A JASMONIC ACID DERIVATIVE

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

|00011 The present invention is directed to anti-aging compositions and methods of using anti-aging compositions. More specifically, the present invention is directed to an anti-aging composition in the form of an emulsion having an aqueous phase including at least one jasmonic acid derivative and an oil phase containing dimethicone and an emulsifying cross! inked siloxane elastomer. The anti-aging composition is capable of carrying high amounts of jasmonic acid derivatives in a tcxturally pleasing manner, without experiencing separation of the emulsion. The present invention also provides a water-releasing effect when applied onto a keratinous substrate such as skin, hair or nails. The water-releasing effect enables the composition, initially in the form of an emulsion, to be converted into a plurality of droplets upon application of shear such as, for example, rubbing.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTIO

100021 Jasmonic acid derivatives have been shown to be an effective anti-aging active as is evidenced in US2010/0179222, the entire content of which is hereby incorporated by reference. A particularly effective example thereof is sodium tetrahydrqjasmonate. Its anti-aging/anti- wrinkle efficacy has been well demonstrated. However, due to its high electrolyte content and amphiphilic characteristics ( i.e. possessing both hydrophilic and lipophilic properties), sodium tetrahydrqjasmonate is not easily formulated into an emulsion having desirable texture and, more importantly, stability profiles.

100031 Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to a provide an anti-aging composition in the form of a stable emulsion capable of carrying large quantities of jasmonic acid derivatives, which is also tactilely pleasing to consumers upon application.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

100041 All numbers expressing quantities of ingredients and/or reaction conditions arc understood as being modified in all instances by the term "about", unless otherwise stated.. [0005] In an exemplary embodiment, an anti-aging composition in the form of a stable, tactilely pleasing emulsion is provided. The composition includes an aqueous phase and an oil phase. The aqueous phase contains at least one jasmonic acid derivative at a concentration of from about 2% to about 20% by weight, based upon the total weight of the composition. The oil phase contains dimcthiconc at a concentration by weight of from about 1% to about 25%, based upon the total weight of the composition, and an emulsifying crossl inked siloxane elastomer at a concentration by weight of from about 0.1% to about 20%, based upon the total weight of the composition. The anti-aging skin care composition has a phase ratio of aqueous phase to oil phase of from about 3 to about 12. The anti-aging composition converts from an emulsion to a plurality of droplets upon application of force such as, for example, rubbing with one's fingers or using an electromechanical force-imparting device such as, for example, an electromechanical cleansing brush.

[0006] In another exemplary embodiment, a method of diminishing signs of aging on keratinous substrates is provided. The method includes applying the above-disclosed anti-aging composition onto the surface of a keratinous substrate, followed by application of force onto the composition present on the keratinous substrate.

[00071 Other features and advantages of the present invention will be apparent from the following more detailed description of the preferred embodiment which illustrates, by way of example, the principles of the invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTIO OF THE INVENTION

[0008| "Keratinous substrate", as used herein, includes but is not limited to skin, hair, and nails.

[0009] "Force", as used herein, includes shear/friction produced by a rubbing motion of an end user's fingers, an electiOmcchanical cleansing device having a movable btush with bristles, and/or an electromechanical device that produces a tapping motion, similar to one's fingers tapping on the surface of the skin.

[0010| "Homogenous" means substantially uniform throughout, i.e., a single phase mixture. [0011] In the present application the term "ambient temperature" means a temperature of about 25 ^° C.

[0012] In the present application the term "water-releasing", as used herein, describes the phenomenon wherein, after application of an anti-aging composition onto a target substrate, force is then applied onto the composition causing the water-in-oil type emulsion to rupture, wh ich in turn causes the internal aqueous phase containing the jasmonic acid derivative(s) to emerge in the form of droplets.

[0013] The anti-aging composition and method of the present invention can comprise, consist of, or consist essentially of the essential elements and l im itations of the invention described herein, as well as any add itional or optional ingredients, components, or limitations described herein or otherwise useful in compositions intended for topical application onto keratinous substrates.

