APPARATUS FOR CONNECTING AND SUBSEQUENT DISCONNECTION OF PIPES

Field of the invention

The present invention relates to an apparatus for connecting and subsequent disconnection of pipes, particularly but not exclusively for connecting and disconnecting subsea pipes, a method of connecting pipes and a method of disconnecting pipes.

Other aspects of the invention will become apparent from a reading of the present application.

Background to the invention

Subsea pipe systems for transporting oil and gas and water & associated fluids are typically formed from a number of pipes connected together by several pipe connecting apparatuses. Such pipe systems are typically connected using subsea divers. Flowever, it can be expensive and time consuming to use divers to assist in the installation of such systems, therefore it would be desirable to provide an apparatus for connection and subsequent disconnection of subsea pipes that could be used without the presence of divers (i.e., in a diver-less system)

Furthermore, the components of existing subsea pipe systems, such as the pipes, pipe connecting apparatuses and pipe support members are often not designed to be recoverable and/or re-usable. As it is often necessary to decommission a subsea pipe system and to install a new subsea pipe system in a new location, it would be desirable to provide an apparatus for connecting and disconnecting pipes that is designed to allow the apparatus and the components of the subsea pipe system to be reused.

The inventor has appreciated the shortcomings in known apparatus for connecting and disconnecting pipes, and methods of using such apparatuses.

According to a first aspect of the present invention there is provided an apparatus for connecting subsea pipes, the apparatus comprising: a base member for receiving sections of pipes to be connected, wherein the base member is configured to permit movement of the pipes between a first pipe section receiving position, and a second pipe section connecting position, and wherein the base member comprises a pipe section connection device;

and

a device for moving the sections of pipes relative to the base member.

The term pipe section used herein refers to the pipe sections to be connected, or sections of pipes to be connected.

The apparatus may be for connecting onshore, or land-based pipes.

The device may be operable to operate the pipe section connection device.

The apparatus may be for disconnecting subsea pipes. The apparatus may be for connecting or disconnecting subsea pipes. The apparatus may be operable to connect or disconnect subsea pipes. The apparatus may be operable to assemble or disassemble a subsea pipe system or a land-based pipe system. The apparatus may be operable to install base members and pipes on the sea floor or the ground. The apparatus may be operable to retrieve base members and pipes from the sea floor or the ground. The apparatus may be a submersible apparatus. The apparatus may be configured for use with onshore, land, or other pipes.

The base member and the device may be independently movable. The base member and the device may be moveable separately from one another. The base member may be a modular base member. The device may be independently operable. The device may be a modular device. The apparatus may be a modular apparatus. That is, the apparatus may comprise a separate base member and a separate device.

The apparatus may be configured for use with a remotely operated vehicle (ROV). The apparatus may be configured for use with a lifting apparatus. The lifting apparatus may be land-based or vessel based. The lifting apparatus may be a crane, or the like. The ROV may be a submersible vehicle. The apparatus may be movable by the ROV and/or the lifting apparatus. The apparatus may by the movable by the ROV and/or the lifting apparatus along the x-axis of the apparatus. The apparatus may be movable by the ROV and/or the lifting apparatus along the y-axis of the apparatus. The apparatus may be movable by the ROV and/or the lifting apparatus along the z-axis of the apparatus. The base member, the device, and/or the pipes may be movable by the ROV and/or the lifting apparatus. The base member, the device, and/or the pipes may be movable by the lifting apparatus. The base member may be configured to be mountable to the ROV. The base member may be configured to be engageable with the ROV. The device may be configured to be mountable to the ROV and/or the lifting apparatus. The device may be configured to be engageable with the ROV and/or the lifting apparatus. The base member may comprise one or more coupling members for coupling the base member to the lifting apparatus and/or the ROV. The device may comprise one or more coupling members for coupling the device to the lifting apparatus and/or the ROV. The base member and/or the device may be engageable with the lifting apparatus. The coupling members may be one or more padeyes, hooks, apertures, holes, or the like.

The device may be a remotely operated device. The device may be connectable to the ROV. The device may comprise propulsion means for moving the device in a subsea environment. The device may be independently movable.

The pipe section connection device may be operated by the ROV and/or by the device.

The apparatus may be operable to align subsea pipes, or sections thereof, together. The apparatus may be operable to connect, clamp, secure, fix and/or seal subsea pipes, or sections thereof, together.

The apparatus may comprise one or more base members. The apparatus may comprise a plurality of base members. Each base member being configured to receive sections of pipes to be connected and permit movement of the pipes between the first pipe section receiving position and the second pipe section connecting position. The apparatus may comprise one or more devices. Each device being configured to move the sections of pipes relative to the base member and to operate the pipe section connection device.

The apparatus may comprise a horizontal x-axis, a vertical y-axis and a horizontal z-axis. The x-axis, y-axis and z-axis may form a Cartesian coordinate system. The base member may comprise a longitudinal axis. The longitudinal axis of the base member may define the x-axis of the apparatus.

The base member may comprise a lateral axis. The lateral axis of the base member may define the z-axis of the apparatus. The lateral axis of the base member may be perpendicular to the longitudinal axis thereof.

The base member may comprise a planar base. The lateral axis and the longitudinal axis of the base member may define the planar base. The apparatus may comprise an x-z plane defined by the x-axis and the z-axis of the apparatus. The x-z plane may be a horizontal plane. The planar base may define the x-z plane of the apparatus.

The longitudinal and lateral axes of the base member may be horizontal axes. The base member may comprise a vertical axis arranged to be perpendicular to the longitudinal and lateral axes of the base member. The vertical axis of the base member may define the y-axis of the apparatus. The longitudinal, lateral and vertical axes of the base member may form a Cartesian coordinate system.

The device may comprise a longitudinal axis. The device may comprise a lateral axis. The device may comprise a vertical axis. The longitudinal, lateral, and vertical axes of the device may form a Cartesian coordinate system.

The apparatus may be configured to connect two sections of pipe together. The base member may be configured to receive two sections of pipe to be connected. The apparatus may be configured to connect two or more sections of pipe together. The base member may be configured to receive two or more sections of pipe to be connected. The two or more sections of pipe to be connected may be arranged to be substantially adjacent to each other. The two or more sections of pipe to be connected may be arranged to be parallel. The two or more sections of pipe to be connected may be spaced apart along their lateral axes. The two or more sections of pipe to be connected may be arranged in a bundle, and/or twin arrangement. Each pipe section may comprise a longitudinal axis, a lateral axis and a vertical axis. Each pipe section may comprise a horizontal x-axis, a vertical y-axis and a horizontal z-axis. The longitudinal, lateral and vertical axes of each pipe section may form a Cartesian coordinate system.

The base member may be configured to permit movement of each pipe section in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the pipe section. The base member may be configured to prevent or restrict movement of each pipe section in the direction of the lateral axis of the pipe section. The base member and the device may be configured to prevent movement of each pipe section in the direction of the vertical axis of the pipe section. The base member and the device may be configured to prevent movement of each pipe section in the direction of the lateral axis of the pipe section. The base member may be configured to permit movement of each pipe section in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the pipe section, and/or to prevent or restrict movement of each pipe section in the direction of the lateral axis, and/or vertical axis of the pipe section.

The device may be operable to move each pipe section in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the pipe section relative to the base member. The device may be operable to move each pipe section in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the pipe section relative to the base member, and the base member and the device may be operable to restrict movement of the pipe section in the direction of the lateral and vertical axes of the pipe section.

Each pipe section to be connected may comprise an axis of movement. The axis of movement of each of the pipe sections may be the longitudinal axis thereof.

The pipes and/or the pipe sections may be cylindrical members. The pipes and/or the pipe sections may be elongate longitudinal members. The pipes and/or the pipe sections may be rigid members. The pipes and/or the pipe sections may be flexible members. The pipe sections may be substantially identical. The pipe end members may be substantially identical. The pipe sections may comprise at least one flexible, or resilient section and at least one rigid section.

At least a part of the, or each, pipe section may be made from a metallic, plastic, or composite material. At least a part of the, or each, pipe section may be made from a resilient material, or an elastic material. Each of the pipe sections may comprise one or more pipe segments.

The pipe segments may be connectable to each other. In this arrangement, each pipe section is formed by two or more pipe segments connected together, and each pipe section is subsequently connectable to another pipe section by using the apparatus.

The pipe sections to be connected may comprise a first pipe segment. The pipe sections to be connected may comprise a second pipe segment. The first pipe segment may be connectable to the second pipe segment.

The pipe sections to be connected may comprise a third pipe segment. The second pipe segment may be connectable to the third pipe segment.

At least one of the pipe segments may be a rigid member. The first pipe segment may be a rigid member. The second pipe segment may be a rigid member. The third pipe segment may be a rigid member. At least one of the pipe segments may be flexible, or elastic members. The first pipe segment may be a flexible, or elastic member. The second pipe segment may be a flexible, or elastic member. The third pipe segment may be a flexible, or elastic member. At least one of the pipe segments may be rigid members and at least one of the pipe segments may be flexible, or elastic members.

The, or each, pipe segment may have a longitudinal axis. The pipe segments may be arranged such that their longitudinal axes are collinear. The first and second pipe segments may be arranged such that their longitudinal axes are collinear. The second and third pipe segments may be arranged such that their longitudinal axes are collinear.

The apparatus may be configured to connect sections of pipes together in a twin lay and/or a bundle lay arrangement.

The first pipe segment of each pipe section may be locatable substantially adjacent to the second pipe segments of each pipe section. The second pipe segment of each pipe section may be locatable substantially adjacent to the third pipe segments of each pipe section. The second pipe segment of each pipe section may be locatable between the first and third pipe segments of each pipe section. The first pipe segment may be locatable substantially adjacent to the second pipe segment, and the second pipe segment may be locatable substantially adjacent to the third pipe segment.

The first pipe segment may be the main pipe segment. That is, the first pipe segment may form a substantial portion of each pipe. In this arrangement, the first pipe segment is common to both pipe sections of an individual, continuous pipe.

The longitudinal axes of the pipe segments may be arranged to be collinear with the longitudinal axis of the pipe sections. The longitudinal axis of the first pipe segment may be collinear with the longitudinal axis of the pipe sections. The longitudinal axis of the second pipe segment may be collinear with the longitudinal axis of the pipe sections. The longitudinal axis of the third pipe segment may be collinear with the longitudinal axis of the pipe sections.

Each pipe section to be connected may comprise a pipe gripping portion. The pipe gripping portion may be configured to allow the pipe section to be moved by the device. The pipe gripping portion may be configured to be operable with the device for moving the section of pipes. The pipe gripping portion may be located on a wall of the pipe section. The pipe gripping portion may be located on an outer wall of the pipe section. The pipe gripping portion may be located on at least one of the pipe segments. The second pipe segment may comprise the pipe gripping portion. The pipe gripping portion may be locatable towards an end portion of the pipe.

The, or each, pipe gripping portion may comprise one or more gripping members. The, or each, pipe gripping portion may comprise a plurality of gripping members. The pipe gripping portion may comprise first and second gripping members. The gripping members may be separated by a gap therebetween. The gripping members may be spaced from one another, such that a gap exists between each gripping member.

