APPARATUS, METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR SECURING A STRAND TO A

POST

TECHNICAL FIELD

An apparatus, method and system are disclosed for securing at least one strand to a post. The apparatus, method and system find particular application in fencing to secure wire strands to a fence post, though they can be employed in applications such as demarcation, signage, retention, barricades etc. The term "strand" as employed herein is to be broadly interpreted to include various elongate components that can be secured to a post. The term "post" as employed herein is to be broadly interpreted to include upright posts, rails, cross-members, struts, stays, channels, etc.

BACKGROUND ART

Posts for use in applications such as fencing, demarcation, signage etc are known. Such posts are usually formed from steel, though in some applications it is known to mould posts from a plastic material (e.g. for use in electric fencing).

Steel fence posts have been known for many years that are roll-formed to have a Y-shaped or T-shaped profile (i.e. in end view). The post may take the form of a picket and in this case may be provided (e.g. cut) with a pointed end to facilitate post driving into the earth.

Such steel fence posts are usually provided with a series of spaced holes in a flange thereof (i.e. in the so-called "stalk" or "stem" of the post) to enable strands of fencing wire to be secured to the post, usually by tying each wire strand to the post with a separate short length of wire tie threaded through an individual hole, or by employing a wire "clip". However, the wire can also be directly threaded through such holes. These holes are typically punched into an already roll-formed post in a separate step.

In addition (or as an alternative) to the series of holes, the posts can be provided with a series of spaced passages that are usually machined to project right into the stalk from a distal edge thereof. These passages enable a strand of fencing wire to be moved into and retained in the passage, thereby securing the wire directly to the post. Again, these passages are typically machined into an already roll-formed post in a separate step.

The existing systems for attaching wire to a fence post can require a high degree of manual labour, and some of the ties employed also require special tools and the services of a skilled fencer. For posts provided with spaced passages, usually an additional, complex and costly retention system is factory-fitted to the post in a separate process. This retention system is employed to maintain the wires secured in the post.

The above references to the background art do not constitute an admission that the art forms a part of the common general knowledge of a person of ordinary skill in the art. The above references are also not intended to limit the application of the system and device disclosed herein.

SUMMARY OF THE DISCLOSURE

In a first aspect there is disclosed apparatus for securing at least one strand to a post. The apparatus finds particular application in fencing to secure wire strands to a fence post, though can be employed in other applications. The post may take the form of a picket.

The apparatus comprises an elongate element. The element is adapted at each end to enable securement of that end to a given location along the post. The element is further adapted at or intermediate its ends so as to secure the at least one strand to the post.

Such apparatus can reduce the degree of manual labour in securing one or more strands to a post. In this regard, the element may be simply and rapidly fitted by the user (i.e. in the field).

Such apparatus can also eliminate the numerous ties employed as well as the services of a skilled user (e.g. fencer). Such apparatus may also reduce the number of special tools required.

When the post comprises one or more elongate flanges extending along its length, each end of the element may be adapted for securement to a given location along the one or more flanges. Thus, when each end is secured, the element can secure one or more strands with respect to at least one of the flanges. Further, the apparatus may be used with e.g. Y- and T-posts, and with each of the flanges of such posts.

In one embodiment, the adaptation of one or both ends of the element that enables its securement to the post may comprise a hook. A hook is easy to form and easy to use (i.e. easy to attach to a post).

In one version of this embodiment, the hook can be received in an aperture defined within the post at the given location so as to hook that end onto the post. The aperture may take the form of an elongate aperture, that can extend laterally within the post. In this version, a hook can be provided at each end of the element to hook into a respective aperture.

In another version of this embodiment, a hook can be provided at a first end of the element to hook into a respective aperture, and a hook at an opposite second end of the element can be located adjacent to a respective aperture. The aperture may take the form of an elongate aperture, that can extend vertically/longitudinally within the post. In this version, the second end hook can be secured adjacent to its respective aperture by a first end hook of a next adjacent element (i.e. the first end hook of the next element hooks into that aperture and so secures the second end hook).

The hook can be oriented such that, when received in the aperture, and once the element has been positioned to secure the at least one strand at the post, the hook becomes securely retained in the aperture (i.e. in a normal mode of use the hook then resists dis lodgement). In this regard, the hook can be inserted into the aperture, and the element pivoted into an in-use (strand-securing) position, whereby the hook then moves into a "retained" position.

When the post comprises a longitudinal axis and has three elongate flanges that project with respect to the axis along a length of the post (e.g. so as to define a Y- shaped or T-shaped post profile), the hook may be received in an elongate aperture that extends laterally in one of the flanges, for example, in a stem of the Y-shaped or T- shaped post profile.

In another embodiment, the adaptation of one or both ends of the element that enables its securement to the post may comprise a shaping of the end that enables it to secure around the post at the given location. For example, the end can be formed such that a free end is able to extend around and secure behind one side of the post, and a portion of the element adjacent to the free end is able to extend around and secure behind another side of the post. Such an adaptation can be formed to be easily force-fit onto the post (e.g. tapped or hammered into place, or manually pushed or kicked into place by a user).

When the post comprises a longitudinal axis and has three elongate flanges that project with respect to the axis along a length of the post (e.g. so as to define a Y- shaped or T-shaped post profile), the shaped free end may extend around and hook behind one of the flanges, and the shaped portion of the element may extend around and hook behind another one of flanges. For example, when one of the three elongate flanges defines a stem of the Y-shaped or T-shaped post profile, the free end may hook behind a non-stem flange, and the portion of the element may hook behind the other non-stem flange.

In yet another embodiment, the adaptation of one or both ends of the element that enables its securement to the post may comprise a clamp securable to the end of the element which is also able to secure to the post at the given location. Such a clamp may be slidable into place from an end of the post, or may e.g. be hammered, pressed, pushed or otherwise forced into place by a tool (e.g. by a manually activated clipping tool, or by a pneumatic -type gun).

