COMMUNICATION

CROSS REFERENCE

[001] This application claims the benefit of and priority from US Provisional Patent Application No. 62/291,839 entitled "Geo-Based Collision Avoidance for V2V Communication", filed February 5, 2016, the entire disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference.

TECHNICAL FIELD [002] Some embodiments described herein generally relate to vehicular User Equipment (UE) communication.

BACKGROUND

[003] Currently, as part of the Long Term Evolution (LTE) Standards, use cases and potential requirements for LTE support for vehicular communication services have been identified. There is a need for mechanisms to allow efficient implementation of the vehicular communication services.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[004] For simplicity and clarity of illustration, elements shown in the figures have not necessarily been drawn to scale. For example, the dimensions of some of the elements may be exaggerated relative to other elements for clarity of presentation. Furthermore, reference numerals may be repeated among the figures to indicate corresponding or analogous elements. The figures are listed below.

[005] Fig. 1 is a schematic block diagram illustration of a system, in accordance with some demonstrative embodiments.

[006] Fig. 2 is a schematic illustration of elements of a User Equipment (UE), in accordance with some demonstrative embodiments.

[007] Fig. 3 is a schematic illustration of geographically (geo) based time-based resource allocation scheme, in accordance with some demonstrative embodiments.

[008] Fig. 4 is a schematic illustration of a geo-based time-frequency based resource allocation scheme, in accordance with some demonstrative embodiments. [009] Fig. 5 is a schematic illustration of a geo-based resource re-allocation scheme, in accordance with some demonstrative embodiments.

[0010] Fig. 6 is a schematic illustration of a spatial isolation range corresponding to a geo- based resource allocation scheme, in accordance with some demonstrative embodiments.

[0011] Fig. 7 is a schematic illustration of a coarse geo-based resource allocation scheme, in accordance with some demonstrative embodiments.

[0012] Fig. 8 is a schematic illustration of a fine geo-based resource allocation scheme, in accordance with some demonstrative embodiments.

[0013] Fig. 9 is a schematic flow-chart illustration of a method of vehicular UE communication, in accordance with some demonstrative embodiments. [0014] Fig. 10 is a schematic flow-chart illustration of a method of resource allocation for vehicular UE communication, in accordance with some demonstrative embodiments.

[0015] Fig. 11 is a schematic illustration of a product, in accordance with some demonstrative embodiments. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] In the following detailed description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of some embodiments. However, it will be understood by persons of ordinary skill in the art that some embodiments may be practiced without these specific details. In other instances, well-known methods, procedures, components, units and/or circuits have not been described in detail so as not to obscure the discussion.

[0017] Discussions herein utilizing terms such as, for example, "processing", "computing", "calculating", "determining", "establishing", "analyzing", "checking", or the like, may refer to operation(s) and/or process(es) of a computer, a computing platform, a computing system, or other electronic computing device, that manipulate and/or transform data represented as physical (e.g., electronic) quantities within the computer's registers and/or memories into other data similarly represented as physical quantities within the computer' s registers and/or memories or other information storage medium that may store instructions to perform operations and/or processes. [0018] The terms "plurality" and "a plurality", as used herein, include, for example, "multiple" or "two or more". For example, "a plurality of items" includes two or more items.

[0019] References to "one embodiment," "an embodiment," "demonstrative embodiment," "various embodiments," etc., indicate that the embodiment(s) so described may include a particular feature, structure, or characteristic, but not every embodiment necessarily includes the particular feature, structure, or characteristic. Further, repeated use of the phrase "in one embodiment" does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, although it may.

[0020] As used herein, unless otherwise specified the use of the ordinal adjectives "first," "second," "third," etc., to describe a common object, merely indicate that different instances of like objects are being referred to, and are not intended to imply that the objects so described must be in a given sequence, either temporally, spatially, in ranking, or in any other manner.

[0021] Some embodiments may be used in conjunction with various devices and systems, for example, a Personal Computer (PC), a desktop computer, a mobile computer, a laptop computer, a notebook computer, a tablet computer, a Smartphone device, a server computer, a handheld computer, a handheld device, a Personal Digital Assistant (PDA) device, a handheld PDA device, an on-board device, an off-board device, an Internet of Things (IoT) device, a sensor device, a wearable device, a hybrid device, a vehicular device, a non- vehicular device, a mobile or portable device, a consumer device, a non-mobile or nonportable device, a wireless communication station, a wireless communication device, a wireless Access Point (AP), a wired or wireless router, a wired or wireless modem, a video device, an audio device, an audio-video (A/V) device, a wired or wireless network, a wireless area network, a cellular network, a cellular node, a cellular device, a Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN), a Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) transceiver or device, a Single Input Multiple Output (SIMO) transceiver or device, a Multiple Input Single Output (MISO) transceiver or device, a device having one or more internal antennas and/or external antennas, Digital Video Broadcast (DVB) devices or systems, multi-standard radio devices or systems, a wired or wireless handheld device, e.g., a Smartphone, a Wireless Application Protocol (WAP) device, vending machines, sell terminals, and the like.

