APPARATUS FOR DISPENSING A BEVERAGE

Background of the Invention

[0001] The present invention relates to an apparatus and associated method for dispensing a beverage, and in one example, to an apparatus for dispensing liquid infant formula from a capsule into a nursing bottle.

Description of the Prior Art

[0002] The reference in this specification to any prior publication (or information derived from it), or to any matter which is known, is not, and should not be taken as an acknowledgment or admission or any form of suggestion that the prior publication (or information derived from it) or known matter forms part of the common general knowledge in the field of endeavour to which this specification relates.

[0003] Breast-feeding is the preferred method of feeding infants. However, there are circumstances that make breast-feeding impossible or less desirable. In those cases infant formulae are a good alternative. The composition of modern infant formulae is adapted in such a way that it meets many of the special nutritional requirements of the fast growing and developing infant.

[0004] Infant formula has traditionally been packaged and sold in containers in the form of tins or tubs which allow for safe transport and storage, even after the container has been opened. A quantity of powder is measured out using a scoop into a nursing bottle where it is mixed with an amount of hot or warm water according to the recommendations of the producer.

[0005] Making up a bottle not only involves careful dosing of the powdered formula but also requires a correct amount of water at the correct temperature. If the feed is too hot, the infant may be scalded. If too cold, the infant may be disinclined to drink the full amount. Parents will be aware of the difficulties of cooling an overheated bottle while the baby cries impatiently for its feed. Achieving the correct temperature in a quick and easy manner is therefore of primary importance. [0006] Attempts have been made to provide systems capable of automatically dosing infant formula into nursing bottles and making up the bottles ready for use. One such system is described in EP 1633226 A2, whereby a quantity of powder is dosed into a bottle which is subsequently filled with water. Other systems use capsules of powdered infant formula to ensure a consistent dose. The sealed capsules also ensure that the infant formula may be stored hygienically prior to use. Machines that use such capsules to prepare bottles of infant formula are described in WO2010028282 and WO201142489.

[0007] Although these machines may reduce some of the inconveniences of preparing infant formula, they are nevertheless rather bulky items and occupy considerable space on the already congested kitchen workspace. The bottles are filled in the conventional manner through their necks. The dispensing machines must therefore supply the formula from above necessitating a height sufficient to receive the nursing bottle beneath the outlet.

[0008] It is also known to provide dispensing systems for dispensing other beverages, such as coffee, teas or the like. Again however such dispensing machines are typically bulky and occupy considerable space on the already congested kitchen workspace

Summary of the Present Invention

[0009] In a first broad form the present invention provides apparatus for dispensing liquid beverage, the apparatus including:

a) a capsule holder that in use receives a capsule containing concentrated beverage; b) a mounting that in use receives a receptacle having a base including first and

second fluid conduits;

c) a fluid supply that selectively supplies fluid at first and second temperatures to the capsule via the first conduit to thereby dilute the beverage and supply liquid beverage to the receptacle via the second conduit.

[0010] Typically the mounting is movably mounted to a housing allowing the receptacle to be selectively moved into engagement with the capsule.

[0011] Typically the mounting includes: a) a generally cylindrical shaped mounting body that is movably mounted to a housing; and,

b) a mounting drive that in use moves the mounting body between capsule engaging and capsule disengaging positions.

[0012] Typically the mounting body includes teeth extending circumferentially around an outer surface of the mounting body, wherein the engage a correspondingly toothed annular gear extending circumferentially around the outer surface of the mounting body, and wherein the gear is supported in a recess of the mounting support and coupled to the mounting drive via a worm gear thereby allowing the mounting body to be moved.

[0013] Typically the mounting body is for selectively receiving at least one of:

a) a receptacle; and,

b) an accessory.

[0014] Typically the accessory includes at least one of a steriliser, a food warmer, a food steamer and a food mixer.

[0015] Typically the mounting body includes a seal for sealingly engaging the receptacle.

[0016] Typically the mounting mechanically connects to the receptacle.

[0017] Typically the capsule holder is movably mounted to a housing and wherein the apparatus includes a capsule holder drive to thereby at least partially rotate the capsule holder in a reciprocating manner to thereby agitate contents of the capsule.

[0018] Typically the capsule holder drive is a stepper motor.

[0019] Typically the reciprocating rotation is periodic with a period of between 3 Hz and 20 Hz.

[0020] Typically the capsule holder reciprocatingly rotates the capsule through an angle between 90 ° and 270°.

[0021] Typically the capsule drive is coupled via a drive shaft to a spindle, and wherein the spindle is at least one of: a) magnetically coupled to the cup via respective magnets mounted in the cup and spindle; and,

b) mechanically coupled to the cup using corresponding shaped profiles of the cup and spindle.

[0022] Typically the capsule holder is shaped to cooperate with the capsule to prevent rotational movement of the capsule relative to the capsule holder.

[0023] Typically the fluid supply system includes:

a) a reservoir containing fluid in use;

b) a pump that receives fluid from the reservoir;

c) at least one flow control valve that receives fluid from the pump and selectively outputs fluid to hot and cold fluid conduits;

d) a heater in thermal communication with the hot fluid conduit; and,

e) an outlet port that receives fluid from either the hot or cold fluid conduit and

provides the fluid to the first conduit.

[0024] Typically the outlet port is biased into engagement with an inlet of the first fluid conduit.

[0025] Typically the fluid supply system includes a filter for filing fluid. [0026] Typically the filter is removably mounted within a housing.

[0027] Typically the apparatus includes a controller that controls at least one of:

a) the supply of fluid to the capsule;

b) movement of the receptacle relative to the capsule; and,

c) movement of the capsule holder.

[0028] Typically the controller:

a) causes the fluid supply system to supply heated fluid into the capsule to thereby form a beverage concentrate;

b) uses a capsule holder drive to moves the capsule holder to thereby agitate the beverage concentrate; and, c) causes the fluid supply system to supply unheated fluid into the capsule to thereby urge diluted beverage into the receptacle.

[0029] Typically the controller causes the fluid supply system to supply at least one of air and steam into the capsule to thereby purge the capsule.

[0030] Typically the controller:

a) moves the receptacle into engagement with the capsule thereby causing spikes within the capsule to pierce a capsule lid and engage first and second conduits in the receptacle base;

b) supplies the heated fluid to the capsule via a first conduit;

c) moves the mounting to thereby disengage the receptacle from the capsule;

d) moves the capsule holder so that a paddle within the capsule agitates the

concentrate;

e) moves the mounting to thereby re-engage the receptacle with the capsule; and, f) supplies unheated fluid to the capsule via the first inlet and first outlet.

[0031] Typically the controller:

a) moves the receptacle into engagement with the capsule in a first orientation so that the first and second conduits are in fluid communication with second and first capsule conduits, respectively, during supply of heated fluid; and,

b) moves the receptacle into engagement with the capsule in a second orientation so that the first and second conduits are in fluid communication with first and second capsule conduits, respectively, during supply of at least one of unheated fluid and steam.

[0032] Typically the controller includes an electronic processing device.

[0033] Typically the controller is coupled to at least one sensor for sensing operation of the apparatus and wherein the controller controls the apparatus at least partially in accordance with signals from the sensors.

[0034] Typically the at least one sensor includes a sensor for sensing coded data on a capsule. [0035] Typically the at least one sensor includes a sensor for an accessory.

[0036] In a second broad form the present invention provides apparatus for dispensing liquid beverage, the apparatus including:

a) a housing;

b) a capsule holder that in use receives a capsule containing concentrated beverage; c) a capsule holder drive that moves the capsule holder relative to the housing to thereby at least partially rotates the capsule holder in a reciprocating manner to thereby agitate fluid within the capsule;

d) a mounting that in use receives a receptacle;

e) a fluid supply that selectively supplies fluid to the capsule to thereby dilute the concentrated beverage and supply liquid beverage to the receptacle.

[0037] In a third broad form the present invention provides apparatus for dispensing liquid beverage, the apparatus including:

a) a capsule holder that in use receives a capsule containing concentrated beverage; b) a mounting that in use selectively receives at least one of a receptacle and an

accessory;

c) a fluid supply that:

i) selectively supplies fluid to the capsule to thereby dilute the concentrated beverage and supply liquid beverage to the receptacle; and,

ii) supplies steam to the accessory.

[0038] Typically the accessory includes a steriliser having a steriliser body defining a steriliser cavity, the steriliser body including a fluid conduit for transferring steam from the fluid supply to the steriliser cavity.

[0039] Typically the fluid conduit includes a plurality of outlets for distributing steam within the steriliser cavity.

[0040] Typically the steriliser cavity contains at least one basket for receiving an article to be sterilised in use. [0041] Typically the accessory includes a food mixer having a mixer body defining a mixer cavity and blades rotationally mounted within the cavity, the blades being coupled to a blade drive shaft that mechanically connects to the capsule holder, to thereby allow rotation of the blades within the mixer cavity to be driven by rotation of the capsule holder.

[0042] Typically the blade drive shaft is coupled to a cup insert that mechanically couples to a cup of the capsule holder, thereby allowing the blade drive shaft to be driven by rotation of the cup.

[0043] Typically the accessory includes a food steamer having a steamer body defining a steamer cavity and including a fluid conduit for transferring steam from the fluid supply to the steamer cavity and a steamer tray supported within the steamer cavity in use, the steamer tray being for supporting foods to be steamed.

[0044] Typically the accessory includes a combined food mixer and food steamer including: a) a body defining a cavity;

b) blades rotationally mounted within the cavity, the blades being coupled to a blade drive shaft that mechanically connects to the capsule holder, to thereby allow rotation of the blades within the cavity to be driven by rotation of the capsule holder; and,

c) a fluid conduit for transferring steam from the fluid supply to the cavity; and, d) a steamer tray supported within the cavity in use, the steamer tray being for supporting foods to be steamed.

[0045] Typically steamer tray is supported within the cavity with the blades positioned between the steamer tray and a base of the body.

[0046] In a fourth broad form the present invention provides apparatus for dispensing liquid beverage, the apparatus including:

a) a capsule holder that in use receives a capsule containing concentrated beverage; b) a mounting that in use receives a receptacle;

c) a fluid supply for supplying fluid at first and second temperatures; and, d) a controller that: i) moves the receptacle into engagement with the capsule in a first orientation so that heated fluid is supplied to the capsule; and,

ii) moves the receptacle into engagement with the capsule in a second orientation so at least one of unheated fluid and steam is supplied to the capsule, with liquid beverage being supplied to the receptacle from the capsule.

