ANTI-ROTATION CARTRIDGE PIN

RELATED APPLICATION

This application claims the benefit of priority under 35 USC 119(e) of

U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62/369,492 filed August 1, 2016, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.

FIELD AND BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The present invention, in some embodiments thereof, relates a method and system for loading a cartridge into a pharmaceutical device and particularly, but not exclusively, to a system and method for facilitating proper stabilization of the cartridge.

U.S. Patent No. 8157769 relates to "A cartridge insertion assembly including apparatus with a pathway formed therein, a cartridge insertable into the pathway, the cartridge including a cartridge coupling element connectable to an activation mechanism disposed in the apparatus operative to cause a substance contained in the cartridge to be metered out of the cartridge, and a door pivoted to the apparatus that includes a door coupling element arranged with respect to the cartridge such that when the door is in a fully closed position, the door coupling element couples the cartridge coupling element with a coupling element of the activation mechanism".

U.S. Patent No. 7967795 relates to "A cartridge interface assembly including a driving plunger including an outer shaft, and a driver including an inner shaft, the inner shaft mating with an intermediate shaft, the intermediate shaft mating with the outer shaft, so that the shafts are movable telescopically with respect to one another, wherein rotation of the driver causes the driving plunger to advance in a direction away from the driver".

U.S. Patent No. 9173997 relates to an apparatus "For administering a substance to a subject. A vial contains the substance and a stopper is disposed within the vial and is slidably coupled to the vial. A first threaded element is (a) rotatable with respect to the vial and (b) substantially immobile proximally with respect to the vial during rotation of the first threaded element. A second threaded element is threadably coupled to the first threaded element. At least a distal end of the second threaded element is substantially non-rotatable with respect to the vial, and the distal end of the second threaded element defines a coupling portion that couples the second threaded element to the stopper. The first threaded element, by rotating, linearly advances the stopper and at least the distal end of the second threaded element toward a distal end of the vial. Other embodiments are also described."

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Unless otherwise defined, all technical and/or scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the invention pertains. Although methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can be used in the practice or testing of embodiments of the invention, exemplary methods and/or materials are described below. In case of conflict, the patent specification, including definitions, will control. In addition, the materials, methods, and examples are illustrative only and are not intended to be necessarily limiting.

According to an aspect of some embodiments of the invention, there is provided a system for loading pharmaceutical into a pharmaceutical delivery device including: a cartridge including a cylindrical reservoir having a longitudinal axis and containing the pharmaceutical; a cartridge bay in the pharmaceutical delivery device, the bay sized and shaped to receive the cartridge with the cylindrical reservoir rotated in any of a first orientation and a second orientation rotated around the longitudinal axis; a first interference element on the cartridge and a second complementary interference element on the delivery device, wherein the first interference element on the cartridge and a second complementary interference element are disengaged when the cartridge is fully received by the bay and the reservoir is in any of the first orientation and the second orientation; the first interference element and second complementary interface element interlocking when the cartridge is fully loaded into the bay and the cartridge is in a third orientation around the longitudinal axis, the interlocking preventing rotation of the reservoir around the longitudinal axis in at least one direction.

According to some embodiments of the invention, in the cartridge fits into the bay by longitudinal insertion.

According to some embodiments of the invention, the first interference element is located on a leading face of the cartridge.

According to some embodiments of the invention, the complementary interference element contacts the cartridge only when the cartridge is more than 97% inserted into the bay. According to some embodiments of the invention, the complementary interference element is longitudinally displaced by the cartridge after the cartridge is inserted into the bay at least 97% of its full insertion.

According to some embodiments of the invention, in the first orientation the first interference element and the second complementary interference element overlap in and at least one element of the first interference element and the second complementary interference element is configured for elastically displacing to accommodate the overlap.

According to some embodiments of the invention, when the at least one element is configured to apply a resistance to insertion of the cartridge into the cartridge bay as a result of the elastically displacing.

According to some embodiments of the invention, the system further includes a lock configured for counteracting the resistance.

According to some embodiments of the invention, the lock includes a latch.

According to some embodiments of the invention, in the first orientation the first interference element and the second complementary interference element are disengaged facilitating rotation either direction around the longitudinal axis with respect to the delivery device around.

According to some embodiments of the invention, in the third orientation the interlocking of the first interference element and the second complementary interference element inhibits rotation of the cartridge around the longitudinal axis with respect to the delivery device in two opposite directions.

According to some embodiments of the invention, the system further includes a driver for imparting a torque between the pharmaceutical delivery device and the cartridge around the longitudinal axis.

According to some embodiments of the invention, the driver is configured to drive discharge of the pharmaceutical when the cartridge is prevented from rotating around axis in the at least one direction.

According to some embodiments of the invention, the driver includes a threaded element.

According to some embodiments of the invention, the drive pushes a plunger axially inside of the cylindrical reservoir.

According to some embodiments of the invention, the driver includes a telescoping screw assembly. According to some embodiments of the invention, the driver applies the torque to the threaded element and the threaded element is threadably connected to a second threaded element and the second threaded element is inhibited from rotating around the longitudinal axis with respect to the cartridge.

According to an aspect of some embodiments of the invention, there is provided a method of loading a pharmaceutical cartridge having a cylindrical reservoir into a delivery device including; inserting the cartridge longitudinally into a cartridge bay of the delivery device in a first orientation; applying a torque to the cartridge with a driver; reorienting the cartridge to a second orientation around a longitudinal axis of the reservoir as a result of the applying a torque; interlocking an interference element on the cartridge to a complementary interference element on the delivery device to lock the cartridge in the second orientation; discharging a pharmaceutical from the cartridge as a result of continuing the applying and the interlocking.

According to some embodiments of the invention, the method further includes: elastically displacing an interference element as a result of the inserting; at least partially releasing the elastically displacing when the cartridge reaches the second orientation.

According to some embodiments of the invention, the elastically displacing produces a resistance to the inserting and further including: fixing the cartridge in the cartridge bay after the elastically displacing and wherein the fixing at least partially counteracts the resistance.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE SEVERAL VIEWS OF THE DRAWINGS

Some embodiments of the invention are herein described, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings. With specific reference now to the drawings in detail, it is stressed that the particulars shown are by way of example and for purposes of illustrative discussion of embodiments of the invention. In this regard, the description taken with the drawings makes apparent to those skilled in the art how embodiments of the invention may be practiced.