[0014] It has been surprisingly d iscovered by the inventors that h igh concentrations of jasmon ic ac id derivatives such as, for example, sod ium t e t r a h y d roj a s m o n ate, can be formulated into a stable water-in-oil type emulsion wh ich, though in itially in the form of a cream, possesses a transformative water-releasing effect upon appl ication of force such as, for example, shear. The transformative water-releasing effect is that the cream transforms into droplets conta in ing the aqueous phase with the jasmon ic ac id derivative when exposed to force such as the shearing effect caused by rubbing/massaging the emulsion present on the surface of the keratinous substrate, thereby forcing the jasmon ic acid derivative-conta in ing droplets into the keratinous substrate.

[0015] One advantage of an embod iment of the present d isclosure includes provid i ng a stable anti-aging composition capable of carrying relatively h igh levels of electrolytic jasmon ic acid derivatives without undergoing phase separation, i .e. break ing the emulsion. Yet another advantage of an embodiment of the present d isclosure is provid ing an anti-aging composition capable of producing a water-releasing effect onto a keratinous substrate, such as skin. The water-releasing effect enables the composition, in itially in the form of an emulsion, to be converted into a plural ity of droplets carrying h igh levels of electrolytic jasmon ic ac id derivatives upon appl ication of force such as, for example, shear caused by an end user's rubbing of the composition onto the surface of a target keratinous substrate. The droplets, in turn, enable the jasmon ic ac id derivatives present in sa id droplets to effectively penetrate into a target keratinous substrate.

[0016] The water-in-oil emulsion system of the present invention typically has a white, glossy cream appearance. However, it may be mod ified so as to have a transparent gel-like or matte appearance by adjusti ng its refractive index. When the anti-aging composition is deposited onto a target keratinous substrate, followed by appl ication of force, the composition qu ickly releases the aqueous phase contain ing the jasmon ic acid derivatives in the form of bead-l ike droplets, thereby enabl ing the jasmon ic ac id derivatives present in the aqueous phase to be forced into the surface of the target keratinous substrate.

100171 Aqueous Phase

[0018] The aqueous phase present in the anti-aging composition accord ing to the d isclosure includes at least one jasmon ic ac id derivative, water, and other aqueous phase ingred ients. The aqueous phase of the anti-aging composition is at a concentration, by weight, of from about 60% to about 92%, or alternatively from about 70% to about 90%, or alternatively from about 80% to about 90% based upon weight of the anti-aging composition.

[0019] Electrolytic Anti-aging Ingredient

[0020| The aqueous phase present in the anti-aging composition according to the disclosure includes at least one electrolytic jasmonic acid derivative at a concentration, by weight, of from about 2% to about 20%, or alternatively from about 4% to about 1 5%, or alternatively from about 4% to about 10% based upon weight of the composition.

100211 Suitable examples of electrolytic jasmonic acid derivatives include those corresponding to the following formula (i):

[0022] in which:

[0023] Ri represents a COOR ₃ radical, R ₃ denoting a hydrogen atom or a Ci_C ₄ alkyl radical, optionally substituted by one or more hydroxyl groups;

[0024] R ₂ represents a saturated or unsaturated and linear hydrocarbon radical containing from 1 to 18 carbon atoms or a saturated or unsaturated and branched or cyclic hydrocarbon radical containing from 3 to 18 carbon atoms;

[0025] and also the optical isomers thereof, and corresponding salts.

[0026] Preferably, Ri denotes a radical chosen from -COOH, -COOMe, -COO-CH ₂ -CH ₃ , - COO-CH ₂ -CH(OH)-CH ₂ OH, -COOCH ₂ -CH2-CH ₂ OH or -COOCH ₂ -CH(OH)-CH ₃ . Preferentially, Ri denotes a -COOH radical.

[0027] Preferentially, R ₂ denotes a saturated or unsaturated and linear hydrocarbon radical preferably containing from 2 to 7 carbon atoms. In particular, R ₂ may be a pentyl, pentenyl, hexyl or heptyl radical.

[0028] According to one embodiment, the compound of formula (I) is chosen from 3- hydroxy-2-[(2Z)-2-pentenyl]cyclopentaneacetic acid or 3-hydroxy-2-pentylcyclopentaneacetic acid. Preferably, compound (I) is 3-hydroxy-2-pentylcyclopentaneacetic acid; this compound may especially be in the form of the sodium salt.

