Field of the invention

The present invention is in the field of antiperspirant compositions.

Background of the invention

The present invention relates to compositions that contain antiperspirant actives. These actives are added to compositions to reduce perspiration upon topical application of the compositions to the body, particularly to the underarm regions of the human body viz. the axilla, and sometimes even on the upper part of the body near the chest.

Usually, conventional antiperspirant actives are salts of certain metals having an astringent effect, such as the salts of aluminium and/or zirconium. Since antiperspirants are used regularly, and have been used for decades, there is an ever-increasing need to develop alternative antiperspirant actives which are equally efficacious.

US 4264586A1 (Lever Brothers Company) discloses spray antiperspirant based on 15% aluminium chlorhydrate, 1% cetyl alcohol, tween 80(1.0 wt%) and span 80 (2.4 wt%) and less than 50 wt% water (examples 2,10); or on 4% aluminium chlorhydrate, 3% cetyl alcohol, tween 20 (1 wt%) and span 20(2.4 wt%) and less than 50 wt% water (examples 4). It uses conventional antiperspirant active which comprises aluminium.

US 20080241089A1 discloses antiperspirant composition comprising emulsifiers with an HLB value of more than 7, emulsifiers with an HLB vaue of 1 to less than 7, at least one oil and less than 50 wt% water. It includes a conventional antiperspirant active.

Summary of the invention

The present inventors have surprisingly observed that the combination of certain amount of hydrophobic sorbitan ester having HLB value between 1 and 7.0, and hydrophilic sorbitan ester having HLB value between 7.0 and 20 can be stable with the presence of a specific organic compound within certain range of weight ratio in a composition with the low amount of water. In addition to being stable, such combination is capable of forming aggregation/agglomeration when they contact with aqueous saline media, which is equivalent to perspiration or sweat, thereby is capable of preventing sweat from rapidly being released. In this manner, such combination behaves much like conventional antiperspirants.

In accordance with a first aspect is disclosed an antiperspirant composition comprising:

(i) at least one hydrophobic sorbitan ester having HLB value between 1 and 7.0;

(ii) at least one hydrophilic sorbitan ester having HLB value between 7.0 and 20; and

(iii) at least one organic compound selected from C7-C24 fatty acid, or C7- C24 fatty alcohol; and

(iv) a cosmetically acceptable carrier; wherein said composition comprises less than 50% of water; wherein said composition comprises at least 2% said hydrophobic sorbitan ester by weight of the composition; wherein the weight ratio of organic compound to the combination of the hydrophobic sorbitan ester and the hydrophilic sorbitan ester is from 1 :10 to 5:1; wherein the composition is free from antiperspirant active which comprises aluminium or zirconium. In accordance with a second aspect is disclosed a method of reducing perspiration comprising a step of topical application of the composition of the first aspect on to the desired skin surface.

In accordance with a third aspect is disclosed use of the composition of the first aspect for reduction of bodily perspiration.

All other aspects of the present invention will more readily become apparent upon considering the detailed description and examples which follow. Except in the examples, or where otherwise explicitly indicated, all numbers in this description indicating amounts of material or conditions of reaction, physical properties of materials and/or use may optionally be understood as modified by the word “about”. All amounts are by weight of the antiperspirant composition, unless otherwise specified.

It should be noted that in specifying any ranges of values, any particular upper value can be associated with any particular lower value.

For the avoidance of doubt, the word “comprising” is intended to mean “including” but not necessarily “consisting of” or “composed of”. In other words, the listed steps or options need not be exhaustive. The disclosure of the invention as found herein is to be considered to cover all embodiments as found in the claims as being multiply dependent upon each other irrespective of the fact that claims may be found without multiple dependency or redundancy. Where a feature is disclosed with respect to a particular aspect of the invention (for example a composition of the invention), such disclosure is also to be considered to apply to any other aspect of the invention (for example a method of the invention) mutatis mutandis. Detailed description of the invention

By “An antiperspirant Composition” as used herein, is meant to include a composition for topical application to the skin of mammals, especially humans. Such a composition is preferably of the leave-on type. By a leave-on composition is meant a composition that is applied to the desired skin surface and left on for one minute to 24 hours after which it may be wiped or rinsed off with water, usually during the regular course of personal washing. The composition may also be formulated into a product which is applied to a human body for improving the appearance, cleansing, odor control or general aesthetics. The composition of the present invention can be in the form of a liquid, lotion, cream, gel or stick form and may be delivered through a roll-on device or using an aerosol can which contains a propellant. “Skin” as used herein is meant to include skin on any part of the body (e.g., neck, chest, back, arms, underarms, hands, legs, buttocks and scalp) especially the underarms. HLB value

“HLB value” refers to a value defining the affinity of a surfactant for water or oil. HLB numbers are calculated for nonionic surfactants, and these surfactants have numbers ranging from 0-20.

