MANISH, Kumar (10/8 O.F.Estate Ambajhari Defence, Nagpur 21, Maharashtra, IN)
MANISH, Kumar (10/8 O.F.Estate Ambajhari Defence, Nagpur 21, Maharashtra, IN)
| We claim,
1. An Anchor plate/Anchor frames comprising of steel/ metallic plate (1) with hooks/rings (2) fabricated, welded or fastened to it having plurality of reinforcement rods (3) attached to anchor plate to ensure proper grip of anchor plate with RCC/PCC; guide clamps (4) are provided on anchor plate to facilitate easy handling, fixing guiding of ropes or lifelines; wherein said anchor plate/frame is used to fix / casted with RCC, PCC, brick or stone walls firmly during construction of the structure, beams, columns or welded to steel or metallic trusses (11) at suitable spacing both vertically one over the other or horizontally as the same height around the building as required to make scaffolding, hanging plat form, or fix life lines for construction / repair workers.
2. An Anchor plate /Anchor frames as claimed in claim 1 , wherein said Anchor frame can further be made of pipes (10) or bars to be placed/ casted during construction of wall/pillars projecting fixed type of Anchor rings (2) outside.
3. An Anchor plate /Anchor frames as claimed in claim 1 are of any type of metal selected from steel, alloy of copper or aluminium alloy which is able to withstand the load and are designed with suitable dimensions as per the requirement.
4. An Anchor plate /Anchor frames as claimed in claim 1, wherein said re- enforcement rods (3) are used to fix in the column/ slab to with stand the load.
5. Anchor plate/ Anchor frames as claimed in claim 1, wherein said hooks (2) are of any metal and shape selected from the group comprising of half ring(s) / U clamp or semi circular / circular / rectangular hooks in which the pulley mounted on two legs or on a simple cantilever can be fixed and as in case of pulleys for drawing water from the well.
6. An Anchor plate /Anchor frames as claimed in claim 4, wherein said hooks (2) are preferably collapsible hooks, thereby it can be concealed inside the wall when not in use.
7. An Anchor plate /Anchor frames as claimed in claim 1 , wherein said plate/frame further comprising an accessory, anchor pipes (12), which may be fixed one over the other passing through the anchor plates (1) supported with the semicircular anchor rings (2), as illustrated in fig 8.
8. Anchor plate/ Anchor frames as claimed in claim 1, wherein Manila/ nylon wire ropes (26) may be used along with anchor plates/frame and accessories for lifting or lowering the loads or for Fixing and supporting platforms, scaffoldings or to fix lifelines to the safety belts or full body harness.
9. An Anchor plate/Anchor frame according to any of preceding claims will be of adequate strength to support the lifeline/ scaffolding / work platform and will be so designed that failsafe principle is imbibed in it and safe design load marked on it.
10. Anchor Plates/ Anchor frame as claimed in claim 1 can be used in rescue operation or fire fighting, for fixing the lift / crane trolleys on both sides of the walls with semi round or rectangular hooks which can be pushed & put inside the boxes fixed in the walls of pillars/column/beams and roofs on either side or both the sides as illustrated in fig 2.
1 1. Anchor plates as claimed in any of the preceding claims can be used to make platform for scaffolding by workers for standing / sitting and working on these platforms and can keep raw materials, tools etc which can be lowered/elevated to any position along the wall up to the ground level or the bottom of the building.
12. Anchor plates/Anchor frames as claimed in any of preceding claims, wherein said U clamp / hooks can also be made for fixing indicators night lights, signal or, name plates decorative fittings using fasteners of adequate sizes.
13. Anchor plates/Anchor frames as claimed in 1, wherein said Anchor frames hooks can be further fixed on the walls or roof of the old building structure by using threaded collects or threaded expanding collets in RCC, PCC walls, columns, roofs, or beams by drilling holes of recommended size by concrete drilling machines manufacturers.
14. Anchor plates/Anchor frames as claimed in 1, wherein said Anchor frames hooks may be welded or bolted to trusses or beams of steel or metallic structure as illustrated in fig 6.