The, or each, gripping member may be made from a metallic, plastic, or composite material. The gripping members may be arranged to be perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the pipe section. The gripping members may be arranged such that they protrude from the outer wall of the pipe section. The gripping members may be arranged to be perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the pipe sections. The gripping members may be arranged to be perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the second pipe segment. The gripping members may be arranged along the longitudinal axis of the pipe section to be connected. The gripping members may be opposing members. The gripping members may be located on opposite sides of the pipe sections. The gripping members may be aligned along the longitudinal axis of the second pipe segment. The gripping members may be aligned along the longitudinal axis of the pipe section. The gripping members may be arranged along the longitudinal axis of the pipe sections.

The gripping members may be planar members. The gripping members may be rigid members. The gripping members may be flanges, protrusions, tabs, collars, discs, planar discs, annuluses, or the like. The gripping members may be annular members. The gripping members may be radially protruding members.

The pipe gripping portion may be arranged in a bobbin arrangement. In this arrangement, the pipe gripping portion comprises two gripping members arranged along the longitudinal axis of the pipe section. The, or each, pipe section may be movable by the lifting apparatus and/or the ROV. The, or each, pipe section may be movable by the lifting apparatus, at least in part, by connecting the lifting apparatus to the pipe gripping portion of the pipe section. The, or each, pipe section may be movable by the lifting apparatus, at least in part, by connecting the lifting apparatus to at least one of the pipe gripping members of the pipe gripping portion of the pipe section.

The pipe gripping portion may be engageable by the device. The gripping members of the pipe gripping portion may be engageable by the device.

The, or each, pipe section to be connected may comprise one or more pipe end members. The pipe end member may be configured to allow connection to a corresponding pipe section. The pipe end member may be configured to allow connection to a corresponding pipe end member of a corresponding pipe section. The pipe end member may be located at the end region of the pipe section. The pipe end member may be located on one of the pipe segments. The third pipe segment may comprise the pipe end member. The second pipe segment may comprise the pipe end member. The pipe end member may be a planar member. The pipe end member may be a rigid member. The pipe end member may be a flange, a collar, a protrusion, a tab, a disc, a planar disc, annulus, or the like. The pipe end member may be an annular member. The pipe end member may be a radially protruding member. The pipe end member may be arranged perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the pipe section. The pipe end member may be arranged perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of at least one of the pipe segments. The pipe end member may be arranged perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the pipe section. The pipe end member may surround a fluid inlet/outlet of the pipe. The pipe end members of the pipe sections may form an interference fit with each other.

The, or each, pipe end member may be made from a metallic, plastic, or composite material.

The pipe end member and the gripping members may be arranged along the longitudinal axis of the pipe sections to be connected. The pipe end member and the gripping members may be spaced apart along the longitudinal axis of the pipe sections to be connected.

The pipe end member and each of the gripping members may be arranged to be parallel.

The pipe sections may be connectable to each other. The third pipe segments of each pipe section may be connectable to each other. The pipe sections to be connected may be configured to engage with each other. The pipe sections to be connected may be brought into conformal contact with each other. The pipe sections may be connectable at opposing ends thereof.

The pipe sections may be connectable to each other by the pipe end members.

The pipe end members of each pipe section may be connectable to each other. The pipe end members of each pipe section may be engageable with each other. The pipe sections to be connected may each comprise a pipe end member, and the pipe end members may be arranged to conform to each other. The pipe end members of each pipe section may be configured to conform to each other. At least one of the pipe end members may comprise a gasket member. The gasket member may be a ring-shaped member, an O-ring, a flexible member, and/or a resilient member.

The base member may comprise first and second pipe receiving ends.

The base member may be configured to provide support to the pipes. The base member may comprise one or more pipe support members. The base member may comprise a plurality of pipe support members. The base member may comprise two pipe support members. The base member may comprise a pair of pipe support members. The pipe support members may be located at opposite ends of the base member.

The base member may be made from a metallic, plastic, or composite material.

The pipe support member(s) may comprise a wall portion. The pipe support member(s) may be planar members. The pipe support member(s) may comprise a pipe receiving section that is at least partially complimentary in shape to at least a portion of the outer wall of the pipe sections. The pipe receiving section may be a grooved portion, a trough, a trench, a U-shaped portion, or the like.

The base member may be configured to align the pipe sections relative to each other. The base member may be configured to align the pipe sections such that they are collinear. The base member may be configured to align the pipe sections such that they are collinear along the x- axis of the apparatus. The base member may be configured to align the pipe sections such that their longitudinal axes are collinear.

The base member may be configured to align the pipe sections to the pipe section connection device. The base member may be configured to align the pipe sections to the pipe section connection device along the x-axis, the y-axis and/or the z-axis of the apparatus. The base member may be configured to arrange, or align, the pipe sections opposite each other. The base member may be configured to arrange, or align, the pipe sections along their longitudinal axes. The base member may be configured to arrange, or align, the pipe sections to be collinear. The base member may be configured to arrange, or align, the pipe sections to be collinear along the longitudinal axes thereof. The base member may be configured to arrange, or align, the pipe sections to be collinear along the longitudinal axis of the base member. The base member may be configured to arrange, or align, the pipe sections to be facing each other.

The pipe support members may be arranged to be spaced apart. The pipe support members may be arranged along the longitudinal axis of the base member. The pipe support members may be arranged to be spaced apart along the longitudinal axis of the base member. One or more pipe support members may be located at the first pipe section receiving end of the base member and one or more pipe support members may be located at the second pipe receiving end of the base member. The base member may comprise a single pipe support member at the first pipe section receiving end of the base member and a single pipe support member at the second pipe receiving end of the base member.

The pipes may be movable within, or on, the pipe support members. The pipes may be slidably movable within, or on, the pipe support members.

The pipe support members may be locatable at end regions, side portions, or edge portions of the base member. The pipe support members may be arranged along the longitudinal axis of the base member. The pipe support members may be arranged to be opposite each other. The pipe support members may be substantially identical. The pipe support members may be arranged to be perpendicular to the planar base of the base member. The pipe support members may be arranged to be perpendicular to the x-z plane of the apparatus.

The base member may be configured to permit movement of the pipes. The base member may be configured to permit movement of the pipes along the x-axis of the apparatus. The base member may be configured to permit movement of the pipes along the longitudinal axis of the pipes. The pipe support members may be configured to support the pipe sections. The pipe support members may be configured to permit movement of the pipe sections.

The base member may be configured to secure the pipes thereto. The base member may be configured to releasably secure the pipes thereto. The base member may be configured to secure the pipes at more than one position, or location, thereon. The base member may comprise one or more pipe securing members. The base member may comprise a plurality of pipe securing members. The pipe securing members may be configured to releasably secure the pipes in the pipe support members. The pipe securing member(s) may be a clamp, a half clamp, a collar, or the like. The pipe securing members may be releasably attachable to the pipe support members. The pipe securing members may comprise an actuating mechanism. The actuating mechanism may be a mechanical fastening device. The actuating mechanism may be a linear actuator. The actuating mechanism may be a hydraulic actuator.

The base member may be configured to permit the pipe sections to move relative to the pipe section connection device. The base member may be configured to permit the pipes to move into and out of the pipe section connection device.

The pipe section connection device may be configured to releasably connect, clamp, secure, lock, seal, fix, attach, hold, and/or fasten the pipe sections together. The pipe section connection device may be configured to prevent or restrain movement of the pipes relative to the base member. The pipe section connection device may comprise a clamping mechanism. The pipe section connection device may comprise a connecting mechanism. The clamping mechanism may comprise one or more clamping members. The clamping mechanism may comprise first and second clamping members. The clamping members may be at least partially cylindrical in shape. The clamping members may be at least partially cylindrical-shaped collars. The clamping members may be at least partially complimentary in shape to at least a part of the pipe sections. The clamping members may be movable relative to each other. The connecting mechanism may comprise first and second connecting members.

The pipe section connection device may be operable to move between a first pipe section receiving position, and a second pipe section connecting position. In the first pipe section receiving position, the first and second clamping members are spaced apart to allow the pipe sections to be received by the pipe section connection device. In the second pipe section connecting position the first and second clamping members connect the pipe sections together. In this arrangement, the first and second clamping members are brought together to form, in conjunction with the pipe end members of the pipe sections, a pipe connection. The pipe section connection device may move between the first pipe section receiving position, and the second pipe section connecting position in a plane that is perpendicular to the planar base of the base member.

The apparatus may comprise one or more sensors, the one or more sensors being operable to detect whether the pipe sections are connected. That is, whether the pipe sections are sufficiently connected to allow fluid to flow between the pipe sections without leaking therefrom. The one or more sensors may be connectable to the device. The one or more sensors may be connectable to the device by way of a wireless communication device. The wireless communication device may be a relay. The one or more sensors may be operable to provide a signal indicative of the pipe sections being connected together. The one or more sensors may be operable to provide a signal indicative of the pipe sections being hermetically and/or fluidically sealed together. The one or more sensors may be pressure sensors. The one or more sensors may be connected to the pipe end members. The one or more sensors may be connectable to one or more fluid flow channels in the pipe section connection device and/or the pipe end members. The fluid flow channels in the pipe section connection device and the pipe end members may be arranged to form a fluid flow path when the pipe sections are connected together. The one or more sensors may be operable to measure the pressure of fluid flowing in the fluid flow path.

The pipe section connection device may be configured between the first, pipe section receiving position and the second, pipe section connecting position. In the first, pipe section receiving position, the pipe sections may be moved into the pipe section connection device. In the first, pipe section receiving position, the pipe sections may not be in contact with the pipe section connection device. In the first, pipe section receiving position, the pipe section connection device may not obstruct movement of the pipe sections. In the first, pipe section receiving position, the pipe section connection device may not obstruct movement of the pipe sections along the longitudinal axis of the pipe sections. In the first, pipe section receiving position, the pipe section connection device permits free movement of the pipe sections. In the first, pipe section receiving position, the pipe section connection device may permit free movement of the pipe sections along the longitudinal axis thereof. The pipe section connection device may be configured to move the pipe sections along their longitudinal axes when the pipe section connection device is configured between the first, pipe section receiving position and the second, pipe section connecting position.

In the second, pipe section connecting position, the movement of the pipe sections may be prevented. In the second, pipe section connecting position, the pipe section connection device may engage with and seal the pipes. In the second, pipe section connecting position, the pipe section connection device may be configured to connect and seal the pipe sections in engagement with each other. In the second, pipe section connecting position, the pipe section connection device may be configured to hermetically or fluidically seal the pipes.

The pipe section connection device may comprise an actuating mechanism. The actuating mechanism may be configured to move the pipe section connection device between the first, pipe section receiving position and the second, pipe section connecting position. The actuating mechanism may comprise a mechanical fastening device. The actuating mechanism may be a linear actuator, or a hydraulic actuator.

The base member and the device may be engageable with each other. The base member and the device may be configured to be engageable. The base member and the device may be configured to be releasably engageable. The base member and the device may be configured to interconnect with one another. At least a portion of the base member may be received within the device. At least a portion of the device may be received within the base member.