Sorbitan ester

Sorbitan ester in accordance with the present invention include sorbitan ester and its derivatives. Sorbitan ester are formed from 1,4-anhydro-sorbitol and fatty acids. Its derivatives preferably are ethoxylated derivatives of sorbitan ester, more preferably polyoxyethylene derivatives of sorbitan ester.

Antiperspirant compositions in accordance with this invention comprise at least one hydrophobic sorbitan ester having HLB value between 1 and 7.0.

It is preferred that the hydrophobic sorbitan ester is selected from sorbitan oleate, sorbitan sesquioleate, sorbitan trioleate, sorbitan isostearate, sorbitan tristearate, sorbitan stearate, and sorbitan palmitate. It is more preferred that the hydrophobic sorbitan ester is selected from sorbitan oleate and sorbitan isostearate. It is most preferred that the hydrophobic sorbitan ester is sorbitan oleate.

Antiperspirant compositions in accordance with this invention comprises at least 2 wt%, preferably from 2 to 80 wt%, and more preferably from 5 to 40 wt%, and furthermore preferably from 5 to 20 wt% the hydrophobic sorbitan ester, based on total weight of the composition.

Antiperspirant composition in accordance with this invention comprises at least one hydrophilic sorbitan ester having HLB value between 7.0 and 20. It is preferred that the hydrophilic sorbitan ester is selected from sorbitan laurate, polysorbate 20, polysorbate 21, PEG-80 sorbitan laurate, polysorbate 40, polysorbate 60, polysorbate 61, polysorbate 65, polysorbate 80, polysorbate 81, and polysorbate 85. It is more preferred that the hydrophilic sorbitan ester is sorbitan laurate, polysorbate 20, polysorbate 21, PEG-80 sorbitan laurate, polysorbate 80, polysorbate 81. It is most preferred that the hydrophilic sorbitan ester is polysorbate 80.

Antiperspirant composition in accordance with this invention preferably comprises from 2 to 80 wt%, and more preferably from 5 to 40 wt%, and furthermore preferably from 5 to 20 wt% the hydrophilic sorbitan ester, based on total weight of the composition.

It is preferred that the composition in accordance with this invention comprises the hydrophobic sorbitan ester and the hydrophilic sorbitan ester in a weight ratio of from 1:10 to 10:1, preferably from 1:5 to 5:1, and most preferably from 1:3 to 3:1.

Organic compound

Antiperspirant composition in accordance with this invention additionally comprises at least one organic compound selected from C7-C24 fatty acid, or C7-C24 fatty alcohol. When the organic compound is a C7-C24 fatty acid, it is preferred to be selected from oleic acid, linoleic acid, ricinoleic acid, isostearic acid, palmitoleic acid, arachidonic acid, timnodonic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, octanoic acid, vaccenic acid, erucic acid. When the organic compound is a C7-C24 fatty alcohol, it is preferred to be selected from oleyl alcohol, isostearyl alcohol and lanolin alcohol, heptanol, octanol, decanol, nonanol.

It is preferred that the antiperspirant compositions in accordance with this invention comprises from 5 to 90 wt%, more preferably from 20 to 80 wt%, furthermore preferably from 40 to 80 wt% of the organic compound, based on total weight of the composition.

The weight ratio of organic compound to the combination of the hydrophobic sorbitan ester and the hydrophilic sorbitan ester is 1:10 to 5:1, preferred to be from 1:5 to 5:1, and more preferred to be from 1 :3 to 3:1.

Without wishing to be bound by theory it is believed that the combination of the hydrophobic sorbitan ester and the hydrophilic sorbitan ester with the presence of a specific organic compound of the present invention can be stable in the composition with low amount of water. In addition to being stable, such combination is capable of forming aggregation/agglomeration when they contact with aqueous saline media, which is equivalent to perspiration or sweat, thereby is capable of preventing sweat from rapidly being released.