[0022] Some embodiments may be used in conjunction with devices and/or networks operating in accordance with existing 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) and/or Long Term Evolution (LTE) specifications (including 3 GPP TS 36.321 ("ETSI TS 136 321 V13.0.0 (2016-02), LTE; Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA); Medium Access Control (MAC) protocol specification (3GPP TS 36.321 Version 13.0.0 Release 13)"); 3 GPP TS 36.331 ("ETSI TS 136 331 V13.0.0 (2016-01 ); LTE; Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA); Radio Resource Control (RRC) protocol specification (3GPP TS 36.331 Version 13.0.0 Release 13)"); 3 GPP TS 23.303 ( "3GPP TS 23.303 VI 3.2.0 (2015-12); Technical Specification; 3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification Group Services and System Aspects; Proximity-based services (ProSe); Stage 2 (Release 13) "); 3 GPP TS 36.213 ("3GPP TS 36.213 V13.0.0 (2015-12); Technical Specification; 3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification Group Radio Access Network; Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA); Physical layer procedures (Release 13)"); and/or 3 GPP TR 22.885 ("3GPP TR 22.885 V14.0.0 (2015-12); Technical Report; 3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification Group Services and System Aspects; Study on LTE support for Vehicle to Everything (V2X) services (Release 14)")) and/or future versions and/or derivatives thereof, devices and/or networks operating in accordance with existing IEEE 802.11 standards (including IEEE 802.11-2012 (including IEEE 802.11-2012, IEEE Standard for Information technology --Telecommunications and information exchange between systems Local and metropolitan area networks-Specific requirements Part 11: Wireless LAN Medium Access Control (MAC) and Physical Layer (PHY) Specifications, March 29, 2012); and/or IEEEP802.11REVmc™ (IEEEP802.1 IREVmc _D3.0, June 2014, Draft Standard for Information Technology - Telecommunications and Information Exchange Between Systems - Local and Metropolitan Area Networks - Specific Requirements - Part 11: Wireless LAN Medium Access Control (MAC) and Physical Layer (PHY) Specifications)), and/or future versions and/or derivatives thereof, devices and/or networks operating in accordance with existing IEEE 802.16 standards (IEEE-Std 802.16, 2009 Edition, Air Interface for Fixed Broadband Wireless Access Systems; IEEE-Std 802.16e, 2005 Edition, Physical and Medium Access Control Layers for Combined Fixed and Mobile Operation in Licensed Bands; amendment to IEEE Std 802.16-2009, developed by Task Group m) and/or future versions and/or derivatives thereof, devices and/or networks operating in accordance with existing WirelessHD™ specifications and/or future versions and/or derivatives thereof, units and/or devices which are part of the above networks, and the like.

[0023] Some embodiments may be used in conjunction with one or more types of wireless communication signals and/or systems, for example, Radio Frequency (RF), Frequency- Division Multiplexing (FDM), Orthogonal FDM (OFDM), Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA), Time-Division Multiplexing (TDM), Time-Division Multiple Access (TDMA), Extended TDMA (E-TDMA), General Packet Radio Service (GPRS), extended GPRS, Code-Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Wideband CDMA (WCDMA), CDMA 2000, single-carrier CDMA, multi-carrier CDMA, Multi-Carrier Modulation (MDM), Discrete Multi-Tone (DMT), Bluetooth®, Global Positioning System (GPS), Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi), Wi-Max, ZigBee™, Ultra-Wideband (UWB), Global System for Mobile communication (GSM), second generation (2G), 2.5G, 3G, 3.5G, 4G, Fifth Generation (5G) mobile networks, 3GPP, Long Term Evolution (LTE) cellular system, LTE advance cellular system, High-Speed Downlink Packet Access (HSDPA), High-Speed Uplink Packet Access (HSUPA), High-Speed Packet Access (HSPA), HSPA+, Single Carrier Radio Transmission Technology (1XRTT), Evolution-Data Optimized (EV-DO), Enhanced Data rates for GSM Evolution (EDGE), and the like. Other embodiments may be used in various other devices, systems and/or networks.

[0024] The term "wireless device", as used herein, includes, for example, a device capable of wireless communication, a communication device capable of wireless communication, a communication station capable of wireless communication, a portable or non-portable device capable of wireless communication, or the like. In some demonstrative embodiments, a wireless device may be or may include a peripheral that is integrated with a computer, or a peripheral that is attached to a computer. In some demonstrative embodiments, the term "wireless device" may optionally include a wireless service.

[0025] The term "communicating" as used herein with respect to a communication signal includes transmitting the communication signal and/or receiving the communication signal. For example, a communication unit, which is capable of communicating a communication signal, may include a transmitter to transmit the communication signal to at least one other communication unit, and/or a communication receiver to receive the communication signal from at least one other communication unit. The verb communicating may be used to refer to the action of transmitting or the action of receiving. In one example, the phrase "communicating a signal" may refer to the action of transmitting the signal by a first device, and may not necessarily include the action of receiving the signal by a second device. In another example, the phrase "communicating a signal" may refer to the action of receiving the signal by a first device, and may not necessarily include the action of transmitting the signal by a second device. [0026] As used herein, the term "circuitry" may refer to, be part of, or include, an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), an integrated circuit, an electronic circuit, a processor (shared, dedicated, or group), and/or memory (shared, dedicated, or group), that execute one or more software or firmware programs, a combinational logic circuit, and/or other suitable hardware components that provide the described functionality. In some embodiments, the circuitry may be implemented in, or functions associated with the circuitry may be implemented by, one or more software or firmware modules. In some embodiments, circuitry may include logic, at least partially operable in hardware.

[0027] The term "logic" may refer, for example, to computing logic embedded in circuitry of a computing apparatus and/or computing logic stored in a memory of a computing apparatus. For example, the logic may be accessible by a processor of the computing apparatus to execute the computing logic to perform computing functions and/or operations. In one example, logic may be embedded in various types of memory and/or firmware, e.g., silicon blocks of various chips and/or processors. Logic may be included in, and/or implemented as part of, various circuitry, e.g. radio circuitry, receiver circuitry, control circuitry, transmitter circuitry, transceiver circuitry, processor circuitry, and/or the like. In one example, logic may be embedded in volatile memory and/or non- volatile memory, including random access memory, read only memory, programmable memory, magnetic memory, flash memory, persistent memory, and the like. Logic may be executed by one or more processors using memory, e.g., registers, stuck, buffers, and/or the like, coupled to the one or more processors, e.g., as necessary to execute the logic.

[0028] The term "antenna", as used herein, may include any suitable configuration, structure and/or arrangement of one or more antenna elements, components, units, assemblies and/or arrays. In some embodiments, the antenna may implement transmit and receive functionalities using separate transmit and receive antenna elements. In some embodiments, the antenna may implement transmit and receive functionalities using common and/or integrated transmit/receive elements. The antenna may include, for example, a phased array antenna, a single element antenna, a dipole antenna, a set of switched beam antennas, and/or the like.

[0029] The term "cell", as used herein, may include a combination of network resources, for example, downlink and optionally uplink resources. The resources may be controlled and/or allocated, for example, by a node (also referred to as a "base station"), or the like. The linking between a carrier frequency of the downlink resources and a carrier frequency of the uplink resources may be indicated in system information transmitted on the downlink resources.

