(SC) TRANSMISSION

CROSS REFERENCE

[001] This Application claims the benefit of and priority from US Provisional Patent Application No. 62/370,842 entitled "APPARATUS, SYSTEM AND METHOD OF COMMUNICATING A MIMO TRANSMISSION ACCORDING TO A SPACE-FREQUENCY DIVERSITY SCHEME", filed August 4, 2016, the entire disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference.

TECHNICAL FIELD

[002] Embodiments described herein generally relate to communicating a Single Carrier (SC) transmission.

BACKGROUND

[003] A wireless communication network in a millimeter-wave band may provide high-speed data access for users of wireless communication devices.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[004] For simplicity and clarity of illustration, elements shown in the figures have not necessarily been drawn to scale. For example, the dimensions of some of the elements may be exaggerated relative to other elements for clarity of presentation. Furthermore, reference numerals may be repeated among the figures to indicate corresponding or analogous elements. The figures are listed below

[005] Fig. 1 is a schematic block diagram illustration of a system, in accordance with some demonstrative embodiments.

[006] Fig. 2 is a schematic illustration of a symbol block structure, which may be implemented for communication over a directional band, in accordance with some demonstrative embodiments.

[007] Fig. 3 is a schematic illustration of a spectrum circular shift of a signal in a frequency domain, in accordance with some demonstrative embodiments.

[008] Fig. 4 is a schematic illustration of first and second spatial streams in a frequency domain, in accordance with some demonstrative embodiments.

[009] Fig. 5 is a schematic flow-chart illustration of a method of communicating a Single Carrier (SC) transmission, in accordance with some demonstrative embodiments.

[0010] Fig. 6 is a schematic flow-chart illustration of a method of communicating a SC transmission, in accordance with some demonstrative embodiments.

[001 1] Fig. 7 is a schematic illustration of a product of manufacture, in accordance with some demonstrative embodiments.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0012] In the following detailed description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of some embodiments. However, it will be understood by persons of ordinary skill in the art that some embodiments may be practiced without these specific details. In other instances, well-known methods, procedures, components, units and/or circuits have not been described in detail so as not to obscure the discussion.

[0013] Discussions herein utilizing terms such as, for example, "processing", "computing", "calculating", "determining", "establishing", "analyzing", "checking", or the like, may refer to operation(s) and/or process(es) of a computer, a computing platform, a computing system, or other electronic computing device, that manipulate and/or transform data represented as physical (e.g., electronic) quantities within the computer's registers and/or memories into other data similarly represented as physical quantities within the computer's registers and/or memories or other information storage medium that may store instructions to perform operations and/or processes.

[0014] The terms "plurality" and "a plurality", as used herein, include, for example, "multiple" or "two or more". For example, "a plurality of items" includes two or more items.

[0015] References to "one embodiment", "an embodiment", "demonstrative embodiment", "various embodiments" etc., indicate that the embodiment s) so described may include a particular feature, structure, or characteristic, but not every embodiment necessarily includes the particular feature, structure, or characteristic. Further, repeated use of the phrase "in one embodiment" does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, although it may.

[0016] As used herein, unless otherwise specified the use of the ordinal adjectives "first", "second", "third" etc., to describe a common object, merely indicate that different instances of like objects are being referred to, and are not intended to imply that the objects so described must be in a given sequence, either temporally, spatially, in ranking, or in any other manner.

[0017] Some embodiments may be used in conjunction with various devices and systems, for example, a User Equipment (UE), a Mobile Device (MD), a wireless station (STA), a Personal Computer (PC), a desktop computer, a mobile computer, a laptop computer, a notebook computer, a tablet computer, a server computer, a handheld computer, a handheld device, a wearable device, a sensor device, an Internet of Things (IoT) device, a Personal Digital Assistant (PDA) device, a handheld PDA device, an on-board device, an off-board device, a hybrid device, a vehicular device, a non-vehicular device, a mobile or portable device, a consumer device, a non-mobile or non-portable device, a wireless communication station, a wireless communication device, a wireless Access Point (AP), a wired or wireless router, a wired or wireless modem, a video device, an audio device, an audio-video (A V) device, a wired or wireless network, a wireless area network, a Wireless Video Area Network (WVAN), a Local Area Network (LAN), a Wireless LAN (WLAN), a Personal Area Network (PAN), a Wireless PAN (WPAN), and the like.

[0018] Some embodiments may be used in conjunction with devices and/or networks operating in accordance with existing IEEE 802.11 standards (including IEEE 802.11-2016 (IEEE 802.11-2016, IEEE Standard for Information technology— Telecommunications and information exchange between systems Local and metropolitan area networks— Specific requirements Part 11: Wireless LAN Medium Access Control (MAC) and Physical Layer (PHY) Specifications, December 7, 2016); IEEE 802. Hay (P802.11ay Standard for Information Technology— Telecommunications and Information Exchange Between Systems Local and Metropolitan Area Networks— Specific Requirements Part 11: Wireless LAN Medium Access Control (MAC) and Physical Layer (PHY) Specifications— Amendment: Enhanced Throughput or Operation in License -Exempt Bands Above 45 GHz)) and/or future versions and/or derivatives thereof, devices and/or networks operating in accordance with existing WiFi Alliance (WFA) Peer-to-Peer (P2P) specifications (including WiFi P2P technical specification, version 1.5, August 4, 2015) and/or future versions and/or derivatives thereof, devices and/or networks operating in accordance with existing Wireless-Gigabit-Alliance (WGA) specifications (including Wireless Gigabit Alliance, Inc WiGig MAC and PHY Specification Version 1.1, April 2011, Final specification) and/or future versions and/or derivatives thereof, devices and/or networks operating in accordance with existing cellular specifications and/or protocols, e.g., 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), 3GPP Long Term Evolution (LTE) and/or future versions and/or derivatives thereof, units and/or devices which are part of the above networks, and the like.

[0019] Some embodiments may be used in conjunction with one way and/or two-way radio communication systems, cellular radio-telephone communication systems, a mobile phone, a cellular telephone, a wireless telephone, a Personal Communication Systems (PCS) device, a PDA device which incorporates a wireless communication device, a mobile or portable Global Positioning System (GPS) device, a device which incorporates a GPS receiver or transceiver or chip, a device which incorporates an RFID element or chip, a Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) transceiver or device, a Single Input Multiple Output (SIMO) transceiver or device, a Multiple Input Single Output (MISO) transceiver or device, a device having one or more internal antennas and/or external antennas, Digital Video Broadcast (DVB) devices or systems, multi- standard radio devices or systems, a wired or wireless handheld device, e.g., a Smartphone, a Wireless Application Protocol (WAP) device, or the like.

[0020] Some embodiments may be used in conjunction with one or more types of wireless communication signals and/or systems, for example, Radio Frequency (RF), Infra Red (IR), Frequency-Division Multiplexing (FDM), Orthogonal FDM (OFDM), Orthogonal Frequency- Division Multiple Access (OFDMA), FDM Time-Division Multiplexing (TDM), Time-Division Multiple Access (TDMA), Multi-User MIMO (MU-MIMO), Spatial Division Multiple Access (SDMA), Extended TDMA (E-TDMA), General Packet Radio Service (GPRS), extended GPRS, Code-Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Wideband CDMA (WCDMA), CDMA 2000, single- carrier CDMA, multi-carrier CDMA, Multi-Carrier Modulation (MDM), Discrete Multi-Tone (DMT), Bluetooth®, Global Positioning System (GPS), Wi-Fi, Wi-Max, ZigBee™, Ultra- Wideband (UWB), Global System for Mobile communication (GSM), 2G, 2.5G, 3G, 3.5G, 4G, Fifth Generation (5G), or Sixth Generation (6G) mobile networks, 3GPP, Long Term Evolution (LTE), LTE advanced, Enhanced Data rates for GSM Evolution (EDGE), or the like. Other embodiments may be used in various other devices, systems and/or networks.

[0021] The term "wireless device", as used herein, includes, for example, a device capable of wireless communication, a communication device capable of wireless communication, a communication station capable of wireless communication, a portable or non-portable device capable of wireless communication, or the like. In some demonstrative embodiments, a wireless device may be or may include a peripheral that is integrated with a computer, or a peripheral that is attached to a computer. In some demonstrative embodiments, the term "wireless device" may optionally include a wireless service.

[0022] The term "communicating" as used herein with respect to a communication signal includes transmitting the communication signal and/or receiving the communication signal. For example, a communication unit, which is capable of communicating a communication signal, may include a transmitter to transmit the communication signal to at least one other communication unit, and/or a communication receiver to receive the communication signal from at least one other communication unit. The verb communicating may be used to refer to the action of transmitting or the action of receiving. In one example, the phrase "communicating a signal" may refer to the action of transmitting the signal by a first device, and may not necessarily include the action of receiving the signal by a second device. In another example, the phrase "communicating a signal" may refer to the action of receiving the signal by a first device, and may not necessarily include the action of transmitting the signal by a second device. The communication signal may be transmitted and/or received, for example, in the form of Radio Frequency (RF) communication signals, and/or any other type of signal.

[0023] As used herein, the term "circuitry" may refer to, be part of, or include, an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), an integrated circuit, an electronic circuit, a processor (shared, dedicated, or group), and/or memory (shared, dedicated, or group), that execute one or more software or firmware programs, a combinational logic circuit, and/or other suitable hardware components that provide the described functionality. In some embodiments, the circuitry may be implemented in, or functions associated with the circuitry may be implemented by, one or more software or firmware modules. In some embodiments, circuitry may include logic, at least partially operable in hardware.

[0024] The term "logic" may refer, for example, to computing logic embedded in circuitry of a computing apparatus and/or computing logic stored in a memory of a computing apparatus. For example, the logic may be accessible by a processor of the computing apparatus to execute the computing logic to perform computing functions and/or operations. In one example, logic may be embedded in various types of memory and/or firmware, e.g., silicon blocks of various chips and/or processors. Logic may be included in, and/or implemented as part of, various circuitry, e.g. radio circuitry, receiver circuitry, control circuitry, transmitter circuitry, transceiver circuitry, processor circuitry, and/or the like. In one example, logic may be embedded in volatile memory and/or non-volatile memory, including random access memory, read only memory, programmable memory, magnetic memory, flash memory, persistent memory, and the like. Logic may be executed by one or more processors using memory, e.g., registers, stuck, buffers, and/or the like, coupled to the one or more processors, e.g., as necessary to execute the logic.

[0025] Some demonstrative embodiments may be used in conjunction with a WLAN, e g , a WiFi network. Other embodiments may be used in conjunction with any other suitable wireless communication network, for example, a wireless area network, a "piconet", a WPAN, a WVAN and the like.

[0026] Some demonstrative embodiments may be used in conjunction with a wireless communication network communicating over a frequency band of above 45GHz, e.g., 60GHz. However, other embodiments may be implemented utilizing any other suitable wireless communication frequency bands, for example, an Extremely High Frequency (EHF) band (the millimeter wave (mmWave) frequency band), e.g., a frequency band within the frequency band of between 20Ghz and 300GHz, a frequency band above 45GHz, a frequency band below 20GHz, e.g., a Sub 1 GHz (S1G) band, a 2.4GHz band, a 5GHz band, a WLAN frequency band, a WPAN frequency band, a frequency band according to the WGA specification, and the like.

[0027] The term "antenna", as used herein, may include any suitable configuration, structure and/or arrangement of one or more antenna elements, components, units, assemblies and/or arrays. In some embodiments, the antenna may implement transmit and receive functionalities using separate transmit and receive antenna elements. In some embodiments, the antenna may implement transmit and receive functionalities using common and/or integrated transmit/receive elements. The antenna may include, for example, a phased array antenna, a single element antenna, a set of switched beam antennas, and/or the like

[0028] The phrases "directional multi-gigabit (DMG)" and "directional band" (DBand), as used herein, may relate to a frequency band wherein the Channel starting frequency is above 45 GHz. In one example, DMG communications may involve one or more directional links to communicate at a rate of multiple gigabits per second, for example, at least 1 Gigabit per second, e.g., at least 7 Gigabit per second, at least 30 Gigabit per second, or any other rate.