In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a flow chart of illustration of inserting and/or orientating and/or locking a cartridge in accordance with an embodiment of the current invention;

FIGs. 2 A and 2B are a block diagram of illustrations of cartridge stabilization systems in accordance with embodiments of the current invention; FIGs. 3A-3D are schematic illustrations of a cartridge stabilization system in accordance with an embodiment of the current invention;

FIGs. 4A and 4B are schematic illustrations of an alternative cartridge stabilization system in accordance with an embodiment of the current invention;

FIG. 5 is a flow chart of illustration of inserting and/or orientating and/or locking a cartridge in accordance with an embodiment of the current invention;

FIG. 6 is a perspective cut-away illustrations of a pharmaceutical delivery device including a cartridge stabilization system in accordance with an embodiment of the current invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic proximal cut-away illustration of a pharmaceutical delivery device including a cartridge stabilization system in accordance with an embodiment of the current invention;

FIGs. 8A and 8B are perspective cut-away illustrations of a pharmaceutical delivery device including a cartridge stabilization system in accordance with an embodiment of the current invention;

FIGs. 9A-9C are photographs of a cartridge stabilization system in accordance with an embodiment of the current invention.

FIG. 10 is a schematic illustration of a pharmaceutical cartridge in accordance with an embodiment of the current invention;

FIG. 11 is a schematic illustration of a pharmaceutical cartridge in accordance with an embodiment of the current invention.

DESCRIPTION OF SPECIFIC EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION

The present invention, in some embodiments thereof, relates a method and system for loading a cartridge into a pharmaceutical device and particularly, but not exclusively, to a system and method for facilitating proper stabilization of the cartridge.

Overview

An aspect of some embodiments of the current invention relates to system for stabilizing a pharmaceutical cartridge into a fixed orientation. The cartridge stabilization system optionally allows introduction of a cartridge into a cartridge bay in either the locked orientation and/or another orientation and/or reorients the cartridge to the locked orientation and/or stabilization the cartridge in the locked orientation.

In some embodiments, a stabilization system will be configured to avoid interference with insertion of a cartridge. For example, the stabilization system may allow insertion of the cartridge in a locked orientation and/or in another orientation and/or in an arbitrary orientation.

In some embodiments, the mechanism by which the cartridge is locked will not apply against the insertion of the cartridge. For example, for a longitudinally inserted cartridge, an interference force may resist rotation around the longitudinal axis, but not longitudinal movement. Alternatively, or additionally the force of the locking mechanism may resist insertion only in a portion of the insertion trajectory. For example, resistance to insertion may be at the beginning or end of the insertion process. Optionally, the force resisting insertion may be less than 1/100 the force resisting the locking direction and/or the insertion resistance may range between 1/100 to 1/50 of the force of locking, and/or the insertion resistance may range between 1/50 to 1/10 of the force of locking, and/or the insertion resistance may range between 1/10 to 1/2 of the force of locking. For example, a resistance to insertion may be applied to less than 1/2 of the insertion trajectory and/or over less than 1/4 of the insertion trajectory and/or less than 1/8 of the insertion trajectory and/or less than 1/20 of the insertion trajectory.

In some embodiments, a cartridge stabilization system may assist cartridge insertion. For example, a cartridge stabilization system may add a resistance force that stops when a cartridge is fully inserted into a pharmaceutical delivery device. For example, the stabilization system may serve as a tactile indication to a user indicating that the cartridge is fully installed. For example, the interference element may exert a force ranging between 200 to 400 g and/or between 400 to 800 g and/or between 800 to 2000 g when it is deflected. For example the interference element may deflect between 0.5 to 1.0 mm and/or between 1.0 to 1.5mm and/or between 1.5 to 3 mm. For example the ratio between the force and/or distance of deflection of the interference element when it interlocks to a complementary interference element to the force and/or distance of deflection when the interference element overlaps the complementary interference element may range between 0 to 0.3 and/or between 0.3 to 0.6 and/or between 0.6 to 0.9 and/or between 0.9 to 1.0. Optionally, the interlocked interference elements may hold a cartridge immobile and/or stable for a torque ranging between 0 to 200 g-cm and/or between 0 to 500 g-cm and/or between 0 to 1000 g-cm. In some embodiments the axial force developed by a driver on a plunger, for example during pharmaceutical delivery ranges between 0.5 to 2 kg and/or between 2 to 4 kg and/or between 4 to 10 kg.

In some embodiments, the cartridge is reoriented to a final and/or locked position after insertion. Optionally, a driver, which drives delivery of a pharmaceutical, will also drive reorientation of a cartridge. For example, a drive may apply a torque to a cartridge. The torque my reorient the cartridge until the stabilization system stabilizes the cartridge in the locked orientation. Optionally, when the cartridge is locked, the driver may begin continue to drive the cartridge.

Optionally, after locking the force of the driver may perform a different function from reorienting. For example, once the cartridge is locked and/or resists rotation, the torque of the driver may be converted into a force discharging and/or delivering the pharmaceutical and/or drive a preparation for discharge, for example pushing a plunger driver and/or a plunger and/or piercing a septum.

In some embodiments, a locking mechanism includes an interference element.

Optionally, the interference element does not interfere with movement when the cartridge is not in the locked position. Alternatively or additionally, the interference element may be elastically pushed out of a locking position when the cartridge is not in a locked position. Alternatively or additionally, an interference element will produce a force in one direction (for example, a resistance to insertion due to friction and/or elastic forcing of the interference element) while the cartridge is out of the locked position and/or the interference element will produce a different force (for example blocking rotation) in the locked position. In some embodiments, the non-locking positions may include for example angles covering between 359 to 300 degrees of orientations and/or between 300 to 200 degrees and/or between 200 to 100 degrees and/or between 100 to 50 degrees and/or between 50 to 2 degrees.

In some embodiments, a cartridge will include an interference element on a leading face and/or surface thereof (a leading face and/or surface may include a surface that is facing the direction of travel as the cartridge is inserted into the delivery device). For example, for a cartridge that is optionally pushed distally into a cartridge bay the interference element may optionally be located on a distal face of the cartridge. Optionally, the interference element does not interlock with a complementary element and/or does not interfere with insertion of the cartridge until the distal face is inserted to reach a complementary interference element of the delivery device. For example, the interference elements may interact in an area ranging between the last ½ to the last 1/10 of the insertion and/or between the last 1/10 to the last 1/100 of the insertion. For example, the interference elements may interact in an area ranging between the last 2 cm to the last 4 mm of the insertion and/or between the last 4 mm to the last 0.4 mm of the insertion. In some embodiments, a driver includes an antirotational connection to a pharmaceutical reservoir. For example, a plunger and/or a friction pad may supply anti- rotational friction between an inner wall of a reservoir and the driver.

Before explaining at least one embodiment of the invention in detail, it is to be understood that the invention is not necessarily limited in its application to the details of construction and the arrangement of the components and/or methods set forth in the following description and/or illustrated in the drawings and/or the Examples. The invention is capable of other embodiments or of being practiced or carried out in various ways.