[0030] Some demonstrative embodiments are described herein with respect to a LTE network. However, other embodiments may be implemented in any other suitable cellular network or system, e.g., a Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) cellular system, a GSM network, a 3G cellular network, a 4G cellular network, a 4.5G network, a 5G cellular network, a WiMAX cellular network, and the like.

[0031] Some demonstrative embodiments are described herein with respect to a WLAN system, a WiFi system, a Bluetooth (BT) system, and/or a short-range communication network. However, other embodiments may be implemented in any other suitable non- cellular network. [0032] Some demonstrative embodiments may be used in conjunction with a Heterogeneous Network (HetNet), which may utilize a deployment of a mix of technologies, frequencies, cell sizes and/or network architectures, e.g., including cellular, millimeter wave ("mmWave" or "mmW"), and/or the like. In one example, the HetNet may include a radio access network having layers of different-sized cells ranging from large macrocells to small cells, for example, picocells and femtocells. Other embodiments may be used in conjunction with any other suitable wireless communication network. [0033] Other embodiments may be used in conjunction with any other suitable wireless communication network.

[0034] Reference is now made to Fig. 1, which schematically illustrates a block diagram of a system 100, in accordance with some demonstrative embodiments. [0035] As shown in Fig. 1, in some demonstrative embodiments, system 100 may include one or more wireless communication devices capable of communicating content, data, information and/or signals via one or more wireless mediums (WM). For example, system 100 may include one or more User Equipment (UE), e.g., UE 102 and/or UE 106, capable of communicating with one or more wireless communication networks, e.g., as described below. [0036] In some demonstrative embodiments, UE 102 and/or UE 106 may be configured to support vehicular communication, for example, Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) communications, e.g., as described below.

[0037] In some demonstrative embodiments, the V2X communications may include Vehicle-to- Vehicle (V2V) Communications, Vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V2I) Communications and/or Vehicle-to-Pedestrian (V2P) Communications, e.g., as described below.

[0038] For example, V2V communications may include communications of a V2X service, for example, where both parties of the communication are UEs using a V2V application. In one example, UE 102 may perform a V2V communication with UE 106. For example, UE 102 may be located in, connected to, implemented as part of, associated with and/or carried by a user of, a first vehicle, and/or UE 106 may be located in, connected to, implemented as part of, associated with and/or carried by a user of, a second vehicle.

[0039] For example, V2P communications may include communications of a V2X service, for example, where both parties of the communication are UEs using a V2P application. In one example, UE 102 may perform a V2P communication with UE 106. For example, UE 102 may be located in, connected to, implemented as part of, associated with and/or carried by a user of, a vehicle, and/or UE 106 may be associated with and/or carried by a pedestrian.

[0040] For example, V2I communications may include communications of a V2X service, for example, where one party is a UE and another party is a Road Side Unit (RSU), e.g., both using a V2I application. In one example, UE 102 and/or UE 106 may perform V2I communication with one or more RSUs. [0041] For example, a V2X service may include, a type of communication service that involves, for example, a transmitting or receiving UE using an application, e.g., a V2V application, via cellular transport, e.g., 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) transport.

[0042] In some demonstrative embodiments, system 100 may include an access network of a 3 GPP long-term evolution (LTE) or long-term evolution- advanced (LTE-A) network such as, for example, an evolved universal mobile telecommunication system (UMTS) terrestrial radio access network (E-UTRAN), and/or any other additional or alternative network.

[0043] In some demonstrative embodiments, elements of system 100 may be capable of communicating over one or more wireless mediums, for example, a radio channel, a cellular channel, an RF channel, a WiFi channel, an IR channel, and the like. One or more elements of system 100 may optionally be capable of communicating over any suitable wired communication links.

[0044] In some demonstrative embodiments, system 100 may include at least one cellular manager 104 to manage communication of a cellular network, e.g., as described below. [0045] In some demonstrative embodiments, cellular manager 104 may include, may operate as, and/or may perform the functionality of, an Evolved Node B (eNB) 104, e.g., as described below. For example, cellular manager 104 may be configured to perform radio resource management (RRM), radio bearer control, radio admission control (access control), connection mobility management, resource scheduling between UEs and eNB radios, e.g., Dynamic allocation of resources to UEs in both uplink and downlink, header compression, link encryption of user data streams, packet routing of user data towards a destination, e.g., another eNB or an Evolved Packet Core (EPC), scheduling and/or transmitting paging messages, e.g., incoming calls and/or connection requests, broadcast information coordination, measurement reporting, and/or any other operations, communications, and/or functionality.

[0046] In other embodiments, cellular manager 104 may include any other functionality and/or may perform the functionality of any other cellular node, network controller, base station or any other node or network device.

[0047] In some demonstrative embodiments, UE 102 and/or UE 106 may include, for example, a Mobile Device (MD), a Station (STA), a mobile computer, a laptop computer, a notebook computer, a tablet computer, an Ultrabook™ computer, an Internet of Things (IoT) device, a wearable device, a sensor device, a mobile internet device, a handheld computer, a handheld device, a storage device, a PDA device, a handheld PDA device, an on-board device, an off-board device, a hybrid device (e.g., combining cellular phone functionalities with PDA device functionalities), a consumer device, a vehicular device, a non-vehicular device, a mobile or portable device, a mobile phone, a cellular telephone, a PCS device, a mobile or portable GPS device, a DVB device, a relatively small computing device, a non- desktop computer, a "Carry Small Live Large" (CSLL) device, an Ultra Mobile Device (UMD), an Ultra Mobile PC (UMPC), a Mobile Internet Device (MID), an "Origami" device or computing device, a video device, an audio device, an A/V device, a gaming device, a media player, a Smartphone, or the like. [0048] In some demonstrative embodiments, UE 102, UE 106 and/or eNB 104 may include one or more communication interfaces to perform communication between UE 102, UE 106, eNB 104, and/or with one or more other wireless communication devices, e.g., as described below.