[0029] Some demonstrative embodiments may be implemented by a DMG STA (also referred to as a "mmWave STA (mSTA)"), which may include for example, a STA having a radio transmitter, which is capable of operating on a channel that is within the DMG band. The DMG STA may perform other additional or alternative functionality. Other embodiments may be implemented by any other apparatus, device and/or station.

[0030] Reference is made to Fig. 1, which schematically illustrates a system 100, in accordance with some demonstrative embodiments.

[0031] As shown in Fig. 1, in some demonstrative embodiments, system 100 may include one or more wireless communication devices. For example, system 100 may include a wireless communication device 102, a wireless communication device 140, and/or one more other devices.

[0032] In some demonstrative embodiments, devices 102 and/or 140 may include a mobile device or a non-mobile, e.g., a static, device.

[0033] For example, devices 102 and/or 140 may include, for example, a UE, an MD, a STA, an AP, a PC, a desktop computer, a mobile computer, a laptop computer, an Ultrabook™ computer, a notebook computer, a tablet computer, a server computer, a handheld computer, an Internet of Things (IoT) device, a sensor device, a handheld device, a wearable device, a PDA device, a handheld PDA device, an on-board device, an off-board device, a hybrid device (e.g., combining cellular phone functionalities with PDA device functionalities), a consumer device, a vehicular device, a non-vehicular device, a mobile or portable device, a non-mobile or nonportable device, a mobile phone, a cellular telephone, a PCS device, a PDA device which incorporates a wireless communication device, a mobile or portable GPS device, a DVB device, a relatively small computing device, a non-desktop computer, a "Carry Small Live Large" (CSLL) device, an Ultra Mobile Device (UMD), an Ultra Mobile PC (UMPC), a Mobile Internet Device (MID), an "Origami" device or computing device, a device that supports Dynamically Composable Computing (DCC), a context-aware device, a video device, an audio device, an A/V device, a Set-Top-Box (STB), a Blu-ray disc (BD) player, a BD recorder, a Digital Video Disc (DVD) player, a High Definition (HD) DVD player, a DVD recorder, a HD DVD recorder, a Personal Video Recorder (PVR), a broadcast HD receiver, a video source, an audio source, a video sink, an audio sink, a stereo tuner, a broadcast radio receiver, a flat panel display, a Personal Media Player (PMP), a digital video camera (DVC), a digital audio player, a speaker, an audio receiver, an audio amplifier, a gaming device, a data source, a data sink, a Digital Still camera (DSC), a media player, a Smartphone, a television, a music player, or the like.

[0034] In some demonstrative embodiments, device 102 may include, for example, one or more of a processor 191, an input unit 192, an output unit 193, a memory unit 194, and/or a storage unit 195; and/or device 140 may include, for example, one or more of a processor 181, an input unit 182, an output unit 183, a memory unit 184, and/or a storage unit 185. Devices 102 and/or 140 may optionally include other suitable hardware components and/or software components. In some demonstrative embodiments, some or all of the components of one or more of devices 102 and/or 140 may be enclosed in a common housing or packaging, and may be interconnected or operably associated using one or more wired or wireless links. In other embodiments, components of one or more of devices 102 and/or 140 may be distributed among multiple or separate devices

[0035] In some demonstrative embodiments, processor 191 and/or processor 181 may include, for example, a Central Processing Unit (CPU), a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), one or more processor cores, a single-core processor, a dual-core processor, a multiple-core processor, a microprocessor, a host processor, a controller, a plurality of processors or controllers, a chip, a microchip, one or more circuits, circuitry, a logic unit, an Integrated Circuit (IC), an Application- Specific IC (ASIC), or any other suitable multi-purpose or specific processor or controller. Processor 191 may execute instructions, for example, of an Operating System (OS) of device 102 and/or of one or more suitable applications. Processor 181 may execute instructions, for example, of an Operating System (OS) of device 140 and/or of one or more suitable applications. [0036] In some demonstrative embodiments, input unit 192 and/or input unit 182 may include, for example, a keyboard, a keypad, a mouse, a touch-screen, a touch-pad, a track-ball, a stylus, a microphone, or other suitable pointing device or input device. Output unit 193 and/or output unit 183 may include, for example, a monitor, a screen, a touch-screen, a flat panel display, a Light Emitting Diode (LED) display unit, a Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) display unit, a plasma display unit, one or more audio speakers or earphones, or other suitable output devices.

[0037] In some demonstrative embodiments, memory unit 194 and/or memory unit 184 includes, for example, a Random Access Memory (RAM), a Read Only Memory (ROM), a Dynamic RAM (DRAM), a Synchronous DRAM (SD-RAM), a flash memory, a volatile memory, a non-volatile memory, a cache memory, a buffer, a short term memory unit, a long term memory unit, or other suitable memory units. Storage unit 195 and/or storage unit 185 may include, for example, a hard disk drive, a floppy disk drive, a Compact Disk (CD) drive, a CD- ROM drive, a DVD drive, or other suitable removable or non-removable storage units. Memory unit 194 and/or storage unit 195, for example, may store data processed by device 102. Memory unit 184 and/or storage unit 185, for example, may store data processed by device 140.

[0038] In some demonstrative embodiments, wireless communication devices 102 and/or 140 may be capable of communicating content, data, information and/or signals via a wireless medium (WM) 103. In some demonstrative embodiments, wireless medium 103 may include, for example, a radio channel, a cellular channel, an RF channel, a WiFi channel, an IR channel, a Bluetooth (BT) channel, a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) Channel, and the like.

[0039] In some demonstrative embodiments, WM 103 may include one or more directional bands and/or channels. For example, WM 103 may include one or more millimeter-wave (mmWave) wireless communication bands and/or channels.

[0040] In some demonstrative embodiments, WM 103 may include one or more DMG channels. In other embodiments WM 103 may include any other directional channels.

[0041] In other embodiments, WM 103 may include any other type of channel over any other frequency band.

[0042] In some demonstrative embodiments, device 102 and/or device 140 may include one or more radios including circuitry and/or logic to perform wireless communication between devices 102, 140 and/or one or more other wireless communication devices. For example, device 102 may include at least one radio 114, and/or device 140 may include at least one radio 144. [0043] In some demonstrative embodiments, radio 114 and/or radio 144 may include one or more wireless receivers (Rx) including circuitry and/or logic to receive wireless communication signals, RF signals, frames, blocks, transmission streams, packets, messages, data items, and/or data. For example, radio 114 may include at least one receiver 116, and/or radio 144 may include at least one receiver 146.

[0044] In some demonstrative embodiments, radio 114 and/or radio 144 may include one or more wireless transmitters (Tx) including circuitry and/or logic to transmit wireless communication signals, RF signals, frames, blocks, transmission streams, packets, messages, data items, and/or data. For example, radio 1 14 may include at least one transmitter 118, and/or radio 144 may include at least one transmitter 148

[0045] In some demonstrative embodiments, radio 1 14 and/or radio 144, transmitters 1 18 and/or 148, and/or receivers 116 and/or 146 may include circuitry; logic; Radio Frequency (RF) elements, circuitry and/or logic; baseband elements, circuitry and/or logic; modulation elements, circuitry and/or logic; demodulation elements, circuitry and/or logic; amplifiers; analog to digital and/or digital to analog converters; filters; and/or the like. For example, radio 1 14 and/or radio 144 may include or may be implemented as part of a wireless Network Interface Card (NIC), and the like.

[0046] In some demonstrative embodiments, radios 1 14 and/or 144 may be configured to communicate over a directional band, for example, an mmWave band, and/or any other band, for example, a 2.4GHz band, a 5GHz band, a S 1 G band, and/or any other band.

[0047] In some demonstrative embodiments, radios 1 14 and/or 144 may include, or may be associated with one or more, e.g., a plurality of, directional antennas.

[0048] In some demonstrative embodiments, device 102 may include one or more, e.g., a plurality of, directional antennas 107, and/or device 140 may include on or more, e.g., a plurality of, directional antennas 147.

[0049] Antennas 107 and/or 147 may include any type of antennas suitable for transmitting and/or receiving wireless communication signals, blocks, frames, transmission streams, packets, messages and/or data. For example, antennas 107 and/or 147 may include any suitable configuration, structure and/or arrangement of one or more antenna elements, components, units, assemblies and/or arrays. Antennas 107 and/or 147 may include, for example, antennas suitable for directional communication, e.g., using beamforming techniques. For example, antennas 107 and/or 147 may include a phased array antenna, a multiple element antenna, a set of switched beam antennas, and/or the like. In some embodiments, antennas 107 and/or 147 may implement transmit and receive functionalities using separate transmit and receive antenna elements. In some embodiments, antennas 107 and/or 147 may implement transmit and receive functionalities using common and/or integrated transmit/receive elements.

[0050] In some demonstrative embodiments, antennas 107 and/or 147 may include directional antennas, which may be steered to one or more beam directions. For example, antennas 107 may be steered to one or more beam directions 135, and/or antennas 147 may be steered to one or more beam directions 145.

[0051] In some demonstrative embodiments, antennas 107 and/or 147 may include and/or may be implemented as part of a single Phased Antenna Array (PAA).

[0052] In some demonstrative embodiments, antennas 107 and/or 147 may be implemented as part of a plurality of PAAs, for example, as a plurality of physically independent PAAs.

[0053] In some demonstrative embodiments, a PAA may include, for example, a rectangular geometry, e.g., including an integer number, denoted M, of rows, and an integer number, denoted N, of columns. In other embodiments, any other types of antennas and/or antenna arrays may be used.

[0054] In some demonstrative embodiments, antennas 107 and/or antennas 147 may be connected to, and/or associated with, one or more Radio Frequency (RF) chains.

[0055] In some demonstrative embodiments, device 102 may include one or more, e.g., a plurality of, RF chains 109 connected to, and/or associated with, antennas 107.

[0056] In some demonstrative embodiments, one or more of RF chains 109 may be included as part of, and/or implemented as part of one or more elements of radio 114, e.g., as part of transmitter 118 and/or receiver 116.

[0057] In some demonstrative embodiments, device 140 may include one or more, e.g., a plurality of, RF chains 149 connected to, and/or associated with, antennas 147.

[0058] In some demonstrative embodiments, one or more of RF chains 149 may be included as part of, and/or implemented as part of one or more elements of radio 144, e.g., as part of transmitter 148 and/or receiver 146.

[0059] In some demonstrative embodiments, device 102 may include a controller 124, and/or device 140 may include a controller 1 4. Controller 124 may be configured to perform and/or to trigger, cause, instruct and/or control device 102 to perform, one or more communications, to generate and/or communicate one or more messages and/or transmissions, and/or to perform one or more functionalities, operations and/or procedures between devices 102, 140 and/or one or more other devices; and/or controller 154 may be configured to perform, and/or to trigger, cause, instruct and/or control device 140 to perform, one or more communications, to generate and/or communicate one or more messages and/or transmissions, and/or to perform one or more functionalities, operations and/or procedures between devices 102, 140 and/or one or more other devices, e.g., as described below.

[0060] In some demonstrative embodiments, controllers 124 and/or 154 may include, or may be implemented, partially or entirely, by circuitry and/or logic, e.g., one or more processors including circuitry and/or logic, memory circuitry and/or logic, Media-Access Control (MAC) circuitry and/or logic, Physical Layer (PHY) circuitry and/or logic, baseband (BB) circuitry and/or logic, a BB processor, a BB memory, Application Processor (AP) circuitry and/or logic, an AP processor, an AP memory, and/or any other circuitry and/or logic, configured to perform the functionality of controllers 124 and/or 154, respectively. Additionally or alternatively, one or more functionalities of controllers 124 and/or 154 may be implemented by logic, which may be executed by a machine and/or one or more processors, e.g., as described below.