[0047] In a fifth broad form the present invention provides a controller for an apparatus for dispensing liquid beverage, the apparatus including a capsule holder that in use receives a capsule containing concentrated beverage, a mounting that in use receives a receptacle, and a fluid supply, the controller including an electronic processing device that controls one or more drives that move at least one of the capsule holder and mounting and the fluid supply, to thereby:

a) urge the receptacle into engagement with the capsule;

b) supply fluid at first temperature to the capsule to at least partially dilute the

concentrated beverage;

c) urge the receptacle and capsule out of engagement;

d) reciprocate the capsule to thereby agitate fluid within the capsule;

e) urge the receptacle into engagement with the capsule;

f) supply fluid at second temperature lower than the first temperature to thereby urge liquid beverage into the receptacle.

[0048] In a sixth broad form the present invention provides a capsule for use in apparatus for dispensing liquid beverage, the capsule including:

a) capsule side walls, a capsule base and a pierceable capsule lid defining a capsule cavity containing concentrated beverage; and,

b) first and second capsule conduits that in use selectively couple to first and second conduits in a beverage receptacle so that when the first conduit is coupled to a fluid supply fluid is supplied to the capsule and liquid beverage is supplied to the receptacle.

[0049] Typically the first and second capsule conduits are spaced apart about an axis of the capsule, so that in use the first and second capsule conduits engage either the first or second fluid conduit depending on a relative orientation of the receptacle and capsule. [0050] Typically hot fluid is supplied to the capsule via the second capsule conduit, unheated fluid or steam is supplied to the capsule via the first fluid conduit and the beverage is supplied to the second fluid conduit via the second capsule conduit.

[0051] Typically the first capsule conduit terminates offset from the capsule base adjacent a baffle to thereby direct fluid entering the capsule.

[0052] Typically the second capsule conduit extends substantially along a length of the capsule, and terminates adjacent the capsule base.

[0053] Typically engagement of the second capsule conduit with the capsule base urges first and second capsule conduits through a capsule lid.

[0054] Typically the capsule includes at least one paddle for agitating contents of the capsule.

[0055] Typically the paddle agitates beverage within the capsule cavity upon reciprocating rotation of the capsule.

[0056] Typically the paddle is mounted to a second capsule conduit.

[0057] Typically the paddle covers between 30% to 80% of a vertical cross section of a capsule cavity.

[0058] Typically the capsule is manufactured using thermoforming with an injection moulded insert, and wherein the capsule base, capsule side walls and capsule lid are formed of a common material.

[0059] Typically the capsule includes a least one fluid conduit having a spike that pierces the capsule lid.

[0060] Typically the capsule is at least partially deformable so that in use, during engagement with a bottle, at least one conduit within the capsule at least one of pierces the capsule lid and deforms the capsule base. [0061] Typically at least one of capsule side walls and a capsule rim deform allowing a capsule lid to move towards a capsule base so that, in use, at least one spike pierces the capsule lid.

[0062] Typically at least one of capsule side walls and a capsule rim are thinner to preferentially deform.

[0063] Typically the capsule base deforms so that a portion of the capsule base adjacent the second capsule conduit is offset from other portions of the capsule base.

[0064] Typically the deformation of the capsule base is caused by engagement of the capsule base and a second capsule conduit.

[0065] Typically the deformation of the capsule tensions the capsule lid to thereby assist in piercing the capsule lid.

[0066] Typically the capsule includes a lid engaging plate that engages an underside of a capsule lid and a receptacle base during deformation of the capsule to effect sealing between the capsule and a receptacle.

[0067] In a seventh broad form the present invention provides a capsule for use in apparatus for dispensing liquid beverage, the capsule including capsule side walls, a capsule base and a pierceable capsule lid defining a capsule cavity containing concentrated beverage and wherein the capsule is at least partially deformable so that in use, during engagement with a bottle, at least one conduit within the capsule at least one of pierces the capsule lid and deforms the capsule base.

[0068] In an eighth broad form the present invention provides a capsule for use in apparatus for dispensing liquid beverage, the capsule including:

a) capsule side walls, a capsule base and a pierceable capsule lid defining a capsule cavity containing concentrated beverage; and,

b) at least one fluid conduit provided within the capsule cavity, wherein in use the at least one fluid receives fluid from a fluid supply and supplies beverage to a receptacle; and, c) at least one paddle for agitating contents of the capsule.

[0069] In a ninth broad form the present invention provides a capsule for use in apparatus for dispensing liquid beverage, the capsule including:

a) capsule side walls, a capsule base and a pierceable capsule lid defining a capsule cavity containing concentrated beverage; and,

b) first and second capsule conduits, the first capsule conduit terminating offset from the base of the capsule and wherein the first capsule conduit terminates adjacent a baffle to thereby direct fluid entering the capsule. a tenth broad form the present invention provides a beverage receptacle for use in a beverage, the receptacle including:

a receptacle body defining a receptacle cavity for receiving a liquid beverage; an opening for drinking beverage in the cavity; and,

a receptacle base including first and second conduits, the first fluid conduit being coupled to a fluid supply that selectively supplies fluid to a capsule via the first conduit to thereby dilute beverage contained in the capsule and supply liquid beverage to the receptacle via the second conduit.

[0071] Typically the opening includes at least one of:

a) a lid having an aperture; and,

b) a drinking teat.

[0072] Typically the second fluid conduit includes a one way valve that in use, at least one of:

a) prevents fluid flow from the receptacle to the capsule; and,

b) allows air into the receptacle during consumption of the beverage.

[0073] Typically the one way valve is provided in a base plate mounted between the receptacle base and an opening in the receptacle body.

[0074] Typically the base plate includes a channel defining at least part of the first fluid conduit. [0075] Typically the first conduit includes a first conduit inlet in an outer circumferential perimeter surface of the receptacle base that receives an outlet port of the fluid supply system.

[0076] Typically the receptacle base includes a ridge, so that when the receptacle base and capsule engage, the ridge engages part of the pierceable capsule lid to thereby at least one of: a) selectively deform at least one capsule side wall; and,

b) tension a pierceable capsule lid to thereby assist in piercing the capsule lid.

[0077] In an eleventh broad form the present invention provides an accessory for a beverage dispenser, the accessory including a combined food mixer and food steamer including:

a) a body defining a cavity;

b) blades rotationally mounted within the cavity, the blades being coupled to a blade drive shaft that mechanically connects to a capsule holder of a beverage dispenser apparatus, to thereby allow rotation of the blades within the cavity to be driven by rotation of the capsule holder;

c) a fluid conduit for transferring steam from a fluid supply of the beverage dispenser apparatus to the cavity; and,

d) a steamer tray supported within the cavity in use, the steamer tray being for supporting foods to be steamed.

[0078] It will be appreciated that different features of different forms of the invention can be used independently or in conjunction. For example, the capsule and/or receptacles can be used with the apparatus for dispensing beverages.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0079] An example of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: -

[0080] Figure 1A is a schematic cross sectional view of an example of an apparatus for dispensing beverage;

[0081] Figure IB is a schematic cross sectional view of the apparatus of Figure 1A in a dispensing configuration; [0082] Figure 2A is a schematic cross sectional view of a second example of an apparatus for dispensing beverage in a pre-load configuration;

[0083] Figure 2B is a schematic cross sectional view of the apparatus of Figure 2A in a load configuration;

[0084] Figure 2C is a schematic cross sectional view of the apparatus of Figure 2A in a filling configuration;

[0085] Figure 2D is a schematic cross sectional view of the apparatus of Figure 2A in a mixing configuration;

[0086] Figure 2E is a schematic cross sectional view of the apparatus of Figure 2A in a dispensing configuration;

[0087] Figure 3A is a schematic first side view of a first specific example of an apparatus for dispensing beverage;

[0088] Figure 3B is a schematic second side view of the apparatus in Figure 3A with a mounted bottle;

[0089] Figure 3C is a schematic plan view of an example of the mounting body of Figure 3A;

[0090] Figure 3D is a schematic perspective view of the mounting body of Figure 3C;

[0091] Figure 3E is a schematic end view of the mounting body of Figure 3C;

[0092] Figure 3F is a schematic side view of an example of the capsule holder and spindle of Figure 3A;

[0093] Figure 3G is a schematic perspective view of the capsule holder and spindle of Figure 3F;

[0094] Figure 3H is a schematic underside view of the capsule holder of Figure 3F;

[0095] Figure 31 is a schematic plan view of the spindle of Figure 3F;

[0096] Figure 3J is a schematic perspective underside view of the capsule holder of Figure 3F;

[0097] Figure 3K is a schematic perspective plan view of the spindle of Figure 3F;

[0098] Figure 4A is a schematic side view of an example of a receptacle in the form of a nursing bottle;

[0099] Figure 4B is a second schematic side view of the receptacle of Figure 4A;

[0100] Figure 4C is a schematic perspective view of the receptacle of Figure 4A with the base removed; [0101] Figure 4D is a schematic underside view of an example of the receptacle base;

[0102] Figure 4E is a schematic cross sectional view of the receptacle base;

[0103] Figure 4F is a schematic plan view of an example of the receptacle base;

[0104] Figure 4G is a schematic cross sectional view of the receptacle base of Figure 4F along the line A- A' of Figure 4B;

[0105] Figure 4H is a schematic underside view of the receptacle base of Figure 4F;

[0106] Figures 41 and 4J are schematic perspective and plan views of an example of a receptacle base and mounting prior to engagement;

[0107] Figures 4K and 4L are schematic perspective and plan views of an example of a receptacle base and mounting in engagement;

[0108] Figure 4M is a schematic perspective view of a second example of a receptacle in the form of a nursing bottle;

[0109] Figure 4N is a schematic cross sectional view of the base of the bottle of Figure 4M;

[0110] Figure 5A is a schematic perspective view of a specific example of a capsule for use with the apparatus of Figure 3;

[0111] Figure 5B is a second schematic perspective view of the capsule of Figure 5A with the lid removed;

[0112] Figure 5C is a schematic cross sectional view of the capsule of Figure 5A;

[0113] Figure 5D is a schematic perspective view of an example of an insert of the capsule of

Figure 5A;

[0114] Figure 5E is a schematic perspective view of a second example of an insert of the capsule of Figure 5A;

