OIL

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a method and composition for controlling body odor and perspiration from localized areas of the body such as the underarm without leaving visible white residue on the skin and/or clothing.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Sweating, though a natural bodily function, results in the formation of wet patches on human skin or clothing. Moreover, the sweat secreted from sweat glands has a tendency to form a malodorous odor due to its interaction with the many microorganisms which reside on the underarm skin surface. These two phenomena are deemed to be undesirable in many societies.

Products are commonly available which help to address both phenomena. More particularly, antiperspirant products possess active ingredients which inhibit/suppress sweating, whereas deodorant products possess ingredients that mask the malodors caused by sweat. Many products address both phenomena simultaneously.

In general, the above-referenced products fall into three dispensing category types: aerosol sprays, solids and roll-ons. The liquid compositions used in aerosol and roll-on products possess several drawbacks. First, they have a tendency to impart an unpleasant oily or sticky sensation onto skin when applied thereon. Secondly, they oftentimes take too long to dry after application. These compositions have a tendency, when applied to the armpits, to leave a visible white residue on the skin and/or clothing. When used regularly, these compositions oftentimes result in visible yellow colored stains on clothing after laundering. Both the white residue and yellow staining phenomena are caused, in part, by the aluminum salt actives contained in the composition.

It is thus an object of the present invention to provide an antiperspirant plus deodorant composition which avoids the above-referenced drawbacks.

BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an anhydrous cosmetic composition comprising:

(a) at least one aluminum-containing antiperspirant active;

(b) at least one modified clay suspending agent;

(c) an oil system comprising:

i. at least one plant derived oil having a melting point of from about 16°C to 32°C;

ii. at least one fatty acid ester;

iii. at least one volatile hydrocarbon; and

iv. at least one lower alkyl ether of polypropylene glycols; and

(d) optionally, at least one propellant.

The present invention is also directed to a process for making an anhydrous cosmetic composition involving the steps of:

(a) providing at least one aluminum-containing antiperspirant active

(b) providing at least one modified clay suspending agent;

(c) providing an oil system comprising:

i. at least one plant derived oil having a melting point from about 16°C to 32°C;

ii. at least one fatty acid ester;

iii. at least one volatile hydrocarbon;

iv. at least one lower alkyl ether of polypropylene glycols;

(d) optionally, at least one propellant; and

(e) combining (a) - (d) to form the composition.

The present invention is also directed to a process for inhibiting sweat and odor from forming on human skin involving applying the above-disclosed composition onto a surface of the human skin.

Applicants have unexpectedly discovered that the above-described compositions exhibit faster drying times, possess greatly reduced stickiness and do not leave visible residue or stains when applied onto the skin or when coming in contact with clothing. These attributes are more positively perceived by the end user, as compared to conventional products such as those of the prior art.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Other than in the operating examples, or where otherwise indicated, all numbers expressing quantities of ingredients and/or reaction conditions are to be understood as being modified in all instances by the term "about".

As used herein, the expression "at least one" means one or more and thus includes individual components as well as mixtures/combinations.

"Cosmetically acceptable" means that the item in question is compatible with any keratinous substrate. For example, "cosmetically acceptable carrier" means a carrier that is compatible with any keratinous substrate.

"Anhydrous" means a composition containing less than 2% by weight of water, or less than 0.5% water, not being water-added at the preparation of the composition, but the corresponding residual water provided by the ingredients blends.

Antiperspirant Active

The term "antiperspirant active" is understood to mean any substance capable of reducing the secretion of sweat. The antiperspirant active which can be used according to the invention is preferably chosen from aluminum salts; complexes of zirconium chlorohydrate and of aluminum chlorohydrate with an amino acid.

Mention may in particular be made, among the aluminum salts, of aluminum chlorohydrate in the activated or nonactivated form, aluminum chlorohydrex, the aluminum chlorohydrex polyethylene glycol complex, the aluminum chlorohydrex propylene glycol complex, aluminum dichlorohydrate, the aluminum dichlorohydrex polyethylene glycol complex, the aluminum dichlorohydrex propylene glycol complex, aluminum sesquichlorohydrate, the aluminum sesquichlorohydrex polyethylene glycol complex, the aluminum sesquichlorohydrex propylene glycol complex, or aluminum sulphate buffered by sodium aluminum lactate.