The clamp can comprise a body that has an aperture therein and into which the end of the element can be affixed. The clamp can also comprise projections that extend from the body. These projections can secure to opposing portions of the post at the given location. For example, when the post comprises a longitudinal axis and has three elongate flanges that project with respect to the axis along a length of the post (e.g. so as to define a Y-shaped or T-shaped post profile), the clamp projections can secure to opposing sides of one of the flanges (e.g. to a stem of the Y-shaped or T-shaped post profile).

In yet a further embodiment, the adaptation of one or both ends of the element that enables its securement to the post may comprise a section of the element that is able to be affixed to the post. This section may be configured to be welded to the post, such as by spot welding. Again, in this further embodiment, the post may comprise a longitudinal axis having three elongate flanges that project with respect to the axis along a length of the post so as to define a Y-shaped or T-shaped post profile (i.e. where one of the elongate flanges defines a stem and two of the flanges define wings of the Y-shaped or T-shaped post). The section of the element may be affixed to one or both wing flanges of the Y- shaped or T-shaped post. For example, the section may be affixed in a space defined between the wing flanges, or may extend between and be affixed to opposing edges of the wing flanges.

When the (stem) flange comprises a shaped distal edge along its length (e.g. that is enlarged relative to a remainder of the flange), the clamp projections may comprise remote ends that are spaced from each other by a distance that is less than a width of the shaped distal edge of the flange (i.e. for retaining the clamp on the distal edge). In this regard, each clamp projection may comprise a head at its remote end, with each head being able to locate behind a respective rear side of the enlarged distal edge of the flange when the clamp is secured to the post. Further, each head can be connected to the device body by a neck, so that a recess is defined between the head inner faces and inwardly disposed faces of the neck. The recess can be sized to receive therein (e.g. in a snug manner) the enlarged distal edge of the flange.

In one embodiment the element can be provided with a profile between the ends of the element that defines one or more troughs. In this embodiment the at least one strand can be received in a respective trough when secured at the post.

In one version of this embodiment, each trough can be spaced from and connected to at least one other adjacent trough by a shorter, intervening length of the element. In another version of this embodiment, the profile can alternate along its length, by defining a projection and then a trough, and so on.

In this embodiment the at least one strand can be received in a respective trough when it is secured at the post. This receipt in the trough can prevent the strand from sliding up or down the post in use.

In this embodiment the element may comprise a member (e.g. a flat bar or plate) having the alternating projections and troughs defined along an edge thereof. This edge can in use face in towards the post and be arranged to urge the at least one strand against the post. Opposing ends of such a member may each be affixed in a respective clamp, with each clamp in turn being releasably securable to the post at its respective given location. The member can be supplied to a user with the clamps pre-affixed at each end (i.e. so that it is ready for immediate use).

In an alternative embodiment, the element may comprise an elongate retention strand (e.g. of the same or greater thickness than the at least one strand to be retained).

Again, the retention strand can be deformed along its length so as to define the alternating projections and troughs. In this alternative embodiment the post can be provided with at least one rebate along its length for receiving therein the at least one strand whereby, when opposing ends of the retention strand are each secured to the post at their respective given locations, a respective trough urges against the at least one strand to retain it in the at least one rebate.

Usually a number of discrete rebates are provided in a spaced manner along an elongate flange of the post, each for a respective strand to be secured to the post. In the alternative embodiment, the retention strand may be deformed to also alternate from side-to-side of the flange, moving along the flange. This can serve to better secure the retention strand to the flange.

In a variation on this alternative embodiment, the retention strand does not comprise projections and troughs (e.g. it is defined by a straight and yet

flexible/bendable rod). In this variation the post may be provided with at least one rebate along its length for receiving therein the at least one strand. Thus, when opposing ends of the retention strand are each secured to the post at their respective given locations, the retention strand can be adapted to urge against the at least one strand to retain it in the at least one rebate. When the retention strand is supplied as e.g. a straight piece of wire or rod (e.g. of spring steel) it can, nevertheless, be adapted at each end for securement to the post.

In this variation, at least one (and usually both) of the ends of the retention strand may comprise a hook that is able to be received in an aperture defined within the post at the given location so as to hook that end onto the post. Thus, when the hooks have been received in their respective apertures, and the retention strand has been positioned to secure the at least one strand in its respective rebate, the hooks also become securely retained in their apertures.

In another form the apparatus is adapted for securing at least one strand to a post that comprises at least two elongate flanges extending along its length. In this form, each end of the element can be adapted for securement to a given location along a respective one of the flanges. Thus, when each end is secured, the element is able to secure the at least one strand with respect to the one or more flanges.

In this form, each end of the element may comprise a flange securement portion and a strand securing portion. The flange securement portion can comprise a hooking configuration for hooking behind a side of a respective flange. The strand securing portion can comprise a projecting extension located at the very end of the element. This extension can hook the strand at its respective flange. The extension can also locate at an opposite side of the respective flange to the securement portion. In other words, the extension can be designed to perform the dual functions of an element-to-post securing role and a strand-to-flange securing role.

The hooking configuration of the flange securement portion can be defined in the element end at a location that is inset from the extension, which is located at the very end of the element.

In this form, the element can comprise a single elongate strand that is deformed (e.g. bent) at each of its ends so as to define the flange securement portion and the strand securing portion.

In a number of the embodiments as outlined above, the element can be formed of a resilient material such that it is able to be bent or flexed around and so urge against the at least one strand to secure it to the post. For example, the element can comprise wire or rod formed from e.g. spring steel (optionally galvanised).

In a second aspect there is disclosed a method for securing at least one strand to a post. The method comprises:

(I) attaching one end of an elongate element to a given location along the post;

(II) positioning the at least one strand at a desired location along the post; (III) attaching an opposite end of the elongate element to another location along the post, such that the elongate element engages and secures the at least one strand at the desired location.

Again, such a method can reduce the degree of manual and skilled labour, and the need for specialised tools, when securing strands to a post, in that the strand(s) can be easily and desirably located and the element simply and rapidly fitted by the user, all whilst out in the field.

In the method, steps (I) and (II) may be reversed. In the method, steps (I) and (II) may occur simultaneously. In the method, the step (II) final positioning may occur after step (III). In the method, step (II) may occur before steps (I) and (II). In the method, steps (I), (II) and (III) may occur simultaneously. These different possibilities may arise from different specific configurations of the apparatus employed.

