BACKGROUND ART The loss of hair from the scalp has traditionally been a problem for a substantial percentage of the population. Whether the problem is alopecia (male pattern baldness) or thinning hair, the individuals affected will generally find this to be distressing and detrimental to their appearance. In addition, the loss of hair will often make individuals appear to be older than they are. For this reason, a variety of attempts have been made to improve an individual's appearance by restoring the appearance of a full head of hair.

Early attempts to address this problem focused on the use of hair pieces (i. e. toupees or wigs). While these devices provided some degree of success, they have several drawbacks. In particular, they often have an unnatural appearance which allows them to be easily detected, even from a distance, by other individuals. In order to make one of these devices appear to be the natural hair of the wearer, they must be constructed in a fairly expensive manner using real human hair which is matched in colour to the individual's remaining hair.

Unfortunately, many individuals cannot afford a high quality hair piece such as this, and settle for a lower quality hair piece fabricated from synthetic fibres.

In addition, hair pieces have another drawback in that they may be inconvenient to use in particular situations, such as swimming, where they may become damaged or loosened. In such situations, the individual may be embarrassed due to the failure of the device. It would therefore be desirable to improve the appearance of an individual's hair without having to resort to hair pieces fastened to an individual's head which are expensive and occasionally prone to failure due to environmental circumstances.

Those skilled in the art will recognize that more complicated mechanical solutions such as"hair weaving"exist. These more complicated solutions typically have the same drawbacks and problems as those associated with hair pieces. In addition, they are often more expensive than conventional hair pieces.

Another attempt to address this problem has been to surgically replace missing hair with"hair plugs."This surgical solution overcomes the problems created by the use of hair pieces in that the replacement hair plugs use the real hair of the individual, which results in a perfect colour match and a natural appearance. In addition, the individual has no restrictions, such as those discussed above in regard to swimming or other activities, which were discussed in regard to hair pieces. Unfortunately, this method of treating hair loss is expensive, and requires the use of medical professional for the surgical hair transplant procedure. As a result, this procedure may not be available to a substantial portion of the public due to its high cost. It would be desirable to have a method of facilitating the growth of hair which was economically available to a substantial part of the entire public.

In addition to hair pieces and surgical transplants, pharmaceutical products have also been developed to encourage hair growth. These products can take the form of ingestible medications or topical skin treatments. The ingestible medications have been proven to encourage hair growth, but they have several significant drawbacks. In particular, they are typically prescription medications which require the cost and inconvenience of visiting a physician. In addition, the fact that they are prescription medications typically means that they will have a higher cost than non-prescription drugs. Perhaps more important than the issue of cost is the potential side effects of ingestible drugs. Quite often, the use of this type of ingestible medications may result in serious health side effects, such as damage to the individual's liver, or other internal organs, or may present other serious side effects. It would be desirable to have a method of stimulating hair growth which did not carry the risks of side effects inherent in ingestible pharmaceutical medications.

Another type of pharmaceutical medication has been the use of topical skin treatments. This type of medication is often similar to prescription medications with the same cost disadvantage of ingestible medications. While

some are now available as over-the-counter preparations, they typically have a reduced strength and are less effective than are their prescription counterparts. In addition, they typically have to be applied daily to achieve and maintain their desired results. It would be desirable to have an effective low-cost method of stimulating hair growth which did not require potential visits to a physician, a continuous use of expensive medications, and daily treatments to ensure results.

Scientists in Europe and Asia have found over the last 25 years that lasers can be used to stimulate hair growth. Devices have been developed having structures similar to a large floor mounted, or chair mounted, helmet. These devices contain multiple laser assemblies, and are designed to irradiate the individual's entire scalp and hair with laser energy. It is been found that there are several disadvantages associated with this approach. In particular, these are typically very large and expensive commercial devices which are found in beauty salons and spas. In order to take advantage of them, an individual will go to the establishment where the devices are located and pay for treatments on a per treatment basis. Over time, this represents a fairly expensive proposition for the individual, and typically requires a trained operator to conduct the treatment.

The helmet-like structure of this device creates an additional disadvantage.

Since the device covers the head of the individual, a substantial portion of the laser energy which is intended for application to the individual's scalp is blocked by the hair of the individual, thinning though it may be, which effectively forms a canopy over the individual's scalp. It would be desirable to have an inexpensive method of applying laser treatments which does not require an individual to go to a specific location where large laser devices are used, which does not require the individual to pay every time a laser treatment is taken, and which maximizes the amount of laser energy applied to the scalp while minimizing the amount of laser energy which is blocked by the individual's hair. Likewise, it would be desirable to have a laser treatment device which has a relatively small number of lasers, and which could apply laser energy to the individual's scalp without interference by the individual's hair.