Mention may in particular be made, among the aluminum and zirconium salts, of aluminum zirconium octachlorohydrate, aluminum zirconium pentachlorohydrate, aluminum zirconium tetrachlorohydrate or aluminum zirconium trichlorohydrate.

The complexes of zirconium chlorohydrate and of aluminum chlorohydrate with an amino acid are generally known under the name ZAG (when the amino acid is glycine). They are disclosed in particular in Patent US-3 792 068. The ZAG complexes usually exhibit an Al/Zr quotient ranging from approximately 1 .67 to 12.5 and a Metal/CI quotient ranging from approximately 0.73 to 1 .93. Mention may be made, among these products, of the aluminum zirconium octachlorohydrex glycine, aluminum zirconium pentachlorohydrex glycine, aluminum zirconium tetrachlorohydrex glycine and aluminum zirconium trichlorohydrex glycine complexes.

Preferred antiperspirant actives according to the present invention include aluminum chlorohydrate in activated or nonactivated form, in particular the product sold by SummitReheis under the name REACH 103.

The antiperspirant actives are preferably present in the composition according to the invention in an amount of from about 1 % to 90%, such as from about 15% to 75%, preferably from about 20% to 60% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition.

Suspending Agent

The composition of the present invention contains a modified clay suspending agent which is preferably chosen from cationically-modified smectite clays. Smectite clays may be represented by the chemical formula (Mg,Li) ₃ SiO ₄ (OH,F) ₂ and include hectorite, bentonite, montmorillonite, attapulgite, and sepiolite. The clays are modified with a chemical compound preferably chosen from quaternary amines. Examples include the reaction product of hectorite and distearyldimonium chloride known by the INCI name disteardimonium hectorite sold under the tradename BENTONE® 38 VCG or BENTONE® Gel by the company Elementis Specialties, or the reaction product of bentonite and quaternary ammonium stearalkonium chloride known by the INCI name stearalkonium bentonite sold under the tradename Tixogel® MP 250 by the company BYK Additives & Instruments or the reaction product of quaternium-18 and bentonite known by the INCI name quaternium-18 bentonite sold under the tradename Bentone® 34 by the company Elementis Specialties.

Preferred modified clay suspending agents according to the present invention include hectorite and bentonite modified with quaternary amines. A preferred suspending agent according to the present invention includes disteardimonium hectorite.

The suspending agents are preferably present in the composition according to the invention in an amount of from about 0.5 to 8%, such as from about 1 % to 6%, preferably from about 2% to 5% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition.

Oil System

The composition of the present invention contains an oil system comprised of at least one plant derived oil having a melting point of from about 16°C to 32°C, at least one fatty acid ester, at least one volatile hydrocarbon oil, and at least one lower alkyl ethers of polypropylene glycols.

The oil system is preferably present in the composition according to the invention in an amount of from about 1 % to 90%, such as from about 10% to 80%, preferably from about 20% to 60% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition.

Plant-Derived Oil

The oil system of the present invention contains at least one plant- derived oil having a melting point from 10°C to 40°C, such as from about 12°C to 38°C, preferably from about 16°C to 32°C.

Plant-derived oils are those typically extracted from a relevant parts of the plant such as the seed, fruit or leaves, although equivalents which can be synthetically manufactured may be employed as well. Suitable plant derived oils include, but are not limited to, cocos nucifera (coconut) oil, babassu (orbignya olifera seed) oil, safflower oil, palm kernel oil, cottonseed oil, pracaxi oil (known by the INCI name pentaclethra macroloba seed oil), andiroba oil (known by the INCI name carapa guaianensis seed oil), pataua oil (known by the INCI name oenocarpus bataua fruit oil), and buriti oil (known by the INCI name mauritia flexuosa fruit oil).

A preferred plant-derived oil according to the present invention includes cocos nucifera (coconut) oil.

The plant-derived oils are preferably present in the composition according to the invention in an amount of from about 1 % to 30%, such as from about 2% to 20%, preferably from about 4% to 15% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition.