In the method, when the post comprises one or more elongate flanges, ends of the elongate element can be attached to respective given locations along the one or more flanges. In addition, the desired location of the at least one strand can be along the one or more flanges.

The method of the second aspect can employ the apparatus and post as defined in the first aspect. In a third aspect there is disclosed a system for securing at least one strand to a post. The system comprises a post and apparatus for securing the at least one strand to the post.

The apparatus of the system comprises an elongate element that is adapted to enable securement of each of its ends to respective given locations along the post and to secure the at least one strand to the post.

The post of the system is adapted to the element and/or to the at least one strand.

In the system of the third aspect, when the ends are each secured to their respective given locations at the post, the at least one strand becomes secured to the post.

In the system of the third aspect, the elongate element may be adapted in a manner as defined in the first aspect. In the system of the third aspect, when the post comprises one or more elongate flanges, the adaptation of the post can be formed in the at least one of those flanges.

In the system of the third aspect, the adaptation of the post to the element may comprise one or more of the following:

(A) At least one aperture adapted to a respective hook provided at an end of the element. For example, each aperture can be elongate and can extend laterally or longitudinally in an elongate flange of the post.

(B) A shaped distal edge at an elongate flange of the post. For example, the distal edge can be shaped to define an enlargement thereat relative to a remainder of the flange.

(C) A deformation of the post so as to prevent movement therepast of an adjacent end of the element. For example, an upper end of the post can be deformed (e.g. swaged) so as to prevent the sliding movement therepast of an adjacent end of the element.

In the system of the third aspect, the adaptation of the post to the at least one strand may comprise one or more of the following:

(a) At least one rebate in an elongate flange of the post, the rebate being configured for securing receipt of the strand therein. For example, a series of discrete rebates can be spaced out along the flange of the post, and each rebate may extend into the flange and downwards from a distal edge thereof.

(b) A shaped distal edge at the flange. For example, the distal edge can be shaped to releasably secure thereto a clamp that is in turn affixed to at least one end of the element.

In the system of the third aspect, when the post comprises a longitudinal axis and has three elongate flanges that project with respect to the axis along a length of the post (e.g. so as to define a Y-shaped or T-shaped profile), the post can be adapted at a distal edge of the flange (e.g. a flange that defines a stem in the T-shaped or Y-shaped profile). In the apparatus, method and system as disclosed herein, the at least one strand can comprise fencing wire, and the post can comprise a fence post, whereby a principal (though not exclusive) application of the apparatus, method and system is in fencing.

In the apparatus, method and system as disclosed herein, the post and element may each be formed from a metal such as steel, aluminium etc, or may comprise a plastic. For example, whilst usually the entire post is formed from a single such material, the element may comprise one or a combination of materials (e.g. a metal and a plastic).

In a usual mode the post and at least parts of the element are formed from a relatively non-deformable metal such as mild steel. Such components may optionally be galvanised or coated. The clamps (when employed) may be formed from a relatively deformable plastic (e.g. injection moulded from the plastic) to enable their ease-of- mounting to a post. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Notwithstanding any other forms which may fall within the scope of the apparatus, method and system as defined in the Summary, specific embodiments will now be described, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:

Figure 1 shows a perspective schematic detail of a first apparatus and system embodiment;

Figure 2 shows a perspective schematic detail of a second apparatus and system embodiment;

Figure 3 shows a perspective schematic detail of a third apparatus and system embodiment;

Figure 4 shows a perspective schematic detail of a fourth apparatus and system embodiment;

Figure 5 shows a perspective schematic detail of a post embodiment;

Figure 6 shows a perspective schematic detail of a fifth apparatus and system embodiment; Figure 7 shows a perspective schematic detail of a sixth apparatus and system embodiment;

Figures 8A and 8B respectively show sequential views, in perspective schematic detail, of a seventh apparatus and system embodiment;

Figures 9A to 9D respectively show front, side, plan and perspective views of a seventh apparatus embodiment;

Figures 10A and 10B show plan and side views of another post embodiment, with Figures 10B to 10E showing, in sequential side and perspective views, the securing to the post embodiment of Figures 10A & B of the apparatus embodiment of Figure 9;

Figure 11A shows a perspective view of an eighth apparatus embodiment, with Figures 1 IB to 1 IE showing, in sequential plan and side views, the securing to a post of the apparatus embodiment of Figure 1 1 A;

Figures 12A to 12 C respectively show a side perspective view, a plan view and a side perspective detail of a ninth apparatus embodiment;

Figures 12A to 12C respectively show a side perspective view, a plan view and a side perspective detail of a ninth apparatus embodiment;

Figures 13A to 13C respectively show a rear perspective view, a rear perspective detail and a side perspective detail of a tenth apparatus embodiment; and Figures 14A and 14B respectively show a rear perspective view and a rear perspective detail of an eleventh apparatus embodiment.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF SPECIFIC EMBODIMENTS

Various embodiments of an apparatus and system that secure at least one strand to a post will now be described with reference to Figures 1 to 11. The apparatus and system will be described in relation to the securing of wire strands to a fence post though, as mentioned above, it should be remembered that the apparatus and system are not limited to fencing-related applications.

Embodiment 1

Referring to Figure 1 a perspective schematic detail of a first apparatus and system embodiment is shown. The apparatus comprises an elongate element in the form of an elongate bar or plate 10. The plate 10 is adapted at each end to enable securement of that end to a given location along a Y-post 12 (the post can also be of T-shaped profile). The plate 10 is further adapted intermediate its ends to secure one or more strands S to the post 12. The plate may be formed of galvanised mild steel plate.

More specifically, in the embodiment of Figure 1, the plate 10 has a profile between its ends that alternates along its length to define a projection 14 and then a trough 16, and so on (i.e. to define a "waved" edge 18 along its length). The strand S is received and retained in a respective trough 16 when the plate 10 is secured at the post 12 to prevent the strand from sliding up or down the post in use. In this regard, the edge 18 faces inwardly in use towards a distal edge 20 of a stem 22 of post 12 and is arranged to urge and secure the strand S at the distal edge 20 once the plate 10 has been secured to the post 12.