15. Anchor plate/Anchor frames as claimed in 1 with hooks can also be made to give support to worn out dilapidated and weak buildings structures where cracks are present and require strengthening as illustrated in fig-12.
16. A set of anchor plates/anchor frames and its accessories along with wire manila or nylon ropes used to strengthen the old, dilapidated and weak buildings and damaged structure consequent to aging or due to earthquakes, storms or such other calamities & tightening them by screw jacks, turn buckles, crab winches as substantially described herein with reference to the appended drawing No 12.
17. A set of anchor plates/anchor frames and its accessories in part or in combination to provide lifelines and work platfoπn both for working at height for construction and maintenance workers who are subjected to fall hazards as substantially described herein with reference to the appended drawings 1 to 15. |
"ANCHOR PLATES, ANCHOR FRAMES AND ITS ACCESSORIES WITH METHODOLOGY FOR SAFETY WHILE WORKING AT HEIGHT"
Technical field:
The invention relates to a device called Anchor plate / frame which can be used with accessories for fixing pipes vertically to support the lifelines of nylon cords, wire ropes, fnanila rope etc, making adjustable platforms and scaffolding by using pulleys with rope to lift materials/equipments etc. and for supporting weak or old building structures to give them extended life and also for rescue operation in case of disasters like fire earthquake etc.
Back ground of Invention:
Construction of huge building for fame was a tradition and hobby of emperors and Kings in ancient times and in our era it has been spread far and wide as a bare necessity and t now huge and multistoried building and structures are seen in all the big cities world over. While advance planning for construction is done and even though it is well known that these buildings have to live for several decades and at times surpass a century but during planning and designing these buildings it is rare that the safety aspects for construction and maintenance work is taken into account during their life time and calamities, eventualities like earth quakes, storms, hurricanes etc, are taken care of so also the deterioration due to aging, wear & tear. As such now the need of the hour is that a fresh thought be given to introduce during planning and designing of buildings such that safety of workers who work for their constructions, maintenance and repairs is given top most priority. Moreover, reliability and safety of the buildings from construction, to final demolition during its life span be considered in overall perspective and a little expenditure if done on these aspects at the initial stage of construction will eliminate or minimize the risks and hazards as such the accidents.
As described above during construction and thereafter during maintenance and periodical services which are essential during such a long life of these buildings persons with different trades and specialization e.g. Mason, Bricklayers, White Washers, Riggers, Painters, Welders, Overseers, Plumbers, Electricians etc work together and each has a specific role and purpose to serve and an assignment to be completed jointly under the
supervision of different engineers and contractors. The risk of working at height starts from the level of three meters which means the construction of more than one storey itself means necessarily encountering such risks and hazards of fall from height, which may result in fatal / serious accidents.
Role of different safety gadgets and PPEs can be made with proper anchorage and as these days casting of R.C.C. Pillars, beams, Columns and slabs is almost unavoidable during building construction and therefore, as such the present invention has made it easy to provide anchor plates at suitable locations around the building & to ensure safety during construction and maintenance of buildings if proper planning is done to get such anchorage at suitable spacing in length, breadth, and heights because about forty to fifty times periodical services, repairs of plaster, replacement and repairs of electrical fittings and wirings, water sewage and steam pipelines is unavoidable during the life span of buildings.
Therefore, to ensure safety and facilitate these activities and operations with ease or convenience, the present invention provides the anchor plates, which can be duly fixed at suitable heights along with the casting of RCC columns, beams or slabs or welding with trusses to facilitate easy operation and avoid serious and fatal accidents of construction and maintenance crews who rarely experience a well planned and organized sequence of operations during construction, maintenance or repair of a building.
Objectives of the invention:
Therefore, it is an objective of the invention to ameliorate some of the above mentioned problems or to offer at least a useful alternative.