[0061] In one example, controller 124 may include circuitry and/or logic, for example, one or more processors including circuitry and/or logic, to cause, trigger and/or control a wireless device, e.g., device 102, and/or a wireless station, e.g., a wireless STA implemented by device 102, to perform one or more operations, communications and/or functionalities, e.g., as described herein.

[0062] In one example, controller 154 may include circuitry and/or logic, for example, one or more processors including circuitry and/or logic, to cause, trigger and/or control a wireless device, e.g., device 140, and/or a wireless station, e.g., a wireless STA implemented by device 140, to perform one or more operations, communications and/or functionalities, e.g., as described herein.

[0063] In some demonstrative embodiments, device 102 may include a message processor 128 configured to generate, process and/or access one or messages communicated by device 102.

[0064] In one example, message processor 128 may be configured to generate one or more messages to be transmitted by device 102, and/or message processor 128 may be configured to access and/or to process one or more messages received by device 102, e.g., as described below.

[0065] In some demonstrative embodiments, device 140 may include a message processor 158 configured to generate, process and/or access one or messages communicated by device 140. [0066] In one example, message processor 158 may be configured to generate one or more messages to be transmitted by device 140, and/or message processor 158 may be configured to access and/or to process one or more messages received by device 140, e.g., as described below.

[0067] In some demonstrative embodiments, message processors 128 and/or 158 may include, or may be implemented, partially or entirely, by circuitry and/or logic, e.g., one or more processors including circuitry and/or logic, memory circuitry and/or logic, Media-Access Control (MAC) circuitry and/or logic, Physical Layer (PHY) circuitry and/or logic, BB circuitry and/or logic, a BB processor, a BB memory, AP circuitry and/or logic, an AP processor, an AP memory, and/or any other circuitry and/or logic, configured to perform the functionality of message processors 128 and/or 158, respectively. Additionally or alternatively, one or more functionalities of message processors 128 and/or 158 may be implemented by logic, which may be executed by a machine and/or one or more processors, e.g., as described below

[0068] In some demonstrative embodiments, at least part of the functionality of message processor 128 may be implemented as part of radio 114, and/or at least part of the functionality of message processor 158 may be implemented as part of radio 144.

[0069] In some demonstrative embodiments, at least part of the functionality of message processor 128 may be implemented as part of controller 124, and/or at least part of the functionality of message processor 158 may be implemented as part of controller 154.

[0070] In other embodiments, the functionality of message processor 128 may be implemented as part of any other element of device 102, and/or the functionality of message processor 158 may be implemented as part of any other element of device 140.

[0071] In some demonstrative embodiments, at least part of the functionality of controller 124 and/or message processor 128 may be implemented by an integrated circuit, for example, a chip, e.g., a System on Chip (SoC). In one example, the chip or SoC may be configured to perform one or more functionalities of radio 114. For example, the chip or SoC may include one or more elements of controller 124, one or more elements of message processor 128, and/or one or more elements of radio 114. In one example, controller 124, message processor 128, and radio 114 may be implemented as part of the chip or SoC.

[0072] In other embodiments, controller 124, message processor 128 and/or radio 114 may be implemented by one or more additional or alternative elements of device 102.

[0073] In some demonstrative embodiments, at least part of the functionality of controller 154 and/or message processor 158 may be implemented by an integrated circuit, for example, a chip, e.g., a System on Chip (SoC). In one example, the chip or SoC may be configured to perform one or more functionalities of radio 144. For example, the chip or SoC may include one or more elements of controller 154, one or more elements of message processor 158, and/or one or more elements of radio 144. In one example, controller 154, message processor 158, and radio 144 may be implemented as part of the chip or SoC.

[0074] In other embodiments, controller 154, message processor 158 and/or radio 144 may be implemented by one or more additional or alternative elements of device 140.

[0075] In some demonstrative embodiments, device 102 and/or device 140 may include, operate as, perform the role of, and/or perform one or more functionalities of, one or more STAs. For example, device 102 may include at least one STA, and/or device 140 may include at least one STA.

[0076] In some demonstrative embodiments, device 102 and/or device 140 may include, operate as, perform the role of, and/or perform one or more functionalities of, one or more DMG STAs. For example, device 102 may include, operate as, perform the role of, and/or perform one or more functionalities of, at least one DMG STA, and/or device 140 may include, operate as, perform the role of, and/or perform one or more functionalities of, at least one DMG STA.

[0077] In other embodiments, devices 102 and/or 140 may include, operate as, perform the role of, and/or perform one or more functionalities of, any other wireless device and/or station, e.g., a WLAN STA, a WiFi STA, and the like.

[0078] In some demonstrative embodiments, device 102 and/or device 140 may be configured operate as, perform the role of, and/or perform one or more functionalities of, an access point (AP), e.g., a DMG AP, and/or a personal basic service set (PBSS) control point (PCP), e.g., a DMG PCP, for example, an AP/PCP STA, e.g., a DMG AP/PCP STA.

[0079] In some demonstrative embodiments, device 102 and/or device 140 may be configured to operate as, perform the role of, and/or perform one or more functionalities of, a non-AP STA, e.g., a DMG non-AP STA, and/or a non-PCP STA, e.g., a DMG non-PCP STA, for example, a non- AP/PCP STA, e.g., a DMG non-AP/PCP STA.

[0080] In other embodiments, device 102 and/or device 140 may operate as, perform the role of, and/or perform one or more functionalities of, any other additional or alternative device and/or station.

[0081] In one example, a station (STA) may include a logical entity that is a singly addressable instance of a medium access control (MAC) and physical layer (PHY) interface to the wireless medium (WM). The STA may perform any other additional or alternative functionality. [0082] In one example, an AP may include an entity that contains a station (STA), e.g., one STA, and provides access to distribution services, via the wireless medium (WM) for associated STAs. The AP may perform any other additional or alternative functionality.

[0083] In one example, a personal basic service set (PBSS) control point (PCP) may include an entity that contains a STA, e.g., one station (STA), and coordinates access to the wireless medium (WM) by STAs that are members of a PBSS. The PCP may perform any other additional or alternative functionality.

[0084] In one example, a PBSS may include a directional multi-gigabit (DMG) basic service set (BSS) that includes, for example, one PBSS control point (PCP). For example, access to a distribution system (DS) may not be present, but, for example, an intra-PBSS forwarding service may optionally be present

[0085] In one example, a PCP/AP STA may include a station (STA) that is at least one of a PCP or an AP. The PCP/AP STA may perform any other additional or alternative functionality.

[0086] In one example, a non-AP STA may include a STA that is not contained within an AP. The non-AP STA may perform any other additional or alternative functionality.

[0087] In one example, a non-PCP STA may include a STA that is not a PCP. The non-PCP STA may perform any other additional or alternative functionality.

[0088] In one example, a non PCP/AP STA may include a STA that is not a PCP and that is not an AP. The non-PCP/ AP STA may perform any other additional or alternative functionality.

[0089] In some demonstrative embodiments devices 102 and/or 140 may be configured to communicate over a Next Generation 60 GHz (NG60) network, an Enhanced DMG (EDMG) network, and/or any other network. For example, devices 102 and/or 140 may perform Multiple- Input-Multiple-Output (MIMO) communication, for example, for communicating over the NG60 and/or EDMG networks, e.g., over an NG60 or an EDMG frequency band.

[0090] In some demonstrative embodiments, devices 102 and/or 140 may be configured to operate in accordance with one or more Specifications, for example, including, one or more IEEE 802.11 Specifications, e.g., an IEEE 802.11-2016 Specification, an IEEE 802. Hay Specification, and/or any other specification and/or protocol.

[0091] Some demonstrative embodiments may be implemented, for example, as part of a new standard in an mmWave band, e.g., a 60GHz frequency band or any other directional band, for example, as an evolution of an IEEE 802.11-2016 Specification and/or an IEEE 802. Had Specification. [0092] In some demonstrative embodiments, devices 102 and/or 140 may be configured according to one or more standards, for example, in accordance with an IEEE 802.1 lay Standard, which may be, for example, configured to enhance the efficiency and/or performance of an IEEE 802. Had Specification, which may be configured to provide Wi-Fi connectivity in a 60 GHz band.

[0093] Some demonstrative embodiments may enable, for example, to significantly increase the data transmission rates defined in the IEEE 802. Had Specification, for example, from 7 Gigabit per second (Gbps), e.g., up to 30 Gbps, or to any other data rate, which may, for example, satisfy growing demand in network capacity for new coming applications.

[0094] Some demonstrative embodiments may be implemented, for example, to allow increasing a transmission data rate, for example, by applying MFMO and/or channel bonding techniques.

[0095] In some demonstrative embodiments, devices 102 and/or 140 may be configured to communicate MIMO communications over the mmWave wireless communication band.

[0096] In some demonstrative embodiments, device 102 and/or device 140 may be configured to support one or more mechanisms and/or features, for example, channel bonding, Single User (SU) MIMO, and/or Multi-User (MU) MIMO, for example, in accordance with an IEEE 802.1 lay Standard and/or any other standard and/or protocol.

[0097] In some demonstrative embodiments, device 102 and/or device 140 may include, operate as, perform a role of, and/or perform the functionality of, one or more EDMG STAs. For example, device 102 may include, operate as, perform a role of, and/or perform the functionality of, at least one EDMG STA, and/or device 140 may include, operate as, perform a role of, and/or perform the functionality of, at least one EDMG STA.

[0098] In some demonstrative embodiments, devices 102 and/or 140 may implement a communication scheme, which may include Physical layer (PHY) and/or Media Access Control (MAC) layer schemes, for example, to support one or more applications, and/or increased transmission data rates, e.g., data rates of up to 30 Gbps, or any other data rate.

[0099] In some demonstrative embodiments, the PHY and/or MAC layer schemes may be configured to support frequency channel bonding over a mmWave band, e.g., over a 60 GHz band, SU MIMO techniques, and/or MU MIMO techniques.

[00100] In some demonstrative embodiments, devices 102 and/or 140 may be configured to implement one or more mechanisms, which may be configured to enable SU and/or MU communication of Downlink (DL) and/or Uplink frames (UL) using a MIMO scheme. [00101] In some demonstrative embodiments, device 102 and/or device 140 may be configured to implement one or more MU communication mechanisms. For example, devices 102 and/or 140 may be configured to implement one or more MU mechanisms, which may be configured to enable MU communication of DL frames using a MIMO scheme, for example, between a device, e.g., device 102, and a plurality of devices, e.g., including device 140 and/or one or more other devices.

[00102] In some demonstrative embodiments, devices 102 and/or 140 may be configured to communicate over an NG60 network, an EDMG network, and/or any other network and/or any other frequency band. For example, devices 102 and/or 140 may be configured to communicate DL MIMO transmissions and/or UL MEMO transmissions, for example, for communicating over the NG60 and/or EDMG networks.

[00103] Some wireless communication Specifications, for example, the IEEE 802.1 lad-2012 Specification, may be configured to support a SU system, in which a STA may transmit frames to a single STA at a time. Such Specifications may not be able, for example, to support a STA transmitting to multiple ST As simultaneously, for example, using a MU-MIMO scheme, e.g., a DL MU-MIMO, or any other MU scheme.

[00104] In some demonstrative embodiments, devices 102 and/or 140 may be configured to implement one or more mechanisms, which may, for example, enable to extend a single-channel BW scheme, e.g., a scheme in accordance with the IEEE 802. Had Specification or any other scheme, for higher data rates and/or increased capabilities, e.g., as described below.

[00105] In some demonstrative embodiments, devices 102 and/or 140 may be configured to implement one or more channel bonding mechanisms, which may, for example, support communication over bonded channels.

[00106] In some demonstrative embodiments, the channel bonding mechanisms may include, for example, a mechanism and/or an operation whereby two or more channels can be combined, e.g., for a higher bandwidth of packet transmission, for example, to enable achieving higher data rates, e.g., when compared to transmissions over a single channel. Some demonstrative embodiments are described herein with respect to communication over a bonded channel, however other embodiments may be implemented with respect to communications over a channel bandwidth, e.g., a "wide" channel, including or formed by two or more channels, for example, an aggregated channel including an aggregation of two or more channels.