[0115] Figure 5F is a schematic plan view of the capsule of Figure 5A showing cross section planes A-A' and B-B';

[0116] Figures 5G and 5H are schematic cross sectional views along the lines A-A' and B-B' respectively, prior to engagement with a receptacle base;

[0117] Figures 51 and 5J are schematic cross sectional views along the lines A-A' and B-B' respectively, at the point of engagement with a receptacle base;

[0118] Figures 5K and 5L are schematic cross sectional views along the lines A-A' and B-B' respectively, during engagement with a receptacle base; [0119] Figures 5M and 5N are schematic cross sectional views along the lines A-A' and B-B' respectively, at full engagement with a receptacle base;

[0120] Figures 50 and 5P are schematic view of a capsule showing data encoded on the capsule;

[0121] Figure 6A is a schematic side view of a second specific example of an apparatus for dispensing beverage;

[0122] Figure 6B is a schematic side view of the apparatus in Figure 6A with a mounted bottle in a raised position;

[0123] Figure 6C is a schematic side view of the apparatus in Figure 6A with a mounted bottle in a lowered position;

[0124] Figure 7A is a schematic diagram of an example of the fluid supply system;

[0125] Figures 7B to 7D are schematic diagrams of the operation of the fluid supply system of Figure 7 A;

[0126] Figures 7E to 7G are schematic diagrams of the operation of a second example of a fluid supply system;

[0127] Figure 8A is a schematic side view of an example of a steriliser accessory;

[0128] Figure 8B is a schematic perspective view of the steriliser accessory of Figure 8A;

[0129] Figure 8C is a schematic perspective exploded view of the steriliser accessory of Figure 8A;

[0130] Figure 8D is a schematic cross sectional view of the steriliser accessory of Figure 8A;

[0131] Figure 9A is a schematic perspective exploded view of a steamer with integrated mixer;

[0132] Figure 9B is a schematic side view of the steamer of Figure 9A;

[0133] Figure 9C is a schematic perspective view of the steamer of Figure 9A;

[0134] Figure 9D is a schematic cross sectional view of the steamer of Figure 9A; and,

[0135] Figure 9E is a schematic cross sectional view of the steamer of Figure 9A coupled to the dispensing apparatus of Figure 3A.

Detailed Description of the Preferred Embodiments

[0136] An example of an apparatus for dispensing a beverage will now be described with reference to Figures 1A and IB. [0137] In this example, the dispensing apparatus 100 includes an optional housing 110, a mounting 120, a capsule holder 130 and a fluid supply system 140. In use, the capsule holder 130 receives a capsule 150 containing a concentrated beverage, whilst the mounting 120 receives a receptacle 160, such as a nursing bottle, including first and second fluid conduits 161, 162, as shown in Figure IB. The fluid supply 140, selectively supplies fluid to the capsule 150 via the first conduit 161, to thereby form a liquid beverage from the beverage concentrate and supply liquid beverage to the receptacle 160, via the second conduit 162.

[0138] The capsule 150 typically includes at least one capsule side wall 151, a capsule base 152 and a pierceable capsule lid 153 defining a capsule cavity 154, which contains the concentrated beverage, although other arrangements may be used. The capsule side walls and base 151, 152 can be made of any suitable material, such as a thin plastic, or the like, whilst the capsule lid 153 can be made of a single or multi-layer film that can be pierced, ruptured or removed to access the contents.

[0139] The concentrated beverage may be in liquid, powder or any other available form, and typically includes a quantity corresponding to a single dose of liquid beverage, so that the capsules can be provided as single use capsules. The nature of the beverage will depend upon the particular application. In the current application in which the receptacle is a nursing bottle, the beverage concentrate is typically a powdered infant formula, which when diluted with a suitable quantity of water results in a single dose of liquid infant formula. However, it will be appreciated that the techniques can be applied to any suitable beverage, such as teas, coffees, medicated formulations, or nutritional drinks, including pregnancy drinks, breast feeding formulations, isotonic drinks, nutritional drinks for elderly people, or the like, and reference to infant formula is not intended to be limiting. Additionally, the beverage can be formed through a variety of processes, including diluting, reconstituting, infusing, or the like, and reference to diluting is not intended to be limiting.

[0140] The receptacle 160 can be of any suitable form and would typically include a receptacle base 163 containing the first and second fluid conduits 161, 162, a receptacle body 164 defining a receptacle cavity 165 for receiving the liquid beverage, and an opening, which may be covered with a lid having an aperture, for allowing the beverage to be consumed from the receptacle cavity 165. In the current example, in which the receptacle 160 is a nursing bottle, the opening includes a drinking teat 166, and it will be appreciated that in this instance, the nursing bottle can be of a similar form to existing nursing bottles, albeit with a modified base 163. However, other receptacles, such as cup, travel mugs, or the like, could also be used.

[0141] Additionally, in alternative examples, the receptacles 160 can be replaced with, or interchanged with, accessories that can be used for other functions other than dispensing a beverage, such as sterilising articles, mixing, steaming or blending food, or the like, as will be described in more detail below.

[0142] In use, liquid beverage can be produced by simply inserting a capsule 150 into the capsule holder 130 and providing the receptacle 160 in the mounting 120. The fluid supply 140 is then used to supply a fluid, such as water, into the capsule 150, allowing beverage to be dispensed.

[0143] In one example, this process is typically performed by selectively supplying fluid at first and second temperatures, so that for example hot water can be used to ensure the beverage is entirely dissolved, or brewed in the case of tea, before cold or unheated water is optionally supplied to form liquid beverage having a desired concentration and temperature. Additionally, by supplying the hot water at a suitable temperature, such as at least 70°C, or even up to 90°C or above, this can assist in ensuring any bacteria within the concentrate are killed, thereby helping ensure sterility of the resulting beverage. The cold water can be at room temperature, or optionally chilled to below room temperature, depending on the implementation. The liquid beverage can be dispensed solely through the delivery of the hot and/or cold water, although additionally gaseous fluids, such as steam or air may be provided into the capsule 150 to purge the capsule and complete filling of the receptacle 160.

[0144] By providing fluid conduits in the base 163 of the receptacle 160, this allows fluid to be supplied to and received from the capsule via the pierceable lid, which may be pierced using spikes, fluid pressure, or any other appropriate mechanism, whilst the receptacle 160 is filled via the base 163. This provides a "bottom-up" filling approach in which the receptacle 160 is filled from the base 163 upwards. This minimises the size of housing 110 required, for example by avoiding the need to accommodate the entire receptacle 160 within the dispensing apparatus 100 as occurs in traditional "top-down" arrangements, allowing the dispensing apparatus 100 to be provided as a more portable device.

[0145] In the case of dispensing infant formula into a nursing bottle, the teat can be attached to the receptacle 160 in advance of filling and once the formula is dispensed to the receptacle, the infant may be fed directly without further manipulation of the bottle being required.

[0146] A further benefit of the arrangement is that the beverage is only ever in contact with the capsule 150 and receptacle 160, minimising sterilisation requirements for the dispensing apparatus 100. Furthermore, transferring of fluid to and from the capsule, only ever occurs via the lid, which in use is provided in an upward facing orientation, thereby minimising the chance of leaks and spillage. Furthermore, the ability to access the concentrate is limited as the capsule can be inserted into the dispensing apparatus 100 in a sealed configuration, thereby ensuring that beverage quality is maintained.

[0147] A second example, apparatus for dispensing beverage will now be described with reference to Figures 2A to 2E. In this example, similar reference numerals increased by 100 are used to denote similar features to the example of Figures 1A and IB.

[0148] In this example, the mounting 220 is movably mounted to the housing 210 allowing the receptacle 260 to be selectively moved into engagement with the capsule 250. This can be achieved using a variety of arrangements, and in one example, the mounting 220 includes a generally cylindrical shaped mounting body 221 that is movably mounted to the housing 210. A mounting drive 222, such as a worm drive motor, is coupled to the mounting body 221, so that in use, the mounting body 221 can be moved between capsule engaging and capsule disengaging positions, as will be described in more detail below.

[0149] However, it will be appreciated that in alternative examples, movement may not be required, for example if the receptacle 260 engages the capsule 250 during coupling of the receptacle 260 to the mounting 220.

[0150] The receptacle 260 typically mechanically connects to the mounting 220, for example through the use of an interference fit, friction fit, clip fit, bayonet coupling or the like, with the mounting body 221. This can assist in providing a stable structure which will not be easily knocked-over and ensuring appropriate engagement between the receptacle 260 and capsule 250. The mechanical connection can also be used to align the receptacle 260 within the mounting 220, to thereby ensure correct alignment of the receptacle 260 and capsule 250, in use. In this regard, the mounting 220 can also include a sensor (not shown) for sensing engagement of the receptacle 260 and mounting 220, to prevent the apparatus operating if the receptacle is not present or correctly installed, thereby preventing incorrect functioning of the apparatus 200.

[0151] The capsule holder 230 is typically movably mounted to the housing 210 so that the capsule can be agitated, which assists in ensuring complete mixing of the concentrated beverage and fluid delivered into the capsule. In one example, the capsule holder 230 includes a closed ended generally cylindrical cup 231 for receiving the capsule 250, and a capsule holder drive 232 that at least partially rotates the cup 231 in a reciprocating manner to thereby agitate contents of the capsule 250, such as any fluid, beverage concentrate, or the like. The capsule holder drive 232 may be of any appropriate form, and can include a controllable stepper motor, or motor and crank system, to allow rotational movement to be converted into reciprocating rotational movement. To assist in ensuring rotation is translated to the capsule 250, the capsule 250 and cup 231 can be shaped to cooperate so as to prevent relative rotational movement of the capsule 250 relative to the capsule holder 230, as will be described in more detail below.

[0152] The capsule holder 230 may also include a capsule sensor (not shown) for sensing whether a capsule has been correctly inserted into the capsule holder, allowing operation to be halted in the event of incorrect insertion. Additionally, or alternatively, the capsule sensor could be used to detect a type of beverage being dispensed, allowing the delivery of fluid into the capsule to be controlled accordingly, for example by controlling the volume and/or temperature of fluid being delivered, as will be described in more detail below.

[0153] The cup 231 may include a concave depression 231.1 in a cup base, for assisting in guide deformation of the capsule base 252, as will be described in more detail below.