Flow chart of an exemplary method of stabilizing a cartridge

FIG. 1 is a flow chart illustration of inserting and/or orientating and/or locking a cartridge in accordance with an embodiment of the current invention. In some embodiments, a user inserts 102 a pharmaceutical cartridge into a delivery device in an arbitrary orientation. Optionally, the device reorients 104 the cartridge until it reaches a locked orientation 106 and locks 108. For example, the driver that drives discharge 110 of the pharmaceutical also drives orientation of the cartridge.

In some embodiments, a user inserts 102 a pharmaceutical cartridge into a delivery device. For example, a pharmaceutical cartridge may include a tubular reservoir that is inserted longitudinally into a cartridge bay. For example, a cartridge may include a syringe and/or a vial and/or an ampoule. In some embodiments, during delivery the cartridge may be stabilized in the cartridge bay at a fixed orientation. Nevertheless, it may be desirable that the device perform properly when the user inserts 102 the cartridge in an arbitrary orientation. Furthermore, it may be desirable that the locking mechanism not impede cartridge insertion. For example, a friction based stabilization may impede insertion of the cartridge. Optionally, the cartridge is inserted 102 while the locking mechanism is disengaged.

In some embodiments, a user initiates the device. For example, initiating the device may include activating 103 a driver of pharmaceutical delivery. Optionally, initially, for example while the cartridge in unlocked, the driver may not drive delivery of the pharmaceutical. For example, initially, the driver may drive reorientation 104 of the cartridge. Optionally, the cartridge will continue to reorient 104 until it reaches a locked orientation 106 and/or is locked 108.

In some embodiments, a delivery driver will continue to operate 109 after a cartridge is locked 108 and/or in its locked orientation 106. Optionally, continued operation subject.

Embodiments of a cartridge stabilizer

FIG. 2A is a block diagram of illustration of cartridge stabilization system in accordance with an embodiment of the current invention. In some embodiments, a delivery device 201 includes a cartridge bay 204 that accommodates a pharmaceutical reservoir 202. For example, bay 204 may accommodate reservoir 202 in more than one possible orientation. Optionally, when reservoir 202 is in a locked orientation, complementary interference elements 218 and 208 on the cartridge and bay respectively interlock and/or lock the cartridge into the locked orientation. Optionally, when the cartridge is in a non- locked orientation, interference elements 218 and 208 overlap. Optionally, when the cartridge is in a non-locked orientation at least one of interference elements 218 and 208 is elastically displaced.

In some embodiments, delivery device 201 includes a driver 203. Optionally driver 203 drives reorientation of reservoir 202 in bay 204. For example, driver 203 may produce a torque that rotates reservoir 202. Optionally, the torque may reorient cartridge, for example by rotating reservoir 202 around an axis inside bay 204. Optionally, when reservoir 202 reaches a particular orientation (for example a locked orientation), interference element 218 on the cartridge interlocks with interference element 208 on the delivery device and/or stops reorientation of the cartridge with respect to the device.

In some embodiments, when reservoir 202 is locked, further torque of driver 203 drives delivery of the pharmaceutical. For example, reservoir 202 may include a pharmaceutical reservoir and/or a pump for discharging a pharmaceutical from the reservoir. For example, driver 203 may impel a plunger into the reservoir to discharge the pharmaceutical from reservoir 202.

In some embodiments, driver 203 may include a telescoping screw assembly (TSA) and/or a plunger interface. For example, driver 203 may include a motor (for example a DC electric motor and/or a brushless electric motor and/or a chemical powered motor). The motor optionally applies a torque between the TSA and a chassis 212 of the delivery device. Optionally the TSA applies the torque to the plunger; the plunger optionally applies the torque to the reservoir. For example, as long as reservoir 202 is free to rotate, the torque of the motor rotates reservoir 202. When reservoir 202 is locked by interlocked interference elements 208 and/or 218, to the cartridge produces a counter torque, which is transmitted to the TSA. Optionally the torque and counter torque on the TSA may cause screw threads in the TSA to rotate with respect to each other expanding the telescoping assembly and/or driving the plunger and/or discharging the pharmaceutical. Alternatively or additionally, a driver may include a linear actuator and/or a piston assembly, which drives discharge. Alternatively or additionally, torque may be transferred between the cartridge and the driver by friction between the plunger and the inner wall of the reservoir and/or by a friction element (for example a friction pad contacting and inner wall of the reservoir) and/or by an interference element.

FIG. 2B is a block diagram illustrating and alternative pharmaceutical delivery device in accordance with an embodiment of the current invention. In some embodiments, a drug delivery device 201 may include a motor 230. Optionally, motor 230 drives a transmission 205. For example, transmission 205 may transmit rotational energy to a telescoping screw assembly, TSA 233. Optionally TSA 233 is connected to a plunger 286 of a reservoir 202. For example, torque from motor 230 may rotate an entire cartridge (for example including transmission 205, TSA 233, plunger 286 and/or reservoir 202). Alternatively or additionally, when reservoir 202 and/or plunger 286 are prevented from rotating, rotating transmission 205 may rotate on part of TSA 233 with respect to a threadably connected second part of TSA 233. Rotation of the threadably connected parts with respect to one another optionally expands TSA 233 and/or pushes plunger 286 into the reservoir, for example driving discharge of a pharmaceutical.

Exemplary surfaces of contact with a cartridge

FIGs. 3A-3D are schematic illustrations of a cartridge stabilization system in accordance with an embodiment of the current invention. Optionally, a cartridge may include a cylindrical reservoir 302, which is inserted longitudinally into a delivery device in an arbitrary orientation. Cylindrical reservoir 302 optionally is free to rotate until an interference element 308 of the delivery device interlocks with a complementary feature on the cartridge inhibiting further rotation of the cartridge with respect to the delivery device.

In some embodiments, reservoir 302 includes a groove 317 and/or a complementary interference element, for example a protruding section 318 configured to interlock with an interference element 308 on the delivery device. Optionally, interference element 308 is elastic. For example when groove 317 is not aligned with interference element 308 and/or when protruding section 318 overlaps interference element 308 (for example as illustrated in FIGs. 3 A and 3B) then element 308 may flex out of the way of cartridge 302 allowing insertion of cartridge 302 into the delivery device and/or allowing rotation of cartridge 302 with respect to the delivery device.

In some embodiments, when groove 317 is aligned with element 308, then element 308 and protruding section 318 interlock. For example, element 308 may be biased toward groove 317 such that when they are aligned element 308 snaps into groove 317 and/or interlocks (for example as illustrated in FIGs. 3C and/or 3D). Optionally, interlocking may allow longitudinal movement of the cartridge with respect to the device. Optionally, interlocking may inhibit further rotation of cartridge with respect to the device.