[0029] The salts of the compounds that may be used according to the invention are chosen in particular from salts of alkali metals, for example sodium or potassium; salts of alkaline-earth metals, for example calcium, magnesium or strontium; metal salts, for example zinc, aluminium, manganese or copper; salts of ammonium of formula NH ; quaternary ammonium salts; salts of organic amines, for instance salts of methylamine, dimethylamine, trimethylamine, triethylamine, ethylamine, 2- hydroxycthy lam ine, bis (2-hydroxyethyl (amine or tris (2- hydroxyethyl (amine; lysine or argininc salts. Salts chosen from sod ium, potassium, magnesium, strontium , copper, manganese or zinc salts are preferably used. The sodium salt is preferentially used.

[0030] In one embodiment, a particularly preferred electrolytic jasmonic acid derivative is sodium tetrahydrqjasmonate.

100311 The salt content of the electrolytic jasmonic acid derivatives will typically range from about 3% to about 70%, or alternatively from about 8% to about 50%, or alternatively from about 9% to about 15%, based upon the weight of the jasmonic acid derivative.

100321 Water

100331 The aqueous phase present in the anti-aging composition according to the disclosure includes water at a concentration by weight of about 60% to about 92%, or alternatively about 70% to about 90% or alternatively about 80% to about 90%, based upon the total weight of the composition. The water used may be sterile demineralized water and/or a floral water such as rose water, cornflower water, chamomile water or lime water, and/or a natural thermal or mineral water such as, for example: water from Vittel, water from the Vichy basin, water from Uriage, water from La Roche Posay, water from La Bourboule, water from Enghien-les-Bains, water from Saint Gervais-les-Bains, water from Neris-les-Bains, water from Allevar-les-Bains, water from Digne, water from Maizieres, water from eyrac-les-Bains, water from Lons-le- Saunier, water from Eaux Bonnes, water from Rochefort, water from Saint Christau, water from Les Fumades, water from Tercis-les-Bains or water from Avene. The water phase may also comprise reconstituted thermal water, that is to say a water comprising trace elements such as zinc, copper, magnesium, etc., reconstituting the characteristics of thermal water.

[00341 Oil Phase [0035] The oil phase present in the anti-aging composition according to the disclosure includes dimethicone and an emulsifying crossl inked siloxane elastomer. The oil phase of the water-releasing anti-aging composition is at aconcentration by weight of about 8% to about 25%, or alternatively about 10% to about 20%, or alternatively about 10% to about 15%, based upon the total weight of the anti-aging composition.

[0036] Dimethicone

[0037] The oil phase present in the anti-aging composition according to the disclosure includes dimethicone at a concentration, by weight, of about 1% to about 25%, or alternatively about 2% to about 20%, or altematively about 4% to about 15%, based upon weight of the composition.

[0038] Emulsifying Crossl inked Siloxane Elastomer

[0039] The oil phase present in the anti-aging composition accord i ng to th e d i scl os u re i n c l ud es a n em u l s i fy i ng crossl inked siloxane elastomer at a concentration, by weight, of about 0.1% to about 20%, or alternatively about 0.3% to about 10%, or alternatively about 0.5% to about 7%, based upon weight of the composition.

100401 Examples of suitable emulsifying crossl inked siloxane elastomers, include, but are not limited to, substituted or unsubstituted d imcth icone/copolyol crosspolymer, dimethicone and dimethicone/ PEG- 1 0/ 1 5 crosspolymers, substituted or unsubstituted dimethicone/polyglyceryl crosspolymer, dimethicone and dimethicone/polyglycerin-3 crosspolymer. Such suitable emulsifying crossl inked siloxane elastomers are sold or made, for example, under the names of "KSG-210" a polyether-modified crosspolymer with an I NCI name of dimethicone (and) dimethicone/'PEG- 10/ 1 5 crosspolymer, and "KSG-710" a polyglyccrin-modified crosspolymer with an INCI name of dimethicone (and) dimethicone/polyglycerin-3 crosspolymer, both available from Shin-Etsu Silicones of America, Inc. (Akron, OH ).

[00411 Co-emulsificr

100421 The oil phase present in the anti-aging composition according to the disclosure may optionally include a co-emulsifier at a concentration by weight of about 0.0 1 % to about 1 %, or alternatively about 0.05% to about 0.9%, or alternatively about 0.07% to about 0.8%, based upon the total weight of the composition. If the co-emulsifier concentration exceeds 1% by weight of the anti-aging composition, then the anti-aging composition may still form an emulsion but the desirable transformative effect of cream changing to droplets upon application of shear is not achieved.