[0154] In this example, the capsule 250 includes first and second capsule conduits 255, 256 that in use selectively coupled to the first and second conduits 261, 262 when the receptacle 260 is in engagement with the capsule 250. This allows the fluid to be supplied into the capsule 250 via the first and/or second capsule conduit 255, 256, and liquid beverage to be dispensed from the capsule 250 via the second capsule conduit 256.

[0155] The first and second capsule conduits 255, 256 are generally parallel and spaced apart about a central axis of the capsule 250, so that if the capsule is rotated 180°, the first and second capsule conduits 255, 256 swap position. This allows the first and second capsule conduits 255, 256 to be provided in fluid communication with the second and first fluid conduits 262, 261, for example during supply of heated fluid, or in fluid communication with the first and second fluid conduits 261, 262, for example during supply of unheated fluid or steam.

[0156] The first capsule conduit 255 is typically shorter than the second capsule conduit 256, and terminates nearer the capsule lid 253 than the capsule base 252, whereas the second capsule conduit 256 extends substantially along a length of the capsule 250, and terminates adjacent the capsule base 252. However, it will be appreciated that other arrangements could be used, such as providing the first and second capsule conduits as respective channels within a common conduit or tube.

[0157] The first and second capsule conduits 255, 256 typically include respective spikes 255.1, 256.1, formed from an angled end of the capsule conduits 255, 256. In use, the spikes 255.1, 256.1 pierce the capsule lid 253, allowing the first and second capsule conduits 255, 256 to engage the first and second conduits 261, 262. To achieve this, the capsule 250 can be at least partially deformable, for example by having capsule side walls 251 deform, so that when the capsule 250 and receptacle 260 engage, the capsule lid 253 moves towards the capsule base 252 and the spikes 255.1, 256.1 pierce the capsule lid 253. However, it will be appreciated that alternative arrangements could be used, for example to provide spikes on the first and second conduits 261, 262.

[0158] In one example, at least part of the capsule base 252 deforms, due either to pressure in the capsule 250, or engagement of the base 252 and the second capsule conduit 256, so that a portion of the base adjacent the second capsule conduit 256 is offset from other portions of the base to thereby form a depression 252.1 adjacent the second capsule conduit 256, as will be described in more detail below. Engagement of the second capsule conduit 256 with the capsule base 253 can also assist in urging the first and second capsule conduits 255, 256 through the capsule lid 254. However, it will be appreciated that this is not essential.

[0159] The capsule 250 also includes a paddle 257 for agitating beverage within the capsule cavity 254, with the paddle typically being mounted to at least the second capsule conduit 256. In this example, the first capsule conduit 255 is also coupled to the paddle 257 and terminates offset from the capsule base 252, adjacent a baffle 258, which acts to direct fluid entering the capsule 250. It will be appreciated from this, that the first and second capsule conduits 255, 256, the paddle 257 and baffle 258 can be formed as a common insert into the capsule, and need not be discrete separate components.

[0160] As mentioned above, the receptacle 260 is similar in form to existing receptacles, and therefore includes a receptacle base 263, receptacle body 264 defining a receptacle cavity 265 for receiving the beverage, and an opening, in this case including a lid in the form of a teat 266. The receptacle base 263 is modified compared to traditional receptacle bases and includes the first and second conduits 261, 262. Accordingly the receptacle 260 can be made of any suitable material, and made in any suitable manner, such as by connecting individual components or creating an integral receptacle, as will be appreciated by persons skilled in the art.

[0161] The second fluid conduit 262 typically includes a one way valve (not shown) to prevent fluid flow from the receptacle 260 to the capsule 250, with the one way valve being opened either by engagement with the second capsule conduit 256 of the capsule 250, as a result of fluid pressure in the second capsule conduit 256, or a pressure differential between the receptacle cavity 265 and the second fluid conduit 262. The one way valve can be of any suitable form, and in one example is a duck-bill valve, diaphragm valve, flap valve or the like. In one example, the valve 267 is mounted in a base plate between the receptacle base 263 and an opening in the receptacle body 264, in which case the base plate can include a channel defining at least part of the first fluid conduit 261, as will be described in more detail below. [0162] In this example, the fluid supply system 240 includes a reservoir 241, containing a fluid, typically water, for diluting or infusing the concentrated beverage. The reservoir 241 may be removed for filling or filled in-situ, for example via a suitable opening. The reservoir 241 is connected to a pump 242 that receives fluid from the reservoir 241 and pumps this to a flow control valve 243. The flow control valve 243 transfers the fluid to either cold or hot fluid conduits 246, 247, which are in turn connected to an outlet port 245. The outlet port 245 is coupled to the mounting body 221, thereby allowing fluid to be provided to the first conduit 261 via a first conduit inlet 261.1 provided in an outer circumferentially perimeter surface of the base 263. A heater 244 is provided in thermal communication with the hot fluid conduit 247, allowing cold or heated water to be delivered to the capsule 250, depending on the particular setting of the flow control valve 243.

[0163] The fluid supply system 240 can incorporate a filter, such as an anti-microbial filter, to assist in maintaining the quality of fluid delivered to the receptacle 260, although alternatively this could be incorporated into the capsule 250. If provided as part of the fluid supply system 240, the filter is typically removably mounted within the housing 210, allowing this to be periodically replaced or reconditioned, as required. The fluid supply system 240 can also be adapted to generate steam for sterilising the dispensing apparatus 200, or receptacle 260, or purging the capsule 250, as will be described in more detail below.

[0164] Typically operation of the apparatus is controlled at least in part using a controller 270, which can control one or more of the fluid supply 240, the mounting 220 and the capsule holder 230, for example to selectively supply fluid to the capsule 250, to move the receptacle 260 relative to the capsule 250, or to move the capsule holder 230 to agitate the capsule 250.

[0165] To achieve this, the controller 270 is typically coupled to the mounting drive 222, the capsule holder drive 232, the pump 242, the flow control valve 243 and the heater 244. The controller 270 may also optionally be coupled to one or more sensors (not shown) for sensing operation of the apparatus 200, such as the temperature or volume of fluid supplied to the capsule 250, the presence, absence or type of capsule 250, or the presence, absence or type of receptacle 260. [0166] In the case of making infant formula, the controller 270, causes the fluid supply system 240 to supply heated fluid into the capsule 250 to thereby form slurry from the beverage concentrate. However, when producing other drinks such as tea, this may involve infusing leaves to form the liquid beverage, in which case, slurry may not result.

[0167] The controller 270 then moves the capsule holder 230 to thereby agitate the slurry, or other contents, before using the fluid supply system 240 to supply unheated fluid into the capsule to thereby urge diluted infant formula into the receptacle 260. In particular, as the capsule 250 fills, the pressure rises until the liquid beverage is forced upwards via the second capsule conduit 256, through the second conduit 256 and one-way valve, and into the receptacle 260. The controller 270 may also cause the fluid supply system to supply steam or air into the capsule 250 to thereby purge the capsule and optionally sterilise the apparatus. Air or steam may also be delivered into the capsule at other stages, such as between delivery of hot and cold water, for example to purge the fluid conduits.

[0168] The controller 270 is typically any form of electronic control system that is capable of generating control signals for controlling the drives 222, 232, and fluid supply system 240. In one example, the controller 270 can be any form of electronic processing device such as a microprocessor, microchip processor, logic gate configuration, firmware optionally associated with implementing logic such as an FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array), or any other electronic device, system or arrangement capable of generating control signals and optionally receiving and interpreting signals from any sensors. The controller 270 may also include other components such as a memory, an input/output (I/O) device, such as input buttons and/or display, or the like. The controller 270 may also include an optional external interface for allowing connection to remote devices, such as computer systems or the like, to allow the apparatus 200 to be maintained, updated, or controlled.

[0169] Example operation of the apparatus 200 will now be described in more detail.

[0170] In this example, the user initially provides the apparatus in a load configuration shown in Figure 2B by inserting a capsule 250 into the cup 231, and positioning the receptacle 260 in the mounting body 221. In this regard, the cup 231 and capsule have complimentary shapes to ensure the capsule 250 is mounted within the cup 231 in a desired orientation. Similarly, the receptacle base 263 and mounting body 221 are configured to ensure the receptacle 260 is correctly orientated both with respect to the capsule 250 and the housing 210, thereby ensuring the fluid conduits 261, 262 correctly couple to the capsule 250 and the fluid supply system 240.

[0171] The user then activates the controller 270, for example by pushing an input button (not shown). The electronic processing device of the controller 270 typically executes instructions stored in the memory, allowing the apparatus 200 to be controlled in accordance with a predetermined set of operating instructions. For example, the controller 270 could be adapted to prepare a different volume or temperature of the beverage, depending on particular parameters stored in memory. One example of this is in the case of different ages of infant, in which feed amount requirements and particular formula used may vary. Similarly, different beverages will typically have different water supply and/or mixing requirements. Accordingly, the controller 270 can store different parameters, allowing beverages to be dispensed differently for specific requirements.

[0172] In one example, the user may be required to select a predetermined operation, such as preparation of a particular beverage, allowing the controller 270 to automatically determine the parameters. Alternatively, the user may specify or override parameters using appropriate inputs, for example to manually control the volume, dose and/or temperature of the dispensed beverage.

[0173] In a further example, the controller 270 can be coupled to a sensor for sensing coded data, such as a barcode or the like, provided on the capsule 250. In this example, when beverage is to be prepared, the coded data is sensed, for example during or following insertion of the capsule 250 into the capsule holder 230. The controller 270 then uses the coded data to determine operating parameters, for example by retrieving parameters from memory or decoding these from the coded data.

[0174] In a further example, the controller 270 can also be adapted to operate the apparatus 200 to function with other accessories, such as a steriliser, food warmer, food steamer, drink maker, sterile water dispenser, beaker, blender, food mixer, milkshake maker, or the like. These accessories can be adapted to be coupled to the mounting, allowing steam and/or heated fluid to be supplied thereto as required. Additionally, in the case of a food mixer, the mixer may include blades mounted on a shaft that is driven by the capsule holder drive 232, in use, as will be described in more detail below.

[0175] Accordingly, the controller 270 can be coupled to a sensor for sensing the type of receptacle 260 and/or accessory mounted to the apparatus. In this regard, coded data could be used, such as a barcode or the like, provided on the receptacle 260 or receptacle base 263. However, alternative mechanism, such as the use of RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) tags mounted on the receptacle 260 or accessory, and a correspondence detector in the housing 210. In this example, controller 270 uses an indication of the sensed receptacle 260 or other accessory to control the operation of the apparatus, based on determined operating parameters.