The base member may be configured to receive at least a portion of the device. The base member may be configured to provide support to the device. The base member may be releasably attachable to the device. The base member may be configured to accommodate at least part of the device. The device may be configured to be lockable to the base member.

The base member and the device may be configured such that their longitudinal axes are aligned. The base member and the device may be configured such that their lateral axes are aligned. The base member and the device may be configured such that their vertical axes are aligned. The base member and the device may be configured such that their longitudinal, lateral and vertical axes are aligned. The base member and the device may include an alignment mechanism. The base member may comprise a first part of the alignment mechanism and the device may comprise a second part of the alignment mechanism. The first and second parts of the alignment mechanism may be complimentary in shape. The first and second parts of the alignment mechanism may be configured to interlock. The first and second parts of the alignment mechanism may be configured to fit together.

The alignment mechanism may comprise one or more alignment members and corresponding alignment ports. The one or more alignment members may be rods, columns, poles, spikes, posts, and/or pillars. The one or more alignment ports may be sockets, holes, receptacles, or the like. The first part of the alignment mechanism may comprise one or more alignment members and/or one or more alignment ports. The second part of the alignment mechanism may comprise one or more alignment members and/or one or more alignment ports. The alignment mechanism may form a plug and socket arrangement. At least one of the alignment members may be lockable to, or with, at least one of the alignment ports.

The alignment mechanism may be configured to align the device to the base member. The alignment mechanism may be configured to align the device to the pipe sections. The alignment mechanism may be configured to allow the device and the base member to engage with each other. The second part of the alignment mechanism may accommodate the first part of the alignment mechanism. The first part of the alignment mechanism may accommodate the second part of the alignment mechanism.

The alignment mechanism may be configured to align the longitudinal axis of the device to the longitudinal axis of the base member. The alignment mechanism may be configured to align the lateral axis of the device to the lateral axis of the base member. The alignment mechanism may be configured to align the vertical axis of the device to the vertical axis of the base member. The alignment mechanism may be configured to align at least one axis of the device to at least one axis of the base member. The alignment mechanism may be configured to align the longitudinal axis of the device to the longitudinal axis of the base member, the lateral axis of the device to the lateral axis of the base member, and the vertical axis of the device to the vertical axis of the base member. The alignment mechanism may comprise a locking mechanism for locking the device to the base member.

The base member and the device may include first and second alignment mechanisms. The base member and the device may include a further alignment mechanism. The first alignment mechanism may be configured to align the longitudinal axes and/or the lateral axes of the device and the longitudinal axes and/or the lateral axes of the base member. The second alignment mechanism may be configured to align the vertical axes of the device and the vertical axes of the base member. The first and/or the second alignment mechanism may comprise the locking mechanism of the alignment mechanism. The first alignment mechanism may be one or more columns, pillars, poles, or the like on the base member, and corresponding sockets, holes, receptacles, or the like, on the device. The first alignment mechanism may be one or more columns, pillars, poles, or the like on the device, and corresponding sockets, holes, receptacles, or the like, on the base member.

The second alignment mechanism may be one or more columns, pillars, poles, or the like on the base member, and corresponding sockets, holes, receptacles, or the like, on the device. The second alignment mechanism may be one or more columns, pillars, poles, or the like on the device, and corresponding sockets, holes, receptacles, or the like, on the base member.

The first part o f the alignment mechanism may be located at one or more of the pipe receiving ends of the base member. The first part of the alignment mechanism may be located substantially adjacent to the pipe support members of the base member.

The first and second alignment mechanisms may be located substantially adjacent to each other. That is, the parts of the first and second alignment mechanisms located on the base member may be located substantially adjacent to each other, and the parts of the first and second alignment mechanisms located on the device may be located substantially adjacent to each other.

The base member may be configured to provide support to the pipe section connection device. The pipe section connection device may be connected to the base member. The pipe section connection device may be located between the first and second pipe receiving ends of the base member.

The base member may be configured to be positionable or locatable on the ground, sea bed, or sea floor. The base member may be submersible. The base member may be locatable on the ground, on the sea bed, or sea floor.

The base member may be engageable with a ground engaging base portion. The base member may comprise the ground engaging base portion. The ground engaging base portion may be separate to the base member. The ground engaging base portion may be a planar member. The base member may be movable relative to the ground engaging base potion. The base member may be slidably engageable with the ground engaging base portion. The ground engaging base portion may be locatable on the ground, the sea bed, or the sea floor.

The ground engaging base portion may be at least partially submergible in the ground, the sea bed, or the sea floor. The base member may be a rigid member.

The device may be a subsea device, or a submersible device. The device may be usable in a subsea environment. The device may be controllable by a land, rig, or vessel-based operator. The ROV may be operable to operate the device. The ROV may be operable to control the device.

The device may be independently operable. That is, the device may be movable and operable independently of the ROV and/or the lifting apparatus.

The device may be made from a metallic, plastic, or composite material.

The device may be operable to move the pipe sections along the longitudinal axis of the base member. The device may be operable to move the pipe sections relative to each other. The device may be operable to move the pipe sections simultaneously. The device may be operable to move the pipe sections independently. The device may be operable to move the pipe sections towards each other. The device may be operable to move the pipe sections away from each other. The device may be operable to move the pipe sections relative to the base member. The device may be operable to move the pipe sections relative to the device. The device may be operable to move the pipe sections towards the pipe section connection device. The device may be operable to move the pipe sections away from the pipe section connection device. The device may be operable to move the pipes into and out of the pipe section connection device. The device may be operable to move the pipe sections in two directions along the longitudinal axis of the base member. The device may be operable to bring the pipes into, and out of, contact with each other. The device may be operable to bring the pipes into, and out of, the pipe section connection device. The device may be operable to move the pipe sections between the first, pipe section receiving position and the second, pipe section connecting position.

The device may be operable to engage the pipes. The device may be engageable with at least a portion of each pipe section. The device may be operable to grip, push, and/or pull the pipe sections. The device may comprise one or more pipe engagement members. The device may be engageable with the pipe gripping portion of the pipe section. The device may comprise one or more pipe gripping members. The pipe gripping members may engage the pipe gripping portion of the pipe section. The pipe gripping members may engage the corresponding gripping member(s) of the pipes. The one or more gripping members of the device may be planar members. The one or more gripping members of the device may be rigid members. The one or more gripping members may be flanges, protrusions, tabs, collars, discs, planar discs, annuluses, or the like. The one or more gripping members may be annular members. The one or more gripping members may be radially protruding members. The one or more gripping members may be made from a metallic, plastic, or composite material.

The device may be configured to at least partially accommodate at least a portion of the pipes therein. The device may comprise one or more pipe accommodating or pipe engaging portions. The one or more gripping members of the device may accommodate, or fit around, at least a portion of the pipe(s).

The device may comprise a gripping member alignment mechanism. The gripping member alignment mechanism may comprise one or more alignment members. The alignment members may be guide rails, L-shaped rails, stops, or the like. The gripping member alignment mechanism may be configured to align the gripping members along the longitudinal axis of the device. The gripping member alignment mechanism may be configured to align the gripping members along the lateral axis of the device. The gripping member alignment mechanism may be configured to align the gripping members along the vertical axis of the device. The gripping member alignment mechanism may be configured to align the gripping members along the longitudinal, lateral and vertical axes of the device .

The device may comprise one or more stops for limiting the movement of the gripping members. The, or each stop may limit the movement of the gripping members along the longitudinal axis of the device. The, or each, stop may be a tab, protrusion, an L-shaped rail, an abutment, or the like. The, or each, stop may be located between at least two of the gripping members of the device.

The device may be engageable with the base member. The device may be configured to interlock with the base member. The device may be securable to the base member. The device may be connectable to the base member. The device may be attachable to the base member. The device may be configured to accommodate at least a portion of the base member therein.

The device may be movable by the ROV and/or the lifting apparatus to be in alignment with the pipe sections. The device may be movable by the ROV and/or the lifting apparatus to be in alignment with the base member. The device may be movable, prior to engagement with a base member, by the ROV and/or the lifting apparatus such that the longitudinal and lateral axes of the base member and the device are arranged to be collinear. The device may be movable by the ROV and/or the lifting apparatus such that its longitudinal axis is aligned with the longitudinal axis of the base member. The device may be movable by the ROV and/or the lifting apparatus such that its lateral axis is aligned with the lateral axis of the base member. The device may be movable by the ROV and/or the lifting apparatus such that its vertical axis is aligned with the vertical axis of the base member. The device may be movable by the ROV and/or the lifting apparatus such that its longitudinal, lateral and vertical axis are in alignment with the longitudinal, lateral and vertical axes of the base member.

The device may comprise a planar base. The planar base of the device may be defined by its longitudinal and lateral axes. The device may be operable to align its planar base with the planar base of the base member. The device may be operable such that its longitudinal axis is aligned to the longitudinal axis of the pipe sections.

The device may be configured to move and connect the pipe sections. The device may be configured to move and disconnect the pipe sections.

The device may comprise an actuating mechanism for moving the pipe sections. The device may be operable to control the actuating mechanism. The actuating mechanism may comprise a mechanical motive device. The actuating mechanism may be one or more of an actuator, a piston, a hydraulic rod or ram, a linear actuator, or the like.

The device may be operable to secure, connect, lock, fix, seal, hold, and/or clamp the pipes at the second, pipe section connecting position.

The device may be operable to configure the pipe section connecting device between the first, pipe section receiving position and the second, pipe section connecting position. The device may be operable to control the operation of the pipe section connection device. The device may be engageable with the pipe section connection device. The device may be engageable with the actuating mechanism of the pipe section connection device. The device may be operable to control the actuating mechanism of the pipe section connection device. The device may be operable to operate the pipe securing member(s) of the base member. The device may be operable to operate the pipe securing members at either side of the base member. The device may be operable to control the actuating mechanism of the pipe securing members.

The device is moveable between a first, disengaged position and a second, engaged position. That is, the device is movable between a first position, in which it is disengaged from the base member, and a second position, in which it is engaged with the base member.

The device may be releasably engageable with the base member. The device may be operable to be removable from the base member when the pipes are connected together. The device may be operable to be removable from the base member when the pipes are in the first, pipe section receiving position, or in the second, pipe section connecting position. The device may be configured to be engageable with the base member when the pipes are in the first, pipe section receiving position. The device may be configured to be engageable with the base member when the pipes are in the second, pipe section connecting position.

The apparatus may be configured to protect, shield, cover, shroud, encase or obscure at least a portion of the base member. The apparatus may be configured to protect, shield, cover, shroud, encase, or obscure at least a portion of the pipe sections. The apparatus may comprise one or more protection apparatuses for protecting, shielding, covering, shrouding, encasing, or obscuring at least a portion of the base member. The protection apparatus may be configured to protect, shield, cover, shroud, obscure, or encase, at least a portion of the pipe sections.