100431 Suitable examples of co-emulsificrs include polyether substituted linear or branched polysiloxane copolymers. One preferred co-emulsifier is PEG- 10 dimethicone available under the tradename of ES-5612 from Dow Coming Corporation (Midland, M ichigan), or KF-6017 from Shin- Et.su (Akron, Ohio). Another preferred co-emulsifier is dimethicone (and) PEG/PPG- 18/18 dimethicone available under the tradename of ES-5226 DM from Dow Corning Corporation ( M idland, M ichigan ). Other suitable co-emulsifiers include, PEG -9 pol y d i meth y 1 s i 1 ox y eth y 1 dimethicone available under the tradename KF-6028 and PEG-9, lauryl PEG-9 polydimethylsiloxyethyl dimethicone available under the tradename KF-6038, both available from Shin-Etsu (Akron, Ohio). Another suitable example of a co-emulsifier is polyoxyalkylene copolymers also known as silicone polyethers. Polyoxyalkylene copolymers are described in detail in U.S. Pat. 4,268,499, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. A particularly preferred polyoxyalkylene copolymer is known by its CTFA designation as dimethicone copolyol. A particularly preferred form of d imeth icone copolyol i s supplied by Dow Coming as DC5225C.

100441 Optional Powders

100451 The anti-aging composition of the present disclosure may optionally include powders. The optional powders provide form u l a s th at a rc sm ooth e r a n d softer on th e s k i n . Representative powders include, but are not limited to talc. m ica, magnesium carbonate, calc ium carbonate, magnesium silicate, aluminum magnesium silicate, silica, titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, red iron oxide, yellow iron oxide, black iron oxide, polyethylene powder, methacrylate powder, polystyrene powder, silk powder, crystalline cellulose, starch, titanated mica, iron oxide titanated mica, bismuth oxychloride, and the like. Additional powders include, but are not limited to, inorganic powders such as gums, chalk. Fuller's earth, kaol in, seric ite, muscovite, phlogopite, synthetic m ica, lepidolite, biotite, lithia mica, vermiculite, aluminum silicate. starch, smectite clays, alkyl and/or trialkyl aryl ammonium smectites, chemically modified magnesium aluminum silicate, organically modified montmorillonite clay, hydrated aluminum silicate, fumed aluminum starch octenyl succinate bari um si l icate, calc i um si l icate, magnes i um s il icate, strontium silicate, metal tungstate, magnesium, silica alumina, zeolite, barium sulfate, calcined calcium sulfate (calcined gypsum), calcium phosphate, fluorine apatite, hydroxyapatitc, ceramic powder, metallic soap (zinc stearate, magnesium stearate, zinc my ri state, calcium palmitate, and alum inum stearate), colloidal sil icone diox ide, and boron nitride; organic powder such as polyamide resin powder (nylon powder), cyclodextrin, methyl polymethacrylate powder, copolymer powder of styrene and acryl ic acid, benzoguanamine resin powder, poly( ethylene tetrafluoride) powder, and carboxyvinyl polymer, cellulose powder such as hydroxyethyl cellulose and sodium carboxymethyl cel l ulose, ethylene glycol monostearate; i norgan ic wh ite pigments such as magnes ium ox ide. A representative powder includes, for example, polymethylsilsesqu ioxane. Powders may be present in the compositions in amounts generally ranging from about 0.1% to about 10% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition.

100461 Phase Ratio

100471 The phase ratio is calculated by dividing the total weight of the aqueous phase by the total weight of the oil phase. The anti-aging composition of the present disclosure as a water-in-oil emulsion has a ratio by weight of the aqueous ph a se to o i l ph a se o f from abou t 3 to abou t 12 , or alternatively about 4 to about 10, or alternatively about 5 to about 9. The phase ratio excludes any additional optional powders that may be added to the composition. Without intending to be bound by theory, this phase ratio is believed to be critical to: (1 ) the stabil ity of the emulsion in view of the high concentration of jasmon ic acid derivativc( s) contained therein, and (2) the formation of droplets upon application of force onto the emulsion.