Another problem associated with hair is the loss of hair colour (i. e. greying) which has the effect of making an individual appear older. Individuals often attempt to treat this problem by dyeing their hair. Unfortunately, this method of

treatment has several disadvantages. For example, as was the case with hair pieces, discussed above, it can be difficult to produce the proper hair colour which may make it obvious that the hair was dyed. In addition, the dyed hair tends to fade over time which results in re-appearance of the grey hair and a persistent change in colour. Individuals who dye their hair typically have to re-dye their hair periodically. Of course, this represents an ongoing expense and inconvenience to the individual. Further, unless the dying process is performed by a trained individual, the results may be undesirable and unattractive. This further increases the cost of hair dying due to the need to hire a trained professional to perform the process. It would be desirable to have a method of treating loss of hair colour without having to have an ongoing expense for dyes, or an ongoing expense for trained professionals to apply the dyes, and an ongoing inconvenience.

WIPO Patent Document No. WO 02/102228, by Pearl et al, discloses a hand-held device that allows the efficient penetration of laser energy to the scalp of an individual for the stimulation of hair growth. Nevertheless, even small, hand- held laser devices, such as those disclosed in that prior art document, are relatively expensive to manufacture and purchase, especially in regions or countries where personal incomes are quite modest.

While providing several methods of treating alopecia, hair loss, and greying, the prior art has failed to provide an apparatus which is very inexpensive to manufacture, has a minimum number of components, minimizes the amount of energy blocked by an individual's hair, and can be used without leaving the individual's home or using costly commercial equipment and trained personnel.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention is a hand-held light emitting device for stimulating human hair growth. The device is used by the individual and does not require trained personnel to provide a treatment.

In one embodiment, the invention provides a handheld device for the treatment of the hair or scalp, including: a non-coherent light source; a power supply for supplying power to the non-coherent light source; and means to expose the scalp of an individual as the non-coherent light source is moved over the individual's scalp such that the light emanating from the non-coherent light

source is not obstructed from coming in contact with the scalp by the individual's hair; whereby the scalp of the individual is substantially exposed during application of non-coherent light to the scalp.

It has surprisingly been found that non-coherent light, while lacking the characteristics of power concentration inherent in laser light, can nevertheless provide stimulation to the scalp which has beneficial and therapeutic effects in terms of stimulating the natural growth of hair.

In view of the above, it is preferred that the means to expose the scalp includes a first plurality of teeth, each tooth associated with the non-coherent light source and positioned such that when the device is moved across an individual's scalp, each tooth creates a furrow in the hair in front of the light from the non- coherent light source and the light from the non-coherent light source is substantially unobstructed by the individual's hair; whereby the amount of non- coherent light reaching the individual's scalp is maximized by the creation of furrows in the individual's hair. This assists the penetration of the light energy to the scalp.

It is further preferred that the means to expose the scalp further includes a second plurality of teeth, each tooth in the second plurality of teeth associated with a tooth in the first plurality of teeth such that they form a related pair of teeth; and each related pair of teeth are positioned such that the first tooth is positioned ahead of its associated second tooth such that when the device is moved across an individual's scalp, the first tooth creates a furrow for the non-coherent light and the second tooth holds the furrow open while the non-coherent light source is moving across the individual's scalp ; whereby the related pairs of teeth hold the furrow open for an extended period of time while light from the non-coherent light source is being directed to the individual's scalp. The extended time of opening of the furrow further assists the penetration of the light energy to the scalp.

The non-coherent light source can be a series of lights, or a single light source split into separate beams, each beam aligned with associated hair-parting teeth, which provides light across the area accessed by the teeth. Most preferably, the non-coherent light source is a series of light emitting diodes (LED's), as these are effective in providing non-coherent light energy, while being

relatively simple to arrange in an effective manner, and allow a relatively low cost of manufacture of the device.

Alternatively, if desired, there may be provided a hand-held device as per any described above, wherein there is further provided a laser-emitting means in said device, whereby said device is arranged to emit both coherent and non- coherent light energy toward the scalp. There may further be provided a switch that allows coherent light, non-coherent light or a combination of both, to be emitted. This provides an advantage in that while the laser uses a narrow frequency bandwidth, the non-coherent light source will deliver additional energy over a wider bandwidth. This maximizes the stimulation of the skin tissue and enhances its ability to support and nourish the growth of thick and healthy hair.

In another embodiment, there is provided a method of applying non- coherent light energy to an individual's scalp, including the steps of: deflecting hair away from the scalp of an individual such that the non-coherent light energy is not obstructed from coming in contact with the scalp by the individual's hair, thereby maximizing the amount of light energy applied to the scalp of the individual; and applying non-coherent light energy to the scalp of said individual by moving a handheld non-coherent light generator across the individual's scalp ; whereby the path of the non-coherent light energy to the scalp of the individual is substantially unobstructed by hair during application of light energy to the scalp.