The protection apparatus may be configured to accommodate at least a portion of the base member therein. The protection apparatus may be configured to accommodate at least a portion of the pipe sections therein. The apparatus may comprise one protection apparatus for each base member. The protection apparatus may comprise a housing configured to accommodate at least a portion of the base member therein. The housing may be configured to accommodate at least a portion of the pipe sections therein.

The protection apparatus may be submersible. The protection apparatus may comprise one or more ground engaging portions. The protection apparatus may be engageable with the ground, or the sea floor. The protection apparatus may be operable to be partially sunk into the sea floor. The protection apparatus may be operable to perform soil liquefaction. The protection apparatus may comprise one or more fluid injectors. The fluid injectors may be operable to deliver pressurised fluid to the inside and/or the outside of at least one of the one or more ground engaging portions of the protection apparatus. The protection apparatus may be removable from the sea floor.

The protection apparatus may be releasably engageable with the base member. The protection apparatus may be configured to be lockable to the base member. The protection apparatus may comprise a locking mechanism for locking it to the base member. The protection apparatus may be locatable on the base member.

The protection apparatus may be made from a metallic, plastic, or composite material. The protection apparatus may comprise a longitudinal, lateral and vertical axis. The longitudinal, lateral and vertical axes of the protection apparatus may form a Cartesian coordinate system. The protection apparatus may be configured such that at least one of its longitudinal, lateral and vertical axes are aligned to at least one of the longitudinal, lateral and vertical axes of the base member. The protection apparatus may comprise an alignment mechanism. The alignment mechanism of the protection apparatus may be configured to engage with the first part of the alignment mechanism of the base member. The alignment mechanism of the protection apparatus may comprise one or more alignment members and/or alignment ports. The one or more alignment members may be rods, columns, poles, spikes, posts, and/or pillars. The one or more alignment ports may be sockets, holes, and/or receptacles, or the like. The alignment members, and/or alignment ports of the protection apparatus may form a plug and socket arrangement with the alignment members and/or alignment ports of the base member. At least one of the alignment members of the protection apparatus may be lockable to, or with, at least one of the alignment ports of the base member. At least one of the alignment members of the base member may be lockable to, or with, at least one of the alignment ports of the protection apparatus.

The protection apparatus may be movable by the lifting apparatus and/or the ROV. The protection apparatus may comprise one or more coupling members for coupling the protection apparatus to the lifting apparatus and/or the ROV. The protection apparatus may be movable by the lifting apparatus and/or the ROV such that its longitudinal axis is collinear with the longitudinal axis of the base member. The protection apparatus may be movable by the lifting apparatus and/or the ROV such that its lateral axis is collinear with the lateral axis of the base member. The protection apparatus may be movable by the lifting apparatus and/or the ROV such that its vertical axis is collinear with the vertical axis of the base member. The protection apparatus may be movable by the lifting apparatus and/or the ROV such that its longitudinal and lateral axes are aligned with the longitudinal and lateral axes of the base member.

The apparatus may comprise a control system. The control system may be operable to control the device. The device may be a remotely operated device, and the control system may be operable to control the device. The apparatus may be operable by the control system. The apparatus may be operable by a land-based, rig-based, onshore, and/or vessel-based control system. The control system may be connected to the apparatus by a wired connection. The apparatus may be connectable to the control system. The device may be connectable to the control system. The control system may comprise a user interface.

The, or each, pipe section may have a diameter of approximately 10 cm to approximately 1, 100 cm. The, or each, pipe section may have a diameter of any suitable size.

The apparatus may be operable to be used at any sea depth, or water depth.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a device for moving pipe sections to be connected in relative movement.

The device may be operable to control a pipe section connection device.

Embodiments of the second aspect of the present invention may include one or more features of the first aspect of the present invention or its embodiments. Similarly, embodiments of the first aspect of the present invention may include one or more features of the second aspect of the present invention or its embodiments.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus for moving subsea pipes, the apparatus comprising:

a device for moving pipes sections to be connected in relative movement.

The device may be operable to operate the pipe section connection device.

Embodiments of the third aspect of the present invention may include one or more features of the first, and/or second aspects of the present invention or their embodiments. Similarly, embodiments of the first and/or second aspects of the present invention may include one or more features of the third aspect of the present invention or its embodiments. According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus for receiving subsea pipes to be connected, the apparatus comprising:

a base member configured to provide support to pipe sections to be connected; and

a pipe section connection device; and

wherein the apparatus is configured to permit movement of the pipe sections between a first pipe section receiving position, and a second pipe section connecting position.

Embodiments of the fourth aspect of the present invention may include one or more features of the first, second and/or third aspects of the present invention or their embodiments. Similarly, embodiments of the first, second, and/or third aspects of the present invention may include one or more features of the fourth aspect of the present invention or its embodiments.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a pipe section, the pipe section comprising:

a gripping portion, the gripping portion being configured to be engageable by a device for moving pipe sections in relative movement; and

a pipe end member, the pipe end member configured to be engageable with a corresponding pipe end member of a further pipe section.

The pipe may be a subsea pipe.

Embodiments of the fifth aspect of the present invention may include one or more features of the first, second, third and/or fourth aspects of the present invention or their embodiments. Similarly, embodiments of the first, second, third and/or fourth aspects of the present invention may include one or more features of the fifth aspect of the present invention or its embodiments.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention there is provided an apparatus for connecting pipes, the apparatus comprising:

a base member for receiving sections of pipes to be connected, wherein the base member is configured to permit movement of the pipes between a first pipe section receiving position, and a second pipe section connecting position, and wherein the base member comprises a pipe section connection device; and

a device for moving the sections of pipes relative to the base member.

The device may be operable to operate the pipe section connection device. The pipes may be subsea pipes.

Embodiments of the sixth aspect of the present invention may include one or more features of the first, second, third, fourth and/or fifth aspects of the present invention or their embodiments. Similarly, embodiments of the first, second, third, fourth and/or fifth aspects of the present invention may include one or more features of the sixth aspect of the present invention or its embodiments.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention there is provided a protection apparatus for shielding subsea pipes, the protection apparatus being configured to accommodate at least a part of:

a base member for receiving sections of pipes to be connected, wherein the base member is configured to permit movement of the pipes between a first pipe section receiving position, and a second pipe section connecting position, and wherein the base member comprises a pipe section connection device; and

the pipe sections to be connected.

Embodiments of the seventh aspect of the present invention may include one or more features of the first, second, third, fourth, fifth and/or sixth aspects of the present invention or their embodiments. Similarly, embodiments of the first, second, third, fourth, fifth and/or sixth aspects of the present invention may include one or more features of the seventh aspect of the present invention or its embodiments.

According to an eighth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of connecting pipes, the method comprising the steps of:

(i) providing an apparatus for connecting subsea pipes, the apparatus comprising:

a base member for receiving sections of pipes to be connected, wherein the base member is configured to permit movement of the pipes between a first pipe section receiving position, and a second pipe section connecting position, and wherein the base member comprises a pipe section connection device; and

a device for moving the section of pipes relative to the base member;

(ii) locating the pipes at the first pipe section receiving position in the base member;

(iii) using the device to move the sections of pipes relative to the base member to the second pipe section connecting position; and

(iv) using the device and/or a remotely operated vehicle to operate the pipe section connection device to connect the sections of pipe.

The pipes may be subsea pipes.

The method may comprise the further step of disconnecting the pipe sections.

The method may comprise the step of providing one or more base members. The method may comprise the step of providing one or more pipe sections to be connected. The method may comprise the step of assembling and/or disassembling a subsea pipe system. The method may comprise the step of installing and/or retrieving base members and pipes on or from the sea floor.

The method may comprise the step of providing one or more ROVs. The method may comprise the step of using the one or more ROVs.

The method may comprise the step of repeating steps (i) to (iv). The method may comprise the step of repeating steps (i) to (iv) until the desired number of pipe sections have been connected together. The method may comprise the step of carrying out steps (i) to (iv) in reverse, such that the pipe sections are disconnected and retrieved.

It will be appreciated that the order that the steps are recited and any

numbering given to those steps in the method described above is only exemplary, and that the steps may be carried out in any order except where it is clear that a specific order is meant and/or a specific order is required or essential for the proper functioning of the method. Embodiments of the eighth aspect of the present invention may include one or more features of the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth and/or seventh aspects of the present invention or their embodiments. Similarly, embodiments of the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth and/or seventh aspects of the present invention may include one or more features of the eighth aspect of the present invention or its embodiments.

According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of disconnecting pipes from:

a base member for receiving sections of pipes to be connected, wherein the base member is configured to permit movement of the pipes between a first pipe section receiving position, and a second pipe section connecting position, and wherein the base member comprises a pipe section connection device;

wherein the pipe sections to be connected are connected together by the pipe section connection device; and

wherein the method comprises the steps of:

(i) providing a device for moving the section of pipes relative to the base member;

(ii) using the device and/or a remotely operated vehicle to operate the pipe section connection device to disconnect the sections of pipe;

(iii) using the device to move the pipe sections relative to the base member from the second pipe section connecting position to the first pipe section receiving position; and

(iv) removing the pipe sections from the base member.

The pipes may be subsea pipes.

The method may comprise the further step of connecting the pipe sections.

The method may comprise the step of assembling and/or disassembling a subsea pipe system. The method may comprise the step of installing and/or retrieving base members and pipes on or from the sea floor.

The method may comprise the step of providing one or more ROVs. The method may comprise the step of using the one or more ROVs. The method may comprise the step of repeating steps (i) to (iv). The method may comprise the step of repeating steps (i) to (iv) until the desired number of pipe sections have been disconnected. The method may comprise the step of carrying out steps (i) to (iv) in reverse, such that the pipe sections are connected.

It will be appreciated that the order that the steps are recited and any

numbering given to those steps in the method described above is only exemplary, and that the steps may be carried out in any order except where it is clear that a specific order is meant and/or a specific order is required or essential for the proper functioning of the method.

Embodiments of the ninth aspect of the present invention may include one or more features of the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh and/or eighth aspects of the present invention or their embodiments. Similarly, embodiments of the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh and/or eighth aspects of the present invention may include one or more features of the ninth aspect of the present invention or its embodiments.

According to a tenth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a system for connecting pipes, the system comprising:

an apparatus for connecting pipes, the apparatus comprising:

a base member for receiving sections of pipes to be

connected, wherein the base member is configured to permit movement of the pipes between a first pipe section receiving position, and a second pipe section connecting position, and wherein the base member comprises a pipe section connection device; and

a device for moving the sections of pipes relative to the base

member.

The device may be operable to operate the pipe section connection device. The pipes may be subsea pipes.

The system may comprise a plurality of pipes. The system may comprise one or more ROVs. The system may be configured to provide support to the pipe sections. The system may comprise one or more further pipe support members. The one or more further pipe support members may be, guides, clamps, goose-neck clamps, goose-neck guides, or the like. The one or more further pipe support members may be separate from the apparatus. The one or more further pipe support members may be locatable at a distance from the base member. The one or more further pipe support members may be spaced from the base member. The base member and the one or more further pipe support members may be configured to provide support to the pipe sections.