FIGs. 4 A and 4B are schematic illustrations of an alternative cartridge stabilization system in accordance with an embodiment of the current invention. In some embodiments, a cartridge includes a complementary interference element on a leading face of the cartridge. For example, the cartridge may be inserted distally into a cartridge bay. The complementary interference element of the cartridge may be on a distal face of the cartridge. For example, the distal face may encounter an interference element of the delivery device when as the cartridge approaches complete insertion into the delivery device. Optionally, the interference elements will not inhibit (and/or affect) the beginning of cartridge insertion.

In some embodiments, a cartridge may include a reservoir 402 having a proximal flange 416. Optionally, an interference element 408 on the delivery device interacts with a complementary element on the cartridge. For example, the distal face 419 of flange 416 may include a groove and/or a protrusion that interlocks with element 408 when cartridge is in a particular orientation. For example, when element 408 overlaps with the protrusions either element 408 or the protrusion may be elastically displaced. For example, when element 408 is aligned with the groove it may snap into the groove and/or interlock with the protrusion and/or lock the orientation of reservoir 402. Optionally, element 408 will contact flange 416 during the last 1 mm of cartridge insertion. For example, at the end of insertion, elastic forces of element 408 may push the cartridge outward from the cartridge bay until the cartridge reaches a fully in inserted position. At the fully inserted position, the cartridge may be fixed in place, fixing the cartridge may include an opposing force to the outward force of element 408. For example, the resistance force of element 408 and/or the nullification of the resistance may serve as a tactile sign to the user that the cartridge has been fully inserted.

In some embodiments, a cartridge includes a TSA 403. For example, TSA 403 may be connected to a transmission, for example including a drive gear 405. Optionally, when the cartridge is inserted into the delivery device, the transmission connects to a motor that drives TSA to rotate the cartridge and/or to discharge the pharmaceutical.

Exemplary stabilizing of a cartridge and/or discharging of a pharmaceutical

FIG. 5 is a flow chart of illustration of inserting and/or orientating and/or locking a cartridge in accordance with an embodiment of the current invention. In some embodiments, the locking mechanism does not affect cartridge insertion until the cartridge is close to the end of insertion. At the end of insertion, the interference element of the delivery device optionally contacts a complementary surface and/or element of the cartridge. For example, the complementary surface may be a surface with a portion that interlocks to the interference element and/or a portion that facilitate reorientation of the cartridge until an interlocking portion of the surface contacts the interference element.

In some embodiment, a cartridge is freely inserted 502 into a delivery device.

Optionally, the cartridge may be inserted 502 in various and/or arbitrary orientations. For example, for a cartridge with a cylindrical reservoir, the cartridge optionally is inserted in any rotational orientation around the longitudinal axis of the reservoir. Optionally, a stabilization system does not interfere with insertion at least for insertion to between 50 to 90% and/or between 90 to 97% and/or between 97 to 99% of its fully inserted depth. For example, the stabilization system may not interfere with the orientation of the cartridge and/or apply a force to the cartridge before it is inserted to the stated depth. Alternatively or additionally, the stabilization system may apply an average force over the beginning portion of insertion that is less than ½ and/or less than 1/10 and/or less than 1/100 the average force over the final portion of insertion.

In some embodiments, the cartridge may contact 524 an interference element of a stabilization system during a final portion of insertion after an initial portion of insertion. For example, the initial portion of insertion may range between 50% inserted to 90% inserted and/or between 90% to 95% and/or between 95% to 99% and/or greater than 99% of the fully inserted depth. For example, after the cartridge contacts 524 the interference element, the element may produce resistance to further insertion and/or an outward force. For example, the outward force may push the cartridge out from the cartridge bay. Optionally, when the cartridge is fully inserted it may be fixed 526 in the cartridge bay. For example, the fixing 526 may counteract and/or nullify the outward force of contact 526 with the interference element. Optionally, the resistance resulting from contact 524 with the interference element may serve the user as a sign that the cartridge is approaching full insertion and/or has not reached full insertions. Optionally, fixing 526 may serve the user as a sign that the cartridge is properly and/or fully inserted.

In some embodiments, after a cartridge is fully inserted 502 and/or fixed 526, a user may place the pharmaceutical delivery device onto a delivery site and/or activate 503 the device. Optionally, when the device is active and the cartridge is in a non-locked orientation [no in decision box 506] (for example, an interference element in the cartridge bay in not aligned and/or not interlocking with a complementary feature on the cartridge and/or an interference elements on the delivery device overlaps an interference element on the cartridge) then one of the interference element may be displaced elastically 520. For example, elastic displacement 520 may be by elastic deformation of the interference element and/or the interference element may have an elastic mount (for example a spring and/or an elastic joint) that deforms elastically. For example, the displacement may be caused by overlap of the interference element with a complementary interference element. Optionally, when the cartridge is in a non-locked orientation [no in decision box 506], action of a driver on the cartridge may reorient 504 (for example rotate) the cartridge. Optionally, the driver continues to reorient 504 the cartridge with respect to the delivery device until the cartridge reaches the locked orientation.

In some embodiments, when the cartridge is in a locked orientation [yes in decision box 506], an interference elements on the cartridge and/or delivery device may interlock 522. Interlocking 522 may orientationally lock 508 the cartridge in the locked orientation. Optionally, when the cartridge is orientationally locked 508, the driver may continue to operate 109. For example, continued operation 109 of the driver when the cartridge in orientationally locked 508 may cause delivery and/or discharge 110 of the pharmaceutical. Detailed embodiments of a cartridge stabilizing system

FIG. 6 is a perspective cut-away illustration of a pharmaceutical delivery device including a cartridge stabilization system in accordance with an embodiment of the current invention. In some embodiments, a reservoir fits into a cartridge bay. As reservoir is inserted, a leading face optionally contacts an interference element of the delivery device. Optionally, in some orientations, a protrusion on the leading face contacts the interference element and/or elastically displaces the interference element.

Optionally, in some orientations, a depression on the leading face contacts the interference element. For example, a depression and/or a protrusion may include a complementary interference element that optionally interlocks with the interference element of the delivery device and/or locks the orientation of reservoir.

In some embodiments, when a reservoir is almost fully inserted, an interference element 608 of the delivery device contacts a leading face 619 including complementary element 618. For example, face 619 may include protrusions and/or depressions 617 (for example, a complementary interference element 618 may include a protrusion in face 619).

When interference element 608 contacts face 619, element 608 is elastically displaced. For example, when element 608 contacts face 619, element 608 bends distally. Optionally, displacing element 608 causes resistance to cartridge insertion. In some embodiments, inserting the reservoir further after contacting element 608, further displaces element 608 and/or activates a longitudinal fixing mechanism that fixes the cartridge in the cartridge bay.