Preferably, the physical mechanism by which the above method steps are effected accords with the device described above.

Now will be described, by way of a specific non-limiting example, a preferred embodiment of a device and method of the invention, with reference to the figures.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figure 1 is a side external view of a preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention.

Figure 2 is a cutaway side view of the preferred embodiment of figure 1.

This figure illustrates the major components used by this embodiment.

Figure 3 is an external end view of the preferred embodiment of figure 1 which illustrates the placement of the non-coherent light source between two rows of teeth.

Figure 4 is a cutaway end view of the preferred embodiment of figure 1.

Figure 5 is an external bottom view of the alternative preferred embodiment of figure 1. This figure illustrates the alignment of multiple light sources between associated sets of teeth.

Figure 6 is a cutaway bottom view of the alternative preferred embodiment of figure 1. This figure illustrates the location of the major components used by this embodiment.

Figure 7 is an external side view of another alternative preferred embodiment which provides both coherent and non-coherent light.

Figure 8 is a cutaway side view of the preferred embodiment of figure 7.

This embodiment illustrates the main components of the coherent and non- coherent light emitting sub-systems.

Figure 9 is an external end view of the alternative preferred embodiment of figure 7, which illustrates the placement of the coherent and non-coherent light sources between two rows of teeth.

Figure 10 is a cutaway end view of the alternative preferred embodiment of figure 7.

Figure 11 is an external bottom view of the alternative preferred embodiment of figure 7. This figure illustrates the alignment of multiple light sources between associated sets of teeth.

Figure 12 is a cutaway bottom view of the alternative preferred embodiment of figure 7. This figure illustrates the location of the major components used by this embodiment.

Figure 13 is an illustration of a preferred embodiment of the device in which an individual's hair is being furrowed to maximize the amount of laser energy applied to the individual's scalp.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT Prior to a detailed discussion of the figures, a general overview of the system will be presented. For ease of discussion, the term"scalp"will be used to describe the conventional definition which describes the hair covered portion of skin on the user's head, and in addition, any skin surface where hair is desired to be grown (e. g. a beard).

It has been found that the application of light can stimulate natural processes within the body, and particularly within the scalp, such that a variety of therapeutic results can be achieved. Devices which utilise laser light energy to stimulate the scalp have been described in detail in patent documents such as WIPO Patent Document No. WO 02/102228, by Pearl et al, and WIPO Patent Document No. WO 01/60457, by Pearl.

The advantage of using a laser is that laser light tends to concentrate power such that the greater effect can result from the application of a particular energy level. However, the inventors have found that non-coherent light will also produce the same therapeutic and healing results when applied to the skin, and devices similar to those disclosed in the above documents may be manufactured significantly more cost-effectively if they are arranged to provide non-coherent light energy.

Non-coherent light will stimulate the skin such that the ability of the skin to nourish and produce thick healthy hair is enhanced. However, the same problems that tend to be encountered with delivery of laser energy to a patient's skin, namely, interference of the light beam by the patient's hair, also occurs when attempting to deliver non-coherent light energy to the skin surface. The inventors have discovered that the comb structure used by the laser-based devices disclosed in the above documents will effectively allow access to substantial areas of the scalp by the non-coherent light.

It is also been found that a laser can be combined with a source of non- coherent light source in a similar device. In an alternative embodiment, both laser energy and non-coherent light energy can be selectively and independently activated to provide a user with the ability to use either or both energy sources.

A more detailed discussion of the figures now follows.

Figure 1 illustrates an external side view of the preferred embodiment in which the laser mechanism of a device as per that disclosed in WO 02/102228 is effectively replaced with a non-coherent light source. The components of the device are held together and supported by a lower housing 1 and an upper housing 2. Two rows of teeth 3 (only one is shown in this figure) extend down from a lower housing 1. During use, the teeth 3 are combed though the user's hair

in the same manner as an ordinary comb would be used. In addition, an activation switch 19 and a status indicator 20 are also shown.

Figure 2 is a cutaway side view of the preferred embodiment illustrated in figure 1. In this figure, a power attachment plug 17 is illustrated. Plug 17 attaches to a conventional power cord (not shown). Plug 17 is attached to a power source 18 which is designed to distribute power to the various components under control of the power activation switch 19. If the device is activated, status indicator 20 is illuminated for the user's convenience.

This unit is designed to be a self-contained, handheld, device which applies non-coherent light from light emitting diodes directly to the scalp of a user without having the hair of the user interfere with the laser beam. In use, the user brushes the teeth 3 through the user's hair in the same manner as the user would use a hair brush. A laser beam is aligned with each of the teeth 3 in the device such that the laser beam follows the"furrow"created by the teeth 3 as they move though the user's hair. By parting the hair in front of the laser beam in this <BR> <BR> maimer, the laser beam is able to reach the bottom of the furrow (i. e. , the scalp) without interference from the hair. This is a substantial improvement over prior art techniques which used helmet-like structures to direct laser energy directly to the user's head without taking into consideration the fact that most of the laser beam energy would be prevented from reaching the user's scalp by the user's hair.