Fatty Acid Ester The oil system of the present invention contains at least one fatty acid ester containing 7 to 31 carbon atoms. Examples of suitable fatty acid esters containing 7 to 31 carbon atoms for use in the present invention include, but are not limited to, dicaprylyl carbonate, 2-ethylhexyl isononanoate, isononyl isononanoate, isopropyl palmitate, myristyl palmitate, C12-C15 alkyl benzoate, and isodecyl isononate.

A preferred fatty acid ester according to the present invention includes isononyl isononanoate.

The fatty acid ester is present in the composition according to the invention in an amount of from about 1 % to 30% by weight, such as from about 4% to 22% by weight, and preferably from about 5% to 20% by weight, all weights based on the total weight of the composition.

Volatile Hydrocarbon

The oil system of the present invention contains at least one volatile hydrocarbon. The term "hydrocarbon" is intended to mean an oil comprising carbon and hydrogen atoms. For the purposes of the invention, the term "volatile hydrocarbon" is intended to mean a hydrocarbon that is capable of evaporating on contact with the skin or the keratin fibers in less than one hour, at ambient temperature and atmospheric pressure. The volatile hydrocarbons of the invention are volatile cosmetic oils which are liquid at ambient temperature and which have a non-zero vapor pressure, at ambient temperature and atmospheric pressure, ranging in particular from 0.13 Pa to 40 000 Pa (10 ^"3 to 300 immHg), in particular ranging from 1 .3 Pa to 13 000 Pa (0.01 to 100 mmHg) and more particularly ranging from 1 .3 Pa to 1300 Pa (0.01 to 10 mmHg).

Among the volatile hydrocarbons mention may be made of straight- chain hydrocarbons containing from 8 to 16 carbon atoms, for example, dodecane and hexadecane, and branched-chain hydrocarbons containing from 8 to 16 carbon atoms, for example, isododecane, isodecane, isohexadecane, and Cs-Ci6 isoalkanes of petroleum origin (also known as isoparaffins) known under the INCI names C1 1 -13 isoparaffin and C8-9 isoparaffin sold under the tradename ISOPAR™ by ExxonMobil.

A preferred volatile hydrocarbon according to the present invention includes isododecane. The volatile hydrocarbon is present in the composition according to the invention in an amount of from about 1 % to 30% by weight, such as from about 5% to 25% by weight, and preferably from about 10% to 20% by weight, all weights based on the total weight of the composition.

Lower Alkyl Ether of Polypropylene Glycols

The oil system of the present invention contains at least one lower alkyl ether of polypropylene glycols ("PPG alkyl ethers"). PPG alkyl ethers are liquid, water-insoluble propoxylated fatty alcohols, having the molecular formula of RO(CH ₂ CHOCH ₃ )n; wherein "R" is a straight-chained or branched C ₄ to C ₂ 2 alkyl group; and "n" is in the range between 4 and about 50.

Among the PPG alkyl ethers mention may be made of PPG-12 butyl ether, PPG-14 butyl ether, PPG-15 butyl ether, PPG-16 butyl ether, PPG-17 butyl ether, PPG-18 butyl ether, and PPG-20 butyl ether.

A preferred PPG alkyl ether according to the present invention includes

PPG-14 butyl ether.

The PPG alkyl ether is present in the composition according to the invention in an amount of from about 1 % to 30% by weight, such as from about 5% to 20% by weight, and preferably from about 8% to 15% by weight, all weights based on the total weight of the composition.

The compositions according to the invention may additionally comprise moisture or odor absorbers, for instance perlites and preferably expanded perlites such as the material sold under the trade name OPT I MAT® 2550 OR by World Minerals.

The cosmetic compositions according to the invention may additionally comprise cosmetic adjuvants chosen from organic solvents such as fragrances, fatty alcohols, fatty amides or alkylene carbonates, chelating agents, softeners, antioxidants, opacifiers, stabilizers, moisturizing agents, vitamins, bactericides, preservatives, polymers, thickening agents, , silicone oils, or any other ingredient commonly used in cosmetics for this type of application.