[00107] In some demonstrative embodiments, device 102 and/or device 140 may be configured to implement one or more channel bonding mechanisms, which may, for example, support an increased channel bandwidth, for example, a channel BW of 4.32 GHz, e.g., including two 2.16Ghz channels according to a channel bonding factor of two, a channel BW of 6.48 GHz, e.g., including three 2.16Ghz channels according to a channel bonding factor of three, a channel BW of 8.64 GHz, e.g., including four 2.16Ghz channels according to a channel bonding factor of four, and/or any other additional or alternative channel BW, e.g., including any other number of 2.16Ghz channels according to any other channel bonding factor.

[00108] In some demonstrative embodiments, devices 102 and/or 140 may be configured to communicate over one or more channels having one or more channel BWs. For example, devices 102 and/or 140 may be configured to communicate over a channel having a channel BW of 2.16GHz, a channel having a channel BW of 4.32GHz, a channel having a channel BW of 6.48GHz, a channel having a channel BW of 8.64GHz, and/or any other additional or alternative channel BW.

[00109] In some demonstrative embodiments, devices 102 and/or 140 may be configured to communicate using a frame structure, which may be configured, for example, for a Single Carrier (SC) Physical layer (PHY) modulation, for example, with frequency domain equalization, e.g., as described below.

[001 10] In some demonstrative embodiments, devices 102 and/or 140 may be configured to support Single Input Single Output (SISO) transmission, e.g., as described below.

[001 1 1] In some demonstrative embodiments, devices 102 and/or 140 may be configured to support Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) transmission, e.g., as described below.

[001 12] In some demonstrative embodiments, devices 102 and/or 140 may be configured to communicate a MIMO transmission over a directional frequency band, e.g., an EDMG frequency band, for example, according to a space-frequency transmit diversity scheme for Single Carrier (SC) modulation, e.g., as described below.

[001 13] In some demonstrative embodiments, the space-frequency transmit diversity scheme may be configured to support SC modulation of a 2x2 MIMO transmission, e.g., as described below. In other embodiments, the space-frequency transmit diversity scheme may be configured to support SC modulation of any other type of MIMO transmission.

[001 14] In some demonstrative embodiments, the space-frequency transmit diversity scheme may be configured to support channel aggregation and/or bonding of a plurality of frequency channels, for example, two frequency channels. Such channel aggregation may be, for example, treated as a subtype of a MEVIO scheme, e.g., with "zero" cross links. [001 15] In some demonstrative embodiments, device 102 and/or 140 may be configured to utilize the space-frequency transmit diversity scheme, for example, with a BPSK modulation scheme, a QPSK modulation scheme, an M-QAM modulation scheme, and/or any other modulation scheme.

[001 16] In some demonstrative embodiments, the space-frequency transmit diversity scheme may be configured, for example, to exploit a plurality of subcarriers, e.g., two subcarriers, in a signal spectrum, for example, to convey the same data, e.g., as described below. In one example, space-frequency transmit diversity scheme may be considered, for example, as a counterpart of a Dual Carrier Modulation (DCM) scheme, which may be defined for an OFDM transmission.

[001 17] In some demonstrative embodiments, the space-frequency transmit diversity scheme may allow, for example, at least achieving both space and frequency diversity gains, for example, by mapping data to different spatial (or space-time) streams and different subcarriers in a signal spectrum.

[001 18] In some demonstrative embodiments, the subcarriers carrying the same data may be spaced in a frequency domain, for example, by half of a spectrum or any other spacing, which may allow, for example, reducing channel correlation, achieving robust performance, and/or one or more additional or alternative benefits and/or results.

[001 19] In some demonstrative embodiments, the space-frequency transmit diversity scheme may be configured to perform data mapping in a time domain, e.g., rather than in a frequency domain, e.g., as may be performed for OFDM.

[00120] In some demonstrative embodiments, devices 102 and/or 140 may be configured to communicate a MIMO transmission, e.g., a 2x2 MIMO transmission, according to a space- frequency transmit diversity scheme for SC modulation, e.g., as described below.

[00121] In some demonstrative embodiments, the space-frequency transmit diversity scheme for SC modulation may define, for example, equal subcarriers mapping to different spatial (or space- time) streams and different sub-bands, e.g., as described below. This mapping may allow, for example, improved, or even optimal, processing at a receiver side, for example, by allowing to extract both space and frequency diversity gain at the receiver side.

[00122] In some demonstrative embodiments, the space-frequency transmit diversity scheme for SC modulation may cover, for example, cases of 2x2 MIMO and/or channel aggregation of 2 frequency channels, e.g., both 2x2 MFMO and channel aggregation of 2 frequency channels. [00123] In other embodiments, the space-frequency transmit diversity scheme may be configured for any other additional or alternative type of transmission and/or over any other channel bandwidth.

[00124] In some demonstrative embodiments, the space-frequency transmit diversity scheme for SC modulation may allow, for example, improved, or even optimal, signal receiver design with signal processing in frequency domain.

[00125] In some demonstrative embodiments, devices 102 and/or 140 may be configured to implement a space-frequency scheme for SC SU-MIMO, which may exploit a symbol blocking structure, e.g., in accordance with an IEEE 802. Had Specification, and/or any other symbol structure.

[00126] Reference is made to Fig. 2, which schematically illustrates a symbol block structure 200, which may be implemented for communication over a directional band, in accordance with some demonstrative embodiments. For example, symbol block structure 200 may include a SC symbol blocking structure, e.g., in accordance with a IEEE 802.1 lad Specification.

[00127] In some demonstrative embodiments, symbol blocking structure 200 may include SC symbol blocks, e.g., of a length N-M, which may be prepended with a Guard Interval (GI), e.g., of a length M. For example, N may define a Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) size, and/or M may define a cyclic prefix length.

[00128] In one example, values of M and/or N may be set as M = 64 and/or N = 512. According to this example, a data block length may be equal to 512-64 = 448. In other embodiments, any other values of M and/or N may be used.

[00129] Referring back to Fig. 1, in some demonstrative embodiments, devices 102 and/or 140 may be configured to communicate a SC transmission of an EDMG Physical Layer (PHY) Protocol Data Unit (PPDU), e.g., as described below.

[00130] In some demonstrative embodiments, devices 102 and/or 140 may be configured to communicate the EDMG PPDU according to a space-frequency diversity scheme, e.g., as described below.

[00131] In some demonstrative embodiments, the space-frequency diversity scheme may include a structure, which may be compatible with symbol blocking structure 200 (Fig. 2), e.g., as described below.

[00132] In some demonstrative embodiments, devices 102 and/or 140 may be configured to communicate the EDMG PPDU according to a space-frequency diversity scheme for SC 2x2 MIMO, which may define first and second signals in a time domain corresponding to two spatial (or space-time) streams to be transmitted, e.g., as described below.

[00133] In some demonstrative embodiments, controller 124 may be configured to cause, trigger, and/or control a wireless station implemented by device 102 to generate and transmit the SC transmission of the EDMG PPDU, e.g., as described below.

[00134] In some demonstrative embodiments, controller 124 may be configured to cause, trigger, and/or control the wireless station implemented by device 102 to generate a first time domain stream including a first sequence of bits based on a data field of the EDMG PPDU, e.g. as described below.

[00135] In some demonstrative embodiments, the first sequence of bits may include a plurality of data bits and a plurality of GI bits, e.g., as described below.

[00136] In some demonstrative embodiments, the first sequence of bits may include the plurality of GI bits subsequent to the plurality of data bits, e.g., as described below.

[00137] In other embodiments, the plurality of GI bits may be before the plurality of data bits.

[00138] In some demonstrative embodiments, the first sequence of bits may include N bits, the plurality of GI bits may include M GI bits, and the plurality of data bits may include (N-M) data bits, for example, in accordance with symbol blocking structure 200 (Fig. 2), e.g., as described below.

[00139] In some demonstrative embodiments, controller 124 may be configured to cause, trigger, and/or control the wireless station implemented by device 102 to generate a second time domain stream including a second sequence of bits based on the first sequence of bits, e.g., as described below.

[00140] In some demonstrative embodiments, the second sequence of bits may include a first subset of the first sequence of bits, and a sign-inverse of a second subset of the first sequence of bits, e.g. as described below.

[00141] In some demonstrative embodiments, the first subset of the first sequence of bits may include even-numbered bits of the first sequence of bits, e.g. as described below.

[00142] In some demonstrative embodiments, the second subset of the first sequence of bits may include odd-numbered bits of the first sequence of bits, e.g. as described below.

[00143] In other embodiments, the first subset of the first sequence of bits and/or the second subset of the first sequence of bits may be defined to include any other bits of the first sequence of bits. [00144] In some demonstrative embodiments, the second sequence of bits may include a product of a bitwise multiplication of the first sequence of bits with a vector, denoted w, including a repetition of the sequence (+1,-1), e.g. as described below.

[00145] In some demonstrative embodiments, the first sequence of bits may include a first vector, denoted xi(n), and the second sequence of bits may include a second vector, denoted X2(n), e.g., as follows: x(n),n = 0 : N - M - \

(1) g(n),n = N - M : N - l jt ₂ («) = jc ₁ (n) - w(«), « = 0,...,N - 1 (2)

+1,« = 0 : 2 :N- 1

w(n)

-1,« = 1 : 2 :N- 1

(3) wherein x(n) denotes the plurality of data bits, and g(n) denotes the plurality of GI bits.

[00146] In some demonstrative embodiments, a first signal, e.g., including the first vector xi(n), in a first spatial (space-time) stream, may be defined, for example, according to Equation (1).

[00147] In some demonstrative embodiments, a second signal, e.g., including the second vector X2(n), in a second spatial (space-time) stream, may be defined, for example, based on the first signal, e.g., including the first vector xi(n), bitwise multiplied by the vector w, e.g., according to Equations (2) and (3).

[00148] For example, according to the definition of the vector w, the even elements of the original vector xi(n) may be kept unchanged, and the polarity of the odd elements of the original vector xj(n) may by changed, e.g., by π. According to this example, the vector X2(n) may be orthogonal to the original vector xi(n).

[00149] In some demonstrative embodiments, controller 124 may be configured to cause, trigger, and/or control the wireless station implemented by device 102 to convert the first time domain stream into a first frequency domain stream, and/or to convert the second time domain stream into a second frequency domain stream, e.g., as described below.

[00150] In some demonstrative embodiments, the first frequency domain stream may include a first plurality of subcarriers mapped to a first frequency sub-band, and a second plurality of subcarriers mapped to a second frequency sub-band, subsequent to the first frequency sub-band, e.g., as described below [00151] In some demonstrative embodiments, the second frequency domain stream may include the second plurality of subcarners mapped to the first frequency sub-band, and the first plurality of subcarriers mapped to the second frequency sub-band, e.g., as described below.

[00152] In some demonstrative embodiments, the first sequence of bits may include N bits, the first frequency sub-band may include N/2 subcarriers, and/or the second frequency sub-band may include N/2 subcarriers, e.g., as described below.

[00153] In some demonstrative embodiments, controller 124 may be configured to cause, trigger, and/or control the wireless station implemented by device 102 to transmit the SC transmission of the EDMG PPDU based on the first and second frequency domain streams, e.g., as described below.

[00154] In some demonstrative embodiments, controller 124 may be configured to cause, trigger, and/or control the wireless station implemented by device 102 to transmit the SC transmission over a first spatial stream and a second spatial stream, e.g., as described below.

[00155] In some demonstrative embodiments, the first spatial stream may include the first frequency domain stream, and the second spatial stream may include the second frequency domain stream, e.g., as described below.

[00156] In some demonstrative embodiments, controller 124 may be configured to cause, trigger, and/or control the wireless station implemented by device 102 to transmit the SC transmission in a frequency band above 45GHz, for example, over a DMG band, e.g., as described below.

[00157] In some demonstrative embodiments, the SC transmission may include a MIMO transmission, e.g., 2x2 MEVIO transmission.