[0176] In any event, it will be appreciated that the controller 270 can automatically control the temperature and volume of the fluid delivered, the mixing time or extent, or any other parameters associated with the process, ensuring the beverage is appropriately prepared and optionally, that other accessories are operated correctly.

[0177] In one example, once activated, the controller 270 optionally senses whether the capsule 250 and receptacle 260 have been mounted correctly, and if not can provided an error indication, via an appropriate output, such as an LED (Light Emitting Diode) or the like, allowing the user to correct the capsule and/or receptacle placement. The controller 270 may also determine operating parameters either based on user inputs and/or sensing of the capsule 250 and/or receptacle 260. In one example, this is achieved by sensing data printed on the capsule side walls 251 during rotation of the capsule 250, as will be described in more detail below.

[0178] Once correctly positioned, the controller 270 activates the mounting drive 222, thereby lowering the mounting body 221 into a filling configuration shown in Figure 2C. In this example, the mounting body 221 is lowered towards the capsule 250, however it will be appreciated that in an alternative arrangement, the capsule holder 230 could be raised towards the receptacle 260, although in general this would be more complex as it would require that the capsule holder drive accommodate the movement. [0179] During this process, the receptacle 260 moves into engagement with the capsule 250, thereby causing deformation of at least the capsule side walls 251 so that the spikes on the first and second capsule conduits 255, 256 pierce the capsule lid 253 and engage the second and first fluid conduits 262, 261 in the receptacle base 263, respectively. The capsule base 252 may also deform, for example due to movement of the second capsule conduit 256 towards the capsule base 252, or due to an increase in pressure within the capsule 250. This causes a portion 252.1 of the capsule base 252 adjacent the second capsule conduit 256 to be offset from than other portions of the base 252, defining a concave depression adjacent the second capsule conduit 256, so that fluid pools in the bottom of the capsule 250 adjacent the second capsule conduit 256.

[0180] Next, the controller 270 activates the pump 242, the flow control valve 243 and heater 244 so that heated fluid is supplied to the capsule 250, via the hot fluid conduit 247, the outlet port 245, the first fluid conduit 261, and second capsule conduit 256, as shown by the arrow 271. In this case of infant formulas, as the heated fluid mixes with the infant formula concentrate, infant formula slurry is formed. The temperature and volume of the fluid may be set so as to facilitate this process, and may therefore depend on factors such as the nature of the infant formula concentrate. In one example, the fluid is heated to at least 70°C, and more optionally at least 90°, although other temperatures may be used, depending on the particular operating parameters.

[0181] As the heated fluid enters the capsule through the second capsule conduit 256, excess pressure may be vented into the receptacle 260, via the first capsule conduit 255 and second fluid conduit 262.

[0182] After the heated fluid has been supplied, the controller 270 causes the mounting body 221 to be raised into the mixing configuration shown in Figure 2D. The capsule 250 is retained in the capsule holder 230 using any suitable technique such as friction between the capsule 250 and cup 231, by having a retaining clip, or the like. Alternatively, this could be caused by pressure in the capsule 250 urging the capsule 250 and receptacle 260 apart, so as the mounting body 221 is raised, the capsule 250 and receptacle 260 will disengage. [0183] Once the receptacle 260 has been raised, the controller 270 activates the mounting drive 232, causing the cup 231 and hence the capsule 250 to be rotated in a reciprocating manner. This causes one or more paddles 257 to agitate the slurry made from the fluid and beverage concentrate, to thereby cause mixing and hence ensure even and complete dilution of the beverage concentrate.

[0184] The extent of rotation can vary depending on the beverage being formed. In one example this is between 40° and 320°, between 90° and 270°, and more typically between 180° and 270°. Additionally, rotation can be effected periodically, starting and stopping with a predetermined frequency, such as between 3 and 20 Hz and more typically 5 Hz. The use of reciprocating and/or periodic rotational movement in combination with a paddle 257 is particularly advantageous as reversal of motion causes additional agitation to enhance mixing. It will also be appreciated that the use of the stepper motor allows the capsule to be rotated in angular increments, such as 18° increments, dependant on the motor configuration.

[0185] It will also be appreciated that with some beverages mixing may not be required, and reference to mixing is not therefore intended to be limiting.

[0186] After mixing for a predetermined amount of time determined from parameter stored in memory, the controller 270 realigns the capsule 250 and receptacle 260, in this example, with the first and second capsule conduits 255, 256 aligned with the first and second conduits 261, 262 and lowers the mounting body 221, to provide the apparatus in a dispensing configuration shown in Figure 2E. It will be appreciated that in this configuration, the capsule 250 is rotated 180° relative to when the capsule 250 is in the filling configuration shown in Figure 2C.

[0187] During this process, the controller 270 may optionally monitor sensors to ensure the capsule 250 and receptacle 260 are correctly aligned, with the process being halted in the event that a misalignment is detected.

[0188] At this point, the controller activates the pump 242 and flow control valve 243 to cause unheated fluid to be supplied to the first capsule conduit 255 via the cold fluid conduit 246, as shown by the arrow 272. As fluid enters the capsule, it impinges on the baffle 258 and is deflected outwardly from a centre of the capsule 250, as shown by the arrows 273. This helps ensure even mixing of the fluid and beverage concentrate. As the capsule 250 fills with fluid, diluted beverage is urged through the second capsule conduit 256 and into the receptacle 260, as shown by the arrow 274.

[0189] Following this, the controller 270 can adjust the flow control valve 243 and activate the heater 244, to cause steam to be dispensed into the capsule 250, via the hot fluid conduit 247. The steam pressure acts to purge the capsule 250, urging any remaining beverage into the receptacle 260 via the second capsule conduit 256. In this regard, it will be appreciated that the deformed base portion 252.1 of the capsule 250 causes fluid to pool near the second capsule conduit 256, whilst steam is urged outwardly by the baffle 258. This prevents uneven and excessive heating of any of the remaining formula, whilst maximising the amount of formula that is dispensed from the capsule 250. This is important in ensuring the correct dose is delivered, and to prevent formula left in capsules from spoiling and creating a health hazard. This process further operates to sterilise the equipment, as will be described in more detail below.

[0190] The controller 270 can also be adapted to record information derived from signals from any sensors, such as information regarding fluid temperatures and flows, operation performed, receptacle used, and/or drink type dispensed, as well as any fault conditions, such as problems in alignment of receptacle 260 and capsule 250, or in mounting the receptacle 260. This can be used for example to provide a log of operations, which can assist in identification of faults, or misuse, as well as to monitor usage of any filter. In one example, the time for which the filter has been used, or fitted to the apparatus 200, or the amount of water flowing through the filter, or number of times the filter is used can allow the controller to determine when the filter needs to be replaced. In the event that the filter requires replacement, the controller 270 can generate an indication, such as displaying a filter replace indication, and/or halt operation of the apparatus.

[0191] A specific example of an apparatus for dispensing beverage will now be described with reference to Figures 3 A and 3B.

[0192] In this example the apparatus 300, includes a housing 310 including a lower housing portion 311 and an upper housing portion 312 defining a reservoir 341. The lower housing portion 311 includes a mounting support 313, capsule holder drive support 314 and a cup support 315, which are utilised for supporting the mounting 320 and capsule holder 330. The housing 310 and supports 313, 314, 315 can be made of any appropriate materials, such as plastics, including but not limited to polyvinylchloride, polyethylene, polypropylene and polycarbonate, and can be integrally formed or made of separate interconnected components, depending on the preferred implementation.

[0193] The apparatus 300 includes a mounting body 321, in the form of a generally cylindrical tubular plastic body. The mounting body 321 may also include a rubber ring for engaging the base 363 of the receptacle 360 to assist retain the receptacle 360 in position. This may further provide a sealing function to prevent egress of liquids, for example in the event that the capsule 350 and receptacle 360 fail to engage correctly.

[0194] The receptacle 360 is also typically secured so as to ensure the receptacle base 363 is held in a particular orientation, thereby aligning the first and second conduits 361 with the first and second capsule conduits 355, 356 of the capsule, and with an outlet port 345 of the fluid supply system. In one particular example, this can be achieved through a bayonet coupling and/or engagement of the outlet port 345 with the base 363.

[0195] In one example, the mounting body 321 is configured as shown in Figures 3C to 3E, to include a generally annular wall 321.1, which in use receives the receptacle base 363. The annular wall 321.1 includes four circumferentially spaced mounting flanges 321.2 extending radially inwardly from an inner surface of the wall 321.1, which in use engage corresponding base flanges extending outwardly from the receptacle base 363, as will be described in more detail below, thereby retaining the receptacle base 363 in a desired position and orientation, in use.

[0196] The mounting body 321 also includes an outlet port housing 321.3, extending upwardly from the annular wall 321.1. The outlet port 345 may be movably mounted within the outlet port housing 321.3, allowing the outlet port 345 to be urged into sealing engagement with the first conduit, for example, by biasing the outlet port 345 into sealing engagement with an inlet of the first conduit using a spring or the like, or by actively moving the outlet port during movement of the mounting body 321. This can be used to ensure effective transfer of fluid to the first conduit.

[0197] The mounting body 321 may also include a number of sensors, such as micro- switches, provided at specific locations on or adjacent to the annular wall 321.1. In one example, the micro- switches are adapted to engage shaped portions of the receptacle base, so that the micro- switches are selectively actuated depending on the configuration of the receptacle base. This can be used to allow different configurations of receptacle base to be encoded using different shapes, so that each configuration actuates a respective combination of micro-switches, thereby allowing the controller to ascertain a receptacle type, such as whether the receptacle is a cup, bottle or the like. This can also be used to ensure that the receptacle is fitted to the mounting 321, and in particular that the receptacle is correctly orientated and mechanically coupled to the mounting 321.

[0198] The mounting body 321 extends into the housing 310 radially inwardly of the mounting support 313, and includes teeth 323 extending circumferentially around an outer surface of the body 321. The teeth 323 engage a correspondingly toothed annular gear 324 extending circumferentially around the outer surface of the mounting body 321, which is supported in a recess of the mounting support 313. The gear 324 is coupled to the mounting drive 322 via a worm gear (not shown), so that the gear 324 can be rotated, thereby causing the mounting body 321 to be raised, as shown in Figure 3 A and lowered, as shown in Figure 3B as required.