It is another objective of the invention by providing anchor plates or frames fixing in proper position during casting of RCC pillar beams & columns or otherwise will be a big boon to construction workers in lifting of materials, making scaffoldings, fixings of Boatswain chair, life line anchorage etc. and will also facilitate strengthening and compacting old buildings and structures thus to enhance their longevity.
In yet another objective, the device of the invention facilitates fire fighting and rescue operation so also architects may plan for beautification/decoration and such like things for
the buildings by using these anchor plates and anchor frames though simple fabrication and fixing.
Summary of the invention:
Accordingly, the present invention provides an Anchor plate/ Anchor frames which comprises steel / metallic plate with hooks fabricated welded or fastened to it made of steel / bars or metallic frame with hooks to fix / casted with RCC, PCC, brick or stone walls firmly during construction of the structure, beams, columns or welded to steel or metallic trusses at suitable spacing both vertically one over the other or horizontally as the same height around the building as required to make scaffolding, hanging plat form, or fix life lines for construction / repair workers.
An Anchor plate /Anchor frames of the invention will have re-enforcement rods to fix in the column/ slab to withstand the load.
Anchor plate/ Anchor frames of the present invention will have half ring(s) / U clamp or semicircular / circular / rectangular hooks in which the pulley mounted on two legs or on a simple cantilever can be fixed and as in case of pulleys for drawing water from the well. Manila/nylon wire ropes may be used for lifting or lowering the loads or for fixing and supporting platforms, scaffoldings or to fix lifelines to the safety belts or full body harness.
An Anchor plate/ Anchor frame according to the invention will be of adequate strength to support the lifeline/ scaffolding / work platform and will be so designed that failsafe principle is imbibed in it and safe design load marked on it.
Anchor Plates/Anchor frame of the present invention can be used for fixing the lift / crane trolleys on both sides of the walls with semi round or rectangular hooks and these hooks can be pushed & put inside the boxes fixed in the walls of pillars/column/beams and roofs on either side or both the sides. This can be used in rescue operation or fire fighting.
Anchor plates of the present invention can be used to make platform for scaffolding by workers for standing / sitting and working on these platforms and can keep raw materials,
tools etc which can be lowered/elevated to any position along the wall up to the ground level or the bottom of the building. The safe full proof working at height can thus be ensured by using these platforms & scaffolding connected with ropes whose length may vary depending upon requirements of jobs to be carried out. Thus, it will ensure proper support for work platform / scaffolding at different height to work along the wall and a lifeline for each individual worker & his supervisor who works at height can be provided from these anchor plates/frames and its accessories.
Anchor plates/Anchor frames with U clamp / hooks of the invention can also be made for fixing indicators night lights, signal or, name plates decorative fittings etc apart from the above uses using fasteners of adequate sizes.
Anchor frames hooks can be fixed on the walls or roof of the old building structure by using threaded collects or threaded expanding collets in RCC, PCC walls, columns, roofs, beams etc by drilling holes of recommended size by concrete drilling machine manufacturers or these may be welded or bolted to trusses or beams of steel or metallic structure.
Anchor plate/Anchor frames with hooks can also be made to give support to worn out dilapidated and weak buildings structures where cracks are present and require strengthening. There by casting supporting pillars with RCC/engaging the anchor plate as detailed in fig 12.
A set of anchor plates/anchor frames and its accessories in part or in combination to provide lifelines and work platform both for working at height for construction and maintenance workers who are subjected to fall hazards is provided by the present invention.
A set of anchor plates/anchor frames and its accessories along with wire manila or nylon ropes can be used to strengthen the old, dilapidated and weak buildings and damaged structure consequent to aging or due to earthquakes, storms or such other calamities & tightening them by screw jacks, turn buckles, crab winches etc.