[0049] In some demonstrative embodiments, eNB 104 may include an air interface, for example, Device to Network (D2N) component 167, including, for example, a cellular transceiver (TRx) including circuitry and/or logic configured to communicate with UE 102 via a cellular link 133, and/or to communicate with UE 106 via a cellular link 135.

[0050] In some demonstrative embodiments, UE 102 may include a D2N component 165, for example, including a cellular transceiver (TRx) including circuitry and/or logic configured to communicate with a cellular network, for example, via a cellular device, e.g., eNB 104, via the cellular link 133.

[0051] In some demonstrative embodiments, UE 106 may include a D2N component 166, for example, including a cellular TRx including circuitry and/or logic configured to communicate with a cellular network, for example, via a cellular device, e.g., eNB 104, via the cellular link 135.

[0052] In some demonstrative embodiments, UE 102 may include at least one Proximity- based Services (ProSe) component 163, for example, including a non-cellular RAT transceiver (TRx), and/or UE 106 may include at least one ProSe component 164, for example, including a non-cellular RAT TRx, to communicate one or more V2X transmissions, for example, over a non-cellular RAT network. For example, UE 102 may communicate with UE 106 via at least one non-cellular RAT link 131, e.g., as described below. [0053] In some demonstrative embodiments, ProSe component 163 and/or ProSe component 164 may include, for example, a WLAN TRx, including circuitry and/or logic configured to communicate via a WLAN link 131.

[0054] In some demonstrative embodiments, ProSe component 163 and/or ProSe component 164 may include, for example, a Bluetooth (BT) TRx, including circuitry and/or logic configured to communicate via a BT link 131.

[0055] Some embodiments are described below with respect to a UE, e.g., UE 102 and/or UE 106, including a WLAN TRx to communicate over a WLAN and/or a BT TRx to communicate over a BT link. In other embodiments, the UE, e.g., UE 102 and/or UE 106, may include any additional or alternative non-cellular RAT TRx to communicate over any additional or alternative non-cellular RAT network.

[0056] In some demonstrative embodiments, ProSe component 163, D2N component 165, D2N component 167, D2N component 166, and/or ProSe component 164 may include one or more wireless transmitters, receivers and/or transceivers including circuitry and/or logic to process, encode, decode, send and/or receive wireless communication signals, RF signals, frames, blocks, transmission streams, packets, messages, data items, and/or data.

[0057] In some demonstrative embodiments, ProSe component 163, D2N component 165, D2N component 167, D2N component 166, and/or ProSe component 164 may include one or more wireless receivers (Rx) including circuitry and/or logic to receive wireless communication signals, RF signals, frames, blocks, transmission streams, packets, messages, data items, and/or data; and/or one or more wireless transmitters (Tx) including circuitry and/or logic to send wireless communication signals, RF signals, frames, blocks, transmission streams, packets, messages, data items, and/or data. For example, ProSe component 163, D2N component 165, D2N component 167, D2N component 166, and/or ProSe component 164 may include circuitry; logic; Radio Frequency (RF) elements, circuitry and/or logic; baseband elements, circuitry and/or logic; modulation elements, circuitry and/or logic; demodulation elements, circuitry and/or logic; amplifiers; analog to digital and/or digital to analog converters; filters; and/or the like.

[0058] In some demonstrative embodiments, D2N component 165, D2N component 167, and/or D2N component 166 may include a multiple input multiple output (MIMO) transmitters receivers system (not shown), which may be capable of performing antenna beamforming methods, if desired. In other embodiments, D2N component 165, D2N component 167, and/or D2N component 166 may include any other transmitters and/or receivers.

[0059] In some demonstrative embodiments, D2N component 165, D2N component 167, and/or D2N component 166 may include LTE, WCDMA and/or TD-SCDMA modulator and/or demodulator circuitry (not shown) configured to modulate and/or demodulate downlink signals to be communicated over downlink channels, e.g., between eNB and UE 102 and/or UE 106, and/or uplink signals to be communicated over uplink channels, e.g., from UE 102 and/or UE 106 to eNB 106 104. In other embodiments, D2N component 165, D2N component 167, and/or D2N component 166 may include any other modulators and/or demodulators.

[0060] In some demonstrative embodiments, D2N component 165, D2N component 167, and/or D2N component 166 may include a turbo decoder and/or a turbo encoder (not shown) including circuitry and/or logic for encoding and/or decoding data bits into data symbols, if desired. In some demonstrative embodiments, D2N component 165, D2N component 167, and/or D2N component 166 may include OFDM and/or SC-FDMA modulators and/or demodulators (not shown) configured to communicate OFDM signals over downlink (DL) channels, and/or SC-FDMA signals over uplink (UL) channels.

[0061] In some demonstrative embodiments, UE 102 may establish a WLAN link with UE 106. For example, ProSe component 163 and/or ProSe component 164 may perform the functionality of one or more STAs, e.g., one or more WiFi STAs, WLAN STAs, and/or DMG STAs.

[0062] In some demonstrative embodiments, UE 102 may establish a BT link with UE 106. For example, ProSe component 163 and/or ProSe component 164 may perform the functionality of one or more BT STAs or devices, e.g., a BT master device, a BT slave device, and/or a Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) device.

[0063] In some demonstrative embodiments, UE 102, UE 106, and/or eNB 104, may include, or may be associated with, one or more antennas. In one example, D2N component 167 may be associated with at least two antennas, e.g., antennas 132 and 134, or any other number of antennas, e.g., one antenna or more than two antennas; D2N component 165 may be associated with at least two antennas, e.g., antennas 114, or any other number of antennas, e.g., one antenna or more than two antennas; D2N component 166 may be associated with at least two antennas, e.g., antennas 115, or any other number of antennas, e.g., one antenna or more than two antennas; ProSe component 163 may be associated with one or more antennas 112; and/or ProSe component 164 may be associated with one or more antennas 113.

[0064] In some demonstrative embodiments, antennas 112, 113, 114, 115, 132, and/or 134 may include any type of antennas suitable for transmitting and/or receiving wireless communication signals, blocks, frames, transmission streams, packets, messages and/or data. For example, antennas 112, 113, 114, 115, 132, and/or 134 may include any suitable configuration, structure and/or arrangement of one or more antenna elements, components, units, assemblies and/or arrays. For example, antennas 112, 113, 114, 115, 132, and/or 134 may include a phased array antenna, a dipole antenna, a single element antenna, a set of switched beam antennas, and/or the like.