100481 Water-Releasing Effect

100491 With respect to the present invention, a good water-releasing effect of the water-in-oil emulsion means that the water-releasing effect has an evaluation result of more than or equal to a score of 3 in the evaluation system described below. The test method and evaluation score of the test system are described below. [0050] About 0.2g of a water- in-oil emulsion sam le of cosmetic composition is taken and placed on the back of a hand, then it is applied thereon by circling gently with the middle finger and ring finger of the other hand, and then the phenomenon of the water-releasing effect is observed when the circling application reaches 20 cycles, and evaluated by a 5- level scoring system. A score of 5 represents that more than 1 0 bead-like water drops having an average diameter of more than or equal to 3 mm appear, or more than 20 bead-like water drops having an average diameter of more than or equal to 1 mm appear. A score of 4 represents that 2- 1 0 bead-l ike water drops having an average diameter of more than or equal to 3 mm appear, or 10-20 bead- l ike water drops having an average diameter of more than or equal to 1 mm appear and the beadlike water drops having an average of more than or equal to 3 mm are no more than 1 0. A score of 3 represents that 2-9 bead-like water drops having an average diameter of more than or equal to 1 mm appear and there is at most 1 bead-like water drop having an average diameter of more than or equal to 3 mm, or 10-20 bead-like water drops having an average diameter of 1 mm appear. A score of 2 represents that 2-9 bead-like water drops having an average diameter of 1 mm appear. A score of 1 represents that no water drop appears. Each level between scores 5 to 4, 4 to 3, 3 to 2, and 2 to 1 shows that the water-releasing effect is between the two end values described above, and the lower the score, the poorer the water-releasing effect.

100511 In one embodiment, the water-releasing effect of the cosmetic composition of the present disclosure is about 3 to 5.

EXAMPLES

100521 Table 1 . Inventive Examples

B Botanical Extracts 0.05 0.05 0

B NIACINAMIDE 5 5 0

C POLYMETHYLSILSESOUIOXANE 1 1 1

Total <%) 100 100 100

Brookfield Viscosity (cp or mPa*s) 25,000 18,000 21 ,000

Total Oil Phase (%) 12.1 12.1 12.1

Total Water Phase (%) 87.0 87.0 87.0

Ratio (water phase/oil phase)* 7.2 7.2 7.2

Water Releasing Effect (scale of 1 to 5) 3 3 to 4 4

Texture/Appearance: Translucent to opaque cream-gel, water droplets released upon

rubbing.

* Excludes powder ( Phase C)

100531 I n making each of the examples in Table 1 , the following procedure is used.

100541 The ingredients of Phase B (aqueous) are mixed together in a side beaker with a rotor/stator mixer until all solids are dissolved, giving a clear solution, if needed. Phase B

(aqueous) can be gently heated to about 40-45 C until all solids are dissolved. The ingredients of Phase A (oil phase) are placed in a ma in beaker and are m ixed well with a propeller mixer at about 600-700 RPM and set aside. The mixture of aqueous phase ingredients ( Phase B) are slowly added to the mixed ingredients of Phase A (oil phase) using a propeller mixer over a period of 10- 1 5 minutes for an about 1 kg batch. As the viscosity of the mixture increases, the stirring speed is increased from 700 rpm to about 1200 rpm. As the aqueous phase is mixed into the oil phase a water-in-oil emulsion is formed. Optionally, powders are added to the batch and are mixed into the water-in-oil emulsion.

[0055] Example 1 (Inventive)

[0056] The water-in-oil emulsion of inventive Example 1 is prepared according to the procedure outlined above. Example 1 includes 4% sodium tetrahydrojasmonate. The total weight percentage of the aqueous or water phase is about 87.0 and the total weight percent of the oil phase is about 12.1, making the a ratio of the aqueous phase to oil phase about 7.2. The emulsion formed in Example 1 is a translucent to opaque cream-gel that releases droplets upon rubbing. The water/silicone emulsion boundary layer is stable and includes droplets having various droplet sizes, with some droplets as large as 50 microns or greater. The viscosity of Example 1 is measured using a Brookfield Viscometer, using spindle T-D and speed set at 10 rpm for 1 minute. The viscosity of Example 1 is about 25,000 cp (mPa ^' s). The water-releasing effect of Example 1 is measured by placing about 0.2 g of the cosmetic composition on the back of a hand, then applying thereon by circling gently with the middle finger and ring finger of the other hand. The phenomenon of the water-releasing effect is observed when the circling application reaches 20 cycles. Approximately 15-20 bead-like droplets having an average diameter of 1 mm appear. The water- releasing effect of the water-in-oil emulsion of Example 1 is about 3.