Embodiments of the tenth aspect of the present invention may include one or more features of the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh, eighth and/or ninth aspects of the present invention or their embodiments. Similarly, embodiments of the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh, eighth and/or ninth aspects of the present invention may include one or more features of the tenth aspect of the present invention or its embodiments.

According to an eleventh aspect of the invention, there is provided a device for moving pipe sections to be connected in relative movement;

wherein the, or each, pipe section to be connected comprises a pipe gripping portion configured to allow the, or each, pipe section to be moved by the device,

wherein the device comprises one or more pipe gripping members configured to engage with the pipe gripping portion of the, or each, pipe section, and

wherein the device is operable to control a pipe section connection device.

Embodiments of the eleventh aspect of the present invention may include one or more features of the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh, eighth, ninth and/or tenth aspects of the present invention or their embodiments. Similarly, embodiments of the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh, eighth, ninth and/or tenth aspects of the present invention may include one or more features of the eleventh aspect of the present invention or its embodiments.

Brief description of the drawings

Embodiments of the invention will now be described, by way of example, with reference to the drawings, in which: Fig. 1 is a partial side view of a pipe section for use with an apparatus for connecting subsea pipes according to the present invention;

Fig. 2a is a partial top view of the apparatus for connecting subsea pipes, showing a base member thereof;

Fig. 2b is a partial cross section of the apparatus of Fig. 2a;

Fig. 2c is a partial cross section of the apparatus of Fig. 2a;

Fig. 2d is a partial cross section of the apparatus of Fig. 2a;

Fig. 3a is a partial side view of the apparatus of the present invention, showing a device for moving the sections of pipes of Fig. 1 and for operating the pipe section connection device ofFig. 2a;

Fig. 3b is a partial cross section of the apparatus of Fig. 2a and Fig. 3a;

Fig. 3c is a partial cross section of the apparatus of Fig. 2a and Fig. 3a;

Fig. 3d is a partial cross section of the apparatus of Fig. 2a and Fig. 3a;

Fig. 4a is a partial side view of the apparatus of Fig. 2a, showing a protection apparatus thereof;

Fig. 4b is a partial cross section of the apparatus of Fig. 4a;

Figs. 5a to 5e are partial side views of the apparatus of Figs. 2a and 3a, including two pipe sections of Fig. 1 ;

Figs. 5f, 5g and 6a are partial side views of the apparatus of Fig. 2a, the protection apparatus of Fig. 4a and two pipe sections of Fig. 1 ;

Figs. 6b to 6e are partial side views of the apparatus of Fig. 2a and 3a, including two pipe sections of Fig. 1 ; and

Fig. 7 is a schematic of a user interface of a control system for use with the present invention.

Description of preferred embodiments

With reference to Figs. 1 to 7, an apparatus 1 for connecting subsea pipes is shown. The apparatus 1 may be used as part of a reusable modular subsea pipe connection and disconnection system. As shown in Figs. 2a to 2d, the apparatus 1 includes a base member 10 for receiving sections of pipes 2 (shown in Fig. 1) to be connected. The base member 10 is configured to permit movement of the pipe sections 2 between a first pipe section receiving position l2a (see Fig. 5a), and a second pipe section connecting position 12b (see Fig. 5d). The base member 10 includes a pipe section connection device 14.

The pipe sections 2 are designed to carry fluid, particularly oil, gas, and/or water. The apparatus 1 can be used for, particularly, but not exclusively, pipe installation, subsea pigging operations and pipeline repairs.

In some embodiments of the invention, the base member 10 could be termed a modular pipe connector termination skid arrangement.

In some embodiments, the pipe sections 2 may be termed pipe end arrangements.

With reference to Fig. 3a to 3d, the apparatus 1 includes a device 20 for moving the sections of pipes 2 relative to the base member 10. In this embodiment, the device is operable to operate the pipe section connection device 14. In some embodiments, the device 20 can be termed a modular displacement tool arrangement. In other embodiments, the pipe section connection device 14 need not be operated by the device 20.

The apparatus 1 is configured to be used in a subsea environment 8. However, it should be understood that the apparatus 1 may be used for connecting onshore, or land-based pipes. It should be understood that the apparatus 1 may be used for connecting pipes under water, such as in an estuary, river, lake, or the like, or in any other body of water or fluid

The apparatus 1 illustrated and described here can be used to align, connect and/or disconnect subsea pipes, which could be to assemble or disassemble a subsea pipe system and/or a land- based pipe system. When used to install a subsea pipe system, the apparatus 1 is operable to install base members 10 on the sea floor 4 to which pipes may be subsequently mounted thereto. When used in disassembling a subsea pipe system, the apparatus 1 is operable to retrieve the base members 10 from the sea floor 4 and pipe sections 2 from the sea floor 4.

As best shown in Figs. 5a to 5e, the base member 10 and the device 20 are independently movable, and are separate, modular parts of the apparatus 1. Therefore, the apparatus 1 may be considered as a modular apparatus 1 having a separate device 20 and base member 10. In the embodiment illustrated and described here the apparatus 1 is configured fo r use with, and is movable by, a submersible remotely operated vehicle (ROV) 6. As shown in Figs. 2a and 3a, the base member 10 and the device 20 each include four padeyes lOi, 20h (example coupling members). However, it should be understood that the base member 10 and/or the device 20 could include one or more coupling members.

The base member 10 is positioned on the sea floor 4 by a lifting apparatus. In this embodiment, the lifting apparatus is a crane mounted on a surface vessel or structure. However, it should be understood that other types of lifting apparatus could be used, such as a land based lifting apparatus. The lifting apparatus is connectable to the base member 10 by way of four padeyes l Oh (example coupling members). In the embodiment illustrated and described here, the base member 10 is positioned on the sea floor 4 using the lifting apparatus, and is then moved into position using the ROV 6. The ROV 6 is used to connect and disconnect the lifting apparatus to/from the base member 10.

The device 20 is movable by way of the lifting apparatus. Once the device 20 is in close proximity to the base member 10, the ROV 6 can be used to adjust the position of the device 20 relative to the base member 10. As the device 20 is designed to be reusable, the lifting apparatus can remain connected to the device 20 throughout the stages of operation of the apparatus 1 , as illustrated and described here.

As described above, the apparatus 1 is operable to connect subsea pipes, or pipe sections 2, together. However, it should be understood that the apparatus 1 could be used to connect, clamp, secure, fix and/or seal subsea pipes, or pipe sections 2, together.

The apparatus 1 has a horizontal x-axis lx, a vertical y-axis ly and a horizontal z-axis lz, which form a Cartesian coordinate system. As best shown in Figs. 2a to 2d, the base member 10 includes longitudinal lOx, vertical lOy and lateral l Oz axes, and these axes l Ox, lOy, lOz define the x, y and z axes lx, ly, lz of the apparatus 1.

Turning to Fig. 2a, the base member 10 has a planar base lOxz defined by its longitudinal and lateral axes lOx, l Oz. Similarly, the apparatus 1 has a horizontal x-z plane defined by its x-axis lx and z-axis lz, and thus by the planar base lOxz of the base member 10. It will be appreciated that due to the symmetry of the base member 10, Fig. 2b shows the detail A-A of Fig. 2a and the detail C-C of Fig. 2a, as these parts of the base member 10 are identical. However, it should be appreciated that in some embodiments these details of the base member 10 could be different, for example when designed to receive different sizes of pipe section 2.

As shown in figs. 2a and 2b, the longitudinal lOx and lateral lOz axes of the base member 10 are horizontal axes, and its vertical axis lOy is arranged to be perpendicular to its longitudinal lOx and lateral lOz axes. It will be appreciated that in the embodiment illustrated and described here, and as shown in Fig. 2d, the vertical axis lOy of the base member 10 defines the vertical y-axis ly of the apparatus 1.

As illustrated in Fig. 3 a to 3d, the device 20 has a longitudinal axis 20x, a vertical axis 20y, and a lateral axis 20z. As described in more detail below, the device 20 is correctly engaged with the base member 10 when their respective longitudinal lOx and 20x, lateral lOz and 20z, and vertical lOy and 20y axes are arranged to be collinear.

The apparatus 1 is configured to connect two sections of pipe 2 together, which are received by the base member 10.

With reference to Fig. 1, each pipe section 2 has a longitudinal axis 2x, a vertical axis 2y, and a lateral axis 2z. The pipe sections 2 are rigid elongate, longitudinal cylindrical members, and in the embodiment illustrated here, each pipe section 2 is substantially identical. However, it should be understood that in some embodiments the pipe sections 2 need not be identical.

In the embodiment illustrated and described here, each of the pipe sections 2 includes first, second and third pipe segments 2a, 2b, 2c, which are connectable to each other. In this embodiment, each pipe section 2 is formed by the three pipe segments 2a, 2b, 2c connected together, and each pipe section 2 is subsequently connectable to another pipe section 2 by using the apparatus 1. It should be understood that the pipe sections 2 will be pre-assembled by connecting the three pipe segments 2a, 2b, 2c together. The pre-assembled pipe sections 2 will then be placed in the base member 10 as described herein. In the embodiment illustrated and described here, the pipe sections 2 are rigid members. However, it should be understood that in some embodiments, the first pipe segment la could be a flexible and/or elastic member, and the second and/or third pipe segments 2b, 2c could be rigid members. Furthermore, it should be understood that in some embodiments at least one of the pipe segments 2a, 2b, 2c could be flexible or elastic members, and at least one of the pipe segments 2a, 2b, 2c could be rigid members. A flexible first pipe segment 2a allows the pipe sections 2 to be moved relative to the base member 10 whilst connected to a further base member 10. That is, when one end of the pipe is fixed to a further base member 10, the other end of the pipe can be moved (as described below), and the flexible or elastic first pipe segment 2a can be moved due to its flexible or elastic properties.

As illustrated in Fig. 1 , each pipe segment 2a, 2b, 2c has a longitudinal axis 2a’, 2b’ and 2c’ that is collinear with the longitudinal axis 2x of the pipe section 2. Therefore, movement of the pipe sections 2 along the longitudinal axis 2x thereof will result in corresponding movement of the pipe segments 2a, 2b, 2c along their longitudinal axes 2a’, 2b’, 2c’. Thus, when two pipe sections 2 (as shown in Fig. 1) are connected using the apparatus 1 (as shown in Fig. 5d), the pipe segments 2a, 2b, 2c and the pipe sections 2 will be aligned along their longitudinal axes 2x, 2a’, 2b’, 2c’.

As shown in Fig. 1 , the first pipe segment 2a is located substantially adjacent to the second pipe segment 2b, and the second pipe segment 2b is located substantially adjacent to the third pipe segment 2c. Arranging the pipe segments 2a, 2b, 2c in this way reduces the footprint, or area, of the base member 10. The third pipe segment 2c could be termed a pipe end seat.

In this embodiment, the first pipe segment 2a is the main pipe segment, as it forms a substantial portion of each pipe and is common to both pipe sections 2 of a continuous pipe. Therefore, in this embodiment, each pipe includes a single first pipe segment 2a, two second pipe segments 2b and two third pipe segments 2c. The second pipe segment 2b could be termed a pup-piece. However, it should be understood that in other embodiments, the first pipe segment 2a need not be common to both pipe sections 2.