[0065] In some embodiments, antennas 112, 113, 114, 115, 132, and/or 134 may implement transmit and receive functionalities using separate transmit and receive antenna elements. In some embodiments, antennas 112, 113, 114, 115, 132, and/or 134 may implement transmit and receive functionalities using common and/or integrated transmit/receive elements. [0066] In some demonstrative embodiments, eNB 104 may include at least one controller component 182, UE 102 may include at least one controller component 197, and/or UE 106 may include at least one controller component 192. Controllers 182, 197, and/or 192 may be configured to trigger one or more communications, may generate and/or trigger communication of one or more messages and/or transmissions, and/or may perform one or more functionalities, operations and/or procedures, e.g., as described below.

[0067] In some demonstrative embodiments, controllers 182, 197, and/or 192 may include circuitry and/or logic, e.g., one or more processors including circuitry and/or logic, memory circuitry and/or logic, Media-Access Control (MAC) circuitry and/or logic, Physical Layer (PHY) circuitry and/or logic, and/or any other circuitry and/or logic, configured to perform the functionality of controllers 182, 197, and/or 192, respectively. Additionally or alternatively, one or more functionalities of controllers 182, 197, and/or 192 may be implemented by logic, which may be executed by a machine and/or one or more processors, e.g., as described below.

[0068] In one example, controller 182 may include circuitry and/or logic, for example, one or more processors including circuitry and/or logic, configured to cause, request and/or trigger eNB 104 to perform one or more operations, communications and/or functionalities, e.g., as described herein. In one example, controller 197 may include circuitry and/or logic, for example, one or more processors including circuitry and/or logic, configured to cause, request and/or trigger UE 102 to perform one or more operations, communications and/or functionalities, e.g., as described herein. In one example, controller 192 may include circuitry and/or logic, for example, one or more processors including circuitry and/or logic, configured to cause, request and/or trigger UE 106 to perform one or more operations, communications and/or functionalities, e.g., as described herein.

[0069] In some demonstrative embodiments, eNB 104 may include a message processor 144 configured to generate, process and/or access one or messages communicated by eNB 104. In one example, message processor 144 may be configured to generate one or more messages to be transmitted by eNB 104, and/or message processor 144 may be configured to access and/or to process one or more messages received by eNB 104, e.g., as described below.

[0070] In some demonstrative embodiments, UE 102 may include a message processor 198 configured to generate, process and/or access one or messages communicated by UE 102. In one example, message processor 198 may be configured to generate one or more messages to be transmitted by UE 102, and/or message processor 198 may be configured to access and/or to process one or more messages received by UE 102, e.g., as described below.

[0071] In some demonstrative embodiments, UE 106 may include a message processor 196 configured to generate, process and/or access one or messages communicated by UE 106. In one example, message processor 196 may be configured to generate one or more messages to be transmitted by UE 106, and/or message processor 196 may be configured to access and/or to process one or more messages received by UE 106, e.g., as described below.

[0072] In some demonstrative embodiments, message processors 144, 198 and/or 196 may include circuitry, e.g., processor circuitry, memory circuitry, Media-Access Control (MAC) circuitry, Physical Layer (PHY) circuitry, and/or any other circuitry, configured to perform the functionality of message processors 144, 198 and/or 196. Additionally or alternatively, one or more functionalities of message processors 144, 198 and/or 196 may be implemented by logic, which may be executed by a machine and/or one or more processors, e.g., as described below.

[0073] In some demonstrative embodiments, at least part of the functionality of message processor 144 may be implemented as part of D2N component 167; at least part of the functionality of message processor 198 may be implemented as part of D2N component 165 and/or ProSe component 163; and/or at least part of the functionality of message processor 196 may be implemented as part of D2N component 166 and/or ProSe component 164.

[0074] In some demonstrative embodiments, at least part of the functionality of message processor 144 may be implemented as part of controller 182, at least part of the functionality of message processor 198 may be implemented as part of controller 197, and/or at least part of the functionality of message processor 196 may be implemented as part of controller 192.

[0075] In other embodiments, at least part of the functionality of message processor 144 may be implemented as part of any other element of eNB 104, at least part of the functionality of message processor 198 may be implemented as part of any other element of UE 102, and/or at least part of the functionality of message processor 196 may be implemented as part of any other element of UE 106.

[0076] In some demonstrative embodiments, at least part of the functionality of controller 197, and/or message processor 198 may be implemented by an integrated circuit, for example, a chip, e.g., a System on Chip (SoC). In one example, the chip or SoC may be configured to perform one or more functionalities of D2N component 165 and/or ProSe component 163. For example, the chip or SoC may include one or more elements of controller 197, message processor 198, and/or one or more elements of D2N component 165 and/or ProSe component 163. In one example, controller 197, message processor 198, D2N component 165, and ProSe component 163 may be implemented as part of the chip or SoC. In other embodiments, controller 197, message processor 198, D2N component 165 and/or ProSe component 163 may be implemented by one or more additional or alternative elements of UE 102.

[0077] In some demonstrative embodiments, at least part of the functionality of controller 192, and/or message processor 196 may be implemented by an integrated circuit, for example, a chip, e.g., a System on Chip (SoC). In one example, the chip or SoC may be configured to perform one or more functionalities of D2N component 166 and/or ProSe component 164. For example, the chip or SoC may include one or more elements of controller 192, message processor 196, and/or one or more elements of D2N component 166 and/or ProSe component 164. In one example, controller 192, message processor 196, D2N component 166, and ProSe component 164 may be implemented as part of the chip or SoC. In other embodiments, controller 192, message processor 196, D2N component 166 and/or ProSe component 164 may be implemented by one or more additional or alternative elements of UE 106.