[0057] Example 2 ( Inventive)

[0058] The water-in-oil emulsion of inventive Example 2 is prepared according to the procedure outlined above. Example 2 includes 7% sodium tetrahydrojasmonate. The total weight percentage of the aqueous or water phase is about 87.0 and the total weight percent of the oil phase is about 12.1 , making the a ratio of the aqueous phase to oil phase about 7.2. The emulsion formed in Example 2 is a translucent to opaque cream-gel that releases droplets upon rubbing. The water/silicone emulsion boundary layer is stable and includes droplets having various droplet sizes, with some droplets as large as 50 microns or greater. The viscosity of Example 2 is measured using a Brookfield Viscometer, using spindle T-D and speed set at 10 rpm for I minute. The viscosity of Example 2 is about 18,000 cp (mPa-s). The water-releasing effect of Example 2 is measured by placing about 0.2 g of the cosmetic composition on the back of a hand, then applying thereon by circling gently with the middle finger and ring finger of the other hand. The phenomenon of the water-releasing effect is observed when the circling application reaches 20 cycles. Approximately 1 -5 bead-like droplets of more than or equal to 3 mm appears and approximately 1 5- 1 8 bead-l ike droplets having an average diameter of more than or equal to 1 mm appear. The water-releasing effect of the water-in-oil emulsion ofExamplc 2 is about 3 to 4.

[0059] Example 3 ( Inventive)

100601 The water-in-oil emulsion of inventive Example 3 is prepared according to the procedure outlined above. Example 3 includes 15% sodium tetrahydrojasmonate. The total weight percentage of the aqueous or water phase is about 87.0 and the total weight percent of the oil phase is about 12.1, making the a ratio of the aqueous phase to oil phase about 7.2. The emulsion formed in Example 3 is a translucent to opaque cream-gel that releases droplets upon rubbing. The water/silicone emulsion boundary layer is stable and includes droplets having various droplet sizes, with some droplets as large as 50 microns or greater. The viscosity of Example 3 is measured using a Brookfield Viscometer, using spindle T-D and speed set at 10 rpm for 1 minute. The viscosity of Example 3 is about 2 1 ,000 cp (mPa.-s). The water-releasing effect of Example 3 is measured by placing about 0.2 g of the cosmetic composition on the back of a hand, then applying thereon by circling gently with the middle finger and ring finger of the other hand. The phenomenon of the water-releasing effect is observed when the circling application reaches 20 cycles. Approximately 5- 9 bead-like droplets of more than or equal to 3 mm appears and approximately 15-18 bead-like droplets having an average diameter of more than or equal to I mm appear. The water-releasing effect of the water-in-oil emulsion of Example 3 is about 4.

[00611 Table 2. Example 4 (Comparative)

Brookfield Viscosity (cp or mPa.s): 18,000

24 hours

Brookfield Viscosity (cp or mPa.s): 86,000

1 month

Water Releasing Effect (scale of 1 to 5) 1

Texture/Appearance:

Glossy, white cream, very stringy, texture

thickened over time, no water-droplet releasing

effect

[0062] The comparative Example 4 was prepared by heating water phase and oil phase separately to 80 C. The oil phase was added to the water phase while mixing until homogeneous. The resulted emulsion was cooled to about room temperature, followed by adding xanthan gum and botanical extract. Optionally, powders were added and mixed well.

100631 The oil-in-watcr emulsion of Examplc 4 is a typical emulsion commonly seen in the skin care preparations. Example 4 includes about 4% by weight sodium tetrahydrojasmonate. The emulsion formed in Example 4 is a glossy, white cream that docs not release droplets upon rubbing. The viscosity of Example 4 is measured using a Brookfield Viscometer, using spindle T-D and speed set at 10 rpm. The viscosity of Example 4 is 18,000 cp (mPa-s) at 24 hours after manufactured. The texture of Example 4 is very stringy upon pick-up by finger tips. The viscosity of Example 4 increases to 86,000 cp (mPa-s) after 1 month at ambient conditions, resulting in an undesirable stability issue. The water-releasing effect of Example 4 is measured by placing about 0.2 g of the cosmetic composition on the back of a hand. The cosmetic composition is applied thereon by circling gently with the middle finger and ring finger of the other hand. The phenomenon of the water-releasing effect is observed when the circling application reaches 20 cycles. No beadlike droplets having an average diameter of more than or equal to 1 mm appeared. The water- releasing effect of the water-in-oil emulsion of Example 4 is about 1; therefore. Example 4 has no water-releasing effect.