[00158] In other embodiments, the SC transmission may include any other type of transmission.

[00159] In some demonstrative embodiments, controller 124 may be configured to cause, trigger, and/or control the wireless station implemented by device 102 to generate the first time domain stream based on a π/2-rotated modulation of the data field of the EDMG PPDU, e.g., as described below.

[00160] In other embodiments, device 102 may generate the first time domain stream based on any other type of modulation of the data field of the EDMG PPDU.

[00161] In some demonstrative embodiments, the plurality of data bits x(n) may be defined, for example, as follows: (4) wherein s(n) may be a constellation point, for example, a π/2-BPSK constellation point, a π/2-QPSK constellation point, a π/2-QAM constellation point, or a constellation point of any other type of modulation.

[00162] In some demonstrative embodiments, for example, in a general case, the rotation by π/2 may not be applied and, accordingly, the signal x(n) may be defined as equal to s(n), e.g., as follows:

x n)- s(n)

(5)

[00163] In some demonstrative embodiments, the GI signal g(n) may be defined, for example, as follows:

wherein Ga(n) may be defined as a Ga Golay bipolar sequence.

[00164] In some demonstrative embodiments, for example, in a general case, the signal g(n) may be defined as an arbitrary complex sequence, or any other sequence.

[00165] In some demonstrative embodiments, the vectors X;(n) and X2(n) may be transformed from the time domain to the frequency domain, e.g., as described below.

[00166] In some demonstrative embodiments, a signal, denoted XI, in the frequency domain may be determined by transforming the vector xi(n) from the time domain to the frequency domain, e.g., as follows:

X ₁ = DFT (x _l )

(7) wherein xj denotes the signal in the time domain, and DFT denotes a Discrete Fourier Transform operation.

[00167] In other embodiments, any other transform operation may be used.

[00168] In some demonstrative embodiments, a vector W in the frequency domain may be defined by transforming the vector w from the time domain to the frequency domain, e.g., as follows :

W = DFT(w)

(8) [00169] In some demonstrative embodiments, for example, based on the above definition for the vector w, the signal JV may be defined as a Delta Dirac function, e.g., as follows:

W (k) = 5(k - N / 2)

(9)

[00170] For example, the Delta function may be delayed by half of a signal spectrum, e.g., by N/2 subcarriers.

[00171] In some demonstrative embodiments, a signal, denoted X2, in the frequency domain may be determined by transforming the vector X2( ) from the time domain to the frequency domain, e.g., as follows:

X ₂ = DFT(x ₂ )

(10) [00172] In some demonstrative embodiments, the signal X2 may be represented, for example, using the vectors XI and W, e.g., as follows:

X ₂ = X, x W wherein x denotes a circular convolution operation.

[00173] In some demonstrative embodiments, for example, when the vector Wis a delayed Delta function, the spectrum of X2 may be a spectrum of XI cyclically shifted by N/2 subcarriers, e.g., as described below.

[00174] Reference is made to Fig. 3, which schematically illustrates a spectrum circular shift of a signal in a frequency domain, in accordance with some demonstrative embodiments.

[00175] In some demonstrative embodiments, device 102 (Fig. 1) may be configured to determine the signal X2, for example, corresponding to the spectrum circular shift of the signal XI in the frequency domain, e.g., as described below.

[00176] For example, as shown in Fig. 3, the spectrum of the signal X2 may include a circular shift of the spectrum of the signal XI, for example, when the vector J is applied to the signal XL

[00177] In some demonstrative embodiments, as shown in Fig. 3, the circular shift may interchange first and second halves of the spectrum, e.g., as described below.

[00178] For example, as shown in Fig. 3, a first half 302 of signal spectrum οΐΧΙ may coincide with a second half 308 of the signal spectrum ofX2, and vice versa.

[00179] For example, as shown in Fig. 3, a second half 304 of signal spectrum of XI may coincide with a first half 306 of the signal spectrum of X2, and vice versa. [00180] For example, as shown in Fig. 3, the circular shift may create a subcarrier spacing, which may be equal to half of the signal spectrum, e.g., N/2, for example, between the first and second halves of the signals in the different streams. This subcarrier spacing may be comparable, for example, to a Static Tone Pairing (STP) for an OFDM transmission.

[00181] Reference is made to Fig. 4, which schematically illustrates a data-mapping scheme 400 of first and second spatial streams in a frequency domain, in accordance with some demonstrative embodiments.

[00182] In some demonstrative embodiments, device 102 (Fig. 1) and/or device 140 (Fig. 1) may be configured to process transmission and/or reception of a spatial stream 402 and a spatial stream 404, for example, according to a space-frequency diversity scheme, e.g., data-mapping scheme 400. For example, device 102 (Fig. 1) may be configured to generate and transmit an EDMG PPDU over spatial stream 402 and spatial stream 404, and/or device 140 (Fig. 1) may be configured to receive and process the EDMG PPDU over spatial stream 402 and spatial stream 404.

[00183] In some demonstrative embodiments, as shown in Fig. 4, the signals XI and in the frequency domain may be transmitted over the first and the second spatial (or space-time) streams, for example, according to data-mapping scheme 400, e.g., as described below.

[00184] For example, the signal XI may be transmitted over the first spatial stream of a SC MEMO transmission, e.g., spatial stream 402, and the signal X2 may be transmitted over the second spatial stream of the SC MIMO transmission, e.g., spatial stream 404.

[00185] In some demonstrative embodiments, data-mapping scheme 400 may exploit both frequency and space signal diversity. For example, as shown in Fig. 4, equal subcarriers may be mapped to the first and the second spatial streams and/or to the first and the second sub-bands.

[00186] In some demonstrative embodiments, as shown in Fig. 4, spatial stream 402 may include a first plurality of data subcarriers mapped to a first frequency sub-band, e.g., a frequency sub-band 406, and a second plurality of data subcarriers mapped to a second frequency sub-band, e.g. a frequency sub-band 408, which may be, for example, subsequent to the first frequency sub-band.

[00187] In some demonstrative embodiments, as shown in Fig. 4, spatial stream 404 may include the first plurality of data subcarriers mapped to frequency sub-band 408, and the second plurality of data subcarriers mapped to frequency sub-band 406.

[00188] In some demonstrative embodiments, a receiver of the SC MIMO transmission including the first and second spatial streams, e.g., device 140 (Fig. 1), may be configured to process the SC MIMO transmission, for example, by combining the subcamers from the different sub-bands and different streams.

[00189] In some demonstrative embodiments, a space-frequency diversity of the SC MIMO transmission according to data-mapping scheme 400 may allow, for example, reducing a probability of data loss, for example, due to deep notches in the frequency domain, for example, since the channel may be almost uncorrelated for the spaced by N/2 subcamers.

[00190] In some demonstrative embodiments, additionally or alternatively, the space-frequency diversity scheme, e.g., data-mapping scheme 400, may allow operation, for example, even when one of the spatial streams is attenuated, e.g., due to blockage, while another one of the spatial streams may survive and may have sufficient quality.

[00191] In some demonstrative embodiments, the space-frequency diversity scheme, e.g., data- mapping scheme 400, may allow, for example, robust transmission, e.g., even without re- beamforming of a link, for example, even in a case when a blockage event is temporary, e.g., due to movement in the area of communication.

[00192] Referring back to Fig. 1, in some demonstrative embodiments, controller 154 may be configured to cause, trigger, and/or control the wireless station implemented by device 140 to receive a SC transmission of an EDMG PPDU, for example, from device 102, e.g., as described below.

[00193] In some demonstrative embodiments, controller 154 may be configured to cause, trigger, and/or control the wireless station implemented by device 140 to receive the SC transmission in a frequency band above 45 Gigahertz (GHz), e.g., as described above.

[00194] In some demonstrative embodiments, the SC transmission may include a MIMO transmission, e.g., as described above.

[00195] In some demonstrative embodiments, the SC transmission may include the first plurality of subcarriers and the second plurality of subcarriers.

[00196] For example, the first and second pluralities of subcarriers may represent the plurality of data bits and the plurality of GI bits of the data field of the EDMG PPDU, e.g., as described above

[00197] In some demonstrative embodiments, the SC transmission may include the first frequency domain stream and the second frequency domain stream.

[00198] For example, the first frequency domain stream may include the first plurality of subcarriers mapped to the first frequency sub-band, and the second plurality of subcarriers mapped to the second frequency sub-band, e.g., subsequent to the first frequency sub-band; and/or the second frequency domain stream may include the second plurality of subcarriers mapped to the first frequency sub-band, and the first plurality of subcarriers mapped to the second frequency sub-band, e.g., as described above.

[00199] In some demonstrative embodiments, the first frequency sub-band may include N/2 subcarriers, and the second frequency sub-band may include N/2 subcarriers, e g., as described above.

[00200] In some demonstrative embodiments, controller 154 may be configured to cause, trigger, and/or control the wireless station implemented by device 140 to receive the SC transmission over a first spatial stream and a second spatial stream, e.g., as described below.

[00201] In some demonstrative embodiments, the first spatial stream may include the first frequency domain stream, and/or the second spatial stream may include the second frequency domain stream, e.g., as described above.

[00202] In some demonstrative embodiments, controller 154 may be configured to cause, trigger, and/or control the wireless station implemented by device 140 to demodulate the SC transmission according to a space-frequency diversity scheme, for example, data-mapping scheme 400, e.g., as described below.

[00203] In some demonstrative embodiments, controller 154 may be configured to cause, trigger, and/or control the wireless station implemented by device 140 to demodulate the SC transmission by combining the first plurality of subcarriers from the first sub-band of the first frequency domain stream, e.g., from sub-band 406 (Fig. 4) of spatial stream 402 (Fig 4), with the first plurality of subcarriers from the second sub-band of the second frequency domain stream, e.g., sub-band 408 (Fig. 4) of spatial stream 404 (Fig. 4); and/or combining the second plurality of subcarriers from the second sub-band of the first frequency domain stream, e.g., from sub-band 408 (Fig. 4) of spatial stream 402 (Fig. 4), with the second plurality of subcarriers from the first sub-band of the second frequency domain stream, e.g., sub-band 406 (Fig. 4) of spatial stream 404 (Fig. 4).

[00204] Reference is made to Fig 5, which schematically illustrates a method of communicating a SC transmission, in accordance with some demonstrative embodiments. For example, one or more of the operations of the method of Fig. 5 may be performed by one or more elements of a system, e.g., system 100 (Fig. 1), for example, one or more wireless devices, e.g., device 102 (Fig. 1), and/or device 140 (Fig. 1); a controller, e.g., controller 124 (Fig. 1), and/or controller 154 (Fig. 1); a radio, e.g., radio 114 (Fig. 1), and/or radio 144 (Fig. 1); a transmitter, e.g., transmitter 1 18 (Fig. 1), and/or transmitter 148 (Fig. 1); a receiver e.g., receiver 1 16 (Fig. 1), and/or receiver 146 (Fig. 1); and/or a message processor, e.g., message processor 128 (Fig. 1), and/or message processor 158 (Fig. 1).

[00205] As indicated at block 502, the method may include generating a first time domain stream including a first sequence of bits based on a data field of an EDMG PPDU, the first sequence of bits including a plurality of data bits and a plurality of GI bits. For example, device 102 (Fig. 1) may generate the first time domain stream including the first sequence of bits based on the data field of the EDMG PPDU, the first sequence of bits including the plurality of data bits and the plurality of GI bits, e.g., as described above.

[00206] As indicated at block 504, the method may include generating a second time domain stream including a second sequence of bits based on the first sequence of bits, the second sequence of bits including a first subset of the first sequence of bits, and a sign-inverse of a second subset of the first sequence of bits. For example, device 102 (Fig. 1) may generate the second time domain stream including the second sequence of bits based on the first sequence of bits, the second sequence of bits including the first subset of the first sequence of bits, and a sign-inverse of the second subset of the first sequence of bits, e.g., as described above.