[0199] The capsule holder 330 includes a capsule holder drive stepper motor 332 coupled via a drive shaft 333 to a spindle 334. The spindle 334 is rotatably supported by the cup support 315 via ball bearings 335 and is magnetically coupled to the cup 331 via magnets 336, 337 mounted in the spindle 334 and cup 331, respectively. This allows the cup 331 to be magnetically decoupled from the spindle 334, and removed from the housing 310, for example in the event that cleaning or maintenance is required. This can also be used to allow accessories to be magnetically coupled to the stepper motor 332 via the spindle 334, allowing blades or the like to be driven in use. [0200] The cup 331 and spindle 334 are also typically mechanically coupled, as will now be described with reference to Figures 3F to 3K, which show the cup 331 and spindle 334 in more detail.

[0201] In this example, the cup 331, includes a cup body 331.1 having a socket 331.2 mounted on a base thereof. The spindle 334 includes a spindle body 334.1, which in use is mounted on the drive shaft 333, and a male hub 334.2. In use, the male hub 334.2 is mounted within the socket 331.2, which acts as a female hub 331.7 and has a complimentary shape to the male hub 334.1, so that torque can be transmitted from the spindle 334 to the cup 331. In this example, the male hub has a generally cross shaped configuration, but it will be appreciated that other arrangements can be used, and that reference to the cross shape is not intended to be limiting.

[0202] In any event, in this example, the male and female hubs are complimentary in shape allowing the male and female hubs to be rotationally coupled simply by positioning the male hub 334.2 within the socket 331.2. It will be appreciated that this allows the cup 331 to be mechanically coupled to the spindle 334, simply by placing the cup socket 331.2 on the spindle 334. Furthermore, the magnets 336, 337 can be provided on an end of the male hub 334.2 and within the socket 331.2, so that when the socket 331.2 engages the spindle 334, the cup and spindle are mechanically and magnetically coupled. This allows the cup and spindle to be easily connected and disconnected, allowing the cup 331 to be removed and replaced, or for example to allow accessories to connect to the spindle 334, whilst ensuring that torque is successfully transferred to the cup 331, in use.

[0203] The cup body 331.1 further includes a rim 331.3, extending around an upper edge of the cup body 331.1. The rim 331.3 includes two depressions 331.4 located on opposing sides of the rim 331.3, which are used to assist in deformation of the capsule, as well as recesses 331.5 to assist in aligning the capsule within the cup 331, as will be described in more detail below. The cup body 331.1 may also include one or more apertures or windows 331.5 circumferentially spaced around the cup body 331.1 to allow for reading of coded data, as will be described in more detail below. [0204] The fluid supply system includes the reservoir 341, pump 342, a number of flow control valves 343, heater 344, the outlet port 345 and outlet port connecting pipe 346, which are interconnected using appropriate pipes or tubes (not shown for clarity). Example connectivity will be described in more detail below.

[0205] It will be appreciated that the apparatus 300 functions substantially similarly to the previous examples and will not therefore be described in any further detail.

[0206] A specific example of a receptacle will now be described with reference to Figures 4A to 4H. For the purpose of this example, the receptacle is assumed to be a nursing bottle, but it will be appreciated from the following description that the general features will apply to other receptacles, such as cups, travel mugs or the like.

[0207] In this example, the receptacle 460 includes a receptacle body 464 defining the receptacle cavity 465. The receptacle body 464 is open at a teat end and includes a teat mounting 464.1, to receive a teat (not shown). The teat may be held in place using any suitable technique, and in one example this is achieved using a teat cover ring (not shown) that engages the teat mounting 464.1, for example using a screw fit, interference fit, friction fit, clip fit, or the like. It will be appreciated that these components are substantially standard and are made of known materials suitable for use in nursing bottles, such as polycarbonate, polyvinylchloride, polypropylene, or the like. Additionally selected ones of the components could be integrally formed, such as the teat and teat cover, thereby minimising the assembly process.

[0208] In this example, the receptacle body 464 also includes a base mounting 464.2 defining an opening at a base end, which receives a receptacle base 463, which is typically made of rubber or the like, and which is coupled to the receptacle body 464, for example using a screw, clip, friction, interference fit or the like.

[0209] In this example, the receptacle base 463 includes a convex capsule engaging ridge 463.1 that projects from, and extends across a substantially planar base under-surface 463.2. A base rim 463.3 is provided extending perpendicularly from a perimeter of the base under- surface 463.2, the base rim 463.3 extending from the base under-surface 463.2 a distance greater than that of the capsule engaging ridge 463.1. Consequently, when the receptacle 460 is placed on a flat surface S in use, it is supported by the rim 463.3 with the capsule engaging ridge 463.1 held spaced from the relevant surface S. The circumference of the base rim 463.3 is greater than the perimeter of the capsule, so that the capsule can be received within the base rim 463.3, allowing the capsule to be deformed as will be described in more detail below.

[0210] The base rim 463.3 further supports base flanges 463.4 extending radially outwardly from, and circumferentially spaced apart about, an outer surface of the base rim 463.3. In use, the base flanges 463.4 engage with the mounting flanges 321.2 of the mounting body 321, allowing the receptacle base 463 to be mechanically engaged with the mounting body 321.

[0211] The base 463 includes the first conduit 461, including an inlet port 461.1 on an outer circumferential surface of the base 463 and an outlet port 461.2 terminating on the ridge 463.1. The second conduit 462 extends through the base from a second conduit inlet 462.1 provided on the ridge 463.1 and terminating in a one-way duckbill valve 467. The valve 467 would typically be closed, with the valve 467 being opened either through engagement of the second conduit 462 with the second capsule conduit of the capsule, by liquid pressure in the second conduit 462, or by a pressure differential between the second conduit 462 and the receptacle cavity 465.

[0212] In the current example, the second conduit 462 is angled so that the valve 467 is mounted substantially in the centre of the receptacle base 463, whilst the second conduit 462 inlet 462.1 is offset from the centre of the receptacle base 463. This allows the second conduit 462 to engage the first and second capsule conduits, as the capsule is rotated between filling and dispensing configurations, whilst providing the valve 467 in the centre of the base 463, to assist with easy fitting.

[0213] In use, the valve 467 allows fluid flow into the receptacle 460, via the receptacle base 463. The primary purpose of this is to allow a beverage to be provided into the receptacle 460, whilst preventing the beverage leaking from the receptacle 460 when the receptacle 460 is not being filled. However, additionally the valve 467 can be configured to allow air to enter the receptacle 460 while the beverage is being consumed, for example as a result of pressure differences between the receptacle cavity 465 and the ambient environment outside the receptacle 460, thereby helping to reduce colic induced during bottle feeding.

[0214] In the current example, the first and second conduits 461, 462 and the valve 467 can be formed from a base insert 468, which is a shaped rubber member that sits within the receptacle base to define the first and second conduits as shown in Figure 4G.

[0215] However, as an alternative, the insert can be provided as a base plate, as will now be described with reference to Figures 4M to 4N. In this example the base plate 468 is urged against the opening at the base end 464.2 of the bottle body 464 by the base 463. The valve 467 is mounted in the base plate 468, with part of the first fluid conduit 461, being formed from a channel 461.3 in an underside of the base plate 468. The first fluid conduit 461 includes an inlet port 461.1 on an outer circumferential surface of the base 463 and an outlet port 461.2 terminating on the ridge 463.1. The second fluid conduit 462 extends through the base from a second conduit inlet 462.1 provided on the ridge 463.1 and terminating in a oneway duckbill valve 467. The valve 467 would typically be closed, with the valve 467 being opened either through engagement of the second conduit 462 with the second capsule conduit of the capsule, by liquid pressure in the second conduit 462, or by a pressure differential between the second conduit 462 and the receptacle cavity 465. Thus, it will be appreciated that operation of the receptacle is substantially as previously described.

[0216] In either case, when the receptacle 460 is mounted to a mounting, such as the mounting body 321, the receptacle 460 is initially positioned with the receptacle base 463 offset from the mounting body 321, aligned with the inner surface of the annular wall 321.1, and with the first conduit inlet 461.1, rotationally offset to the outlet port 345. The receptacle and hence receptacle base 463 is then urged towards the mounting body 321 in the direction of the arrow 491, until before the receptacle impinges on the mounting body 321, at which time the receptacle is rotated in the direction of arrow 492, until the outlet port 345 and first conduit inlet 461.1 are aligned. At this stage, the base flanges 463.4 are positioned beneath the mounting flanges 321.2, thereby correctly orientating and retaining the receptacle base in position. [0217] A specific example of the capsule will now be described with reference to Figures 5A to 5D.

[0218] In this example, the capsule 550 includes capsule side walls 551, having a side wall rim 551.3, a capsule base 552 and a film lid 553, coupled to the side wall rim 551.3. The capsule side walls 551 include an indented portion 551.1, which in use engages a correspondingly shaped portion of the capsule holder to prevent relative rotation of the capsule 550 and capsule holder.

[0219] The capsule 550 also includes an insert including the first and second capsule conduits 555, 556 coupled to two paddles 557 and baffle 558. Arms 559 extend laterally and upwardly from the insert and include a shaped end 559.1 that engages an underside of the side wall rim 551.3 of the capsule 550 to thereby retain the insert in a desired position within the capsule 550. This shaping can also cooperate with recesses 331.5 in the capsule holder 330 to further assist orientate the capsule 550 relative to the capsule holder 330.

[0220] A filter, such as an antimicrobial filter, can be supported between the first capsule conduit 555 and baffle 558, or within the first or second conduits 555, 556, thereby filtering water as it is delivered into the capsule. However, this is not essential and the filter can alternatively be provided in the fluid supply system.

[0221] The insert may also further include a lid engaging plate 553.1 that engages an underside of the capsule lid 553 and the receptacle base to effect sealing between the capsule 550 and receptacle, when the capsule 550 and receptacle base 463 are engaged.

[0222] The paddles 557 extend laterally outwardly from the second capsule conduit 556 and are fixed relative to the insert and hence the capsule 550 so that rotation of the capsule 550 results in corresponding rotation of the paddles 557, thereby agitating fluid within the capsule. In one example, the paddles 557 include holes allowing fluid to flow therethrough, although this is not essential and a solid paddle can be used as shown in the example of Figure 5E. Typically, the paddle takes up 30% to 80% of the vertical cross sectional area of the capsule 550 to assist in ensuring adequate mixing of fluid therein. [0223] The capsule side walls, base, lid and insert 551, 552, 553 can be made of any suitable material, such as a thin plastic, or the like. In one example, the components of the capsule 550 are manufactured using thermoforming with an injection moulded insert and top foil sealing, with all of the materials in the packaging being made of a single material, such as polypropylene, which is resistant against temperatures above 60°.