In this regard, opposing ends of the plate 10 are each affixed in a respective clamp 24. Each end is received and e.g. adhered, welded, screwed, force-fit etc in a slot 26 defined in a body 28 of the clamp 24. The clamp 24 allows that end of the plate to be releasably secured to the post at a respective given location. The plate 10 can be supplied to a user with the clamps 24 pre-affixed at each end (i.e. so that it is ready for immediate use).

The clamps 24 can be slidable into place from e.g. an upper end of the post 12 (i.e. when it has already been sunk in the ground). To prevent the clamps being slid off the upper end of the post, that end can be swaged or otherwise deformed D, as shown in Figure 5. Alternatively, the clamps 24 can be laterally positioned onto the post by being hammered, pressed, pushed or otherwise forced into place manually or by a tool (e.g. a hand-operated tool, or a pneumatic -type gun). The clamps may be moulded (e.g.

injection moulded) of plastic, or cast (e.g. die cast) from a metal such as aluminium, etc.

In each case, the clamp 24 comprises projections 30 that extend from the body 28. These projections are able to secure to opposing sides of the stem 22 of the Y-post 10. In the embodiment of Figure 1, the distal edge 20 is shaped to be enlarged along its length, relative to a remainder of the flange. Whilst facilitating clamp attachment, this can also increase the overall strength of the post 12. In the case of an enlarged distal edge 20, the clamp projections 30 comprise remote ends that are spaced from each other by a distance that is less than a width of the enlarged distal edge (i.e. for retaining the clamp on the distal edge). Each clamp projection comprises a head 32 at its remote end, with each head locating behind a respective rear side of the enlarged distal edge 20 to secure the clamp to the post. Further, each head is connected to the body 28 by a neck 34, so that a recess R is defined between the head inner faces and inwardly disposed faces of the neck. The recess R can be sized and shaped to receive the enlarged distal edge 20 therein, optionally in a snug manner. The clamp can be secured against sliding by e.g. grub screws that extend through one or both projections, and that interferingly engage a side of the stem 22.

However, as shown in Figure 4, the distal edge need not be enlarged, in which case the clamp 24 can be modified e.g. to interact with pre-existing holes formed in the stem 22 of the post 12. Alternatively, grub screws that extend through one or both projections 30 and that interferingly engage a side of the stem 22 can be employed. Embodiment 2

Referring to Figure 2, a perspective schematic detail of a second apparatus and system embodiment is shown. Like reference numerals are used to denote similar or like parts. In this embodiment, instead of an elongate bar or plate 10, the apparatus comprises an elongate element in the form of a retention spring 40. The spring 40 is adapted at each end to enable securement of that end to a given location along the Y- post 12. The spring 40 is further adapted intermediate its ends to secure one or more strands S to the post 12.

More specifically, in the embodiment of Figure 2, the spring 40 has a wavy profile between its ends that defines alternating projecting sections 42 and trough sections 44 along its length. The strands S are received and retained in respective trough sections 44 when the spring 40 is secured at the post 12 to prevent the strand from sliding up or down the post in use. Each projecting section 42 overlaps the distal edge 20 of the stem 22 of post 12 and is arranged to urge and secure the strand S at the distal edge 20 once the spring 40 has been secured to the post 12. The spring 40 may be further deformed along its length such that the projecting sections 42 alternate from side-to-side of the stem 22, moving along the length of the spring 40 (see e.g. Figure 6). The spring 40 may be formed from long-life spring wire (such as a galvanised spring steel; e.g. of 4mm diameter or greater; e.g. of 1060A or 1072 grade spring steel, optionally galvanised).

Upper and lower ends of the spring 40 are secured to clamp 24 (e.g. by being affixed such as by adhesive, welding, grub screw, force-fit etc) in an aperture 46 defined in the clamp body 28. The clamps 24 then function in a similar manner to that as described for Figure 1.

Embodiments 3 & 4

Referring now to Figures 3 and 4, perspective schematic details of third and fourth embodiments of an apparatus and system are shown, which eliminate the use of a clamp at the upper and lower ends of the element. Whilst the apparatus is similar in both Figures 3 and 4, the "systems" differ in that Figure 3 shows a Y-post 12 with an enlarged distal edge 20 of stem 22, whereas Figure 4 shows a Y-post 12' with no such enlarged distal edge on the stem 22. In other respects, the functioning of the apparatus and system of Figures 3 and 4 is similar.

In the embodiments of Figures 3 and 4, the apparatus comprises an elongate element in the form of a shaped retention spring 50. The spring 50 has a similar profile along its length (i.e. intermediate its ends) to the embodiment of Figure 2, so as to secure one or more strands S to the post 12, 12'. In this regard, and as shown in Figure 4, the spring 50 has a wavy profile between its ends that defines alternating projecting sections 52 and trough sections 54 along its length. The strands S are received and retained in respective trough sections 54 when the spring 50 is secured at the post 12' to prevent the strand from sliding up or down the post in use.

Again, each projecting section 52 overlaps the distal edge 20 of the stem 22 of post 12' and is arranged to urge and secure the strand S at the distal edge 20 once the spring 40 has been secured to the post 12. Again, the spring 50 can be deformed along its length such that the projecting sections 52 alternate from side-to-side of the stem 22. Again, the spring 50 may be formed from galvanised spring steel (e.g. 4mm diameter 1060A or 1072 grade spring steel). In the embodiments of Figures 3 and 4, to enable securement of each end to a given location along the Y-post 12, 12', the ends of the spring 50 are adapted (i.e. shaped) in a different manner to previous embodiments. In this regard, a free end 56 of the spring 50 is deformed (bent) to extend around and hook at a hook portion 58 behind a first non-stem flange 60 of the post 12, 12'. Further, an adjacent portion 62 of the spring 50 is deformed (bent) to extend around and hook at a hook-loop portion 64 behind the second non-stem flange 66 of the post 12, 12'. This shaping of each end of spring 50 enables it to be easily formed and readily force-fit onto the post (e.g. tapped or hammered into place, or manually pushed or kicked into place by a user). This shaping of each end of spring 50 also eliminates the use of clamps 24.