Further, the weight of such plates should not exceed certain limits as such to facilitate their easy handling while lifting, falling or positioning during building construction and their transportation to site & storage should not pose any problem, As the period of use of these anchor plates is 75 years to 100 years these plates should be suitably painted or given surface treatment initially and periodically to avoid corrosion etc. as such their important parts should be suitably covered with protective coatings. Testing of these plates should be carried out before these are put into use if a period of one year has lapsed since last testing. Further, their upkeep and preventive maintenance should be consistently carried out during their long life.
thus, to fulfill a combination of all the above objectives the sets of anchor plates or anchor frames and its accessories are designed in combination to the purpose in an existing site condition as situation demands.
Various configurations of the anchor plates are discussed in detail and shown in the appended figures below, which can serve the purpose of illustration of different embodiments with regards to purposes and requirements. Normally the design of these anchor plates, supporting pipes, holding bolts with reinforcement or the collets (in case the use of concrete drilling machine is done to fix the collets) positioning the holding bolts should be done for supporting about 750 Kg load to a few tones depending upon its level above ground, purpose and the requirements to be met by the anchor plates.
Anchor plates/Anchor Frame of the present invention can be casted with RCC Pillars, Columns or beams or can be fixed using concrete drilling machine if not provided already. Anchor plates/Anchor frames can be used for fixing suitable attachment, according to the uses.
Detailed description of the invention with reference to drawings:
The invention will now be described in detail in connection with certain preferred and optional embodiments, so that various aspects thereof may be more fully understood and appreciated.
Referring to the preferred embodiment, the Anchor plates (fig 1&7) are to be casted during construction of wall/pillars. The design and dimensions of these are to be decided keeping in view the maximum load they carry and purpose of the use. One such specification of simple design may be a steel plate with half round rings, fabricated out of steel rods with 70-75mm inside diameter, and these semicircular Anchor rings (2) should be welded to the Anchor Plate (1) so also reinforcement of twisted or plain rod of stainless steel. To facilitate easy handling, fixing and guiding ropes, lifeline etc, guide clamps (4) are provided. Guiding clamps can be welled/ fixed for various purposes and also for positioning while fixing in RCC & guide rope.
The anchor plates/frames may be of different dimensions to suit the site conditions, use and configuration & the hooks provided with them of any shape i.e. circular, semicircular, rectangular etc. Reinforcement rod (3) will ensure proper grip of Anchor Plate with the RCC/PCC.
In another preferred embodiment, the invention provides variety of anchor plate/ frames, which can be placed during construction of walls and pillars.
Referring to the drawing (fig 2), Anchor frame will have a Anchor frame (5) with sliding Anchor ring (2) to be placed/ casted during construction of wall/pillars projecting Anchor hooks outside of the frame. Collapsible hooks are preferable so that it can be pushed back and concealed inside the wall when not in use. Hooks may be of any metal and shapes e.g. circular, elliptical, rectangular etc depending upon purpose and attachment.
Referring to the drawing (fig 3), Anchor frame (5) of this type can be casted during construction of pillars/walls keeping the opening facing out side of the building. Anchor ring (2) of any shapes can be fabricated or fixed on the nut (7) and can be fixed in the bolt (6) provided in this frame according to their purpose and use of attachment from time to time.
During non use, suitable cover or beautification attachments can be fixed which will protect the frame and bolts from corrosion/ damage due to rain, moisture etc. & the bolt can be replaced when worn out.
As depicted in (Fig .4), this anchor frame (5) can be placed during construction of pillars/ walls in RCC. Anchor ring (2) of any shapes can be used with these types of frame using Bolt with matching threads through the pipe attachment (8) to suit the matching threads. A check nut (9) can be used to lock the shaft from the other side. Two such shafts may support the platform or member of scaffolding and can rest upon it suitably fastened.
As depicted in fig 5, Anchor frame can be made of pipes (10) or bars to be placed/ casted during construction of wall/pillars projecting fixed type of Anchor rings (2) outside the wall. Reinforcement rod (3) will ensure proper grip of Anchor Frame with the RCC/PCC. Hooks may be of any shapes, circular, rectangular etc depending upon purpose and attachment.