Of course, a person skilled in the art will take care to choose this or these optional additional compounds so that the advantageous properties intrinsically attached to the cosmetic composition in accordance with the invention are not, or not substantially, detrimentally affected by the envisaged addition or additions.

The compositions according to the invention can be pressurized and packaged in an aerosol device composed of: (A) a container comprising an antiperspirant composition as defined above, (B) at least one propellant and one means for dispensing the said aerosol composition. The propellants generally used in products of this type, which are well known to a person skilled in the art, are such as, for example, dimethyl ether (DME), volatile hydrocarbons, such as n-butane, propane or isobutane, and their mixtures. Use may also be made, as propellant, of carbon dioxide gas, nitrous oxide, nitrogen or compressed air.

One embodiment of the present invention includes an anhydrous cosmetic composition comprising:

(a) from about 1 % to 90%, preferably from about 15% to 75%, and most preferably from about 20% to 60% by weight, of at least one aluminum- containing antiperspirant active, preferably an aluminum salt such as aluminum chlorohydrate;

(b) from about 0.5% to 8%, preferably from about 1 % to 6%, and most preferably from about 2% to 5% by weight, of at least one modified clay suspending agent, preferably disteardimonum hectorite;

(c) an oil system comprising:

i. from about 1 % to 30%, preferably from about 2% to 20%, and most preferably from about 4% to 15% by weight, of at least one plant derived oil having a melting point of from about 16°C to 32°C, preferably coconut oil;

ii. from about 1 % to 30%, preferably from about 4% to 22%, and most preferably from about 5% to 20% by weight, of at least one fatty acid ester, preferably isononyl isononanoate;

iii. from about 1 % to 30%, preferably from about 5 to 25%, and most preferably from about 10% to 20% by weight, of at least one volatile hydrocarbon, preferably isododecane; and

iv. from about 1 % to 30%, preferably from about 5% to 20%, and most preferably from about 8% to 15% by weight, of at least one lower alkyl ether derivative, preferably PPG-14 butyl ether, all weights based on the total weight of the composition. In the event the composition is used in the form of an aerosol product, a propellant will also be employed. Suitable propellants include, for example, isobutane, butane, propane, dimethyl ether, and mixtures thereof. The precise amount of propellant to be used can easily be ascertained by those of ordinary skill in the art of aerosol formulation.

The use of zirconium-containing antiperspirant active ingredients in aerosol products raises safety concerns relating to the potential inhalation hazard. In the event that the composition includes zirconium-containing antiperspirant active ingredients, the composition cannot include a propellant.

According to yet another embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a method of making an anhydrous cosmetic composition comprising:

(a) providing from about 1 % to 90%, preferably from about 15% to 75%, and most preferably from about 20% to 60% by weight, of at least one aluminum - containing antiperspirant active, preferably an aluminum salt such as aluminum chlorohydrate;

(b) providing from about 0.5% to 8%, preferably from about 1 % to 6%, and most preferably from about 2% to 5% by weight, of at least one modified clay suspending agent, preferably disteardimonum hectorite;

(c) providing an oil system comprising:

i. from about 1 % to 30%, preferably from about 2% to 20%, and most preferably from about 4% to 15% by weight, of at least one plant derived oil having a melting point of from about 16°C to 32°C, preferably coconut oil;

ii. from about 1 % to 30%, preferably from about 4% to 22%, and most preferably from about 5% to 20% by weight, of at least one fatty acid ester, preferably isononyl isononanoate;

iii. from about 1 % to 30%, preferably from about 5 to 25%, and most preferably from about 10% to 20% by weight, of at least one volatile hydrocarbon, preferably isododecane; and

iv. from about 1 % to 30%, preferably from about 5% to 20%, and most preferably from about 8% to 15% by weight, of at least one lower alkyl ether derivative, preferably PPG-14 butyl ether, all weights based on the total weight of the composition; and

(d) mixing (a)-(c) to form the composition. In the event the composition is used in the form of an aerosol product, a propellant will also be provided. Suitable propellants include, for example, isobutane, butane, propane, dimethyl ether, and mixtures thereof. The precise amount of propellant to be used can easily be ascertained by those of ordinary skill in the art of aerosol formulation.