In some embodiments, a reservoir 602 of the cartridge includes a connector. For example, reservoir 602 includes a septum 638. Optionally, the delivery device 650 includes a complimentary connector, for example, a hollow needle 636.

Optionally, as the cartridge reaches its locked position needle 636 punctures septum

638 and creates a fluid path between reservoir 602 and the delivery device 650.

In some embodiments, the pharmaceutical delivery device 650 includes a closure element. For example, the pharmaceutical delivery device 650 may include a door 640 to the cartridge bay 604. For example, the door 640 rotates around an axle 640 to open and/or close.

In some embodiments, a closure element, for example door 640 may includes parts of a driver of the delivery device. For example, door 640 includes a second axle 642, which optionally supports a connection between the cartridge and the delivery device 650. For example, the connection may include a gear that connects a TSA of the cartridge to a motor of the delivery device 650. An exemplary, the drive system of device 650 and/or reservoir 602 is shown, for example in more detail in FIG. 7.

In some embodiments, a cartridge includes a flange 616. For example, a latch in device 650 may block flange 616 when reservoir 602 is fully inserted into bay 604 and/or longitudinally fix reservoir 602 into bay 604.

FIG. 7 is a schematic proximal cross sectional illustration of pharmaceutical delivery device 650 including a cartridge stabilization system in accordance with an embodiment of the current invention. In some embodiments, delivery device 650 includes a motor 730. For example, motor 730 is connected by a transmission 616 to a TSA 703. Optionally, when motor 730 is connected to TSA 703, motor 730 rotates TSA 703. In some embodiments, a motor 730 is mounted to chassis 612 of the delivery device 650. Optionally, motor 730 rotates a gear 786 with respect to chassis 612. Another gear 784 is optionally mounted on axle 641 of door 640. For example when door 640 is closed (for example as illustrated in FIG. 7), gear 784 interconnects between gear 786 and transmission 705. Optionally, when gear 786 is connected to transmission 705, rotating gear 786 causes TSA 703 to rotate with respect to chassis 612.

In some embodiments, TSA 703 is rotationally interlocked to reservoir 602.

Optionally, when reservoir 602 can rotate with respect to chassis 612 then rotating transmission 705 rotates reservoir 602. Alternatively or additionally, when reservoir 602 is rotationally locked with respect to chassis 612, then rotating transmission 705 rotates one end of TSA 703 with respect to the other end of TSA 703. Rotating one end of TSA 703 with respect to the other end of TSA 703 optionally causes TSA 703 to expand or contract. For example, expanding TSA 703 may push a plunger into the reservoir and/or discharge a pharmaceutical.

In some embodiments, a latch 788 fixes the cartridge into bay 604. For example, when the cartridge is inserted into bay 604, latch 788 flexes downward to allow flange 616 to enter bay 604. Alternatively or additionally, when the cartridge it's fully inserted into bay 604, latch 788 snaps upward, blocking flange 616 into position and/or fixing the cartridge inside bay 604. Optionally, latch 788 produces a counter force at least partially negating the resistance to insertion of the elastic displacement of interference element 608.

FIGs. 8A and 8B are perspective cut-away illustrations of pharmaceutical delivery device 650 including a cartridge stabilization system in accordance with an embodiment of the current invention. In some embodiments, when leading face 619 of a cartridge contacts interference element 608, the face 619 and/or the interference element 608 may be elastically displaced. Optionally, elastic displacement may occur when an interference element 618 on the cartridge is interlocks with a complementary element 608 on the delivery device 650, for example when interference element 608 overlaps an indentation

617 on face 619. Alternatively or additionally, elastic displacement may occur when an interference element 618 on the cartridge is not aligned with a complementary element 608 on the delivery device, for example, when interference element overlaps with a projection. The elastic displacement force may give a tactile feedback to a user helping him know when the cartridge has been completely inserted. In some orientations, the elements 608 and/or

618 may stabilize the orientation of the cartridge. FIG. 8A illustrates an exemplary embodiment of the current invention with a reservoir 602 fully inserted into a bay 604. In FIG. 8 A reservoir 602 is optionally oriented such that interference elements 608 and 618 are not aligned. For example, interference element 608 may overlap and/or be elastically displaced by a protrusion on face 619 of the cartridge. In some embodiments, when reservoir 602 is fully inserted into bay 604 a latch 788 fixes flange 616 into the delivery device.

In some embodiments, a protrusion on leading face 619 of reservoir 602 pushes interference element 608 and/or elastically displaces element 608. Element 608, optionally, forces reservoir 602 backwards giving a tactile resistance to the user.

Optionally, when interference element 608 is not aligned with interference element

618, reservoir 602 is free to rotate around its axis.

In some embodiments, a driver, for example TSA 703 causes the reservoir 602 to rotate. Optionally, reservoir 602 rotates until interference element 608 is aligned with interference element 618. Alternatively or additionally, reservoir 602 may be inserted into bay 604 in an orientation with interference elements 608 and 618 already aligned.

In some embodiments, for example, as Illustrated in FIG. 8B, when interference element 608 is aligned with element 618, then interference element 608 snaps into a groove and/or indentation 617 of face 619 and/or interlocks with a complementary interference element 618 and/or locks the orientation of reservoir 602.

Optionally, interference element 608 is less displaced or not all displaced when it is aligned with element 618 than when it overlaps element 618. For example, when the interference elements are aligned the elastic displacement and/or elastic force may range between 50% to 90% the displacement when the elements are not aligned (for example when they overlap) and/or between 20% to 50% and/or between 1% to 20% and/or when aligned there may be no elastic displacement of the interference elements and/or not elastic force between the cartridge and the delivery device.

In some embodiments, when reservoir 602 is fully inserted into bay 604, a connection and/or a fluid path may be created between reservoir 602 and delivery device 650. For example, a hollow needle 636 may puncture a septum 638 of a reservoir 602. Optionally, puncturing septum 638 may create a fluid path between device 650 and reservoir 602. Illustrated, for example, in FIGs. 8A and 8B is a hinge 841 of device 650 around which hinge 641 and/or door 640 revolve

FIGs. 9A-9C are photographs of a cartridge stabilization system in accordance with an embodiment of the current invention. In some embodiments, a cartridge 902 is inserted into a cartridge bay. Optionally, a leading face 919 of cartridge 902 approaches an interference element 908. As the cartridge approaches full insertion, face 919 optionally contacts the interference element 908 either in alignment (with an interference element 917 of the cartridge aligned to interference element 908) or not in alignment. For example, when the face 919 contacts the interference element 908 not in alignment (for example as illustrated in FIG. 9B), the cartridge 902 is optionally reoriented 955 until it aligns with the interference element 908. For example, when the cartridge 902 is in alignment, an interference element 917 on the leading face 919 of the cartridge may in interlock with the interference element 908 of the delivery device (for example as illustrated in FIG. 9C). Once the interface elements are interlocked, the orientation of the cartridge 902 is optionally locked with respect to the delivery device. In some embodiments, when the cartridge 902 is locked further action of the driver powers pharmaceutical delivery.