Anchor plate welded to trusses:
Referring to the fig (6), Anchor plates(l) may be welded to trusses (11) of supporting structure or asbestos roof at suitable positions since such sheds are very common in developing countries as such they are economical and easy to construct and do not have high initial and maintenance cost. They are constructed to house, various industries, chemical plants, laboratories, offices etc in many countries due to their low cost and short time needed for construction. Height of such buildings becomes more when an industry is using over head cranes etc, for production purposes. Overhead cranes are sometimes housed in these sheds along with the furnaces, chemical process equipments, machines and presses as such the purpose of having a support for lifeline and fixing safety net, can also be served if anchor plates are used which may be bolted or welded as shown in fig.-6 and their rings may have wire ropes with rings fixed with the half round clamps of the anchor plates. The location of these anchor plates may be so fixed that they can support lifeline as well as the safety net below the work spot while working at height and will provide passive protection and have the advantage of minimum length or distance of fall to avoid major / serious injuries to the victims of fall.
In yet another embodiment, the invention provides variety of designs of anchor rings. In one aspect, single half or full ring design is provided.
Single half/ full ring design:
The plate is having one half / full ring and fixed in the RCC (Reinforced Cement Concrete) by bolts fixed at the time of casting of RCC pillar / plates or welded to trusses at suitable locations as and these rings may be of different shapes i.e. elliptical, circular, rectangular etc. Two rings with vertically common axis in a line are provided for keeping at least one intact even if the other fails & therefore each one should be strong enough to support the design load.
In another aspect, double half/full rings design is provided.
Double half/ full rings design
This may be installed like single half/ full ring design and has got various advantages of providing better safety and uses including fixing of fabricated pipes, one over the other telescopic in construction which support the lifeline on the top. A versatile type of design is depicted below in Fig.8
In a further aspect, the invention provides collapsible hooks/anchoring
Collapsible Hooks/ Anchoring
The design of Anchor plates can also be made to have the hooks of rectangular shape which can slide in a pipe of square / rectangular cross section with a stopper in front. This will facilitate the anchor plate hooks to be placed inside the wall when not in use which will enhance the longevity of these and enable them to survive long life of the building. Arrangement for fixing name plates, decorative laminates and painting on top of it will avoid the corrosion of anchor plates and hooks and will give a better aesthetic sense to these building. This sliding of hooks in the rectangular tubes in anchor plates will provide flushing with wall all the hooks of anchor plates when not in use will have no effect of corrosion etc due to rains and can be so designed to fix nameplates or decorative laminates and again fixed back in position as stated above (as illustrated in fig.2).
In yet another embodiment, the invention provides attachments/accessories for anchor plates. Accordingly, in one aspect, the invention provides anchor pipes.
Anchor pipe:
Referring to fig 8, anchor pipes (12) may be fixed one over the other passing through the anchor plates (1) supported with the semicircular anchor rings (2). A slot (13) is provided in the anchor pipe for fixing sliding type of leg to fix life line etc. As shown in Fig. No.15, the top level pipe will have a hook with suitable fixing arrangement by screwing or welding to give it a firm grip or tied with knot over the pipe end with the nylon / manila rope and in case of wire rope, this arrangement will have a hook / ring with twisted and woven wires by a slinger / rigger. A threaded end pipe on top with matching threads (27) on rod with hook will be more suited for ease of fixing and dismantling as and when needed, and as far as possible should be approachable from balcony or nearby window so that the anchor pipes(12) and manila/nylon ropes(26) can be fixed or placed during maintenance of building or for rescue by rope ladders in emergencies like fire, earthquakes etc. The weight of these pipes with fixing arrangements should be kept minimum by using light materials with high strength and using hollow pipes and removal of unwanted materials.
These anchor plates or frames and their attachments / arrangements made to carryout different type of work as stated above should be of adequate strength to avoid any failure and their design and fixing should be done by site in-charge / engineer and these should be periodically tested for strength.
Different uses of anchor plates & anchor frames:
1. Support for scaffolding & Fixed/ Adjustable platform as illustrated in fig 11. Scaffolding can be constructed with the support of Anchor rings & plates (fig.l 1). The Platform (20) can be fixed over the support ankle (18) fixed in the anchor plate (1). These support ankles will be supported by a support bracket (19).