Those skilled in the art will recognize that power supplies are well-know 20 in the art, and that other changes can be made to power source 18. For example, power source 18 can be powered by batteries, by an input power source, via plugs 17, or by a combination of both.

Once the device has been activated, power will be supplied from the power source 18 to emitter control circuit 22. Emitters 21 are controlled by emitter control circuit 22 which regulates the amount of time that emitters 21 are active.

As can be seen from this figure, emitters 21 are aligned with teeth 3. The light emitters 21 can be implemented by any suitable technology. However, in the preferred embodiment the emitters 21 are shown as LED's for ease of discussion.

Figure 3 shows an end view of the device of figure 1A which illustrates that there are two parallel rows of teeth 3 projecting downward from the bottom housing 1. The LED's 21 project outward from the device between the two rows

of teeth 3. Further, they are aligned with the teeth 3 such that the light energy emitted by the LED's 21 is projected into the furrow when the handheld device is moved in either direction across the user's scalp.

Figure 4 is a cutaway end view of the embodiment of figure 3. When the power activation switch 19 is activated, it activates power source 18. Once power source 18 is activated, it activates the status indicator 20 which illuminates to indicate that power has been turned on. Also shown in this figure is emitter activation switch 23, which, when turned on, gates power to the emitter control circuit 22, which activates emitters 21.

Figure 5 is a bottom external view of the embodiment of figure 1. This view better illustrates how the emitters 21 are each aligned between associated pairs of teeth 3. Likewise, figure 6 illustrates a cutaway bottom view of the preferred embodiment of figure 1. This view also illustrates the basic components of the system which are power source 18, the emitter control circuit 22, the emitters 21, the teeth 3, and the control switches 19,23 and indicators 20,24.

Figure 13 illustrates how the teeth 3 are used to produce furrows 14 in the individual's hair 16. This figure has a side view illustrating the teeth 3 being pulled through the user's hair 16 while in close proximity to the user's scalp 15. As can be seen, the movement of the teeth 3 though the hair 16 pushes the hair 16 aside to form furrows 14. As the hair forms furrows 14, the scalp 15 between the teeth 3 is exposed. Since the LED's are aligned between the two opposing teeth for each furrow 14, the light energy is directed to the surface of the scalp 15 which has been exposed by the furrow 14. The advantage provided by furrowing the hair 16 is that a high percentage of the light energy is effectively applied to the scalp 15, and the hair 16 is prevented from interfering with the application of light energy to the scalp 15.

In figure 7, a side external view of an alternative embodiment is illustrated.

In this embodiment, a laser emitting device, such as that described in detail in WO 02/102228 is combined with emitters which produce non-coherent light. As a result, energy can be concentrated in a small bandwidth by the laser, while broad bandwidth energy is simultaneously provided by the emitters.

Figure 8 is a side cutaway view of the preferred embodiment of figure 7.

This embodiment contains all the features of figure 1, and in addition, it also

contains the multiple beam laser components of WO 02/102228. When the power source 18 is activated, it provides power which can be gated to the laser 8 end to the emitter control circuit 22. As was the case above, the laser 8 generates a laser beam which passes through coupling 5 and is then split by reflector 6 into a plurality of parallel laser beams. Also shown in his figure are emitters 21 which are activated via emitter control circuit 22 and also project light towards the user's scalp.

Figure 9 is an external end view of the embodiment of figure 7. This figure illustrates the upper housing 2, lower housing 1, and the teeth 3 shown in the previous embodiment. In addition, it also illustrates the adjacent locations of the emitters 21 and the laser window 27.

Figure 10 is an end cutaway view of the embodiment of figure 9. This figure illustrates the side-by-side positioning of the emitters 21, and the laser reflector 5. In addition, this figure also illustrates a separate laser activation switch 25 and a laser status indicator 26.

In figure 11, an external bottom view of the preferred embodiment of figure 7 is shown. This embodiment better illustrates the relative location of the emitters 21 in relation to the laser windows 27. Likewise, figure 12 is a bottom cutaway view of the embodiment of figure 11. This figure also illustrates the side-by-side positioning of the components associated with the emitters 21, and the laser 8.

An advantage of this embodiment is that the patient can use the broadband power provided by the emitters 21 alone, the patient can use the narrow band concentrated laser power provided by the laser 8, or the patient can use both simultaneously.

While the invention has been described with respect to a preferred embodiment thereof, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in detail may be made therein without departing from the spirit, scope, and teaching of the invention. For example, the material used to construct the device may be anything suitable, the size and shape of the device can vary, the type of laser can vary, etc.