[0224] Figure 5F shows a plan view of the capsule 550 illustrating cross sectional planes that are used in Figures 5G to 5N, which show an example process of the capsule 550 engaging the receptacle base 463 of the receptacle 460 described in Figures 4A to 4H.

[0225] As shown the receptacle base 463 includes the capsule engaging ridge 463.1 projecting outwardly from and extending radially across the receptacle base 463. The first and second conduits 461, 462 terminate at an upmost point of the capsule engaging ridge 463.1.

[0226] As shown in Figures 5G and 5H, the receptacle base 463 is aligned with the capsule 550, so that the capsule engaging ridge 463.1 is provided above a central axis of the capsule 550, and so that the first and second conduits 461, 462 align with the second and first capsule conduits 556, 555, respectively. Additionally, the capsule 550 would be positioned within the cup 331, so that the capsule rim 551.3 rests on the cup rim 331.3, with the cup rim depressions 331.4, aligned with the capsule engaging ridge 463.1. The receptacle 460 is then urged downwards until the ridge 463.1 engages the lid 553 of the capsule 550, as shown in Figures 51 and 5 J.

[0227] As the receptacle base 463 continues to move towards the capsule 550, the capsule side walls 551 deform beneath the ridge 463.1, as shown at 551.2, thereby applying a stretching force to the capsule lid 553 in the direction of the arrow F in Figures 5K and 5L. This tensions the lid 553, thereby assisting spikes 555.1, 556.1 on the first and second capsule conduits 555, 556 pierce the film lid 553 before mating with the second and first conduits 462, 461 as shown in Figures 5M and 5N.

[0228] To assist with deformation of the capsule side walls 551, portions of the capsule side walls 551 and/or capsule side wall rim 551.3 can be adapted to deform in preference to other portions, for example by varying the thickness of the capsule side walls 551 and/or capsule side wall rim 551.3, that will be adjacent the ridge 463.1, in use. This allows the capsule lid 553 to deform with less force in the direction of the first and second capsule conduits 555,

556, thereby decreasing the piercing force required, and preventing the top foil from breaking at different spots other than designated. This process also releases the plane stress from the top foil, thereby ensuring that deformation occurs below the ridge 463.1 of the receptacle base 463.

[0229] Additionally, by aligning the cup rim depressions 331.4 with the capsule engaging ridge 463.1, this allows the capsule engaging ridge 463.1 to be accommodated within the depressions 331.4 to ensure deformation of the capsule is not impeded by the capsule holder 330.

[0230] As the receptacle base 463 fully engages the capsule 550, the capsule side walls 551 continue to deform, whilst a centre portion 552.1 of the capsule base 552 also deforms outwardly as a result of engagement with either the second capsule conduit 556 or paddles

557. This creates a depression 552.1 adjacent the second capsule conduit 556 so that fluid collects therein, maximising the chance of fluid being dispensed from the capsule as previously described.

[0231] The lid engaging plate 553.1 also engages an underside of the capsule lid 553 and the receptacle base flange 463.1, thereby sealing the capsule 550 against the receptacle base 463, to ensure effective fluid transfer between the first and second conduits 461, 462 and the first and second capsule conduits 555, 556.

[0232] An example of a data encoding technique for providing machine readable coded data indicative of the content of the capsule will now be described with reference to Figures 50 and 5P.

[0233] In this example, the capsule 550 includes a number of marking regions 581, 582 provided on the capsule sidewalls 551. The marking regions 581, 582 are generally circumferentially spaced around the outer surface of the capsule sidewalls 551 at a set height relative to the base 552, so that when the capsule 550 is positioned in a capsule holder, the marking regions 581, 582 align with windows 331.6, allowing the marking regions to be sensed through the windows using an optical sensor 580. The sensor may be of any appropriate type, but in one example, is a reflectance sensor, adapted to sense radiation reflected from the capsule surface through the windows. Accordingly, in this example, the optical sensor 580 typically illuminates the marking regions 581, 582, using a light source, such as a light-emitting diode (LED), and receives radiation reflected from the marking regions 581, 582, using a light sensitive element as shown by the arrows 583. The sensor 580 then provides signals indicative of the intensity and/or wavelength of reflected light reflected to the controller, allowing the controller to interpret the signals and hence the encoded markings.

[0234] In the current example, the marking regions 581, 582 include a single elongate shaped marking region 581, and a number of dot shaped marking regions 582. In use the dot regions 582 may be selectively or differentially marked, for example with using dark colours shown at 582.1, or light colours (or no markings) shown at 582.2, to thereby encode binary data. Thus, selectively marking the marking regions 582 with different colours, contrasts or the like, can be used to encode data regarding the contents of the capsule in a binary form. In general, the elongate region 581 is utilized to indicate start/end point of the code.

[0235] Accordingly, in use, the code is read as the capsule 550 is rotated in either a clockwise or counterclockwise direction. In this instance, the controller (not shown) can activate a capsule drive (not shown) and cause rotation of the capsule 550 within the capsule holder. The sensor 580 is used to detect the presence of the elongate marking region 581 indicating that the reading of the code can now commence. The capsule 550 is then rotated, with each of the marking regions 582 being detected in turn, to thereby determine the encoded binary information indicative of the capsule content. In one particular example in which the capsule holder drive is a stepper motor, the spacing of the marking regions 582 can correspond to a single stepwise rotation of the stepper motor, such as 18°, so that the controller need only cause rotation of the stepper motor in incremental steps to bring each of the marking regions 582 into alignment with the sensor 580, in turn thereby allowing the code to be efficiently and accurately read. It will be appreciated however that other markings could be used depending on the preferred implementation.

[0236] A second specific example of an apparatus for dispensing beverage is shown in Figures 6A to 6C. The arrangement is similar to that described with reference to Figures 3A and 3B and can be used with receptacles 660 and capsules 650 similar to those described above with respect to Figures 4 and 5.

[0237] In this example the apparatus 600, includes a housing (not shown) a mounting support 613, capsule holder drive support (not shown) and a cup support 615, which are utilised for supporting the mounting 620, the capsule drive 632 and capsule holder 630. The apparatus 600 includes a mounting body 621, in the form of a generally cylindrical tubular body, including a rubber sealing ring for sealing engaging the base 663 of the receptacle 660. A bayonet 626 projects radially inwardly from the mounting body 621 to engage a recess in the receptacle base 663 and thereby maintain a desired orientation between the receptacle 660 and mounting body 621. The mounting body 621 also supports the outlet port 645 which engages a recess 663.1, to sealingly engage with the first conduit 361.

[0238] The mounting body 621 includes teeth 623 extending circumferentially around an outer surface of the body 621, which engage a gear 624 supported in a recess of the mounting support 613. The gear 624 is coupled to the mounting drive 622 via a worm gear (not shown), so that the mounting drive 622 can be rotated, thereby causing the mounting body 621 to be raised, as shown in Figure 3B and lowered, as shown in Figure 3C as required.

[0239] The capsule holder 630 includes a capsule holder drive stepper motor 632 coupled via a drive shaft 633 to a spindle 634, which is rotatably supported by the cup support 615 via ball bearings 635 and is magnetically coupled via magnets 636, 637 to the cup 631. The spindle has a profiled surface that engages with a correspondingly shaped portion of the cup 631, thereby transferring rotational torque from the drive shaft 633 to the cup 631.

[0240] It will be appreciated that the apparatus 600 functions substantially similarly to the previous examples and will not therefore be described in any further detail.

[0241] An example of the fluid supply will now be described with reference to Figures 7A to 7D.

[0242] In this example the fluid supply includes a reservoir 741 coupled by a flow meter 741.2 to a pump 742. The pump 742 is coupled via a first flow control valve 743.1 and a filter 745 to a second flow control valve 743.2. The second flow control valve connects to cold and hot fluid conduits 746, 747, which are in turn coupled by a third flow control valve 743.3 to the receptacle 760. A heater 744 is provided in the hot fluid conduit, with a sterilising conduit being provided from downstream of the heater to the first fluid control valve 743.1.

[0243] Initially, hot water is to be supplied. Accordingly, in this example the first, second and third flow control valves 743.1, 743.2, 743.3 are adapted to divert water from the reservoir 741, and pump 742, via the filter 745 and the hot fluid conduit 743.2, to the capsule, as shown in Figure 7B. It will be appreciated that this arrangement can also be used to deliver steam to the capsule for purging, by appropriate control of the heater 744

[0244] In the arrangement in Figure 7C the position of the second and third flow control valves 743.2, 743.3 is adjusted so that water flows via the cold fluid conduit 746, to the receptacle 760.

[0245] In the third example of Figure 7D the position of each flow control valve 743.1, 743.2, 743.3 is adjusted so that water passes through the heater 744 whilst bypassing the filter 749, with steam returning to the first flow control valve 743.1, before passing through the filter 749 and the cold fluid conduit 746. This operates to flush the system with steam which can be used sterilising the fluid conduits, as well as providing steam to an accessory such as a steriliser.

[0246] Operation of a second example fluid supply will now be described with reference to Figures 7E to 7G.

[0247] In this example the fluid supply includes a reservoir 741 coupled by a flow meter 741.2 to a pump 742. The pump 742 is coupled via a first flow control valve 743.1, which is in turn coupled to a second flow control valve 743.2, to define cold and hot fluid conduits

746, 747, the hot fluid conduit 747 including a heater 744. The second flow control valve 743.2 is coupled to the outlet 745 via a filter 749, whilst a steam path 748 bypasses the filter.

[0248] When hot water is supplied, the first and second flow control valves 743.1, 743.2 direct water from the reservoir 741 and pump 742, to the bottle 760, via the hot water conduit

747, and filter 749, as shown in Figure 7E. In the arrangement in Figure 7F the position of the first and second control valves 743.1, 743.2 is adjusted so that water flows via the cold fluid conduit 746, and through the filter 749. In the configuration of Figure 7E, the flow control valves 743.1, 743.2 are adjusted so that water passes through the heater 744 whilst bypassing the filter 749, thereby allowing the capsule to be purged, and or sterilisation to be performed, without damaging the filter.