2. Hanging rope ladder for fire fighting rescue operation, Fixing of anchorage, life lines etc as illustrated in figs 9, 13, 15 and 15.
Refereeing to the figs 9, 13, 14 & 15, which describes the rope ladder or attachment for fire fighting operation that are attached to the rings provided in the Anchor plates/frames or rings provided at the end of Anchor pipes. This also provides escape route using
monkey ladders (14) (fig-9) for persons trapped in fire and access route to fire fighting in high-rise buildings or earthquakes and can be used for firefighting and rescue applications. Use of monkey ladders can be made to suit for this purpose to have an entry or escape from the balcony of the high-rise buildings and, as such, the location of these anchor plates may be selected very near to such balconies and at points easily accessible at convenient height for approach to fix the monkey ladder. Use of these anchor plates can also be made for fixing the boatswain chair or fixing a horizontal net or platform scaffolding etc. which will support the workmen doing white washing, colour washing, or carrying out electrical repairs and plastering of the high-rise buildings depending upon the requirement of maintenance jobs and anchorage point for fixing life lines.
3. Fastening of Safety net inside or outside the building
During construction/repair work safety net can be fixed using Anchor rings
4. Lifting of material
Referring to fig 10, the pulley arrangement (15) is connected to anchor plate (1) to lift the material (16) by using motor (17) for construction or any other purpose using suitable attachment on anchor ring.
5. Modification, Alteration repair work, painting etc. fig.(l 1,13& 14)
Referring to figs 13, the platform (20) can be adjusted using pully arrangement (15) which is fixed on the Anchor pipe (12) through Anchor plate (1). Using attachments and platforms on Anchor rings and on anchor pipe; the workers can carry out work using additional life line connected in the Anchor ring on upper level.
6. Beautification of building
When the construction/ repair works are completed these rings and Anchor frame space can be used for fitting advertisement board, beautification items etc. which will conceal the Anchor frame/ anchor plate.
7. Strengthening/repair of cracked/damaged buildings
The buildings now a days are constructed out of bricks, cement mortar, stone chips and steel rods. RCC, PCC and such other materials are commonly having life of 75 to 100 years and their super structure is normally built out of RCC and brick walls, trusses and roof of A,C.C.,G.I Sheets and such other light weight sheets. These structures are subjected to wind, rains, heat, storms, thunder and thermal shocks and at times to earthquakes, and other natural calamities. The structure in its life span of several decades undergoes various stresses causing cracks, deformation, damage etc. which might need strengthening at suitable super structure levels and (walls pillars) over a span of a few years.
Referring to Figure (12), the anchor plates may hold such weak buildings to make them compact and strong enough to bear such stresses, deformation and cracks by using ropes (24) with arrangements e.g. crab winch, turn buckles. & lifting tackles to tighten them and each such rope fixed with floating metal sheets or wooden planks. Cracks which are developed in pillars during lifetime of the buildings can be promptly attended and as the proverb is "One stitch in time saves nine" i.e. the timely attention to such deformation and cracks is essential for the life of the buildings. Pillars/column (21) can be strengthened using telescopic bar pipes (12) fitting in supporting rings (23) and welded/ fixed with reinforcement & then PCC/ RCC can be casted. The support plates (22) will ensure proper grip of bar pipe.
Thus these anchor plates of different sizes and configuration can serve the purpose of compacting and strengthening of buildings at different levels by using suitable combination of wire ropes, winches, supporting planks or metal sheets which can give a fresh lease of life to a cracked or deformed buildings due to earthquake or to a storm hit structure. Certain emergent situation can also be met by providing shelter to the affected people hit by such natural calamities in such unsafe buildings which can be suitably strengthened by holding the weaker cracked parts of building together as stated above and to give them a fresh lease of life for use as cattle sheds Godowns or temporary shelter to the needy poor.