereto by their backs, side Dy side, in a row. Using an injection needle, 1 μl of a liquid is injected into each tick. The liquid is a 1 :1 mixture of polyethylene glycol and acetone and it contains, dissolved therein, a certain amount of active ingredient chosen from 1 , 0.1 or 0.01 μg per tick. Control animate are given an injection without active ingredient. After treatment, the animals are kept under normal conditions in an insectarium at ca. 28 ⁰ C and at 80% relative humidity until opposition takes place and the larvae have hatched from the eggs of the control animals. The activity of a tested substance is determined by iR _S0 , i.e. an evaluation is made of the dosage of active ingredient aϊ which 9 out of 10 female ticks (~90%) lay eggs that are infertile even after 30 days. ϊkln.YiiW...efficacy on engorged iema\B BQαphiius miϋrqplu5JB\ARRA):

4x10 engorged female ticks of the GP-resislant BlARRA strain are adhered Io a sticky strip and covered for 1 hour with a cotton-wool bail soaked in an emulsion or suspension of the test compound in concentrations of 500, 125, 31 and 8 ppm respectively. Evaluation takes place 28 days later oased on mortality, ovi position and hatched larvae.

An indication of the activity of the test compounds is shown by the number of females that

- die qusckly before laying eggs,

- survive for some time without laying eggs,

- lay eggs in which no embryos are formed,

~ lay eggs in which embryos form, from which no larvae hatch, and

~ lay eggs in which embryos form, from which larvae normally hatch within 28 to 27 days. 6, in viim efficacy on nymphs of Ambiyamma hebrseum

About 5 fasting nymphs are placed in a polystyrene test lube containing 2 mi of the test compound in solution, suspension or emulsion.

After immersion for 10 minutes, and shaking for 2x10 seconds on a vortex mixer, the test tubes are blocked up with a tight wad of cotton wool and rotated. As soon as ail the liquid has been soaked up by the cotton woo! bail, it is pushed half-way into the test lube which is stHS being rotated, so that most of the liquid is squeezed out of the cotton-woo! baii and flows into a Petri dish below.

The test tubes are then kept at room temperature in a room with daylight until evaluated. After 14 days, the test tubes are immersed in a beaker of boiling water. If the ticks begin to move in reaction Io the heat, the test substance Is inactive at the tested concentration, otherwise the ticks are regarded as dead and the test substances regarded as active at the tasted concentration. AP substances are tested in a concentration range of 0.1 to 100 ppm.

I.... _. . Activity.8Cj mn$tpBrrnβnγssus gaiiinaβ

2 to 3 mi of a solution containing 10 ppm active ingredient, and ca. 200 mites {Dermanyssυs gafiinae} at different stages of development are added to a glass container which is open at the top. Then the container is closed with a wad of cotton wool, shaken for 10 minutes untii the mites are completely wet, and then inverted briefly so that the remaining test solution can be absorbed by the cotton wool After 3 days, the mortality of the miles is determined by counting ths dead individuals and indicated as a percentage.

B _Λ .Actiyjtγ.asa.jπst.Mysca domβ$fea

A sugar cube is treated with a solution of the test substance in such a way that the concentration of test substance in the sugar, after drying over night, is 250 ppm. The cube treated in this way is placed on an aluminium dish with wet cotton wool and 10 adult Musca Φmesϋca of an GP-resistant strain, covered with a beaker and incubated at 25°C, The mortality rate is determined after 24 hours.