Embodiment 5

Referring now to Figure 6, a perspective schematic detail of a fifth embodiment of an apparatus and system are shown, which embodiment again eliminates the use of a clamp at the upper and lower ends of the element. Whilst the apparatus of Figure 6 is similar to Figures 3 and 4, the "system" differs in that Figure 6 shows a Y-post 12" with preformed rebates 68 in a non-enlarged distal edge 20 of stem 22, whereas Figure 4 shows no such rebates. The functioning of the apparatus in Figure 6 is similar to that described for Figures 3 and 4, and like reference numerals have been used to denote similar or like parts.

What can be seen is that the wavy profile between the ends of spring 50' in

Figure 6 has now been sized and shaped such that the alternating projecting sections 52 and trough sections 54 align with the rebates 68 of post 12" along its length. More specifically, each projecting section 52 projects between adjacent rebates 68, whereas each trough section 54 aligns with a respective rebate. Thus, each strand S, when received (loaded) in a given rebate, is retained in that rebate by a respective trough section 54, once the spring 50' has been secured at the post 12". This not only prevents the strand from sliding up or down the post in use, but also better secures each stand to the post.

Again, the spring 50' is deformed along its length such that the projecting sections 52 alternate from side-to-side of the stem 22, as shown in Figure 6. Usually a multiple (e.g. excess) number of discrete rebates 68 are formed in a spaced manner along the stem 22, each available (though not necessarily used) for a respective strand S to be secured to the post 12". Thus, the user can select a suitable number of rebates for the desired number of strands and spacing required. The rebates 68 can be rolled into the post during its forming (i.e. as part of a hot roll-forming operation). Alternatively, they may be cut or pressed into the post after roll-forming (i.e. whilst the post is still hot), or machined, cut etc in a subsequent cold-forming step. Embodiment 6

Referring now to Figure 7, a perspective schematic detail of a sixth embodiment of an apparatus and system are shown, which embodiment again eliminates the use of a clamp at the upper and lower ends of the element.

The apparatus of Figure 7 comprises a retention strand in the form of a bendable/flexible rod 70. The system of Figure 7 comprises the rod 70 and a Y-post 12" that is provided with a number of angled rebates 72 along its length, each available for receiving therein a respective strand S. When opposing ends of the rod 70 are secured to the post, the rod 70 flexes and urges against the strands to retain them in their respective rebates 72. The rod 70 can comprise and be supplied as a straight piece of wire or rod of e.g. galvanised spring steel.

The rod 70 is adapted at each end for securement to the post. In this regard, at least one of the ends (e.g. the uppermost end, although usually both ends) of the rod 70 comprises a hook 74 (see e.g. Figure 8) that is received in an aperture 76 defined within the stem 22 to hook that end onto the post. As mentioned above, a hook is easy to form and is also easy to attach to a post.

In Figure 8, it will be seen that the aperture 76 is formed to be elongate and to extend laterally in the stem 22. As shown in Figure 8A, to attach the hook 74 into aperture 76 the rod 70 is oriented to extend laterally. Once received in the aperture, the rod 70 is pivoted down so that the opposing hook 74 can be positioned into its respective aperture. During such pivoting, the rod engages against, and bends/flexes around the one or more strands S to secure and retain them in their respective rebates 72. Once in this position, the hooks 74 resist dislodgement from their respective apertures. Embodiment 7

Referring now to Figures 9 and 10, a seventh embodiment of an apparatus and system are shown, which embodiment again eliminates the use of a clamp at the upper and lower ends of the element.

The apparatus of Figure 9 comprises an elongate retention strand that is bent back on itself (i.e. 180° midway between its ends) so as to take the form of an elongate clip 90. The clip 90 can comprise and be formed from a length of wire or rod of e.g. galvanised spring steel that is bent so as to define the profiling as shown.

In this regard, the clip 90 comprises opposing, parallel and mirror-image filaments 92A and 92B, which are connected at their in-use lower ends via a ring connector 94. The ring connector 94 is bent away relative to an elongate axis of the filaments, as best shown in Figures 9B and 9D.

Each upper end of the filaments 92A, 92B is bent in to define respective hooks 96A and 96B, each for hooking into a respective side of an elongate aperture in the stem 122, as will be described below. The hooks 96A and 96B are also bent away relative to an elongate axis of the filaments, as best shown in Figures 9B and 9D. This enables the hooks 96A and 96B to locate adjacent to respective sides of the stem 122.

Each of the filaments 92A, 92B is also bent at two locations along its length to define respective triangular-shaped troughs 98A and 99A and 98B and 99B. Thus, the clip is configured such that shorter lengths of filament connect adjacent troughs, as well as connecting the troughs to respective ends of the clip 90. Each trough is adapted (shaped and configured) for receiving therein a respective strand, as will be described below.

The system 100 of Figure 10 makes use of one or more of the elongate clips 90 of Figure 9. The system typically comprises multiple elongate clips 90 for each of a number of modified Y-posts 112. Each Y-post 1 12 is provided with a number of elongate apertures 114 along the length of stem 122, with each aperture available for receiving therein a respective hook 96A and 96B when the hooks are located on opposing sides of the stem 122. The hooks 96A, 96B are easy to form and are also easily attached to the post 112. The apertures 114 are aligned to extend longitudinally in the stem 122 (i.e. parallel to the post's elongate axis). This allows for in-situ adjustment of the hooks into place, as explained below. It will also be seen that the uppermost aperture 1 14' is in fact "cut in half to effectively define a notch in the upper end of the stem 122. This notch provides an easy start point in use of the system.

In use of the system 100, and as initially shown in Figure 10B, a first clip 90 is positioned such that the hooks 96A and 96B locate in the uppermost aperture 1 14' (direction of arrow 1), with the clip "pivoted" away from the post 1 12. A first wire strand S _t is then located in the uppermost trough 99A/B of the clip 90, and pivoting of the clip around the uppermost aperture 114' is then commenced (direction of arrow 3), to eventually trap the first strand Si in the trough 99A/B (i.e. against an edge of stem 122). A second wire strand S2 is moved up to locate in the lowermost trough 98A/B of the clip (direction of arrow 2), whilst completing the downwards pivoting (direction of arrow 3) of the clip to the position shown in Figure IOC, thereby trapping the second strand S ₂ in the trough 98A/B.