Antiperspirant compositions in accordance with this invention may advantageously comprise an additional antiperspirant active. However, the composition of the present invention is free from antiperspirant active which comprises aluminium or zirconium. And the composition of the present invention is preferably free from antiperspirant active which is zinc based.

Antiperspirant active which comprises aluminium or zirconium is preferably selected from aluminium/zirconium halides and halohydrate salts, aluminum-zirconium tetrachlorohydrex glycine complex, aluminum-zirconium octachlorohydrex glycine complex, aluminum-zirconium pentachlorohydrate, aluminum sesquichlorohydrate or mixtures thereof, more preferably aluminum sesquichlorohydrate or aluminium chlorohydrates. Antiperspirant active which comprises aluminium or zirconium can also be complexes based on the above-mentioned astringent aluminium and/or zirconium salts and the complex often employs a compound with a carboxylate group, and advantageously this is an amino acid.

Zinc based antiperspirant active is preferably selected from zinc oxide, zinc hydroxide, zinc hydroxide ions with counter ions, and zinc ions with counter ions. Counter ions may include halides and amino acid salt.

Non-aluminum and non-zirconium, non-zinc antiperspirant actives may be present to augment or supplement the antiperspirant activity of the non-thermoplastic polymeric material as disclosed. Non- aluminum or zirconium, or non-zinc antiperspirant active is preferably selected from glycerol monolaurate plus isostearyl alcohol, chitosan or a salt thereof with a weight average molecular weight of from 250 to 650 kDa, titanium compound chelated by alkanolamine with an acid and a polyhydric alcohol, or cholic acid derivative selected from a hydroxycholic acid or a salt thereof with a multivalent metal salt.

More preferably, the composition of the present invention is free from metal based antiperspirant active. The metal includes aluminum, zirconium, zinc, titanium, copper, gallium, tin, Indium, hafnium, vanadium, cobalt. pH of compositions It is preferred that pH of the antiperspirant composition of the present invention is preferably from 2 to 9, more preferably 3 to 7.

Other ingredients Other components commonly included in conventional antiperspirant compositions may also be incorporated in the compositions of the present invention. Such components include skin care agents such as emollients, humectants and skin barrier promoters; skin appearance modifiers such as skin lightening agents and skin smoothing agents; anti microbial agents, in particular organic anti-microbial agents, and preservatives.

The antiperspirant compositions of the invention are applied cosmetically and topically to the skin, broadly speaking, by one of two methods. Different consumers prefer one method or the other. In one method, sometimes called a contact method, the composition is wiped across the surface of the skin, depositing a fraction of the composition as it passes. In the second method, sometimes called the non-contact method, the composition is sprayed from a dispenser held proximate to the skin, often in an area of about 10 to 20 cm ² . The spray can be developed by mechanical means of generating pressure on the contents of a dispenser, such as a pump or a squeezable sidewall or by internally generated pressure arising from a fraction of a liquefied propellant volatilizing, the dispenser commonly being called an aerosol.

There are broadly speaking two classes of contact compositions, one of which is liquid and usually applied using a roll-on dispenser or possibly absorbed into or onto a wipe, and in the second of which the antiperspirant active is distributed within a carrier liquid that forms a continuous phase that has been gelled. In one variation, the carrier fluid comprises a solvent for the antiperspirant and in a second variation, the antiperspirant remains a particulate solid that is suspended in an oil, usually a blend of oils.

The composition of the invention comprises cosmetically acceptable carrier. The composition in accordance with this invention comprises less than 50% of water, preferably not higher than 40% of water, more preferably less than 35%, furthermore preferably less than 30% by weight of the composition.

It is preferred that the weight ratio of the amount of the combination of the hydrophobic sorbitan ester and the hydrophilic sorbitan ester, and the amount of water is higher than 1. It is preferred that the composition of the invention is in the form of lotion, spray, firm solid, soft solid, cream, or is an emulsion packaged in a roll-on applicator.

It is preferred that, when said composition is a spray it comprises a propellant and the composition is in the form of an aerosol.

Stick compositions

In one aspect, the antiperspirant composition of the invention is a stick composition.