[00207] As indicated at block 506, the method may include converting the first time domain stream into a first frequency domain stream, and the second time domain stream into a second frequency domain stream. For example, device 102 (Fig. 1) may convert the first time domain stream into the first frequency domain stream, and the second time domain stream into the second frequency domain stream, e.g., as described above.

[00208] As indicated at block 508, the method may include transmitting a SC transmission of the EDMG PPDU based on the first and second frequency domain streams. For example, device 102 (Fig. 1) may transmit the SC transmission of the EDMG PPDU based on the first and second frequency domain streams, e.g., as described above.

[00209] Reference is made to Fig. 6, which schematically illustrates a method of communicating a SC transmission, in accordance with some demonstrative embodiments. For example, one or more of the operations of the method of Fig. 6 may be performed by one or more elements of a system, e.g., system 100 (Fig. 1), for example, one or more wireless devices, e.g., device 102 (Fig. 1), and/or device 140 (Fig. 1); a controller, e.g., controller 124 (Fig 1), and/or controller 154 (Fig. 1); a radio, e.g., radio 1 14 (Fig. 1), and/or radio 144 (Fig. 1); a transmitter, e.g., transmitter 1 18 (Fig. 1), and/or transmitter 148 (Fig. 1); a receiver e.g., receiver 1 16 (Fig. 1), and/or receiver 146 (Fig. 1); and/or a message processor, e.g., message processor 128 (Fig. 1), and/or message processor 158 (Fig. 1). [00210] As indicated at block 602, the method may include receiving a SC transmission of an EDMG PPDU from a wireless communication station, the SC transmission including a first plurality of subcarriers and a second plurality of subcarriers, the first and second pluralities of subcarriers representing a plurality of data bits and a plurality of GI bits of a data field of the EDMG PPDU, the SC transmission including a first frequency domain stream and a second frequency domain stream, the first frequency domain stream including the first plurality of subcarriers mapped to a first frequency sub-band, and the second plurality of subcarriers mapped to a second frequency sub-band, subsequent to the first frequency sub-band, the second frequency domain stream including the second plurality of subcarriers mapped to the first frequency sub-band, and the first plurality of subcarriers mapped to the second frequency sub- band For example, device 140 (Fig. 1) may receive from device 102 (Fig. 1) the SC transmission of the EDMG PPDU, the SC transmission including the first plurality of subcarriers and the second plurality of subcarriers, the first and second pluralities of subcarriers representing the plurality of data bits and the plurality of GI bits of the data field of the EDMG PPDU, the SC transmission including the first frequency domain stream and the second frequency domain stream, the first frequency domain stream including the first plurality of subcarriers mapped to the first frequency sub-band, and the second plurality of subcarriers mapped to the second frequency sub-band, subsequent to the first frequency sub-band, the second frequency domain stream including the second plurality of subcarriers mapped to the first frequency sub-band, and the first plurality of subcarriers mapped to the second frequency sub-band, e.g., as described above

[0021 1] As indicated at block 604, the method may include demodulating the SC transmission according to a space-frequency diversity scheme. For example, device 140 (Fig. 1) may demodulate the SC transmission according to the space-frequency diversity scheme, e.g., as described above.

[00212] Reference is made to Fig 7, which schematically illustrates a product of manufacture 700, in accordance with some demonstrative embodiments. Product 700 may include one or more tangible computer-readable non-transitory storage media 702, which may include computer-executable instructions, e.g., implemented by logic 704, operable to, when executed by at least one processor, e.g., computer processor, enable the at least one processor to implement one or more operations at device 102 (Fig. 1), device 140 (Fig. 1), radio 114 (Fig. 1), radio 144 (Fig. 1), transmitter 118 (Fig. 1), transmitter 148 (Fig. 1), receiver 116 (Fig. 1), receiver 146 (Fig. 1), controller 124 (Fig. 1), controller 154 (Fig. 1), , message processor 128 (Fig. 1), and/or message processor 158 (Fig. 1), to cause device 102 (Fig. 1), device 140 (Fig. 1), radio 114 (Fig. 1), radio 144 (Fig. 1), transmitter 118 (Fig. 1), transmitter 148 (Fig. 1), receiver 1 16 (Fig. 1), 1), receiver 146 (Fig. 1), controller 124 (Fig. 1), controller 154 (Fig. 1), message processor 128 (Fig. 1), and/or message processor 158 (Fig. 1) to perform one or more operations, and/or to perform, trigger and/or implement one or more operations, communications and/or functionalities described above with reference to Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and/or 6, and/or one or more operations described herein. The phrase "non-transitory machine-readable medium" is directed to include all computer-readable media, with the sole exception being a transitory propagating signal.

[00213] In some demonstrative embodiments, product 700 and/or storage media 702 may include one or more types of computer-readable storage media capable of storing data, including volatile memory, non-volatile memory, removable or non-removable memory, erasable or nonerasable memory, writeable or re-writeable memory, and the like. For example, machine- readable storage media 702 may include, RAM, DRAM, Double-Data-Rate DRAM (DDR- DRAM), SDRAM, static RAM (SRAM), ROM, programmable ROM (PROM), erasable programmable ROM (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), Compact Disk ROM (CD-ROM), Compact Disk Recordable (CD-R), Compact Disk Rewriteable (CD- RW), flash memory (e.g., NOR or NAND flash memory), content addressable memory (CAM), polymer memory, phase-change memory, ferroelectric memory, silicon-oxide-nitride-oxide- silicon (SONOS) memory, a disk, a floppy disk, a hard drive, an optical disk, a magnetic disk, a card, a magnetic card, an optical card, a tape, a cassette, and the like. The computer-readable storage media may include any suitable media involved with downloading or transferring a computer program from a remote computer to a requesting computer carried by data signals embodied in a carrier wave or other propagation medium through a communication link, e.g., a modem, radio or network connection.

[00214] In some demonstrative embodiments, logic 704 may include instructions, data, and/or code, which, if executed by a machine, may cause the machine to perform a method, process and/or operations as described herein. The machine may include, for example, any suitable processing platform, computing platform, computing device, processing device, computing system, processing system, computer, processor, or the like, and may be implemented using any suitable combination of hardware, software, firmware, and the like.

[00215] In some demonstrative embodiments, logic 704 may include, or may be implemented as, software, firmware, a software module, an application, a program, a subroutine, instructions, an instruction set, computing code, words, values, symbols, and the like. The instructions may include any suitable type of code, such as source code, compiled code, interpreted code, executable code, static code, dynamic code, and the like. The instructions may be implemented according to a predefined computer language, manner or syntax, for instructing a processor to perform a certain function. The instructions may be implemented using any suitable high-level, low-level, object-oriented, visual, compiled and/or interpreted programming language, such as C, C++, Java, BASIC, Matlab, Pascal, Visual BASIC, assembly language, machine code, and the like.

EXAMPLES

[00216] The following examples pertain to further embodiments.

[00217] Example 1 includes an apparatus comprising logic and circuitry configured to cause a wireless communication station to generate a first time domain stream comprising a first sequence of bits based on a data field of an Enhanced Directional Multi-Gigabit (EDMG) Physical Layer Convergence Protocol (PLCP) Protocol Data Unit (PPDU), the first sequence of bits comprises a plurality of data bits and a plurality of Guard Interval (GI) bits; generate a second time domain stream comprising a second sequence of bits based on the first sequence of bits, the second sequence of bits comprising a first subset of the first sequence of bits, and a sign- inverse of a second subset of the first sequence of bits; convert the first time domain stream into a first frequency domain stream, and the second time domain stream into a second frequency domain stream; and transmit a Single Carrier (SC) transmission of the EDMG PPDU based on the first and second frequency domain streams.

[00218] Example 2 includes the subject matter of Example 1, and optionally, wherein the first subset of the first sequence of bits comprises even-numbered bits of the first sequence of bits, and the second subset of the first sequence of bits comprises odd-numbered bits of the first sequence of bits.

[00219] Example 3 includes the subject matter of Example 1 or 2, and optionally, wherein the second sequence of bits comprises a product of a bitwise multiplication of the first sequence of bits with a vector comprising a repetition of the sequence (+1,-1).

[00220] Example 4 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 1-3, and optionally, wherein the first sequence of bits comprises N bits, the plurality of GI bits comprise M GI bits, and the plurality of data bits comprises (N-M) data bits.

[00221] Example 5 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 1-4, and optionally, wherein the first sequence of bits comprises a first vector, denoted xl(n), and the second sequence of bits comprises a second vector, denoted x2(n), as follows:

« = 0 ...,N- 1

wherein x(n) denotes the plurality of data bits, and g(n) denotes the plurality of GI bits.

[00222] Example 6 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 1-5, and optionally, wherein the first frequency domain stream comprises a first plurality of subcarriers mapped to a first frequency sub-band and a second plurality of subcarriers mapped to a second frequency sub- band, subsequent to the first frequency sub-band, the first and second pluralities of subcarriers are based on the first sequence of bits, the second frequency domain stream comprising the second plurality of data subcarriers mapped to the first frequency sub-band, and the first plurality of data subcarriers mapped to the second frequency sub-band.

[00223] Example 7 includes the subject matter of Example 6, and optionally, wherein the first sequence of bits comprises Ν bits, the first frequency sub-band comprises Ν/2 subcarriers, and the second frequency sub-band comprises Ν/2 subcarriers.

[00224] Example 8 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 1-7, and optionally, wherein the apparatus is configured to cause the wireless communication station to generate the first time domain stream based on a π/2-rotated modulation of the data field.

[00225] Example 9 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 1-8, and optionally, wherein the first sequence of bits comprises the plurality of GI bits subsequent to the plurality of data bits.

[00226] Example 10 includes the subj ect matter of any one of Examples 1-9, and optionally, wherein the apparatus is configured to cause the wireless communication station to transmit the SC transmission over a first spatial stream and a second spatial stream, the first spatial stream comprising the first frequency domain stream, and the second spatial stream comprising the second frequency domain stream.

[00227] Example 1 1 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 1-10, and optionally, wherein the SC transmission comprises a Multiple-Input-Multiple-Output (MIMO) transmission.

[00228] Example 12 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 1-1 1 , and optionally, wherein the apparatus is configured to cause the wireless communication station to transmit the SC transmission in a frequency band above 45 Gigahertz (GHz). [00229] Example 13 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 1-12, and optionally, comprising a radio to transmit the SC transmission.

[00230] Example 14 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 1-13, and optionally, comprising one or more antennas, a memory, and a processor.

[00231] Example 15 includes a system of wireless communication comprising a wireless communication station, the wireless communication station comprising one or more antennas; a radio; a memory, a processor, and a controller configured to cause the wireless communication station to generate a first time domain stream comprising a first sequence of bits based on a data field of an Enhanced Directional Multi-Gigabit (EDMG) Physical Layer Convergence Protocol (PLCP) Protocol Data Unit (PPDU), the first sequence of bits comprises a plurality of data bits and a plurality of Guard Interval (GI) bits; generate a second time domain stream comprising a second sequence of bits based on the first sequence of bits, the second sequence of bits comprising a first subset of the first sequence of bits, and a sign-inverse of a second subset of the first sequence of bits; convert the first time domain stream into a first frequency domain stream, and the second time domain stream into a second frequency domain stream; and transmit a Single Carrier (SC) transmission of the EDMG PPDU based on the first and second frequency domain streams.

[00232] Example 16 includes the subject matter of Example 15, and optionally, wherein the first subset of the first sequence of bits comprises even-numbered bits of the first sequence of bits, and the second subset of the first sequence of bits comprises odd-numbered bits of the first sequence of bits.

[00233] Example 17 includes the subject matter of Example 15 or 16, and optionally, wherein the second sequence of bits comprises a product of a bitwise multiplication of the first sequence of bits with a vector comprising a repetition of the sequence (+1,-1).

[00234] Example 18 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 15-17, and optionally, wherein the first sequence of bits comprises N bits, the plurality of GI bits comprise M GI bits, and the plurality of data bits comprises (N-M) data bits.