As shown in Figure IOC, a third wire strand S ₃ is now located in the vicinity of the ring connector 94 of clip 90, and a second clip 90' is then positioned such that, initially, the hooks 96A and 96B of clip 90' extend over the third strand S ₃ and thread through the ring connector 94 of clip 90. This action starts to locate the third strand S ₃ in the uppermost trough 99A/B of clip 90'. The hooks 96A, 96B of clip 90' are eventually moved to locate in the aperture 114 (direction of arrow 4), and pivoting of the clip 90' around the aperture 114 is now commenced, to eventually trap the third strand S ₃ in the trough 99A/B of clip 90'. A fourth wire strand S4 is then located in the lowermost trough 98A/B of the clip 90', and downwards pivoting of clip 90' is completed to the position shown in Figure 10D, thereby trapping the fourth strand S ₄ in the trough 98A/B.

This process can be repeated down the post 112 for its full length (see e.g. clip 90" in Figure 10E, etc). In addition, not every trough needs to support a wire strand (i.e. the user can select which troughs are to be used depending on how many strands are required). The system thus provides a rapid, easy-to-use and "tool-free" system for securing a number of wire strands to a post. Embodiment 8

Referring now to Figure 11, an eighth embodiment of an apparatus is shown, which embodiment again eliminates the use of a clamp at the ends of the element. In this embodiment the apparatus is adapted for securing a strand with respect to two elongate flanges of a post. In this regard, each end of the element is adapted for securement to a respective one of the two flanges 130 and 132, to secure the strand S with respect to those flanges. These two flanges are often referred to as the "wing" flanges, whereas flange 122 is referred to as the "stalk" or "stem" flange.

In this embodiment, the element takes the form of a single elongate wire/rod that is deformed/bent into a clip 200. Each end 202 and 204 of the clip 200 defines a flange securement part 206, 206' and a strand securing part 208, 208', respectively.

As best illustrated by Figure 1 ID and 1 IE, the flange securement parts 206, 206' comprise hook sections 210, 210' that are each able to hook behind a "rear" side of a respective flange 130 and 132. The hook sections 210, 210' are formed into the wire/rod 200 at a location that is inset from the end of the wire/rod 200.

Further, the strand securing parts 208, 208' comprise upstanding projections 212, 212' located at each of the very ends of the clip 200. Each projection 212, 212' is able to receive and hook a part of the strand therebehind, to secure the strand with respect to the flanges 130 and 132.

Each projection 212, 212' is also oriented to project, and is provided with a defined length, such that it can locate (e.g. abut) at an opposite side of its respective flange to that side where the hook sections 210, 210' locate. In other words, each of the projections 212, 212' performs a dual function, namely: securing the strand to the post and assisting in securing the clip 200 to the post.

In use of the clip 200, and as initially shown in Figure 1 IB, a wire strand S is pushed/loaded into the clip (direction of arrow 1) to locate and be retained behind the projections 212, 212'. The clip 200 is then opened out (direction of arrow 2) at the securement parts 206, 206' with a suitable prising tool (not shown). The opened out clip 200 is now moved (direction of arrow 3 in Figure 1 1C) onto, and so as to span beyond, the respective flanges 130, 132. The prising tool is released and removed, so that the securement parts 206, 206' of clip 200 close (direction of arrow 4 in Figure 11C) whereby the hook sections 210, 210' locate onto and sit behind the respective flanges 130, 132. At the same time, the projections 212, 212' locate in front of the respective flanges 130, 132.

Embodiment 9

Referring now to Figure 12, a ninth embodiment of an apparatus is shown, which embodiment also eliminates the use of a clamp at the ends of the element. In this embodiment the apparatus is also adapted for securing one or more strands with respect to two elongate flanges of a post. In this regard, each end of the element is adapted for securement adjacent to the join of the two flanges 130 and 132, to secure the strand S (Figure 12C) with respect to those flanges. In particular, the element can be secured in the base of the "V" defined by the two flanges 130 and 132.

In this embodiment, the element takes the form of a single elongate wire/rod that is deformed/bent into a clip 300. Figure 12A shows a clip 300 that can extend for a significant length of the Y-post 112. Figure 12C shows the simple case of a discrete clip 300' for a respective strand S, with clip 300' extending for a short length of the Y-post 1 12.

As best illustrated in Figure 12B, the ends 302 and 304 of the clip 300 are each secured (e.g. by being spot-welded) in the base of the "V" defined by the two flanges 130 and 132. The clip 300 also comprises intermediate parts 306, 306', etc that can each also be secured (e.g. as necessary, by being spot-welded) in the base of the "V".

One or a series of respective strand securing parts 308, 308', 308", etc of the clip 300 can be provided along the length of the clip and so as to project out beyond the extent of the flanges 130 and 132, as best illustrated in Figure 12B. This allows for easy threading through of each strand S (Figures 12B&C), to secure the strand with respect to the flanges 130 and 132.

It will also be seen from Figure 12B that the clip 300 is configured such that it does not extend beyond an imaginary circular envelope E. This means that, once the clip 300 has been secured to the post 112, the assembled unit can then be loaded into the end of a tubular guide of a fence post driver, for subsequent driving of the assembled unit into the ground, without damaging the clip (or without the clip interfering with the tubular guide). If desired, (e.g. to prevent up-and-down movement of the strand), each strand may also be fastened to its respective strand securing part 308, 308', 308", etc by a conventional C-clip.

In use, the assembled unit (clip 300 already secured to post 112) can be supplied directly to a user, so that no further tools are required to attach one or more strands to the post 1 12.

Embodiment 10

Referring now to Figure 13, a tenth embodiment of an apparatus is shown. In this embodiment the apparatus is also adapted for securing one or more strands with respect to two elongate flanges of a post. In this regard, each end of the element is adapted for securement with respect to the two flanges 130 and 132, to secure the strand S with respect to those flanges.