As shown in Fig. 1 , each pipe section 2 includes a pipe gripping portion 2d located on an outer wall 2g of each pipe section 2 and configured to allow the pipe section 2 to be moved by the device 20. The pipe gripping portion 2d can, in some embodiments, be considered an axial motive power transfer portion. Whilst the second pipe segment 2b comprises the pipe gripping portion 2d, it should be understood that each pipe section 2 could comprise one or more pipe segments, and the pipe gripping portion 2d could be located on at least one of the one or more pipe segments. Locating the pipe gripping portion 2d on the second pipe segment 2b allows the gripping portion 2d to be connected between a variety of first and third pipe segments 2a, 2c. Therefore, the third pipe segment 2c can be configured based on the desired connection between the pipe sections 2, and the first pipe segment 2a can be configured based on the desired parameters of the main portion of the pipe. The second pipe segment 2b can be configured based on the desired parameters of the gripping portion 2d. It will be appreciated that this allows for a variety of pipe arrangements to be used.

In the arrangement illustrated in Fig. 1, each pipe gripping portion 2d includes first and second gripping members 2e’ and 2e” separated by a gap 2f therebetween. As will be described in more detail below, this arrangement allows the device 20 to engage with the gripping members 2e’, 2e” and to move the pipe sections 2 in two directions. In this embodiment, the two directions are forwards and backwards along the longitudinal axis 2x of the pipe sections 2. However, it should be understood that the, or each, pipe gripping portion 2d could comprise a plurality of gripping members. The first and second gripping members 2e’, 2e” can be termed reaction plates and are formed in a bobbin arrangement (i.e., in this arrangement, the pipe gripping portion 2d comprises two gripping members 2e’, 2e” arranged along the longitudinal axis 2x of the pipe section 2), although it will be appreciated that other arrangements are possible.

The gripping members 2e’, 2e” are arranged to be perpendicular to the longitudinal axis 2x of each pipe section 2, such that they protrude from the outer wall 2g of the pipe section 2. The gripping members 2e’, 2e” are arranged along the longitudinal axis 2x of the pipe section 2 and are opposing gripping members 2e’, 2e”.

In the embodiment illustrated and described here, the gripping members 2e’, 2e” are rigid, planar flanges. However, it should be understood that the gripping members 2e’, 2e” could be one or more protrusions, tabs, collars, discs, planar discs, annuluses, annular members, radially protruding members, or the like. In some embodiments, the gripping members 2e’, 2e” may be located on opposite sides of the pipe sections 2.

As shown in Figs. 5b to 5d and described further below, the gripping portion 2d and the gripping members 2e’, 2e” thereof are engageable by the device 20.

Turning again to Fig. 1, each pipe section 2 includes a pipe end member 2h configured to allow connection to a corresponding pipe end member 2h of a corresponding pipe section 2. In the embodiment illustrated and described here, the pipe end member 2h is located on the third pipe segment 2c and is a rigid, planar flange. That is, the pipe end member 2h is a flange member, as is known in the field. However, it should be understood that the pipe end member 2h could be a collar, a protrusion, a tab, a disc, a planar disc, annulus, an annular member, a radially protruding member, or the like. It should be understood that in some embodiments, the pipe end members 2h could form an interference fit with each other.

In the embodiment illustrated and described here, the two pipe end members 2h comprise a shared O-ring (an example gasket member) to assist in forming a fluidic, or hermitic, seal when the pipe sections 2 are connected together by the apparatus 1. It should be understood that in some embodiments, an interference fit can be used to connect the pipe end members 2h, and therefore in some embodiments a gasket member will not be required.

As shown in Fig.l, the pipe end member 2h is arranged perpendicular to the longitudinal axis 2x of the pipe section 2 and it surrounds a fluid inlet/outlet 2i of the pipe section 2.

The pipe end member 2h and the first and second gripping members 2e’, 2e” are arranged along the longitudinal axis 2x of the pipe sections 2, such that they are aligned and are parallel.

The pipe sections 2 are connectable to each other by connecting the third pipe segments 2c together and connecting the pipe end members 2h together, by bringing the pipe end members 2h into engagement with each other. In this embodiment, the pipe end members 2h can be brought into conformal contact with each other, and thus the pipe sections 2 are connectable at opposing ends thereof. As shown in Figs. 2a to 2d and 5a to 5e, the base member 10 is configured to permit movement of each pipe section 2 in the direction of the longitudinal axis 2x thereof, and to prevent, or restrict movement of each pipe section 2 in the direction of the vertical and lateral axes 2y, 2z thereof. Therefore, the base member 10 aligns the pipe sections 2 along their longitudinal axis 2x when the pipe sections 2 are located in the base member 10, and the base member 10 also maintains the pipe sections 2 in such alignment when the pipe sections 2 are moved relative to the base member 10. The base member 10 can therefore be considered as a guide for the pipe sections 2.

As shown in Figs. 5b to 5d, the device 20 is operable to move each pipe section 2 in the direction of the longitudinal axis 2x thereof relative to the base member 10. It will be apparent that in this arrangement, the longitudinal axis 2x of each pipe section 2 is the axis of movement thereof. Thus, when the pipe sections 2 are moved along their axis of movement (i.e. the longitudinal axis 2x of the pipe sections 2), the pipe sections 2 are maintained in alignment with each other.

As illustrated in Figs. 2a to 2d, a pair of pipe support members lOc are located at first and second pipe receiving ends lOa, lOb of the base member 10. The pipe support members lOc could, in some embodiments, be termed initial guide arrangements for receiving the pipe sections 2. The pipe support members lOc include a wall portion lOd and are planar members. Each pipe support member lOc has a pipe receiving section lOe that is at least partially complimentary in shape to at least a portion of the outer wall 2g of the pipe sections 2. In the embodiment shown here, the pipe receiving section 1 Oe is a grooved portion in the wall portion lOd. However, the pipe receiving section lOe could be a trough, a trench, a U-shaped portion, or the like. The pipe receiving section lOe assists in maintaining the alignment of the pipe sections 2, by permitting the pipe sections 2 to move relative to each other along the longitudinal axis 2x of the pipe sections 2, and by preventing or restricting movement of the pipe sections 2 along their vertical and lateral axes 2y, 2z. Each pipe support member 10c is configured to provide support to each pipe section 2 and to permit movement of the pipe sections 2 relative to the base member 10 along the longitudinal axes 2x of the pipe sections 2. In this embodiment, the base member 10, the pipe receiving sections lOe and the pipe support members lOc (including the wall portion lOd thereof) contribute to the alignment of the pipe sections 2. As shown in Fig. 5a, the base member 10 is configured to arrange the pipe sections 2 relative to each other such that their longitudinal axes 2x are collinear, and such that the pipe sections 2 are collinear along the longitudinal axis lOx of the base member 10.

As shown in fig. 5a, the base member 10 is configured to align the pipe sections 2 to the pipe section connection device 14. Thus, the pipe sections 2 can be moved into the pipe section connection device 14. The pipe section connection device 14 can then be operated to connect the pipe sections 2 whilst they are aligned to the pipe section connection device 14. In this arrangement, the pipe sections 2 are opposite each other and are facing each other. In the embodiment illustrated and described here, the pipe section connection device 14 is configured to move the pipe sections 2 along their longitudinal axes 2x when the pipe section connection device 14 is configured between the first, pipe section receiving position l4e and the second, pipe section connecting position 14f. In this embodiment, the pipe section connection device 14 is used for fine movement of the pipe sections 2 relative to each other. However, it should be understood that in other embodiments the pipe section connection device 14 need not be configured to move the pipe sections 2.

As shown in Fig. 2a, the pipe support members lOc are arranged to be spaced apart along the longitudinal axis lOx of the base member 10 and the pipe sections 2 are slidably movable within, or on, the pipe support members lOc along their longitudinal axis 2x. Therefore, locating the pipe sections 2 in the pipe support members lOc will result in the longitudinal axes 2x of the pipe sections 2 and the longitudinal axis lOx of the base member 10 being collinear, including when the pipe sections 2 are moved along their longitudinal axis 2x.

As best shown in Figs. 2a and 2d, the pipe support members lOc are arranged to be perpendicular to the planar base lOxz of the base member 10. This helps to ensure that the longitudinal axes 2x, lOx of the pipe sections 2 and the base member 10 are collinear.

The base member 10 is configured to releasably secure the pipe sections 2 thereto at the first and second pipe receiving ends 10a, 10b, and at a central position on the base member 10 by way of the pipe section connection device 14. In this embodiment, the base member 10 includes two pipe securing members 1 Of configured to releasably secure the pipe sections 2 in the pipe support members lOc. The two pipe securing members 10 f are clamps that are releasably attachable to the wall portion lOd of each pipe support member lOc. An actuating mechanism lOg is used to move the pipe securing members lOf relative to the wall portions lOd. The actuating mechanism lOg is a mechanical fastening device. However, it should be understood that the actuating mechanism lOg could be a linear actuator, or the like.

In some embodiments, a first pipe section 2 is secured to the base member 10 using one of the pipe securing members lOf. The pipe section 2 and the base member 10 are then lowered to the sea floor 4 together.

The base member 10 is configured to permit the pipe sections 2 to move relative to the pipe section connection device 14. In the embodiment illustrated and described here, the base member 10 is configured to permit the pipe sections 2 to move into and out of the pipe section connection device 14. In this embodiment, the pipe section connection device 14 is configured to releasably connect the pipe sections 2 together. However, the pipe section connection device 14 could be configured to releasably secure, lock, seal, fix, attach, clamp, hold, clamp and/or fasten the pipe sections 2 together.

As shown in Fig. 2c, the pipe section connection device 14 includes a clamping mechanism l4a having first and second clamping members l4b, l4c. The members l4b, l4c are at least partially cylindrical in shape, and in this embodiment are a pair of opposing collars that are movable relative to each other. The clamping members l4b, l4c are at least partially complimentary in shape to at least a part of the pipe sections 2. Thus, the clamping members l4b, l4c can make contact with at least a part of the pipe sections 2 and are used to seal the pipe sections 2.

The pipe section connection device 14 comprises one or more sensors 14g (see Fig. 2c) that are operable to detect whether the pipe sections 2 are connected. The one or more sensors 14g are used as a pipe connection testing arrangement, and are connectable to the device 20 by way of a relay (an example of a wireless communication device). In this embodiment, the one or more sensors 14g are pressure sensors.

In some embodiments, the one or more sensors 14g are connected to the pipe end members 2h by way of a fluid flow channel located in the flanges of the pipe end members 2h. The pipe section connection device 14 includes fluid flow channels. The fluid flow channels of the pipe section connection device 14 and the pipe end members l4h are arranged to form a fluid flow path when the apparatus 1 is used to connect the pipe sections 2 together. The one or more sensors 14g are operable to measure the pressure of fluid flowing in the fluid flow path, such that the one or more sensors 14g are operable to detect when the pipe end members 2h have been connected together to form a fluidic, or hermetic seal.