100641 Table 3. Example 5 (Comparative)

[0065] The comparative Example 5 was prepared by heating water phase and oil phase separately to 80 C. The oil phase was added to the water phase while mixing until homogeneous. The resulting emulsion was cooled to about room temperature, followed by adding xanthan gum and botanical extract. Optionally, powders were added and mixed well.

[0066] The oil-in-water emulsion of Example 5 utilizes high concentrations of water phase thickeners, such as polyacrylamide, Polyacrylate Crosspolymer-6 and carbomer. This is a common approach to stabilize active ingredients with high electrolytic properties. Example 5 includes about 4% by weight sodium tctrahydroj asmonate. The emulsion formed in Example 5 is a thick, greasy cream that does not release droplets upon rubbing. The viscosity of Example 5 is measured using a Brookfield Viscometer, using spindle T-D and speed set at 10 rpm. The viscosity of Example 5 is 1 13,000 cp (mPa-s) at 24 hours after manufactured and has maintained at a steady viscosity range over time. However, the texture of Example 5 is very greasy and is difficult to pick-up by finger tips. Further, a layer of clear oil phase was separated from the emulsion after a month stored at the ambient conditions, rendering an unacceptable stability problem.

10067| The water-releasing effect of Example 5 is measured by placing about 0.2 g of the cosmetic composition on the back of a hand. The cosmetic composition is appl ied thereon by circling gently with the middle finger and ring finger of the other hand. The phenomenon of the water-releasing effect is observed when the circling application reaches 20 cycles. No bead-like droplets having an average diameter of more than or equal to 1 mm appeared. The water-releasing effect of the water-in-oil emulsion of Example 5 is about I ; therefore, Example 5 has no water- releasing effect.

[0068] Table 4. Example 6 (Comparative)

Water Releasing Effect (scale of 1 to 5) 1

Texture:

Translucent, milky serum; watery on skin

upon application. No water-droplet releasing effect.

Microscope:

Unstable emulsion with leaking border, indicating potential instability of the

emulsion.

[0069] In making comparative Example 6, the following procedure was used. The ingredients of Phase B (aqueous) are mixed in together in a side breaker using a stirring bar to mix well and dissolve all solids. The ingredients of Phase A (oil phase) are placed in a main beaker and mixed well with a propeller mixer at about 600-700 RPM and set aside. The mixture of aqueous phase ingredients (Phase B) are slowly added to the mixed ingredients of Phase A using a prop mixer over a period of 10- 15 minutes for a 1 kg batch. As viscosity slowly increased, the stirring speed is increased from 700 RPM to 1000 RPM to form a serum.

100701 Comparative Example 6, in contrast to the present disclosure, has a total weight percentage of the aqueous phase or water phase of about 73% and a total weight percentage of oil of about 27%, making the ratio of the aqueous phase to oil phase about 2.7. Comparative Example 6 forms a translucent, milky serum that is watery on skin upon application. The viscosity of comparative Example 6 is measured using a Brookfield Viscometer, using spindle T-D and speed set at 10 rpm for 1 minute. The viscosity of comparative Example 6 is about 5,000 cp (mPa-s). The water-releasing effect of comparative Example 6 is measured by placing about 0.2 g of the cosmetic composition on the back of a hand, then applying thereon by circling gently with the middle finger and ring finger of the other hand. No bead-like droplets having an average diameter of more than or equal to 1 mm appeared. The water-releasing effect of the scrum of comparative Example 6 is about 1; therefore, comparative Example 6 has no water- releasing effect.

[0071] Comparative Example 6 is generally unstable. The microscope shows that the W/Si boundary has a leaking border, indicating potential instability of emulsion. Though the serum of comparative Example 6 initially forms as an emulsion, after 3 days of freeze-thaw cycles, the serum completely separates. 100721 While the invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it wil l be understood by those skil led in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the scope of the invention. In addition, many modifications may be made to adapt a particular situation or material to the teachings of the invention without departing from the essential scope thereof. Therefore, it is intended that the invention not be limited to the particular embodiment disclosed as the best mode contemplated for carrying out this invention, but that the invention will include all embodiments falling within the scope of the appended claims.