In the embodiment of Figure 13, the element again takes the form of a single elongate wire/rod that is deformed/bent into a clip 400. Figure 13 A shows a clip 400 that can extend for a significant length of the Y-post 112. Figure 13B shows the simple case of a discrete clip 400' for one or two respective strands, with clip 400' extending for a short length of the Y-post 112. Figure 13C shows a strand S being secured on the clip 400 near to an upper end thereof using a C-clip C.

As best illustrated in Figures 13A&B, the clip 400, 400' comprises ends 402 and 404 which are each secured (e.g. by being spot-welded) at or adjacent to opposing edges of the two flanges 130 and 132. In this regard, the clip 400 comprises a series of horizontal portions 406, 406', 406" etc and a series of alternatingly located vertical portions 408, 408', 408" etc that can each be secured (e.g. by being spot-welded) to one or both opposing edges of the two flanges 130 and 132.

One or more strands can be connected to respective ones of the horizontal portions 406, 406', 406" via respective C-clips (as illustrated by Figure 13C) to secure each strand with respect to the flanges 130 and 132. Instead, each strand could be threaded up/down and around the back of a respective horizontal portion 406 to secure the strand to the post without the use of C-clips.

It should also be noted that the clips 400, 400' can be configured such that they can be mounted to the post 112 so as not to extend beyond the edges of the flanges 130 and 132. Again, this means that, once either of the clips 400, 400' has been secured to the post 1 12, the assembled unit can then be loaded into the end of a tubular guide of a fence post driver, for subsequent driving of the assembled unit into the ground, without damaging the clip, or without the clip interfering with the tubular guide.

In use, the assembled unit (clips 400, 400' already secured to post 1 12) can be supplied directly to a user, so that generally only a C-clip tool is required to attach one or more strands to the post 1 12.

Embodiment 11

Referring now to Figure 14, an eleventh embodiment of an apparatus is shown. In this embodiment the apparatus is also adapted for securing one or more strands with respect to two elongate flanges of a post. In this regard, each end of the element is adapted for securement with respect to the two flanges 130 and 132, to secure the strand S with respect to those flanges.

In the embodiment of Figure 14, the element again takes the form of a single elongate wire/rod that is deformed/bent into a clip 500. Figure 14A shows a clip 500 that can extend for a significant length of the Y-post 112. Figure 14B shows the simple case of a discrete clip 500' for one respective strand, with clip 500' extending for a short length of the Y-post 112.

Each of the clips 500, 500' comprises ends 502 and 504 which are each secured (e.g. by being spot-welded) at or adjacent to one or two opposing edges of the two flanges 130 and 132. The clip 500 comprises a series of horizontal portions 506, 506', 506" etc that can each be secured (e.g. by being spot-welded) to one or both of the opposing inside surfaces of the two flanges 130 and 132. The clip 500 also comprises a series of alternatingly located vertical portions 508, 508', 508" etc.

One or more strands can be connected to respective ones of the vertical portions

508, 508', 508 by being inserted though the gap G defined between those portions and an adjacent edge of one of the two flanges 130 and 132. Alternatively, the one or more strands can be attached to a respective vertical portion via a respective C-clip to secure each strand with respect to the flanges 130 and 132. The C-clip may also help to prevent up-and-down movement of each strand in its respective gap G. In use, the assembled unit (clips 500, 500' already secured to post 112) can be supplied directly to a user, so that either no tool or only a C-clip tool is required to attach one or more strands to the post 112.

In the apparatus and systems as described above in Figures 1 to 14, each of the springs 40 and 50, rod 70, and clips 90, 200, 300, 400 or 500 can be formed from the same stock of resilient material to be bent, deformed and/or flexed in use to support or secure the one or more strands S each strand to the post. Such stock can comprise, for example, wire or rod formed from optionally galvanised spring steel. Such stock is generally thicker than the fence wire strands S to be used.

The apparatus and systems as described above in Figures 1 to 14 have been designed to reduce the degree of manual labour in securing one or more strands to a post, and to enable simple and rapid attachment of wire strands to a post by the user (i.e. in the field). The apparatus and systems can eliminate numerous of the ties employed in existing fencing arrangements as well as the services of a skilled fencer. The apparatus and systems may also reduce the number of special tools required.

The apparatus and systems as described above in Figures 1 to 14 have been specifically designed for posts having at least one elongate flange and typically three elongate flanges extending along its length (e.g. Y- and T-posts, etc). The apparatus has also been adapted for securement to a given, desirable location along the flange to secure one or a multiple number of strands to the flange.

Examples

Non-limiting Examples of methods for securing at least one strand to a post will now be described, with reference to the various embodiments of the apparatus and system as shown in Figures 1 to 14.

In a general sense the methods comprised the steps:

1. Attaching one end of an elongate element (e.g. springs 40 or 50, rod 70 or clips 90, 200-500) to a given location along the post (12, 12', 12", 112).

2. Positioning one or multiple strands S at desired locations along the post.

3. Attaching an opposite end of the elongate element to another location along the post. In such methods the elongate element was able to engage and secure (i.e. retain) the strands at their desired locations.

As will become clear from Examples 1 to 8, steps 1. and 2. were able to be reversed, or to occur simultaneously. The step 2. final positioning was able to occur after step 3., or step 2. was able to occur before steps 1. and 2. The steps 1., 2. and 3. were, in some instances, even able to occur simultaneously.

In any case, such methods were observed to reduce the degree of manual and skilled labour, and the need for a number of specialised tools, when securing strands to a post, in that the strand(s) were able to be located and the element simply and rapidly fitted by the user in the field.

Example 1

In one version of the method, using the apparatus and system of Figure 1, the post 12 was first driven into the ground to the desired depth. The plate 10, with the clamps 24 pre-affixed thereto at each end, was either:

(1) Slid into place from an upper end of the post 12 to a desired location, and the clamps 24 optionally affixed in place along and to the stem 22 (e.g. using grub screw(s) in the clamp). Each of the strands S was then threaded into a respective trough 16. As an alternative to affixing the clamps to the stem, or additionally to such affixing, the upper end of the post was then swaged, as per Figure 5, to prevent removal of the clamps from the post; or

(2) Pressed/forced onto the stem 22 at the desired location (e.g. manually, or by using a suitable tool, gun, etc), with each of the strands S having already aligned against the post for receipt into a respective trough 16. In this case, and as an option, the upper (or lower) clamp was able to be pressed/forced first onto the stem 22, the strands then moved into their respective troughs, and the lower (or upper) clamp was then pressed/forced onto the stem 22. In a variation, each of the strands S was threaded into a respective trough 16 after pressing/forcing the clamps 24 onto the stem 22.