[00235] Example 19 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 15-18, and optionally, wherein the first sequence of bits comprises a first vector, denoted xl(n), and the second sequence of bits comprises a second vector, denoted x2(n), as follows: x (n)= x _l (n) w(n), « = 0,...,N- 1

wherein x(n) denotes the plurality of data bits, and g(n) denotes the plurality of GI bits.

[00236] Example 20 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 15-19, and optionally, wherein the first frequency domain stream comprises a first plurality of subcarriers mapped to a first frequency sub-band and a second plurality of subcarriers mapped to a second frequency sub- band, subsequent to the first frequency sub-band, the first and second pluralities of subcarriers are based on the first sequence of bits, the second frequency domain stream comprising the second plurality of data subcarriers mapped to the first frequency sub-band, and the first plurality of data subcarriers mapped to the second frequency sub-band.

[00237] Example 21 includes the subject matter of Example 20, and optionally, wherein the first sequence of bits comprises Ν bits, the first frequency sub-band comprises Ν/2 subcarriers, and the second frequency sub-band comprises Ν/2 subcarriers.

[00238] Example 22 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 15-21, and optionally, wherein the controller is configured to cause the wireless communication station to generate the first time domain stream based on a π/2-rotated modulation of the data field.

[00239] Example 23 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 15-22, and optionally, wherein the first sequence of bits comprises the plurality of GI bits subsequent to the plurality of data bits.

[00240] Example 24 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 15-23, and optionally, wherein the controller is configured to cause the wireless communication station to transmit the SC transmission over a first spatial stream and a second spatial stream, the first spatial stream comprising the first frequency domain stream, and the second spatial stream comprising the second frequency domain stream.

[00241] Example 25 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 15-24, and optionally, wherein the SC transmission comprises a Multiple-Input-Multiple-Output (MIMO) transmission.

[00242] Example 26 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 15-25, and optionally, wherein the controller is configured to cause the wireless communication station to transmit the SC transmission in a frequency band above 45 Gigahertz (GHz).

[00243] Example 27 includes a method to be performed at a wireless communication station, the method comprising generating a first time domain stream comprising a first sequence of bits based on a data field of an Enhanced Directional Multi-Gigabit (EDMG) Physical Layer Convergence Protocol (PLCP) Protocol Data Unit (PPDU), the first sequence of bits comprises a plurality of data bits and a plurality of Guard Interval (GI) bits; generating a second time domain stream comprising a second sequence of bits based on the first sequence of bits, the second sequence of bits comprising a first subset of the first sequence of bits, and a sign-inverse of a second subset of the first sequence of bits; converting the first time domain stream into a first frequency domain stream, and the second time domain stream into a second frequency domain stream; and transmitting a Single Carrier (SC) transmission of the EDMG PPDU based on the first and second frequency domain streams.

[00244] Example 28 includes the subject matter of Example 27, and optionally, wherein the first subset of the first sequence of bits comprises even-numbered bits of the first sequence of bits, and the second subset of the first sequence of bits comprises odd-numbered bits of the first sequence of bits.

[00245] Example 29 includes the subject matter of Example 27 or 28, and optionally, wherein the second sequence of bits comprises a product of a bitwise multiplication of the first sequence of bits with a vector comprising a repetition of the sequence (+1,-1).

[00246] Example 30 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 27-29, and optionally, wherein the first sequence of bits comprises N bits, the plurality of GI bits comprise M GI bits, and the plurality of data bits comprises (N-M) data bits.

[00247] Example 31 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 27-30, and optionally, wherein the first sequence of bits comprises a first vector, denoted xl(n), and the second sequence of bits comprises a second vector, denoted x2(n), as follows: x (n), n = G N - M- \

g(n),n = N- M N - \ «) χ (η) νν(η), » = 0,...,N- 1

wherein x(n) denotes the plurality of data bits, and g(n) denotes the plurality of GI bits.

[00248] Example 32 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 27-31, and optionally, wherein the first frequency domain stream comprises a first plurality of subcarriers mapped to a first frequency sub-band and a second plurality of subcarriers mapped to a second frequency sub- band, subsequent to the first frequency sub-band, the first and second pluralities of subcarriers are based on the first sequence of bits, the second frequency domain stream comprising the second plurality of data subcarriers mapped to the first frequency sub-band, and the first plurality of data subcarriers mapped to the second frequency sub-band.

[00249] Example 33 includes the subject matter of Example 32, and optionally, wherein the first sequence of bits comprises N bits, the first frequency sub-band comprises N/2 subcarriers, and the second frequency sub-band comprises N/2 subcarriers.

[00250] Example 34 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 27-33, and optionally, comprising generating the first time domain stream based on a π/2 -rotated modulation of the data field.

[00251] Example 35 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 27-34, and optionally, wherein the first sequence of bits comprises the plurality of GI bits subsequent to the plurality of data bits.

[00252] Example 36 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 27-35, and optionally, comprising transmitting the SC transmission over a first spatial stream and a second spatial stream, the first spatial stream comprising the first frequency domain stream, and the second spatial stream comprising the second frequency domain stream.

[00253] Example 37 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 27-36, and optionally, wherein the SC transmission comprises a Multiple-Input-Multiple-Output (MIMO) transmission.

[00254] Example 38 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 27-37, and optionally, comprising transmitting the SC transmission in a frequency band above 45 Gigahertz (GHz).

[00255] Example 39 includes a product comprising one or more tangible computer-readable non-transitory storage media comprising computer-executable instructions operable to, when executed by at least one processor, enable the at least one processor to cause a wireless communication station to generate a first time domain stream comprising a first sequence of bits based on a data field of an Enhanced Directional Multi-Gigabit (EDMG) Physical Layer Convergence Protocol (PLCP) Protocol Data Unit (PPDU), the first sequence of bits comprises a plurality of data bits and a plurality of Guard Interval (GI) bits; generate a second time domain stream comprising a second sequence of bits based on the first sequence of bits, the second sequence of bits comprising a first subset of the first sequence of bits, and a sign-inverse of a second subset of the first sequence of bits; convert the first time domain stream into a first frequency domain stream, and the second time domain stream into a second frequency domain stream; and transmit a Single Carrier (SC) transmission of the EDMG PPDU based on the first and second frequency domain streams. [00256] Example 40 includes the subject matter of Example 39, and optionally, wherein the first subset of the first sequence of bits comprises even-numbered bits of the first sequence of bits, and the second subset of the first sequence of bits comprises odd-numbered bits of the first sequence of bits.

[00257] Example 41 includes the subject matter of Example 39 or 40, and optionally, wherein the second sequence of bits comprises a product of a bitwise multiplication of the first sequence of bits with a vector comprising a repetition of the sequence (+1,-1).

[00258] Example 42 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 39-41, and optionally, wherein the first sequence of bits comprises N bits, the plurality of GI bits comprise M GI bits, and the plurality of data bits comprises (N-M) data bits.

[00259] Example 43 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 39-42, and optionally, wherein the first sequence of bits comprises a first vector, denoted xl(n), and the second sequence of bits comprises a second vector, denoted x2(n), as follows: x {n), n = 0 : N - M- \

g{n),n = N- M N - \ x ₂ (n) _j (w)- w(»), « = 0,...,N- 1

wherein x(n) denotes the plurality of data bits, and g(n) denotes the plurality of GI bits.

[00260] Example 44 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 39-43, and optionally, wherein the first frequency domain stream comprises a first plurality of subcarriers mapped to a first frequency sub-band and a second plurality of subcarriers mapped to a second frequency sub- band, subsequent to the first frequency sub-band, the first and second pluralities of subcarriers are based on the first sequence of bits, the second frequency domain stream comprising the second plurality of data subcarriers mapped to the first frequency sub-band, and the first plurality of data subcarriers mapped to the second frequency sub-band.

[00261] Example 45 includes the subject matter of Example 44, and optionally, wherein the first sequence of bits comprises N bits, the first frequency sub-band comprises N/2 subcarriers, and the second frequency sub-band comprises N/2 subcarriers.

[00262] Example 46 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 39-45, and optionally, wherein the instructions, when executed, cause the wireless communication station to generate the first time domain stream based on a π/2-rotated modulation of the data field [00263] Example 47 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 39-46, and optionally, wherein the first sequence of bits comprises the plurality of GI bits subsequent to the plurality of data bits.

[00264] Example 48 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 39-47, and optionally, wherein the instructions, when executed, cause the wireless communication station to transmit the SC transmission over a first spatial stream and a second spatial stream, the first spatial stream comprising the first frequency domain stream, and the second spatial stream comprising the second frequency domain stream.

[00265] Example 49 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 39-48, and optionally, wherein the SC transmission comprises a Multiple-Input-Multiple-Output (MIMO) transmission.

[00266] Example 50 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 39-49, and optionally, wherein the instructions, when executed, cause the wireless communication station to transmit the SC transmission in a frequency band above 45 Gigahertz (GHz).

[00267] Example 51 includes an apparatus of wireless communication by a wireless communication station, the apparatus comprising means for generating a first time domain stream comprising a first sequence of bits based on a data field of an Enhanced Directional Multi-Gigabit (EDMG) Physical Layer Convergence Protocol (PLCP) Protocol Data Unit (PPDU), the first sequence of bits comprises a plurality of data bits and a plurality of Guard Interval (GI) bits; means for generating a second time domain stream comprising a second sequence of bits based on the first sequence of bits, the second sequence of bits comprising a first subset of the first sequence of bits, and a sign-inverse of a second subset of the first sequence of bits, means for converting the first time domain stream into a first frequency domain stream, and the second time domain stream into a second frequency domain stream; and means for transmitting a Single Carrier (SC) transmission of the EDMG PPDU based on the first and second frequency domain streams

[00268] Example 52 includes the subject matter of Example 51, and optionally, wherein the first subset of the first sequence of bits comprises even-numbered bits of the first sequence of bits, and the second subset of the first sequence of bits comprises odd-numbered bits of the first sequence of bits.

[00269] Example 53 includes the subject matter of Example 51 or 52, and optionally, wherein the second sequence of bits comprises a product of a bitwise multiplication of the first sequence of bits with a vector comprising a repetition of the sequence (+1,-1). [00270] Example 54 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 51 -53, and optionally, wherein the first sequence of bits comprises N bits, the plurality of GI bits comprise M GI bits, and the plurality of data bits comprises (N-M) data bits.

[00271 ] Example 55 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 51 -54, and optionally, wherein the first sequence of bits comprises a first vector, denoted xl(n), and the second sequence of bits comprises a second vector, denoted x2(n), as follows:

x (n)= x ₁ (n) w(n), n = ,...,N- \

wherein x(n) denotes the plurality of data bits, and g(n) denotes the plurality of GI bits.

[00272] Example 56 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 51-55, and optionally, wherein the first frequency domain stream comprises a first plurality of subcarriers mapped to a first frequency sub-band and a second plurality of subcarriers mapped to a second frequency sub- band, subsequent to the first frequency sub-band, the first and second pluralities of subcarriers are based on the first sequence of bits, the second frequency domain stream comprising the second plurality of data subcarriers mapped to the first frequency sub-band, and the first plurality of data subcarriers mapped to the second frequency sub-band.

[00273] Example 57 includes the subject matter of Example 56, and optionally, wherein the first sequence of bits comprises N bits, the first frequency sub-band comprises Ν/2 subcarriers, and the second frequency sub-band comprises Ν/2 subcarriers.

[00274] Example 58 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 51 -57, and optionally, comprising means for generating the first time domain stream based on a π/2-rotated modulation of the data field.

[00275] Example 59 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 51 -58, and optionally, wherein the first sequence of bits comprises the plurality of GI bits subsequent to the plurality of data bits.

[00276] Example 60 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 51 -59, and optionally, comprising means for transmitting the SC transmission over a first spatial stream and a second spatial stream, the first spatial stream comprising the first frequency domain stream, and the second spatial stream comprising the second frequency domain stream. [00277] Example 61 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 51-60, and optionally, wherein the SC transmission comprises a Multiple-Input-Multiple-Output (MIMO) transmission.