FIG. 9A shows leading face 919 of a cartridge 902 approaching interference element 908 in accordance with an embodiment of the current invention. Optionally, leading face 919 of cartridge 902 includes protruding sections 917 and indentations 918a, 918b and 918c. For example, in FIG. 9A protrusions 917 |include complementary interference elements that interlock with interference element 908. In the example of FIG. 9 A, leading face 919 is approaching interference element 908 out of alignment. For example, complimentary interference elements 917 are not aligned to interlock with interference element 908 in the illustrated orientation of cartridge 902.

In some embodiments, the interference element 908 includes a pin. For example in the embodiment of FIGs. 9A-9C, the complimentary interference elements include a protrusion 917. Optionally a protruding interference element may be part of the cartridge and/or the delivery device. Optionally an interference element of the delivery device may include an elastic part. Alternatively or additionally, an interference element on the cartridge may include an elastic part. Optionally cartridge 902 includes a connector 938. For example, connector 938 may include a septum. For example, septum may connect to a needle 638 of the delivery device. Alternatively or additionally, a connector on a cartridge may include a needle. For example, the needle may connect to a septum of a delivery device.

In some embodiments, a leading face of a cartridge reaches the interference elements 908 of the delivery device out of alignment. Optionally, the driver realigns the cartridge 902 into alignment with interference element 908. For example, when the cartridge 902 is fully inserted, protrusion 917 overlaps and/or pushes interference element 908 out of the way. For example, interference element 908 is displaced elastically. Pushing interference element 908 optionally adds a resistance to insertion of the cartridge. For example, displacement of interference element 908 may be by elastic flexing of element 908 (for example as illustrated in FIG. 9B). Optionally, elastic displacement of interference element 908 allows cartridge 902 to be fully inserted until it is fixed longitudinally in the cartridge bay.

In some embodiments, after insertion of the cartridge 902 into the cartridge bay, a driver is activated. Optionally, the driver reorients cartridge 902. For example, cartridge 902 is rotated as Illustrated by arrow 955 in FIG. 9B. Optionally rotation of the cartridge continues until interference element 908 is overlaps with indentation 918b. Once the interference element 908 is overlaps indentation 918b, interference element 908 optionally snaps into indentation 918b. For example, by snapping into the indentation 918b, interference element 908 locks the orientation of cartridge 902, for example as illustrated in FIG. 9C. Optionally, both edges of an indentation 918b may be at a sharp incline. For example, both sides of an interference element may be sharply angled, for example to lock in either direction. Alternatively or additionally, one side of an indentation 918b may be steeply angled (for example to prevent rotation in that direction) and/or another side may be at a shallow angle (for example to allow rotation in that direction). For example, rotation in a preferred direction require between 100% to 50% the torque of rotation in an opposite direction and/or between 50% to 20% and/or between 20% to 5% and/or between 5% to 1% and/or less that 1% as much force as rotating in the opposite (prevented) direction.

In some embodiments, when interference element 908 is interlocked with complimentary interference element 917, cartridge 902 is locked and it is orientation with respect to the delivery device, for example, as Illustrated in FIG. 9C. For example, when interference elements 908 overlaps a protrusion 917, cartridge 902 may rotate until an indentation 918b overlaps with interference element 908 and/or interference element 908 is in alignment for locking with complimentary interference 917. For example, when indentation 918b overlaps with interference element 908, interference element 908 optionally snaps into indentation 918b locking the orientation of cartridge 902. Alternatively or additionally, the cartridge 902 may be inserted with interference elements 908 and 917 already in locking alignment. For example, interference element 908 may immediately slip into an indentation 918a-918c. When indentations 918a-918c and 908 overlap and cartridge 902 it is fully inserted, interference element 908 may be unstressed. Alternately or additionally, interference element 908 may be displaced elastically when it is overlaps with an indentation 918a-918c. For example, this may give a tactile sign when the cartridge is fully inserted when the two interference elements 908 and 917 are aligned to interlock.

Exemplary interfaces between a driver and a reservoir

FIG. 10 is a schematic illustration of a pharmaceutical cartridge in accordance with an embodiment of the current invention. In some embodiments, a cartridge may include a driver. Optionally a drive may include one part of the driver that is orientationally stabilized with respect to the reservoir and/or a second part that is translationally stabilized with respect to the reservoir.

In some embodiments, a cartridge includes a driver. For example, a driver may include a TSA. For example, the TSA may include an internally threaded element 1033, which is tlireadably connected to an externally threaded pushing rod 1003. When element 1033 rotates with respect to rod 1003 the rod is optionally translated with respect to element 1033. Optionally the element is connected to a reservoir 1002 of the cartridge, such that element 1033 does not translate linearly with respect to reservoir 1002 and/or does not separate from reservoir 1002. In some embodiments element 1033 can rotate with respect to reservoir 1002. In some embodiments, rod 1003 is rotationally stabilized with respect to reservoir 1002. Alternatively or additionally, an internally threaded element may be translationally stabilized and/or an externally threaded element may be rotationally stabilized.

In some embodiments, element 1033 is connected to a transmission 1005. For example, transmission 1005 may connect to a motor, which optionally rotates transmission 1005 and/or element 1033 with respect to a delivery device.

In some embodiments rod 1003 is rotationally stabilized with respect to a reservoir 1002. For example, the rod may be connected to a stabilizer pad 1093. Pad 1093 may cause friction between rod 1003 and an inner wall of reservoir 1002. For example when element 1033 is rotated with respect to a reservoir 1002, rod 1003 may rotate with element 1033 and/or alternatively rod 1003 make move linearly with respect to element 1033. Whether rod moves linearly or rotates is optionally controlled by the pitch of the screw threads connecting rod 1003 to element 1033 and/or by the friction between pad 1093 and reservoir 1002.

In some embodiments, rod 1003 is connected to a plunger interface 1092.

Optionally, driving rod 1003 into reservoir 1002 couples plunger interface 1092 to a plunger 1086 in the reservoir 1002. Further driving rod 1003 into reservoir 1002, optionally drives plunger 1086 into reservoir 1002 and/or discharges a pharmaceutical 1089. For example, pharmaceutical 1089 may be discharged out a distal end of reservoir 1002 opposite element 1033. Alternatively or additionally, a cartridge may not include a friction pad 1093. For example, plunger 1086 be connected to rod 1003 and/or plunger 1086 may supply friction between the inner wall of reservoir 1002 and rod 1003.