Example 2

In a version of the method similar to Example 1, and using the apparatus and system of Figure 2, the post 12 was first driven into the ground to the desired depth.

The spring 40, with the clamps 24 pre-affixed thereto at each end, was then attached to the post 12 using either the methodology (1) of Example 1, or the methodology (2) of Example 1.

Example 3

In a version of the method similar to Example 1, but using the apparatus and system of Figures 3 and 4, the post 12 or 12' was first driven into the ground to the desired depth. The spring 50 was then attached to the post 12 or 12' using the methodology (2) of Example 1.

In this regard, the hook portion 58 of free end 56 of the spring 50 was urged to hook behind the first non-stem flange 60 of the post 12, 12', and the hook-loop portion 64 of adjacent portion 62 of the spring 50 was urged to hook behind the second non- stem flange 66 of the post 12, 12'. This urging was effected by tapping or hammering each of the spring ends into place, or by manually pushing or kicking them into place. Example 4

In a version of the method similar to Example 1, but using the apparatus and system of Figure 6, the post 12" was first driven into the ground to the desired depth. The spring 50' was then attached to the post 12" using the methodology (2) of Example 1, and as outlined in more detail in Example 3.

However, in this Example, each strand S was pre-loaded in a given rebate 68. Thus, once spring 50' was attached in place to the post 12", each strand S was retained in that rebate by a respective trough section 54. In a variation, the projecting sections 52 were positioned on the post 12" so as to alternate from side-to-side of the stem 22. Example 5

In a different version of the method, and using the apparatus and system of Figure 7, the post 12" was first driven into the ground to the desired depth. The rod 70 was then attached to the post 12". Again, in this Example, each strand S was pre-loaded into a given rebate 72.

In this Example, the rod 70 was oriented to extend laterally so that the upper hook 74 could be positioned into aperture 76. Once received in the aperture, the rod 70 was pivoted down, whereby the rod 70 engaged against and bent/flexed around the strands S to secure and retain them in their respective rebates 72. Eventually the opposing lower hook 74 was oriented so that it could be positioned (manoeuvred) into its respective lower aperture 76. Once in this position, the hooks 74 were observed to resist dislodgement from their respective apertures 76.

Example 6

In a version of the method, using the apparatus and system of Figures 9 and 10, the post 1 12 was first driven into the ground to the desired depth. The hooked ends 96A/B of a first clip 90 were manually located in the notch 114' of the stem 122 at the desired location. The strands Si and S2 were then located in the clip 90 (as described above), and a next clip 90' together with strands Si and S2 was then located on the stem 122, and so on down the post. Using the apparatus and system of Figures 9 and 10, strand-to-post securement was able to be performed rapidly and easily, and without requiring any tools.

Example 7

In a version of the method, using the apparatus of Figure 1 1, the post 112 was first driven into the ground to the desired depth. The strand S was manually located into a respective clip 200, which was then loaded onto the flanges 130, 132 at the desired location, making use of a prising tool. This procedure was repeated for subsequent required strands down or up the post. Again, using the apparatus of Figure 11, strand- to-post securement was able to be performed rapidly and easily, requiring only one prising tool.

Example 8

In another version of the method, using one of the apparatus of Figures 12 to 14, the clip 300, 400 or 500 was first attached (e.g. by an appropriate series of spot welds) to the post 112. The assembled post was then driven into the ground to the desired depth (e.g. using a fence post driver). The strand S was manually located in a respective clip 300, 400 or 500. In some cases a tool (e.g. a clip gun) was employed to secure the strand to a given part of the clip 300, 400 or 500 using a C-clip.

The apparatus, methods and systems as outlined in the Examples were observed to enable a user (e.g. a farmer) to simply and rapidly construct a fence line, without the need for complex tools. The apparatus, methods and systems as outlined in the

Examples were also easy and cost-effective to manufacture. Whilst a number of specific apparatus, method and system embodiments have been described, it should be appreciated that the device and system may be embodied in many other forms.

For example, the strand to be attached to the post can include elongate components such as rod, bar, etc. The post need not be limited to upright posts and pickets and can include rails, cross-members, struts, stays, channels, etc which in use extend other than vertically.

The clamps employed with the "element" can be moulded or cast with a recess that is suited to whatever shape or configuration is provided at the post distal edge. The clamps can be formed from a deformable material (e.g. such as a plastic or bendable metal), and rather than being pushed on or snap-fitted to the post, can be crimped (or otherwise deformed) onto the post, such as by employing a special crimping tool. The clamps can be loaded into a purpose-built "clip" gun. Such a gun can be manually activated or e.g. pneumatically powered and be able to rapidly increase the speed and ease of mounting of the clamps to a post.

Instead of grub screws, the clamps can include inwardly projecting

protuberance(s) that align with e.g. a given notch in the post once the clamp has been located in its desired location along the post, or a grub screw can be advanced into interfering location within the notch.

Whilst a usual application of the apparatus, methods and systems is in fencing, to secure wire strands to a fence post, the apparatus, methods and systems can be employed in applications such as demarcation, signage, retention, barricades etc.

Also, whilst the posts are usually roll-formed from steel to have a Y-shaped or T-shaped profile, and are usually cut at the end to take the form of a picket, the posts can optionally be moulded from a plastic material (e.g. for use in electric fencing).

In the claims which follow, and in the preceding description, except where the context requires otherwise due to express language or necessary implication, the word "comprise" and variations such as "comprises" or "comprising" are used in an inclusive sense, i.e. to specify the presence of the stated features but not to preclude the presence or addition of further features in various embodiments of the apparatus, method and system as disclosed herein.