[00278] Example 62 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 51-61, and optionally, comprising means for transmitting the SC transmission in a frequency band above 45 Gigahertz (GHz).

[00279] Example 63 includes an apparatus comprising logic and circuitry configured to cause a first wireless communication station to receive a Single Carrier (SC) transmission of an Enhanced Directional Multi-Gigabit (EDMG) Physical Layer Convergence Protocol (PLCP) Protocol Data Unit (PPDU) from a second wireless communication station, the SC transmission comprising a first plurality of subcarriers and a second plurality of subcarriers, the first and second pluralities of subcarriers representing a plurality of data bits and a plurality of Guard Interval (GI) bits of a data field of the EDMG PPDU, the SC transmission comprising a first frequency domain stream and a second frequency domain stream, the first frequency domain stream comprising the first plurality of subcarriers mapped to a first frequency sub-band, and the second plurality of subcarriers mapped to a second frequency sub-band, subsequent to the first frequency sub-band, the second frequency domain stream comprising the second plurality of subcarriers mapped to the first frequency sub-band, and the first plurality of subcarriers mapped to the second frequency sub-band; and demodulate the SC transmission according to a space- frequency diversity scheme.

[00280] Example 64 includes the subject matter of Example 63, and optionally, wherein the apparatus is configured to cause the first wireless communication station to demodulate the SC transmission by combining the first plurality of subcarriers from the first sub-band of the first frequency domain stream with the first plurality of subcarriers from the second sub-band of the second frequency domain stream, and combining the second plurality of subcarriers from the second sub-band of the first frequency domain stream with the second plurality of subcarriers from the first sub-band of the second frequency domain stream.

[00281] Example 65 includes the subject matter of Example 63 or 64, and optionally, wherein the first frequency sub-band comprises N/2 subcarriers, and the second frequency sub-band comprises N/2 subcarriers.

[00282] Example 66 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 63-65, and optionally, wherein the apparatus is configured to cause the first wireless communication station to receive the SC transmission over a first spatial stream and a second spatial stream, the first spatial stream comprising the first frequency domain stream, and the second spatial stream comprising the second frequency domain stream. [00283] Example 67 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 63-66, and optionally, wherein the SC transmission comprises a Multiple-Input-Multiple-Output (MIMO) transmission.

[00284] Example 68 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 63-67, and optionally, wherein the apparatus is configured to cause the first wireless communication station to receive the SC transmission in a frequency band above 45 Gigahertz (GHz).

[00285] Example 69 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 63-68, and optionally, comprising a radio to transmit the SC transmission.

[00286] Example 70 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 63-69, and optionally, comprising one or more antennas, a memory, and a processor.

[00287] Example 71 includes a system of wireless communication comprising a first wireless communication station, the first wireless communication station comprising one or more antennas; a radio; a memory; a processor; and a controller configured to cause the first wireless communication station to receive a Single Carrier (SC) transmission of an Enhanced Directional Multi-Gigabit (EDMG) Physical Layer Convergence Protocol (PLCP) Protocol Data Unit (PPDU) from a second wireless communication station, the SC transmission comprising a first plurality of subcarriers and a second plurality of subcarners, the first and second pluralities of subcarners representing a plurality of data bits and a plurality of Guard Interval (GI) bits of a data field of the EDMG PPDU, the SC transmission comprising a first frequency domain stream and a second frequency domain stream, the first frequency domain stream comprising the first plurality of subcarriers mapped to a first frequency sub-band, and the second plurality of subcarriers mapped to a second frequency sub-band, subsequent to the first frequency sub-band, the second frequency domain stream comprising the second plurality of subcarriers mapped to the first frequency sub-band, and the first plurality of subcarriers mapped to the second frequency sub-band; and demodulate the SC transmission according to a space-frequency diversity scheme.

[00288] Example 72 includes the subject matter of Example 71, and optionally, wherein the controller is configured to cause the first wireless communication station to demodulate the SC transmission by combining the first plurality of subcarriers from the first sub-band of the first frequency domain stream with the first plurality of subcarriers from the second sub-band of the second frequency domain stream, and combining the second plurality of subcarriers from the second sub-band of the first frequency domain stream with the second plurality of subcarriers from the first sub-band of the second frequency domain stream. [00289] Example 73 includes the subject matter of Example 71 or 72, and optionally, wherein the first frequency sub-band comprises N/2 subcarriers, and the second frequency sub-band comprises N/2 subcarriers.

[00290] Example 74 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 71-73, and optionally, wherein the controller is configured to cause the first wireless communication station to receive the SC transmission over a first spatial stream and a second spatial stream, the first spatial stream comprising the first frequency domain stream, and the second spatial stream comprising the second frequency domain stream.

[00291] Example 75 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 71-74, and optionally, wherein the SC transmission comprises a Multiple-Input-Multiple-Output (MIMO) transmission.

[00292] Example 76 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 71-75, and optionally, wherein the controller is configured to cause the first wireless communication station to receive the SC transmission in a frequency band above 45 Gigahertz (GHz).

[00293] Example 77 includes a method to be performed at a first wireless communication station, the method comprising receiving a Single Carrier (SC) transmission of an Enhanced Directional Multi-Gigabit (EDMG) Physical Layer Convergence Protocol (PLCP) Protocol Data Unit (PPDU) from a second wireless communication station, the SC transmission comprising a first plurality of subcarriers and a second plurality of subcarriers, the first and second pluralities of subcarriers representing a plurality of data bits and a plurality of Guard Interval (GI) bits of a data field of the EDMG PPDU, the SC transmission comprising a first frequency domain stream and a second frequency domain stream, the first frequency domain stream comprising the first plurality of subcarriers mapped to a first frequency sub-band, and the second plurality of subcarriers mapped to a second frequency sub-band, subsequent to the first frequency sub-band, the second frequency domain stream comprising the second plurality of subcarriers mapped to the first frequency sub-band, and the first plurality of subcarriers mapped to the second frequency sub-band; and demodulating the SC transmission according to a space-frequency diversity scheme.

[00294] Example 78 includes the subject matter of Example 77, and optionally, comprising demodulating the SC transmission by combining the first plurality of subcarriers from the first sub-band of the first frequency domain stream with the first plurality of subcarriers from the second sub-band of the second frequency domain stream, and combining the second plurality of subcarriers from the second sub-band of the first frequency domain stream with the second plurality of subcarriers from the first sub-band of the second frequency domain stream. [00295] Example 79 includes the subject matter of Example 77 or 78, and optionally, wherein the first frequency sub-band comprises N/2 subcarriers, and the second frequency sub-band comprises N/2 subcarriers.

[00296] Example 80 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 77-79, and optionally, comprising receiving the SC transmission over a first spatial stream and a second spatial stream, the first spatial stream comprising the first frequency domain stream, and the second spatial stream comprising the second frequency domain stream.

[00297] Example 81 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 77-80, and optionally, wherein the SC transmission comprises a Multiple-Input-Multiple-Output (MIMO) transmission.

[00298] Example 82 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 77-81, and optionally, comprising receiving the SC transmission in a frequency band above 45 Gigahertz (GHz).

[00299] Example 83 includes a product comprising one or more tangible computer-readable non-transitory storage media comprising computer-executable instructions operable to, when executed by at least one processor, enable the at least one processor to cause a first wireless communication station to receive a Single Carrier (SC) transmission of an Enhanced Directional Multi-Gigabit (EDMG) Physical Layer Convergence Protocol (PLCP) Protocol Data Unit (PPDU) from a second wireless communication station, the SC transmission comprising a first plurality of subcarriers and a second plurality of subcarriers, the first and second pluralities of subcarriers representing a plurality of data bits and a plurality of Guard Interval (GI) bits of a data field of the EDMG PPDU, the SC transmission comprising a first frequency domain stream and a second frequency domain stream, the first frequency domain stream comprising the first plurality of subcarriers mapped to a first frequency sub-band, and the second plurality of subcarriers mapped to a second frequency sub-band, subsequent to the first frequency sub-band, the second frequency domain stream comprising the second plurality of subcarriers mapped to the first frequency sub-band, and the first plurality of subcarriers mapped to the second frequency sub-band; and demodulate the SC transmission according to a space-frequency diversity scheme.

[00300] Example 84 includes the subject matter of Example 83, and optionally, wherein the instructions, when executed, cause the first wireless communication station to demodulate the SC transmission by combining the first plurality of subcarriers from the first sub-band of the first frequency domain stream with the first plurality of subcarriers from the second sub-band of the second frequency domain stream, and combining the second plurality of subcarriers from the second sub-band of the first frequency domain stream with the second plurality of subcarriers from the first sub-band of the second frequency domain stream. [00301] Example 85 includes the subject matter of Example 83 or 84, and optionally, wherein the first frequency sub-band comprises N/2 subcarriers, and the second frequency sub-band comprises N/2 subcarriers.

[00302] Example 86 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 83-85, and optionally, wherein the instructions, when executed, cause the first wireless communication station to receive the SC transmission over a first spatial stream and a second spatial stream, the first spatial stream comprising the first frequency domain stream, and the second spatial stream comprising the second frequency domain stream.

[00303] Example 87 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 83-86, and optionally, wherein the SC transmission comprises a Multiple-Input-Multiple-Output (MIMO) transmission.

[00304] Example 88 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 83-87, and optionally, wherein the instructions, when executed, cause the first wireless communication station to receive the SC transmission in a frequency band above 45 Gigahertz (GHz).

[00305] Example 89 includes an apparatus of wireless communication by a first wireless communication station, the apparatus comprising means for receiving a Single Carrier (SC) transmission of an Enhanced Directional Multi-Gigabit (EDMG) Physical Layer Convergence Protocol (PLCP) Protocol Data Unit (PPDU) from a second wireless communication station, the SC transmission comprising a first plurality of subcarriers and a second plurality of subcarriers, the first and second pluralities of subcarriers representing a plurality of data bits and a plurality of Guard Interval (GI) bits of a data field of the EDMG PPDU, the SC transmission comprising a first frequency domain stream and a second frequency domain stream, the first frequency domain stream comprising the first plurality of subcarriers mapped to a first frequency sub-band, and the second plurality of subcarriers mapped to a second frequency sub-band, subsequent to the first frequency sub-band, the second frequency domain stream comprising the second plurality of subcarriers mapped to the first frequency sub-band, and the first plurality of subcarriers mapped to the second frequency sub-band; and means for demodulating the SC transmission according to a space-frequency diversity scheme.

[00306] Example 90 includes the subject matter of Example 89, and optionally, comprising means for demodulating the SC transmission by combining the first plurality of subcarriers from the first sub-band of the first frequency domain stream with the first plurality of subcarriers from the second sub-band of the second frequency domain stream, and combining the second plurality of subcarriers from the second sub-band of the first frequency domain stream with the second plurality of subcarriers from the first sub-band of the second frequency domain stream. [00307] Example 91 includes the subject matter of Example 89 or 90, and optionally, wherein the first frequency sub-band comprises N/2 subcarriers, and the second frequency sub-band comprises N/2 subcarriers.

[00308] Example 92 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 89-91, and optionally, comprising means for receiving the SC transmission over a first spatial stream and a second spatial stream, the first spatial stream comprising the first frequency domain stream, and the second spatial stream comprising the second frequency domain stream.

[00309] Example 93 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 89-92, and optionally, wherein the SC transmission comprises a Multiple-Input-Multiple-Output (MIMO) transmission.

[003 10] Example 94 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 89-93, and optionally, comprising means for receiving the SC transmission in a frequency band above 45 Gigahertz (GHz).

[003 1 1 ] Functions, operations, components and/or features described herein with reference to one or more embodiments, may be combined with, or may be utilized in combination with, one or more other functions, operations, components and/or features described herein with reference to one or more other embodiments, or vice versa.

[003 12] While certain features have been illustrated and described herein, many modifications, substitutions, changes, and equivalents may occur to those skilled in the art. It is, therefore, to be understood that the appended claims are intended to cover all such modifications and changes as fall within the true spirit of the disclosure.