[0078] In some demonstrative embodiments, at least part of the functionality of controller 182 and/or message processor 144 may be implemented by an integrated circuit, for example, a chip, e.g., a System on Chip (SoC). In one example, the chip or SoC may be configured to perform one or more functionalities of D2N component 167. For example, the chip or SoC may include one or more elements of controller 182, message processor 144, and/or one or more elements of D2N component 167. In one example, controller 182, message processor 144, and D2N component 167 may be implemented as part of the chip or SoC. In other embodiments, controller 182, message processor 144, and/or D2N component 167 may be implemented by one or more additional or alternative elements of eNB 104.

[0079] In some demonstrative embodiments, eNB 104, UE 102, and/or UE 106 may also include, for example, one or more of a processor, an input unit, an output unit, a memory unit, and/or a storage unit. For example, eNB 104 may include a processor 173 and/or a memory 174; UE 102 may include a memory 151, a processor 152, an input unit 153, an output unit 154, and/or a storage unit 155; and/or UE 106 may include a memory 175, a processor 176, an input unit 178, an output unit 179, and/or a storage unit 177. UE 102, cellular manager 104 and/or UE 106 may optionally include other suitable hardware components and/or software components. In some demonstrative embodiments, some or all of the components of UE 102 may be enclosed in a common housing or packaging, and may be interconnected or operably associated using one or more wired or wireless links; some or all of the components of UE 106 may be enclosed in a common housing or packaging, and may be interconnected or operably associated using one or more wired or wireless links; and/or some or all of the components of eNB 104 may be enclosed in a common housing or packaging, and may be interconnected or operably associated using one or more wired or wireless links. In other embodiments, components of UE 102 may be distributed among multiple or separate devices, components of UE 106 may be distributed among multiple or separate devices, and/or components of eNB 104 may be distributed among multiple or separate devices. [0080] In some demonstrative embodiments, processors 173, 152, and/or 176 may include, for example, a Central Processing Unit (CPU), a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), one or more processor cores, a single-core processor, a dual-core processor, a multiple-core processor, a microprocessor, a host processor, a controller, a plurality of processors or controllers, a chip, a microchip, one or more circuits, circuitry, a logic unit, an Integrated Circuit (IC), an Application-Specific IC (ASIC), or any other suitable multi-purpose or specific processor or controller. For example, processor 173 may execute instructions, for example, of an Operating System (OS) of eNB 194 104 and/or of one or more suitable applications; processor 152 may execute instructions of an OS of UE 102 and/or of one or more suitable applications; and/or processor 176 may execute instructions of an OS of UE 106 and/or of one or more suitable applications.

[0081] In some demonstrative embodiments, input unit 153 and/or input unit 178 may include, for example, a keyboard, a keypad, a mouse, a touch-screen, a touch-pad, a track- ball, a stylus, a microphone, or other suitable pointing device or input device. Output unit 154 and/or output unit 177 includes, for example, a monitor, a screen, a touch-screen, a flat panel display, a Light Emitting Diode (LED) display unit, a Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) display unit, a plasma display unit, one or more audio speakers or earphones, or other suitable output devices. [0082] In some demonstrative embodiments, memory units 174, 175 and/or 151 may include, for example, a Random Access Memory (RAM), a Read Only Memory (ROM), a Dynamic RAM (DRAM), a Synchronous DRAM (SD-RAM), a flash memory, a volatile memory, a non-volatile memory, a cache memory, a buffer, a short term memory unit, a long term memory unit, or other suitable memory units. Storage units 155 and/or 177 may include, for example, a hard disk drive, a floppy disk drive, a Compact Disk (CD) drive, a CD-ROM drive, a DVD drive, or other suitable removable or non-removable storage units. For example, memory unit 174 may store data processed by eNB 104; memory unit 151 may store data processed by UE 102; and/or memory unit 175 may store data processed by UE 106. [0083] Reference is made to Fig. 2, which schematically illustrates elements of a UE device 200, in accordance with some demonstrative embodiments. For example, UE 102 (Fig. 1) may include one or more elements of UE device 200, and/or UE 106 (Fig. 1) may include one or more elements of UE device 200. In one example, one or more elements of UE device 200 may be configured to perform the functionality of one or more of D2N component 165 (Fig. 1), ProSe component 163 (Fig. 1), controller 197 (Fig., 1), message processor 198 (Fig. 1), and/or one or more other elements of UE 102 (Fig. 1). In one example, one or more elements of UE device 200 may be configured to perform the functionality of one or more of D2N component 166 (Fig. 1), ProSe component 164 (Fig. 1), controller 192 (Fig., 1), message processor 196 (Fig. 1), and/or one or more other elements of UE 106 (Fig. 1). In some demonstrative embodiments, embodiments of a UE may be implemented into a system using any suitably configured hardware and/or software. Fig. 2 illustrates, for one embodiment, example components of UE device 200. [0084] In some demonstrative embodiments, UE device 200 may include application circuitry 202, baseband circuitry 204, Radio Frequency (RF) circuitry 206, front-end module (FEM) circuitry 208, and one or more antennas 210, coupled together at least as shown.

[0085] In one example, application circuitry 202 may be configured to perform at least part of the functionality of controller 197 (Fig. 1), and/or message processor 198 (Fig. 1); and/or baseband circuitry 204, RF circuitry 206, and/or FEM circuitry 208 may be configured to perform at least part of the functionality of D2N component 165 (Fig. 1), ProSe component

163 (Fig. 1), controller 197 (Fig. 1), and/or message processor 198 (Fig. 1).

[0086] In another example, application circuitry 202 may be configured to perform at least part of the functionality of controller 192 (Fig. 1), and/or message processor 196 (Fig. 1); and/or baseband circuitry 204, RF circuitry 206, and/or FEM circuitry 208 may be configured to perform at least part of the functionality of D2N component 166 (Fig. 1), ProSe component

164 (Fig. 1), controller 192 (Fig. 1), and/or message processor 196 (Fig. 1).

[0087] In some demonstrative embodiments, the application circuitry 202 may include one or more application processors. For example, the application circuitry 202 may include circuitry such as, but not limited to, one or more single-core or multi-core processors. The processor(s) may include any combination of general-purpose processors and dedicated processors (e.g., graphics processors, application processors, etc.). The processors may be coupled with and/or may include memory/storage and may be configured to execute instructions stored in the memory/storage to enable various applications and/or operating systems to run on the system.