Antiperspirant sticks can be formulated as clear (i.e., translucent or transparent) or opaque compositions. Translucent or transparent sticks go on clear and, depending upon their formulation, may remain clear for extended periods of time, reducing the consumer perceived negative of "white marks" associated with deposition of antiperspirant active. Many different materials have been proposed as gellants for a continuous oil phase, including waxes, small molecule gelling agents and polymers. They each have their advantages and of them, one of the most popular class of gellants is waxes, partly at least due to their ready availability and ease of processing, including in particular linear fatty alcohol wax gellants. A gelled antiperspirant composition is applied topically to skin by wiping it across and in contact with the skin, thereby depositing on the skin a thin film. The nature of the film depends to a significant extent on the gellant that is employed. Although wax fatty alcohols have been employed as gellants for many years, and are effective for the purpose of gelling, the resultant product is rather ineffective at improving the visual appearance of skin, and in particular underarm skin, to which the composition has been applied. This problem has been solved by including ameliorating materials for example, di or polyhydric humectants and/or a triglyceride oil.

Stick compositions are usually available in the form of a firm solid or a soft solid. Firm solids, as the name indicates, are harder and can be directly applied by way of an applicator, for example, to the underarms. Soft solids also need an applicator which is similar to the firm solids, the difference being that the soft solids are softer and the applicator needs to be designed in order to permit extrusion of the solids through a cap member comprising plurality of orifices and the extruded composition can then be applied to the underarms.

Roll-on

Liquid compositions that are applicable from a roll-on broadly speaking can be divided into two classes, namely those in which an antiperspirant active is suspended in a hydrophobic carrier, such as a volatile silicone and those in which the antiperspirant active is dissolved in a carrier liquid. The latter has proven to be more popular. There are mainly two sorts of dissolving carrier liquid, namely carriers that are predominantly alcoholic, which is to say the greater part of the dissolving carrier fluid comprises ethanol and the second class in which the carrier liquid is mainly water. The former was very popular because ethanol is a mild bactericide in its own right, but its popularity waned because it stings, especially if the surface onto which the composition has been applied has been damaged or cut, such as can easily arise during shaving or other depilatory actions. Alternatively, the composition of the invention is a liquid composition, that can be dispensed from a roll-on package. Broadly speaking such compositions could be divided into two classes, namely those in which an antiperspirant active is suspended in a hydrophobic carrier, such as a volatile silicone and those in which the antiperspirant active is dissolved in a carrier liquid, such as glycerin and propylene glycol. The second class of formulations that is an alternative to alcoholic formulations comprise a dispersion of water-insoluble or very poorly water-soluble ingredients in an aqueous solution of the antiperspirant. Herein, such compositions will be called emulsions. Antiperspirant roll-on emulsions commonly comprise one or more emulsifiers to maintain a distribution of the water-soluble ingredients.

Aerosol compositions

Further alternatively, the antiperspirant composition of the invention is delivered through an aerosol composition which comprises a propellant in addition to the applicable other ingredients described hereinabove. Commonly, the propellant is employed in a weight ratio to the base formulation of from 95:5 to 5:95. Depending on the propellant, in such aerosol compositions the ratio of propellant to base formulation is normally at least 20:80, generally at least 30:70, particularly at least 40:60, and in many formulations, the weight ratio is from 90:10 to 50:50. A ratio range of from 70:30 to 90:10 is sometimes preferred.

Propellants herein generally are one of three classes; (i) low boiling-point gasses liquified by compression, (ii) volatile ethers and (iii) compressed non-oxidising gases. Class (i) is conveniently a low boiling-point material, typically boiling below -5°C, and often below -15°C, and in particular, alkanes and/or halogenated hydrocarbons. This class of propellant is usually liquefied at the pressure in the aerosol canister and evaporates to generate the pressure to expel the composition out of the canister. Examples of suitable alkanes include particularly propane, butane or isobutane. The class (ii) of propellant comprises a very volatile ether of which the most widely employed ether hitherto is dimethyl ether. This propellant can advantageously be employed at relatively low weight ratio of propellant to base formulation, for example to as low as 5:95. It can also be employed in admixture with, for example, compressible/liquefiable alkane gasses. The class (iii) of propellant comprises compressed non-oxidising gasses, and in particular carbon dioxide or nitrogen. Inert gases like neon are a theoretical alternative. The composition of the invention comprises a topically acceptable carrier. When the composition of the invention is in the form of a roll-on, a cream, a spray, or a firm solid or a soft solid, the topically acceptable carrier comprises an anhydrous carrier or an aqueous carrier. The anhydrous carrier in such cases may comprise a silicone compound, low boiling alcohol or a wax. When the composition comprises a propellant, it is delivered as an aerosol.