The cartridge of the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 10 includes a hollow needle 1036. For example when cartridge is inserted into a delivery device, needle 1036 may puncture a septum of the delivery device and/or supply fluid path between reservoir 1002 and the delivery device. A cartridge optionally includes a proximal flange 1016.

In some embodiments, when reservoir 1002 is held stable with respect to a delivery device (for example by means of a cartridge stabilization system) and/or transmission 1005 is rotated with respect to the delivery device, the pharmaceutical is discharged. Alternatively or additionally, when reservoir 1002 is not prevented from rotating with respect to the delivery device, rotating transmission 1005 with respect to the delivery device may rotate reservoir 1002 with respect to the delivery device and/or may not cause discharge of the pharmaceutical 1089.

FIG. 11 is a schematic illustration of a pharmaceutical cartridge in accordance with an embodiment of the current invention. In some embodiments, a cartridge may include a driver. Optionally a drive may include one part of the driver that is orientationally stabilized with respect to the reservoir and/or a second part that is translationally stabilized with respect to the reservoir.

In some embodiments, a cartridge includes a driver. For example, a driver may include a TSA. For example, the TSA may include a containing element 1133, which is irrotationally connected to an externally threaded pushing rod 1103a. When element 1133 rotates, rod 1103a is optionally also rotated. Optionally element 1133 is connected to a reservoir 1102 of the cartridge, such that element 1133 does not translate linearly with respect to reservoir 1102 and/or does not separate from reservoir 1102. For example, a shoulder of element 1133 may rest on a flange 1116 of reservoir 1102. In some embodiments element 1133 can rotate with respect to reservoir 1102. In some embodiments, rod 1103a threadably connected to a second rod 1103b. For example, rod 1103b includes an inner thread, which is coupled to the outer thread of rod 1103a. Additionally or alternatively, rod 1103b includes an out thread that is coupled to an inner thread of a plunger interface 1192. In some embodiments, element 1133 is connected to a transmission 1105. For example, transmission 1105 may connect to a motor, which optionally rotates transmission 1105 and/or element 1133 with respect to a delivery device.

In some embodiments, plunger interface 1192 is connected to a plunger 1186. Plunger 1186 is optionally in friction contact with an inner wall of reservoir 1102. For example when element 1133 is rotated with respect to a reservoir 1102, rod 1103a may rotate with rod 1103b and/or alternatively rod 1103a rotate with respect to and/or move linearly with respect to rod 1103b. Alternatively or additionally, when rod 1103b is rotated with respect to a reservoir 1102, rod 1103b may rotate with plunger interface 1192 and/or alternatively rod 1103b rotate with respect to and/or move linearly with respect to plunger interface 1192. Whether parts moves linearly or rotate is optionally controlled by the pitch of the screw threads and/or by the friction between plunger 1186 and reservoir 1102.

Optionally, driving interface 1192 into reservoir 1102, optionally drives plunger 1186 into reservoir 1102 and/or discharges a pharmaceutical 1189. For example, pharmaceutical 1189 may be discharged out a distal end of reservoir 1102 opposite element 1133. For example, plunger 1186 be connected to interface 1192 and/or plunger 1186 may supply friction between the inner wall of reservoir 1102 and interface 1192 for example inhibiting rotation of interface 1192 with respect to reservoir 1102.

The cartridge of the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 11 includes a septum 1138. For example when cartridge is inserted into a delivery device, a needle of the delivery device may puncture a septum of the delivery device and/or supply fluid path between reservoir 1102 and the delivery device.

In some embodiments, when reservoir 1102 is held stable with respect to a delivery device (for example by means of a cartridge stabilization system) and/or transmission 1105 is rotated with respect to the delivery device, the pharmaceutical is discharged. Alternatively or additionally, when reservoir 1102 is not prevented from rotating with respect to the delivery device, rotating transmission 1105 with respect to the delivery device may rotate reservoir 1102 with respect to the delivery device and/or may not cause discharge of the pharmaceutical 1189.

FIG. 11 shows leading face 1119 of reservoir 1102 in accordance with an embodiment of the current invention. Optionally, leading face 1119 of reservoir 1102 includes protruding sections 1117 and/or indentations 1118. For example, a protrusion 1117 may |include a complementary interference element that interlocks with an interference element of the delivery device. Exemplary dimensions of a drug delivery device

In some embodiments the payload of a reservoir (for example a syringe) may include, for example between 0.5 and 2ml and/or between 2 and 5ml and/or between 5 and 7 ml and/or between 7 and 10 ml of a drug and/or more. In some embodiments, the injector may discharge the entire payload as a single dose. A drug delivery device may include, for example, a patch injector, and/or an internally powered driver to drive the plunger and/or discharge the payload.

For the sake of this application, an internally powered injector driver may be defined as a drive mechanism powered by energy stored at least temporarily within the injector. Power may be stored in a power supply, for instance as chemical potential (for example a chemical that produces an expanding gas and/or a battery) and/or mechanical potential (for example stored in an elastic member and/or a spring and/or a pressurized gas). For example, the driver may be designed to discharge the payload over a time period ranging between 20 and 120 seconds and/or between 120 and 600 seconds and/or between 600 seconds and an hour and/or between an hour and a day and/or longer.

In some embodiments, the apparatus may be preprogrammed to wait a fixed time delay ranging between 2 to 20 minutes and/or 20 minutes to an hour and/or an hour to 6 hours and/or 6 hours to 2 days after activation before beginning delivery of the substance. Optionally the length of the time delay may be an estimated time for a temperature sensitive component of the apparatus to reach a preferred working temperature. For example, the temperature sensitive component may include the drug and/or a battery.

In general, discharge may be driven by a driver. An internally powered driver may be powered by various mechanisms including for example a motor as discussed, including for example a DC motor, an actuator, a brushless motor, and/or a transmission including for example a telescoping assembly and/or a threaded interference element and/or a gear and/or a coupling and/or an elastic mechanism (for example a spring and/or a rubber band) and/or an expanding gas and/or a hydraulic actuator).

A drug delivery device in accordance with some embodiments of the present invention may include a reservoir part as discussed. For example, a reservoir may include a medicine container and/or a syringe. Optionally a syringe may be preloaded with medicine using standard equipment and/or in an aseptic room. A preloaded syringe may optionally include a proximal opening. A plunger may optionally seal the proximal opening and/or protect the sterility of the contents of the syringe. A sterile needle, typically hollow, may optionally be connected to the syringe barrel. For example, the hollow of the needle may be in fluid communication with the interior of the barrel.

The needle may optionally be rigidly attached to the extension at the distal end of the barrel. The sterility of all and/or part of the needle may for example be protected by a protective cap. The protective cap may remain on the needle when the syringe is supplied and/or installed into an injector. For example, the medicine container may optionally include a cylindrical barrel rigidly attached to a needle. In some embodiments, a plunger may slide axially along the inside of the barrel to discharge a medicine payload. For example, the medicine may be discharged through the hollow needle. The protruding tip of the needle may be oriented at an angle to the axis of the barrel.