[0088] In some demonstrative embodiments, the baseband circuitry 204 may include circuitry such as, but not limited to, one or more single-core or multi-core processors. The baseband circuitry 204 may include one or more baseband processors and/or control logic to process baseband signals received from a receive signal path of the RF circuitry 206 and to generate baseband signals for a transmit signal path of the RF circuitry 206. Baseband processing circuitry 204 may interface with the application circuitry 202, for example, for generation and processing of the baseband signals and for controlling operations of the RF circuitry 206. For example, in some embodiments, the baseband circuitry 204 may include a second generation (2G) baseband processor 204a, a third generation (3G) baseband processor 204b, a fourth generation (4G) baseband processor 204c, and/or other baseband processor(s) 204d for other existing generations, generations in development or to be developed in the future (e.g., fifth generation (5G), 6G, etc.). The baseband circuitry 204 (e.g., one or more of baseband processors 204a-d) may handle various radio control functions that enable communication with one or more radio networks via the RF circuitry 206. The radio control functions may include, but are not limited to, signal modulation/demodulation, encoding/decoding, radio frequency shifting, etc. In some embodiments, modulation/demodulation circuitry of the baseband circuitry 204 may include Fast-Fourier Transform (FFT), precoding, and/or constellation mapping/demapping functionality. In some embodiments, encoding/decoding circuitry of the baseband circuitry 204 may include convolution, tail-biting convolution, turbo, Viterbi, and/or Low Density Parity Check (LDPC) encoder/decoder functionality. Embodiments of modulation/demodulation and encoder/decoder functionality are not limited to these examples and may include other suitable functionality in other embodiments.

[0089] In some demonstrative embodiments, the baseband circuitry 204 may include elements of a protocol stack such as, for example, elements of an evolved universal terrestrial radio access network (EUTRAN) protocol including, for example, physical (PHY), media access control (MAC), radio link control (RLC), packet data convergence protocol (PDCP), and/or radio resource control (RRC) elements. A central processing unit (CPU) 204e of the baseband circuitry 204 may be configured, for example, to run elements of the protocol stack for signaling of the PHY, MAC, RLC, PDCP and/or RRC layers. In some embodiments, the baseband circuitry may include one or more audio digital signal processor(s) (DSP) 204f. The audio DSP(s) 204f may be include elements for compression/decompression and echo cancellation, and/or may include other suitable processing elements in other embodiments. Components of the baseband circuitry 204 may be suitably combined in a single chip, a single chipset, or disposed on a same circuit board in some embodiments. In some embodiments, some or all of the constituent components of the baseband circuitry 204 and the application circuitry 202 may be implemented together such as, for example, on a system on a chip (SOC).

[0090] In some demonstrative embodiments, the baseband circuitry 204 may provide for communication compatible with one or more radio technologies. For example, in some embodiments, the baseband circuitry 204 may support communication with an evolved universal terrestrial radio access network (EUTRAN) and/or other wireless metropolitan area networks (WMAN), a wireless local area network (WLAN), a wireless personal area network (WPAN), and/or one or more additional or alternative networks. Embodiments in which the baseband circuitry 204 is configured to support radio communications of more than one wireless protocol may be referred to as multi-mode baseband circuitry.

[0091] In some demonstrative embodiments, RF circuitry 206 may enable communication with wireless networks using modulated electromagnetic radiation through a non-solid medium. In various embodiments, the RF circuitry 206 may include switches, filters, amplifiers, etc. to facilitate the communication with the wireless network. RF circuitry 206 may include a receive signal path which may include circuitry to down-convert RF signals received from the FEM circuitry 208, and to provide baseband signals to the baseband circuitry 204. RF circuitry 206 may also include a transmit signal path which may include circuitry to up-convert baseband signals provided by the baseband circuitry 204 and provide RF output signals to the FEM circuitry 208 for transmission.

[0092] In some demonstrative embodiments, the RF circuitry 206 may include a receive signal path and a transmit signal path. The receive signal path of the RF circuitry 206 may include mixer circuitry 206a, amplifier circuitry 206b, and filter circuitry 206c. The transmit signal path of the RF circuitry 206 may include filter circuitry 206c and mixer circuitry 206a. RF circuitry 206 may also include synthesizer circuitry 206d for synthesizing a frequency for use by the mixer circuitry 206a of the receive signal path and the transmit signal path. In some embodiments, the mixer circuitry 206a of the receive signal path may be configured to down-convert RF signals received from the FEM circuitry 208 based on the synthesized frequency provided by synthesizer circuitry 206d. The amplifier circuitry 206b may be configured to amplify the down-converted signals and the filter circuitry 206c may be, for example, a low-pass filter (LPF) or a band-pass filter (BPF), configured to remove unwanted signals from the down-converted signals to generate output baseband signals. Output baseband signals may be provided to the baseband circuitry 204 for further processing. In some embodiments, the output baseband signals may be zero-frequency baseband signals, although this is not a requirement. In some embodiments, mixer circuitry 206a of the receive signal path may comprise passive mixers, although the scope of the embodiments is not limited in this respect. [0093] In some demonstrative embodiments, the mixer circuitry 206a of the transmit signal path may be configured to up-convert input baseband signals based on the synthesized frequency provided by the synthesizer circuitry 206d to generate RF output signals for the FEM circuitry 208. The baseband signals may be provided by the baseband circuitry 204 and may be filtered by filter circuitry 206c. The filter circuitry 206c may include a low-pass filter (LPF), although the scope of the embodiments is not limited in this respect.

[0094] In some demonstrative embodiments, the mixer circuitry 206a of the receive signal path and the mixer circuitry 206a of the transmit signal path may include two or more mixers and may be arranged for quadrature downconversion and/or upconversion respectively. In some embodiments, the mixer circuitry 206a of the receive signal path and the mixer circuitry 206a of the transmit signal path may include two or more mixers and may be arranged for image rejection (e.g., Hartley image rejection). In some embodiments, the mixer circuitry 206a of the receive signal path and the mixer circuitry 206a may be arranged for direct downconversion and/or direct upconversion, respectively. In some embodiments, the mixer circuitry 206a of the receive signal path and the mixer circuitry 206a of the transmit signal path may be configured for super-heterodyne operation.