The composition of the present invention can comprise a wide range of other optional components. The CTFA Personal Care Ingredient Handbook, Second Edition, 1992, which is incorporated by reference herein in its entirety, describes a wide variety of non limiting personal care and pharmaceutical ingredients commonly used in the skin care industry, which are suitable for use in the compositions of the present invention. Examples include: antioxidants, binders, biological additives, buffering agents, colorants, thickeners, polymers, astringents, fragrance, conditioners, exfoliating agents, pH adjusters, other than the ones already discussed earlier, preservatives, natural extracts, essential oils, skin sensates, skin soothing agents, and skin healing agents.

A preservative is a preferred additional component in compositions of the invention. A preservative serves to reduce or eliminate microbial contamination of compositions of the invention. Preservatives are typically employed at a total level of from 0.05 to 3%, preferably at from 0.1 to 2% and most preferably at from 0.4 to 1%.

Suitable preservatives for use with the present invention include 2-phenoxyethanol, polylysine, iodopropynyl butylcarbamate, C1-C3 alkyl parabens, sodium benzoate, caprylyl glycol and EDTA. Particularly preferred preservatives are 2-phenoxyethanol, iodopropynyl butylcarbamate, sodium benzoate, caprylyl glycol and EDTA and especially preferred are 2-phenoxyethanol and iodopropynyl butylcarbamate.

A preferred additional component of compositions of the invention is a fragrance. Suitable materials include conventional perfumes, such as perfume oils and also include so-called deo-perfumes, as described in EP 545,556 and other publications. Levels of incorporation are preferably up to 4% by weight, particularly from 0.1% to 2% by weight, and especially from 0.7% to 1.7% by weight. An antimicrobial deodorant active is a preferred an additional component in compositions of the invention. Such components serve to reduce or eliminate body odour by reducing or otherwise impeding the function of microbes on the skin of the body responsible for malodour generation.

The antimicrobial deodorant active may also be a preservative for the composition.

When employed, the anti-microbial deodorant agent is typically incorporated into the composition at from 0.01% to 3% and particularly at from 0.03% to 0.5%.

Preferred anti-microbial deodorant agents have a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 1 mg. ml ¹ or less, particularly 200 mg.ml ¹ or less, and especially 100 mg.ml ¹ or less. The MIC of an anti-microbial agent is the minimum concentration of the agent required to significantly inhibit microbial growth. Inhibition is considered “significant” if an 80% or greater reduction in the growth of an inoculum of Staphylococcus epidermidis is observed, relative to a control medium without an anti-microbial agent, over a period of 16 to 24 hours at 37°C. Details of suitable methods for determining MICs can be found in “Antimicrobial Agents and Susceptibility Testing”, C.Thornsberry, (in “Manual of Clinical Microbiology”, 5 ^th Edition, Ed. A. Balows etal, American Society for Microbiology, Washington D.C., 1991). A particularly suitable method is the Macrobroth Dilution Method as described in Chapter 110 of above publication (pp. 1101-1111) by D. F. Sahm and J. A. Washington II. MICs of anti-microbials suitable for inclusion in the compositions of the invention are triclosan: 0.01-10 mg. ml ¹ (J.Regos etal., Dermatologica (1979), 158: 72-79) and farnesol: ca. 25 mg.ml ¹ (K. Sawano, T. Sato, and R. Hattori, Proceedings of the 17 ^th IFSCC International Conference, Yokahama (1992) p.210-232). By contrast ethanol and similar alkanols have MICs of greater than 1 mg. ml ¹ .