The pipe section connection device 14 is operable to move between a first pipe section receiving position l4e (see Figs. 2c and 5b), and a second pipe section connecting position 14f (see Fig. 5d).

In the first pipe section receiving position l4e (see Fig. 2c), the first and second clamping members l4b, l4c are spaced apart to allow the pipe sections 2 to be received by the pipe section connection device 14. In the first, pipe section receiving position l4e, (as shown in Fig. 5b) the pipe sections 2 are not in contact with the pipe section connection device 14. Thus, the pipe section connection device 14 permits unrestricted movement of the pipe sections 2 in the first, pipe section receiving position l4e.

In the second, pipe section connecting position 14f (as shown in Fig. 5d), the first and second clamping members l4b, l4c connect the pipe sections 2 together and further movement of the pipe sections 2 is prevented. In the second, pipe section connecting position l4f, the pipe section connection device 14 engages with and seals the pipes in engagement with each other. In this embodiment, the pipe section connection device 14 is configured to hermetically and/or fluidically seal the pipes together.

As shown in Fig. 2c, the pipe section connection device 14 comprises an actuating mechanism l4d configured to move the clamping mechanism l4a between the first, pipe section receiving position l4e and the second, pipe section connecting position 14f. The actuating mechanism l4d is a linear actuator and is engageable by the device 20. However, it should be understood that the actuating mechanism 14d could be a mechanical fastening device, or the like.

As illustrated in Figs. 5b to 5e, the base member 10 and the device 20 are configured to be releasably engageable, and to releasably interconnect with one another. As described in more detail below, releasably engaging the device 20 and the base member 10, allows for the pipe sections 2 to be moved relative to each other, and in alignment with each other (when the device 20 is engaged with, and locked to the base member 10). Furthermore, when the pipe sections 2 have been connected together, the device 20 can be disengaged from the base member 10, such that the device 20 can be reused.

As shown in Fig. 5c, when engaged with each other, the base member 10 and the device 20 are configured such that their longitudinal axes lOx, 20x, vertical axes lOy, 20y, and their lateral axes lOz, 20z are aligned.

As best shown in Figs. 5b and 5c, the base member 10 and the device 20 include an alignment mechanism 30. The alignment mechanism 30 is configured to align the longitudinal lOx, 20x, vertical lOy, 20y, and lateral axes lOz, 20z of the device 10 and the base member 20 as illustrated in Fig. 5c. The first part 32 of the alignment mechanism 30 is located on the base member 10 and the second part 34 of the alignment mechanism 30 is located on the device 20. The first and second parts 32 and 34 of the alignment mechanism 30 are complimentary in shape and are configured to fit together. The alignment mechanism 30 is configured to align the device 20 to the base member 10 and to the pipe sections 2. Thus, with correct alignment of the device 20 and the base member 10 the pipe sections 2 can be moved relative to each other along their longitudinal axes 2x.

The alignment mechanism 30 comprises one or more alignment members 39a and corresponding alignment ports 39b.

As shown in Figs. 2a to 3d, in the embodiment illustrated and described here, the base member 10 and the device 20 each include first and second alignment mechanisms 30a, 30b. The first alignment mechanism 30a is configured to align the longitudinal axes lOx, 20x and the lateral axes lOz, 20z of the base member 10 and the device 20.

The second alignment mechanism 30b is configured to align the vertical axes lOy, 20y of the base member 10 and the device 20, and it acts as a lockable plug and socket arrangement. Thus, the second alignment mechanism 30b includes a locking mechanism 30c for locking the device 20 to the base member 10. Locking the device 20 to the base member 10 prior to moving the pipe sections 2 mitigates misalignment of the pipe sections 2 when moving the pipe sections 2 from the first, pipe section receiving position to the second, pipe section connecting position, and vice versa.

The first alignment mechanism 30a is formed from four columns 39a (example alignment members) on the base member 10, and corresponding sockets 39b (example alignment ports) on the device 20.

The second alignment mechanism 30b is formed from four sockets 39b (example alignment ports) on the base member 10, and corresponding poles 39a (example alignment members) on the device 20. The four poles and sockets 39a, 39b of the second alignment mechanism 30b form the locking mechanism 30c.

Regarding the base member 10, and as shown in Fig. 2a, the first part 32 of the alignment mechanism 30 is located at the first and second pipe receiving ends lOa, lOb and substantially adjacent to the pipe support members lOc.

As shown in Fig. 2a, the parts of the first and second alignment mechanisms 30a, 30b located on the base member 10 are located substantially adjacent to each other, and the parts of the first and second alignment mechanisms 30a, 30b located on the device 20 are located substantially adjacent to each other.

The base member 10 is configured to provide support to the pipe section connection device 14, which is located between the first and second pipe receiving ends lOa, lOb.

As shown in Fig. 5a, the rigid base member 10 is configured to be locatable on the sea floor 4 and it includes a planar ground engaging base portion lOh. The ground engaging base portion lOh is configured to be engageable with the sea floor 4 and allows the base member 10 to be locatable on the sea floor 4 whilst providing stability to the base member 10 and thus the pipe sections 2. However, it should be understood that in some embodiments the ground engaging base portion lOh could be separate from the base member 10. In this arrangement, the separate ground engaging base portion lOh is engageable with the sea floor 4 and the base member 10 is slidably movable on the ground engaging base portion 10. This allows the base member 10 to be moved relative to the sea floor 4, which assists in the alignment, or movement, of the base member 10. This is particularly useful in minimising residual stress in the pipes when the pipe sections 2 are connected together using the apparatus 1.

The device 20 is submersible and suitable for use in a subsea environment 8, and is controllable by land, rig, or vessel-based operators.

As shown in Figs. 5b to 5e, the device 20 is operable to move the pipe sections 2 relative to each other along the longitudinal axis 1 Ox of the base member 10. In this embodiment, the device 20 is operable to move the pipe sections 2 simultaneously. However, in other embodiments the device 20 could be operable to move the pipe sections 2 independently.

As shown in Figs. 5b to 5e, the device 20 is operable to move the pipe sections 2 towards and away from each other, and towards and away from the pipe section connection device 14, along the longitudinal axis lOx of the base member 10. The device 20 is operable to bring the pipe sections 2 into, and out of, contact with each other and to move the pipe sections 2 between the first, pipe section receiving position l2a and the second, pipe section connecting position 12b.

As shown in fig. 5c, the device 20 is engageable with a portion of each pipe section 2, and is operable to grip, push, and/or pull the pipe sections 2. The device 20 is engageable with the pipe gripping portion 2d of each pipe section 2.

As illustrated in Figs. 3a and 5c the device 20 comprises two pipe gripping members 20a that can engage the pipe gripping portion 2d of each pipe section 2, and particularly the first and second gripping members 2e’, 2e” of the pipe sections 2. The pipe gripping members 20a can, in some embodiments, be considered axial motive power transfer members. Furthermore, in some embodiments the pipe gripping members 20a can be considered to be saddles. The two gripping members 20a of the device 20 are rigid, planar collars. However, it should be understood that the gripping members 20a may be one or more flanges, protrusions, tabs, collars, discs, planar discs, annuluses, annular members, radially protruding members, or the like. The device 20 comprises two pipe accommodating portions 20b (see Fig. 5c), which in this embodiment are formed in the gripping members 20a of the device 20. The pipe accommodating portions 20b allow for a larger contact area between the gripping members 20a of the device 20 and the gripping members 2e\ 2e” of the pipe gripping portion 2d of the pipe sections 2.

As shown in Fig. 5c, the device 20 comprises a gripping member alignment mechanism 20c, formed from one or more guide rails 20d (example alignment members). In this embodiment, the guide rails 20d are L-shaped rails. However, it should be understood that other alignment members 20d could be used to align the pipe gripping members 20a of the device 20. The gripping member alignment mechanism 20c is configured to align the gripping members 20a along the longitudinal 20x, vertical 20y and lateral 20z axes of the device 20. Aligning the gripping members 20a in this arrangement assists in maintaining the contact between the pipe gripping members 20a and the first and second gripping members 2e’, 2e” of the pipe gripping portion 2d.

The device 20 includes one or more stops 20e, as illustrated in fig. 3a, for limiting the movement of the pipe gripping members 20a along the longitudinal axis 20x of the device 20. The stops 20e are formed from one or more L-shaped rails located between the two pipe gripping members 20a of the device 20. However, it should be understood that the stops 20e could be a tab, protrusion, an abutment, or the like.

The device 20 can be moved to be in close proximity to the base member 10 using the lifting apparatus. The device 20 is then movable by the ROV 6 to be in alignment with the pipe sections 2 and the base member 10.

The device 20 includes a planar base 20xz defined by its longitudinal and lateral axes 20x, 20z. The device 20 is operable to align its planar base 20xz with the planar base lOxz of the base member 10.

The device 20 is configured to move and connect, and to disconnect and move, the pipe sections 2. As shown in Fig. 5b and 5c, the device 20 includes an actuating mechanism 20f for moving the pipe sections 2, which in this embodiment is a hydraulic actuator. As illustrated and described here, the actuating mechanism 20f of the device 20 is operable to move the pipe gripping members 20a thereof. In the embodiment illustrated and described here, the device 20 is operable to move the pipe gripping members 20a within the gripping member alignment mechanism 20c.

As shown in Fig. 5d, the device 20 is operable to clamp the pipe sections 2 at the second, pipe section connecting position 12b by configuring the pipe section connection device 14 from the first, pipe section receiving position l4e to the second, pipe section connecting position l4f. However, it should be understood that the device 20 may be operable to secure, connect, lock, fix, seal, hold, clamp the pipe sections 2 at the second, pipe section connecting position l2b. Thus, the device 20 is operable to control the operation of the pipe section connection device 14 and is engageable therewith. The device 20 is also operable to control the actuating mechanism lOg of the pipe securing members l Of of the base member 10. Therefore, in this embodiment, the device 20 is typically used to secure or release the pipe sections 2 to or from the base member 10 at two locations. That is, typically the base member 10 could be preassembled with one pipe section 2 secured in the pipe securing member lOf. However, it should be appreciated that in the embodiment illustrated and described here, the device 20 can be used to secure the pipe sections 2 to the base member 10 at least one location thereon.

The device 20 is movable between a first position, shown in Fig. 5b, in which it is disengaged from the base member 10, and a second position, shown in Figs. 5c and 5d, in which it is engaged with the base member 10 and thus the device 20 is releasably engageable from the base member 10. In this embodiment, the device 20 can be removed from the base member 10 when the pipe sections 2 are connected together. This allows the device 20 to be moved to further base member 10 and pipe section 2 arrangements and used to connect further pipe sections 2. The device 20 is thus reusable and recoverable.

As shown in Figs. 4a and 4b, the apparatus 1 comprises a protection apparatus 40 for protecting, shielding, covering, shrouding, encasing, or obscuring at least a portion of the base member 10 and at least a portion of the pipe sections 2. The protection apparatus 40 could be termed a modular pipe connector protection structure arrangement. The protection apparatus 40 is used primarily to mitigate damage occurring to the base member 10, the pipe section connection device 14 and/or the pipe sections 2 once the pipe sections 2 have been connected. As will be described in more detail below, the protection apparatus 40 is added to the apparatus when the device 20 has been removed from the base member 10 after a completed pipe connection.