According to yet another embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a process for inhibiting sweat and odor from forming on human skin involving applying the above-disclosed composition onto a surface of the human skin.

The dispensing means, which forms a part of the aerosol device, is generally composed of a dispensing valve controlled by a dispensing head, itself comprising a nozzle via which the aerosol composition is vaporized. The container comprising the pressurized composition can be opaque or transparent. It can be made of glass, of polymer or of metal, optionally covered with a protective lacquer layer.

The following examples serve to illustrate the invention without however exhibiting a limiting character. In these examples the amounts of the composition ingredients are given as weight percentages relative to the total weight of the composition.

EXAMPLES

Table 1 : Inventive Examples

In making each of the examples in Tables 1 , the following procedure was used. Cocos nucifera (coconut) oil, isononyl isononanoate, PPG-14 butyl ether, organic solvent, and silicone oil were combined and mixed until homogenous. Disteardimonium hectorite was added and mixed until completely dispersed. Aluminum chlorohydrate was added and mixed until homogenous.

Table 2: Comparative Examples

Table 3. Sensory Expert Evaluation of Inventive Example 1 vs. Comparative Example 3

Trained panelists used QDA® methodology to evaluate the product's attributes during application, after application and after drying. Attributes were quantified using an 1 1 -point non-structured scale with 0 representing the lowest (none) and 10 representing the highest (very). Values were analyzed according to the following methods: statistical analysis, PCA, ANOVA, and Tukey Test.

The results of the sensory expert evaluation demonstrate example 1 is fast drying, while example 3 suffers from an oily appearance, and oily texture, and an oily residue.

Table 5. Sensory Expert Evaluation of Inventive Example 1 vs.

Comparative Example 4

Trained panelists used QDA® methodology to evaluate the product's attributes during application and after drying. Attributes were quantified using an 1 1 - point non-structured scale with 0 representing the lowest (none) and 10 representing the highest (very). Values were analyzed according to the following methods: statistical analysis, PCA, ANOVA, and Tukey Test.

The results of the sensory expert evaluation demonstrate example 1 is fast drying, while example 4 suffers from an oily appearance, and an oily residue.

Table 6. Sensory Expert Evaluation of Inventive Example vs. Benchmark Product

Attribute Example 1 DOVE - Original Packaged in Aerosol Antitranspirante

Container with Aerosol 48h com Propellant Vitamin E y F Sem (15:85) Alcohol

During Application:

Drying Time 8.06 9.48

Presence of Particles 0.95 5.79

Whitening (after application) 0.46 7.26

Powdery Appearance 0.36 7.32

After Drying:

Powdery Residue 1 .05 6.96

Whitening (after drying) 0.29 5.54

Trained panelists used QDA® methodology to evaluate the product's attributes during application and after drying. Attributes were quantified using an 1 1 - point non-structured scale with 0 representing the lowest (none) and 10 representing the highest (very). Values were analyzed according to the following methods: statistical analysis, PCA, ANOVA, and Tukey Test.

The results of the sensory expert evaluation demonstrate example 1 is fast drying, while the benchmark product suffers from a powdery residue, powdery appearance, whitening (after drying), presence of particles, and whitening (after application).

Table 5: Consumer Test of Inventive Example vs. Benchmark Product

Example 1 DOVE - Original

Packaged in Aerosol Container Antitranspirante Aerosol 48h with Propellant com Vitamin E y F Sem Alcohol (15:85)

Preference 15/28 13/28

Positive Light and uniform texture Antiperspirant and anti-odor

Attributes Clean sensation during the day efficacy

No white residue on skin or Long-lasting fragrance clothes (28/28)

Antiperspirant and anti-odor efficacy

Negative none White residue on skin and clothes Attributes

Twenty-eight volunteers used each product for 30 days. After the test period, subjects answered a subjective evaluation questionnaire, referring to their impression of the product immediately concerning the cosmetic acceptability and effects of the product.

The results demonstrated Example 1 did not result in white residue on skin or clothes during use in contrast to the benchmark product.