[0249] In either case, operation of the fluid supply system is controlled using a suitable controller, such as the controller 270 described above, to allow specific volumes and temperatures of fluid to be delivered to the capsule. The volumes and temperatures will vary depending on a range of factors, such as the volume of beverage to be dispensed, and the type of beverage, as well as the ambient temperature of fluid in the fluid reservoir.

[0250] Example volumes and temperatures for the hot and cold water flows, for a range of different bottle and beverage sizes for the preparation of infant formula are shown in Table 1 below:

Table 1

[0251] The volume of powdered infant formula in the capsule will vary depending on the intended size of drink. For example, the capsule would typically contain 12g of infant formula for a 90ml bottle and 35g for a 240ml bottle. It will be appreciated that the above values are for the purpose of example only and that in practice, different temperatures and volumes could be used depending on the preferred implementation.

[0252] As previously described, the dispensing apparatus can be adapted to operate with one or more accessories. In one example, the accessory can be a steriliser having a steriliser body defining a steriliser cavity, the steriliser body including a fluid conduit for transferring steam from the fluid supply of the dispensing apparatus to the steriliser cavity. The fluid conduit can include a plurality of outlets for distributing steam within the steriliser cavity, whilst the cavity can contain at least one basket for receiving an article to be sterilised in use.

[0253] A specific example of a steriliser suitable for use in sterilising receptacles such as infant nursing bottles, will now be described with reference to Figures 8A to 8D.

[0254] In this example, the steriliser accessory includes a body 810 having a handle 811 and a cover 820 having a lid 821. In use, the cover 820 is removably mounted to the body 810 allowing a user to gain access to a cavity 830 containing first and second baskets 831, 832 and a pair of tongs 833. The body 810 includes a body base 812 defining a fluid conduit 813 extending from an outer perimeter of the base 812 to the cavity 830. The fluid conduit 813 includes an inlet 813.1 for coupling to a fluid system outlet, such as the outlet port 345, and multiple outlets 813.2, for distributing steam into the cavity 830. A baffle 813.3 may also be provided, for distributing steam through the fluid conduit 813.

[0255] In use, when a user wishes to sterilise a receptacle such as a nursing bottle, the cover 820 is separated from the body 810 to provide access to the cavity 830. The baskets 831, 832 are then removed and the bottle components positioned in the baskets 831, 832 as appropriate. Typically, the bottle body and base are provided in the first basket 831, with the teat portion being provided in the second basket 832, which can be stacked on top of the first basket 831, within the cavity 830. The tongs 833 are then typically positioned on top of the teat in the second upper basket 832.

[0256] The cover 820 is attached to the body 810, which is then coupled to the mounting 330 in a manner similar to that described above with respect to a receptacle. Thus, the steriliser base 810 will typically include flanges (not shown) that engage mounting flanges 321.2 in the mounting body 321. When correctly engaged, the fluid conduit inlet 813.1 engages with the outlet port 345 allowing steam to be supplied into the cavity 830. The dispensing apparatus 300 is then controlled by the controller to dispense a predetermined amount of steam to the cavity 830 over a set time period to ensure complete sterilisation of the nursing bottle or other receptacle or article. [0257] Once completed, the user can remove the cover 820 and remove the tongs 833 from the basket 832. The baskets 831, 832 can then be separated and the tongs 833 used to lift the teat from the second basket 832 and fit this to the bottle body to thereby maintain sterility.

[0258] In another example, the accessory can include a food mixer having a mixer body defining a mixer cavity and blades rotationally mounted within the cavity, the blades being coupled to a blade drive shaft that mechanically connects to the capsule holder, to thereby allow rotation of the blades within the mixer cavity to be driven by rotation of the capsule holder. The blade drive shaft can be coupled to a cup insert that mechanically couples to a cup of the capsule holder, thereby allowing the blade drive shaft to be driven by rotation of the cup, although alternatively, the blade drive shaft may couple directly to the spindle by removing the cup from the dispensing apparatus.

[0259] In a further example, the accessory can include a food steamer having a steamer body defining a steamer cavity and including a fluid conduit for transferring steam from the fluid supply to the steamer cavity and a steamer tray supported within the steamer cavity in use, the steamer tray being for supporting foods to be steamed.

[0260] The accessory could also be a combined food mixer and food steamer including, in which blades are rotationally mounted within a cavity, the blades being coupled to a blade drive shaft that mechanically connects to the capsule holder, to thereby allow rotation of the blades within the cavity to be driven by rotation of the capsule holder. Additionally, a fluid conduit is provided for transferring steam from the fluid supply of the dispensing apparatus to the cavity, with a steamer tray supported within the cavity in use, the steamer tray being for supporting foods to be steamed.

[0261] A specific example of an accessory in the form of a combined steamer and food mixer will now be described above with reference to Figures 9A to 9E.

[0262] In this example, the steamer/food mixer 900 includes a body including an outer body 910 having an outer handle 911, and an inner body 920 having a corresponding inner handle 921, that in use fits within the outer handle 911. The body defines cavity 960 for receiving foods to be steamed and/or mixed. [0263] The outer body 910 includes a base 913 that in use couples to the mounting 320 of dispensing apparatus 300. The base 913 defines a fluid conduit 914 that receives steam from an outlet port 345 via the inlet 914.1 and supplies steam to the cavity 960 via a number of outlets (not shown).

[0264] The outer and inner bodies 910, 920 receive a steaming insert 930, including a lid 931 and a steamer tray 932, coupled together in a spaced apart arrangement by a shaft 933. A handle 934 is also optionally provided extending from the lid 931. In use, the lid 931 rests on the outer steamer body 910, so that the steamer tray 932 is suspended in the steamer cavity 960.

[0265] The steamer 900 also typically includes a mixing insert 940, that sits on upstanding nested hollow cylindrical supports 912, 922, extending upwardly from the base 913 and from a lower face of the inner bodies 920, respectively. The mixing insert includes a cylindrical outer wall 941 supporting a blade body 942 having a number of circumferentially spaced blades 943 extending radially outwardly therefrom. The outer wall 941 is coupled at an upper end to a cylindrical inner wall 944, positioned radially inwardly of the outer wall 941, so that the supports 912, 922 are sandwiched between the inner and outer walls 941, 944, allowing the mixing insert to be rotationally supported thereon. The inner wall 944 couples to a cup insert 950, via a connecting shaft 951 which sits in the cup 331 of the apparatus 300.

[0266] Accordingly, in this arrangement, the mixer blades 943 can be driven by rotation of the cup 331 using the capsule holder drive 332. Additionally, and/or alternatively steam can be delivered to the cavity 960 via the fluid conduit 914, allowing products placed on the steam tray to be steamed. It will also be appreciated that a combination of steam and mixing can be used to create purees.

[0267] The above examples describe a number of features. It should be understood that features from different examples and within examples can be used independently, or in conjunction and that reference in combination within other features is not intended to be limiting.

[0268] In one example, the apparatus for dispensing liquid beverage, could include a housing, a capsule holder use receives a capsule containing concentrated beverage, a capsule holder drive that moves the capsule holder relative to the housing to thereby at least partially rotates the capsule holder in a reciprocating manner to thereby agitate fluid within the capsule, a mounting that in use receives a receptacle, and a fluid supply that selectively supplies fluid to the capsule to thereby dilute the concentrated beverage and supply liquid beverage to the receptacle.

[0269] In another example, the apparatus for dispensing liquid beverage, the apparatus could include including a housing, a capsule holder that in use receives a capsule containing concentrated beverage, a mounting that in use selectively a receptacle and an accessory and a fluid supply that selectively supplies fluid to the capsule to thereby dilute the concentrated beverage and supply liquid beverage to the receptacle or supplies steam to the accessory.

[0270] In another example the apparatus for dispensing liquid beverage includes a housing, a capsule holder that in use receives a capsule containing concentrated beverage, a mounting that in use selectively a receptacle, a fluid supply for supplying fluid at first and second temperatures and a controller that moves the receptacle into engagement with the capsule in a first orientation so that heated fluid is supplied to the capsule and moves the receptacle into engagement with the capsule in a second orientation so at least one of unheated fluid and steam is supplied to the capsule, with liquid beverage being supplied to the receptacle from the capsule.

[0271] In another example the apparatus for dispensing liquid beverage includes a controller including an electronic processing device that controls one or more drives that move at least one of the capsule holder and mounting and the fluid supply to thereby urge the receptacle into engagement with the capsule, supply fluid at first temperature to the capsule to at least partially dilute the concentrated beverage, urge the receptacle and capsule out of engagement, reciprocate the capsule to thereby agitate fluid within the capsule, urge the receptacle into engagement with the capsule and supply fluid at second temperature lower than the first temperature to thereby urge liquid beverage into the receptacle.

[0272] In another example a capsule for use in apparatus for dispensing liquid beverage includes capsule side walls, a capsule base and a pierceable capsule lid defining a capsule cavity containing concentrated beverage, wherein the capsule is at least partially deformable so that in use, during engagement with a bottle, at least one conduit within the capsule at least one of pierces the capsule lid and deforms the capsule base.

[0273] In another example, a capsule for use in apparatus for dispensing liquid beverage includes capsule side walls, a capsule base and a pierceable capsule lid defining a capsule cavity containing concentrated beverage, at least one fluid conduit provided within the capsule cavity, wherein in use the at least one fluid receives fluid from a fluid supply and supplies beverage to a receptacle and at least one paddle for agitating contents of the capsule.

[0274] In another example, a capsule for use in apparatus for dispensing liquid beverage includes capsule side walls, a capsule base and a pierceable capsule lid defining a capsule cavity containing concentrated beverage and first and second capsule conduits, the first capsule conduit terminating offset from the base of the capsule and wherein the first capsule conduit terminates adjacent a baffle to thereby direct fluid entering the capsule.

[0275] Throughout this specification and claims which follow, unless the context requires otherwise, the word "comprise", and variations such as "comprises" or "comprising", will be understood to imply the inclusion of a stated integer or group of integers or steps but not the exclusion of any other integer or group of integers.

[0276] Persons skilled in the art will appreciate that numerous variations and modifications will become apparent. All such variations and modifications which become apparent to persons skilled in the art, should be considered to fall within the spirit and scope that the invention broadly appearing before described.