In this embodiment, the apparatus 1 includes one protection apparatus 40 for each base member 10, although it will be appreciated that in some embodiments different numbers of base members 10 and protection apparatuses 40 could be used as required.

As shown in Fig. 5g, the protection apparatus 40 comprises a housing 40a configured to accommodate at least a portion of the base member 10 and the pipe sections 2 therein.

As best shown in Figs. 5f and 5g, the protection apparatus 40 is submersible and comprises two ground engaging portions 40b. The protection apparatus 40 is operable to be engaged with the sea floor 4. The protection apparatus 40 is operable to perform soil liquefaction using one or more fluid injectors 40c located adjacent to its ground engaging portions 40b. The fluid injectors 40c are operable to deliver pressurised fluid to the inside and/or the outside of the ground engaging portions 40b.

As described in more detail below, the protection apparatus 40 is removable from the sea floor 4.

Turning to Fig. 5g, the protection apparatus 40 is releasably engageable with, and is configured to be lockable to, the base member 10 by way of a locking mechanism 40d.

As shown in Fig. 4a and 4b, the protection apparatus 40 has a longitudinal, vertical and lateral axis 40x, 40y, 40z and is configured such that at least one of its longitudinal, vertical and lateral axes 40x, 40y, and 40z are aligned to at least one of the longitudinal, vertical and lateral axes lOx, 1 Oy, lOz of the base member 10 when located thereon.

The protection apparatus 40 includes an alignment mechanism 40e configured to engage with the first part 32 of the alignment mechanism 30 of the base member 10. The alignment mechanism 40e of the protection apparatus 40 comprises four sockets 40g (example alignment ports) configured to fit with the four columns 39a of the first part 32 of the alignment mechanism 30 of the base member 10.

The protection apparatus 40 is movable by the lifting apparatus and/or by the ROV 6. The protection apparatus 40 comprises four padeyes 40f (example coupling members) for coupling the protection apparatus 40 to the lifting apparatus. However, it should be understood that the protection apparatus 40 could be movable by another apparatus, such as a land-based crane, or the like. In the embodiment illustrated and described here, the protection apparatus 40 is moved to the sea floor 4 using the lifting apparatus and is then moved into the correct position relative to the base member 10 by the lifting apparatus, optionally with additional movement provided by the ROV 6.

As shown in Figs. 3a and 5b, the apparatus 1 includes a control system 50 operable to control the device 20 by way of a wired connection 50a. As shown in Fig. 7, the control system 50 includes a user interface 50b. Although illustrated in close proximity to the apparatus 1, it should be understood that the control system 50 is designed to be operated by a vessel or land- based operator, and therefore the control system 50 could, at least in some embodiments, be located at a distance from the apparatus 1. The user interface 50b could, in some embodiments, be included within a control console.

An example of how the apparatus 1 may be used will now be provided.

Referring to Fig. 5a, the first step is to position the base member 10 on the sea floor 4 using the lifting apparatus. The ROV 6 may then be used to move the base member 10 into position, if further positional adjustments of the base member 10 are required. As stated above, it should be understood that the base member 10 could, in some embodiments, be positioned on a separate ground engaging base portion lOh. The base member 10 would then typically be slidably engageable on the ground engaging base portion lOh. This allows the position of the base member 10 to be adjusted. For example, the position of the base member 10 can be adjusted, during the pipe section 2 connection process and this may facilitate the uniform distribution of resultant residual tensile forces across the pipe connection device 14. Initially, the pipe section connection device 14 is in the first, pipe section receiving position l4e.

The next step is to position two pipe sections 2 in the pipe support members lOc of the base member 10 using the lifting apparatus. In some embodiments, the lifting apparatus can be connected to the pipe gripping members 2e\ 2e” of the pipe sections 2. The ROV 6 can be used to confirm that the pipe sections 2 are in the correct position. The pipe sections 2 are supported by the base member 10 and optionally by one or more further pipe support members. The pipe sections 2 are positioned in the first, pipe receiving position l2a.

During the next step, as shown in Fig. 5b, the device 20 is then moved from the first, disengaged position to the second, engaged position shown in Fig. 5c. In the second, engaged position, the device 20 is engaged with the base member 10. The position of the device 20 can be adjusted using the ROV 6 until the longitudinal, vertical and lateral axes 20x, 20y, 20z are aligned with the corresponding axes lOx, lOy, lOz of the base member 10 and thus the corresponding axes 2x, 2y, 2z of the pipe sections 2. The device 20 is then lowered into position using the lifting apparatus.

Once the device 20 is aligned to the base member 10, and when the device 20 is lowered onto the base member 10, the locking mechanism 30c of the second alignment mechanism 30b is used to lock the device 20 to the base member 10. In this embodiment, the locking mechanism 30c includes a rotatable plug and a fixed socket, which allows the device 20 to be locked to the base member 10. Locking the device 20 base member 10 improves the stability of the apparatus 1, particularly when moving the pipe sections 2 relative to each other. It should be understood that other locking mechanisms 30c could be used, such as a mechanical fastening means.

As shown in Figs. 5b and 5c, in the first, pipe section receiving position l2a, the gripping members 20a of the device 20 accommodate at least a portion of the pipe sections 2 at a point between the first and second gripping members 2e’, 2e” of the pipe sections 2. This allows the device 20 to subsequently push and displace the second gripping members 2e” towards the pipe section connection device 14, and alternatively to push the first gripping members 2e’ away from the pipe section connection device 14. These movements result in corresponding movement of the pipe sections 2.

As shown in Fig. 5d, the next step is to use the device 20 to move the pipe sections 2 towards the pipe section connection device 14 until the pipe end members 2h are brought into engagement with each other.

The next step is to use the device 20 to configure the pipe section connection device 14 from the first, pipe section receiving position 14e to the second, pipe section connecting position 14f. Thus, the pipe section connection device 14 clamps and secures the pipe sections 2 together. The pipe sections 2 are now hermetically and/or fluidically sealed together.

As shown in Fig. 5e, the locking mechanism 30c of the second alignment mechanism 30b is used to unlock the device 20 from the base member 10. The device 20 can now be lifted from the base member 10 using the lifting apparatus from the second, engaged position to the first, disengaged position. The device 20, if required, can now be used to connect or disconnect further pipe sections 2.

As illustrated in Fig. 5f, the protection apparatus 40 is now engaged with the base member 10 in order to protect, or shield, at least a portion of the base member 10 and the pipe sections 2. The protection apparatus 40 is partially submerged on the sea floor 4 using the ground engaging portion 40b thereof and by using the fluid injectors 40c to carry out soil liquefaction (if necessary), which results in the arrangement shown in Fig. 5g. The protection apparatus 40 is now locked to the base member 10 by using the locking mechanism 40d of the protection apparatus 40.

Turning now to Fig. 6a, an example of how the pipe sections 2 can be disconnected is shown. The first step is to unlock the protection apparatus 40 from the base member 10, and if necessary, soil liquefaction can be performed using the fluid injectors 40c to assist in removing the protection apparatus 40 from the sea floor 4. The protection apparatus 40 is then removed from the base member 10. As shown in Fig. 6b, the next step is to engage the device 20 with the base member 10 in the manner described above. As shown in Figs. 6a to 6f, the steps illustrated in Fig. 5a to 5g are carried out in reverse, in order to disconnect the pipe sections 2 and retrieve the pipe sections 2 and the base member 10 from the sea floor 4.

Fig. 7 illustrates the user interface 50b of the control system 50, which is used to control the operation of the device 20.

Modifications may be made to the foregoing embodiment within the scope of the present invention. For example, although the apparatus 1 is illustrated and described as being suitable for connecting two pipe sections 2 together using a single base member 10 and a single device 20, it should be appreciated that multiple pipe sections 2 could be connected together using multiple base members 10 and devices 20.

A twin lay pipe could be connected together using one base member 10 and one device 20. Likewise, three pipe sections could be connected together using two base members 10 and one device 20.

In some embodiments, the apparatus 1 could comprise one or more base members 10 and one or more devices 20, each base member 10 being configured to receive sections of pipes 2 to be connected and permit movement of the pipe sections 2 between the first, pipe section receiving position l 2a and the second, pipe section connecting position l 2b. Likewise, each device 20 could be configured to move the sections of pipes 2 relative to the base member 10 and to operate the pipe section connection device 14.

It should be understood that in some embodiments the apparatus 1 could be configured to connect two or more sections of pipe 2 together, by way of each base member 10 being configured to receive two or more sections of pipe 2 to be connected.

The parts of the apparatus 1 , particularly the parts of the base member 10, the device 20 and the protection apparatus 40, may be sized to fit different sizes of pipe sections 2. For example, certain parts of the apparatus 1 may be configured to be replaceable by differently sized parts, such that the apparatus 1 can be readily used within different sizes of pipe sections 2. The pipe support members 10c, and the corresponding pipe securing members 1 Of, the pipe connection device 14, and the gripping members 20a of the device 20 may be particularly suited to being modular, plug and play components, to allow the apparatus 1 to be readily used with a range of pipe sections 2. The apparatus 1 can be readily used with a range of pipe sections 2.

Each part of the apparatus 1 may comprise a frame member, lifting member, or the like, to allow the lifting apparatus, or the like, to lift, move, or position the parts of the apparatus 1 relative to each other. It should be understood that each of the parts of the apparatus 1 are movable by a surface crane, and an ROV, or other apparatus for moving the parts of the apparatus 1, can then be used to assist in finely positioning the parts of the apparatus 1 and/or aligning the parts of the apparatus 1 together.

It should be understood that whilst each pipe section 2 includes three pipe segments 2a, 2b, 2c, in some embodiments each pipe section 2 could include one or more pipe segments. For example, the second pipe segment could comprise the pipe gripping portion 2d and the pipe end member 2h. It should also be appreciated that in some embodiments the longitudinal axes of the pipe segments need not be collinear. Furthermore, in some embodiments there may be other components, parts, or pipe segments located between the first and second pipe segments 2a, 2b and the second and third pipe segments 2b, 2c.

In the embodiment illustrated and described here, the alignment mechanism 30 includes a first and second alignment mechanism 30a, 30b, and first and second parts 32, 34 of the alignment mechanism 30. It should be understood that other configurations or arrangements are possible. For example, the first and second parts 32, 34 of the alignment mechanism 30 could be located on the base member 10 and/or the device 20. In some embodiments, the alignment mechanism 30 could include only the first or the second alignment mechanism 30a, 30b. Furthermore, different numbers of, and types of, alignment members and ports 39a, 39b could be used.

The, or each, pipe section may have a diameter of approximately 10 cm to approximately 1,100 cm. However, it should be understood that the apparatus 1 could be configured to receive pipe sections of any suitable size. It should be understood that the device 20 could be a remotely operated device 20 comprising propulsion means for moving the device 20 in the subsea environment 8. That is, the device 20 could be independently movable.