Suitable organic anti-microbials are bactericides, for example quaternary ammonium compounds, like cetyltrimethylammonium salts; chlorhexidine and salts thereof; and diglycerol monocaprate, diglycerol monolaurate, glycerol monolaurate, and similar materials, as described in “Deodorant Ingredients”, S.A.Makin and M.R. Lowry, in “Antiperspirants and Deodorants”, Ed. K. Laden (1999, Marcel Dekker, New York). More preferred anti-microbials for use in the compositions of the invention are polyhexamethylene biguanide salts (also known as polyaminopropyl biguanide salts), an example being Cosmocil CQ™ available from Zeneca PLC, preferably used at up to 1% and more preferably at 0.03% to 0.3% by weight; 2', 4, 4'-trichloro, 2-hydroxy-diphenyl ether (triclosan), preferably used at up to 1% by weight of the composition and more preferably at 0.05-0.3%; and 3,7,11-trimethyldodeca-2,6,10-trienol (farnesol), preferably used at up to 1% by weight of the composition and more preferably at up to 0.5%.

Other suitable organic antimicrobial agents are transition metal chelators, as described in W001/52805, for example. Transitional metal chelators having a binding coefficient for iron(lll) of greater than 10 ²⁶ , for example diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid and salts thereof are preferred.

Method and Use The present invention also provides for a method of reducing perspiration comprising a step of topical application of the composition of the first aspect. Preferably, the present invention provides for a method wherein the composition of the first aspect is applied on the underarms. The present invention also provides for a method wherein topical application of the composition of the first aspect reduces perspiration from the surface of the human body. The method in accordance with the invention is preferably non- therapeutic. By non-therapeutic is meant that the method is cosmetic in nature.

The invention also provides for use of the composition of the first aspect for reduction of bodily perspiration. The use in accordance with the invention is preferably non- therapeutic in nature, more preferably cosmetic in nature.

The invention will now be demonstrated with the help of the following non-limiting examples.

Examples

Materials listed in Table -1 were put through some tests as detailed hereinafter.

Table -1

Example 1 This example demonstrated the composition comprises the combination of hydrophobic sorbitan ester and hydrophilic sorbitan ester with the presence of the specific organic compound of the present invention is capable of forming aggregation/agglomeration when they contact with aqueous saline media. All ingredients are expressed by weight percent of the total formulation, and as level of active ingredient.

The compositions indicated in Table -2 were prepared.

Table -2

The composition of model ionic sweat (pH 6.9) is as given below in Table -3:

Table -3

Testing On A Narrow Capillary Apparatus An experiment was arranged using the device as disclosed in the International Application WO2018099931 A1 (Unilever).

The device has a 20X20 p channel. Before use, the channel was filled with model ionic sweat. The surface tension of the model ionic sweat is strong and prevents its flowing in the capillary. 20 pi of concerned composition in Table-2, was placed at one end of the channel. When the composition contacts with the model ionic sweat, the composition of the present invention is believed to turn into something like an aggregation/agglomeration. This phenomenon simulates the manner in which an antiperspirant active agent forms aggregation/agglomeration thereby provides antiperspirant benefit in the underarm region.

The whole process was monitored under optical microscope (Leica™ DM 2500P).

The data on the aggregation/agglomeration formation of the compositions at the end of the channel after 15 minutes is summarized in Table -4 below:

Table-4

The data in Table -4 above indicates that compositions as per the invention (Samples 1 to 6) can form an aggregation/agglomeration at the end of the 20X20 pm channel when it contacts with the model ionic sweat, which further indicates its ability to form aggregation/agglomeration when used in an antiperspirant composition, while the composition outside of the scope of the present invention (Samples A to C) does not exhibit such efficacy. The weight ratio of the organic compound to the the combination of the hydrophobic sorbitan ester and the hydrophilic sorbitan ester in the samples 1-6 is 1:3.

Example 2

This example demonstrated the impact of the weight ratio of the organic compound to the combination of the hydrophobic sorbitan ester and the hydrophilic sorbitan ester on the capability of forming aggregation/agglomeration when they contact with aqueous saline media. All ingredients are expressed by weight percent of the total formulation, and as level of active ingredient. The compositions indicated in Table -5 were prepared.

Table -5

Testing On A Narrow Capillary Apparatus Same method was applied as disclosed in Example 1.

The data on the aggregation/agglomeration formation of the compositions at the end of the channel after 15 minutes is summarized in Table -6 below: Table-6

The data in Table -6 above indicates that compositions as per the invention (Sample 7) can form an aggregation/agglomeration at the end of the 20X20 pm channel when it contacts with the model ionic sweat, which further indicates its ability to form aggregation/agglomeration when used in an antiperspirant composition, while the composition outside of the scope of the present invention (Samples D) does not exhibit such efficacy.