An aspect ratio of the base may be defined as the ratio of the length of the longest axis of the base to the shortest axis. Optionally the axis ratio may range between 1 to 1.5 and/or 1.5 to 2 and/or between 2 to 3 and/or greater than 3. In some embodiments, the height of the injector may range between half the length of the short axis of the base to the length of the short axis of the base and/or between the length of the short axis of the base to twice the length of the short axis of the base and/or greater than the twice length of the short axis of the base. The height of the injector may supply leverage for pivoting the adhesive off the skin of a patient after use.

In some embodiments, the force to insert the needle to the skin of a patient may range for example between 0.02 to 0.2 N and/or between 0.2 and 0.5 N and/or between .5 to 5 N. Optionally, the force required to inject the drug (for example the force on a syringe plunger) may range for example between 5 to 60 N. For example, the force required to inject the drug may depend on the injection rate and/or the viscosity of the drug and/or the syringe geometry and/or the needle dimensions.

In some embodiments, injection of medicine may be driven by a plunger. The plunger may optionally be driven by a threaded assembly, for example a threaded screw and/or teeth and/or a telescoping assembly. Optionally the pitch of the teeth and/or an associated screw may range for example between 0.5 and 2 mm. The diameter of the screw may range for example between 2.5 and 15 mm. The torque to power injection may range for example between 0.2 and 1.0 N*cm. The trigger torque (the torque at which the needle safeguarding is triggered) may range for example between to 0.5 to 2 and/or from 2 to 7 and/or from 7 to 10N*cm. During injection, the linear movement of a plunger may range for example between 10-50mm. The length of movement of the plunger may vary for example with the volume of medicine to be injected that may range for example between 0.5 to 3ml.

In some embodiments a time of discharge may range may depend on the fill volume and/or viscosity For example the expected injection speeds may be Injection speed depend on viscosity, for example for viscosity ranging from lcp to 15 cp the expected injection rage may range between 30 to 70sec/lml, for example for viscosity ranging from 15cp to 60 cp the expected injection rate may range between 35 to 60 sec/ml for viscosity above 60 cp the expected injection rate may range between 53 to 67sec/lml. The maximum and/or minimum expected injection time may for example be the maximum and/or minimum allowed fill volume divided by an injection rate.

For example an expected time of discharge may range for example between 24 to 78 seconds (for example for between 0.8 and 1.2ml of fluid having a viscosity ranging between 1 to 15cp) and/or between 36 to 68 seconds (for example for between 1.2 and 1.7 ml of fluid having a viscosity ranging between 1 to 15cp) and/or between 51 to 92 seconds (for example for between 1.7 and 2.3ml of fluid having a viscosity between 1 to 15cp) and/or between 70 to 150 seconds (for example for 2.0 to 2.5 ml of fluid having a viscosity of between 15 and 70cp) and/or between 120 seconds and 3 minutes for larger volumes and/or viscosities. In some embodiments, injection times may be longer. The length of the injection time may be determined by considerations other than viscosity and/or volume.

In some embodiments, the reservoir may have a length ranging for example between 20 and 72 and/or 72 and 78 mm and/or 78 and 80 mm and/or 80 and 200 mm. In some embodiments an internal cylindrical space of a reservoir may have an average width ranging for example between 1 and 3 mm and/or 3 and 10 and/or 10 and 15 mm and/or 15 and 25 mm and/or 25 and 50 mm. Optionally a reservoir may have a circular cross section such that width is the diameter of the circle. In some embodiments, an extension may have a straight end portion with a length ranging for example between 1 and 3 mm or 3 and 7 mm or 7 and 8 or 8 and 10mm or 10 and 15 mm or 15 and 50 mm. In some embodiments, the exposed straight portion of a needle may have a length ranging for example between 1 and 5 mm or 5 and 7 mm or 7 and 10 mm or 10 and 20 mm.

It is expected that during the life of a patent maturing from this application many relevant technologies and/or materials will be developed and the scope of the terms are intended to include all such new technologies and materials a priori. As used herein the terms "about", "approximately" and "substantially" refer to + 5 %

The terms "comprises", "comprising", "includes", "including", "having" and their conjugates mean "including but not limited to".

The term "consisting of means "including and limited to".

The term "consisting essentially of means that the composition, method or structure may include additional ingredients, steps and/or parts, but only if the additional ingredients, steps and/or parts do not materially alter the basic and novel characteristics of the claimed composition, method or structure.

As used herein, the singular form "a", "an" and "the" include plural references unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. For example, the term "a compound" or "at least one compound" may include a plurality of compounds, including mixtures thereof.

Throughout this application, various embodiments of this invention may be presented in a range format. It should be understood that the description in range format is merely for convenience and brevity and should not be construed as an inflexible limitation on the scope of the invention. Accordingly, the description of a range should be considered to have specifically disclosed all the possible subranges as well as individual numerical values within that range. For example, description of a range such as from 1 to 6 should be considered to have specifically disclosed subranges such as from 1 to 3, from 1 to 7, from 1 to 5, from 2 to 7, from 2 to 6, from 3 to 6 etc., as well as individual numbers within that range, for example, 1, 2, 3, 7, 5, and 6. This applies regardless of the breadth of the range.

Whenever a numerical range is indicated herein, it is meant to include any cited numeral (fractional or integral) within the indicated range. The phrases "ranging/ranges between" a first indicate number and a second indicate number and "ranging/ranges from" a first indicate number "to" a second indicate number are used herein interchangeably and are meant to include the first and second indicated numbers and all the fractional and integral numerals therebetween.

It is appreciated that certain features of the invention, which are, for clarity, described in the context of separate embodiments, may also be provided in combination in a single embodiment. Conversely, various features of the invention, which are, for brevity, described in the context of a single embodiment, may also be provided separately or in any suitable subcombination or as suitable in any other described embodiment of the invention. Certain features described in the context of various embodiments are not to be considered essential features of those embodiments, unless the embodiment is inoperative without those interference elements.

Although the invention has been described in conjunction with specific embodiments thereof, it is evident that many alternatives, modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Accordingly, it is intended to embrace all such alternatives, modifications and variations that fall within the spirit and broad scope of the appended claims.

All publications, patents and patent applications mentioned in this specification are herein incorporated in their entirety by reference into the specification, to the same extent as if each individual publication, patent or patent application was specifically and individually indicated to be incorporated herein by reference. In addition, citation or identification of any reference in this application shall not be construed as an admission that such reference is available as prior art to the present invention. To the extent that section headings are used, they should not be construed as necessarily limiting.