[0095] In some demonstrative embodiments, the output baseband signals and the input baseband signals may be analog baseband signals, although the scope of the embodiments is not limited in this respect. In some alternate embodiments, the output baseband signals and the input baseband signals may be digital baseband signals. In these alternate embodiments, the RF circuitry 206 may include analog-to-digital converter (ADC) and digital-to-analog converter (DAC) circuitry, and the baseband circuitry 204 may include a digital baseband interface to communicate with the RF circuitry 206.

[0096] In some dual-mode embodiments, a separate radio IC circuitry may be provided for processing signals for each spectrum, although the scope of the embodiments is not limited in this respect.

[0097] In some demonstrative embodiments, the synthesizer circuitry 206d may be a fractional-N synthesizer or a fractional N/N+l synthesizer, although the scope of the embodiments is not limited in this respect as other types of frequency synthesizers may be suitable. For example, synthesizer circuitry 206d may be a delta-sigma synthesizer, a frequency multiplier, or a synthesizer comprising a phase-locked loop with a frequency divider. [0098] In some demonstrative embodiments, the synthesizer circuitry 206d may be configured to synthesize an output frequency for use by the mixer circuitry 206a of the RF circuitry 206 based on a frequency input and a divider control input. In some embodiments, the synthesizer circuitry 206d may be a fractional N/N+l synthesizer. [0099] In some demonstrative embodiments, frequency input may be provided by a voltage controlled oscillator (VCO), although that is not a requirement. Divider control input may be provided by either the baseband circuitry 204 or the applications processor 202 depending on the desired output frequency. In some embodiments, a divider control input (e.g., N) may be determined from a look-up table based on a channel indicated by the applications processor 202.

[00100] In some demonstrative embodiments, synthesizer circuitry 206d of the RF circuitry 206 may include a divider, a delay-locked loop (DLL), a multiplexer and a phase accumulator. In some embodiments, the divider may be a dual modulus divider (DMD) and the phase accumulator may be a digital phase accumulator (DPA). In some embodiments, the DMD may be configured to divide the input signal by either N or N+l (e.g., based on a carry out) to provide a fractional division ratio. In some example embodiments, the DLL may include a set of cascaded, tunable, delay elements, a phase detector, a charge pump and a D- type flip-flop. In these embodiments, the delay elements may be configured to break a VCO period up into Nd equal packets of phase, where Nd is the number of delay elements in the delay line. In this way, the DLL provides negative feedback to help ensure that the total delay through the delay line is one VCO cycle.

[00101] In some demonstrative embodiments, synthesizer circuitry 206d may be configured to generate a carrier frequency as the output frequency, while in other embodiments, the output frequency may be a multiple of the carrier frequency (e.g., twice the carrier frequency, four times the carrier frequency) and used in conjunction with quadrature generator and divider circuitry to generate multiple signals at the carrier frequency with multiple different phases with respect to each other. In some embodiments, the output frequency may be a LO frequency (fLO). In some embodiments, the RF circuitry 206 may include an IQ/polar converter. [00102] In some demonstrative embodiments, FEM circuitry 208 may include a receive signal path which may include circuitry configured to operate on RF signals received from one or more antennas 210, amplify the received signals and provide the amplified versions of the received signals to the RF circuitry 206 for further processing. FEM circuitry 208 may also include a transmit signal path which may include circuitry configured to amplify signals for transmission provided by the RF circuitry 206 for transmission by one or more of the one or more antennas 210. [00103] In some demonstrative embodiments, the FEM circuitry 208 may include a TX/RX switch to switch between transmit mode and receive mode operation. The FEM circuitry may include a receive signal path and a transmit signal path. The receive signal path of the FEM circuitry may include a low-noise amplifier (LNA) to amplify received RF signals and provide the amplified received RF signals as an output (e.g., to the RF circuitry 206). The transmit signal path of the FEM circuitry 208 may include a power amplifier (PA) to amplify input RF signals (e.g., provided by RF circuitry 206), and one or more filters to generate RF signals for subsequent transmission (e.g., by one or more of the one or more antennas 210.

[00104] In some embodiments, the UE device 200 may include one or more additional or alternative elements such as, for example, memory/storage, display, camera, sensor, and/or input/output (I/O) interface.

[00105] Referring back to Fig. 1, in some demonstrative embodiments, eNB 104, UE 102 and/or UE 106 may be configured to implement one or more resource allocation mechanisms, which may be configured, for example, to support at least LTE based vehicular-to-vehicular (V2V) communication, e.g., as described below. [00106] In some demonstrative embodiments, eNB 104, UE 102 and/or UE 106 may be configured to implement one or more resource allocation mechanisms, which may be configured, for example, to improve one or more technical aspects, for example, at least to reduce over-air congestion, to reduce collisions, to control quality, to meet performance requirements, e.g., of Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) applications, to improve reliability of packet delivery, and/or to provide one or more additional or alternative improvements, solutions, and/or benefits.

[00107] In some demonstrative embodiments, eNB 104, UE 102 and/or UE 106 may be configured to implement one or more resource allocation mechanisms, which may be, for example, based at least on geographic (geo) collision avoidance techniques, e.g., as described below.

[00108] In some demonstrative embodiments, eNB 104, UE 102 and/or UE 106 may be configured to support one or more ITS applications, such as, for example, active road safety and/or traffic management applications, which may require periodic and/or event-triggered transmission of messages carrying information about vehicle and/or a surrounding environment such as, for example, vehicle location, vehicle speed, vehicle acceleration, and/or one or more different types of other control messages, which may be required for operation of vehicular applications.

[00109] In some demonstrative embodiments, a traffic pattern generated by road safety applications may be represented by periodical messages of up to a byte size, denoted Nvix- For example, the size Nvix may vary in the range from 50 bytes to 1200 bytes, e.g., depending on upper layer protocols and/or applications. In one example, the message byte size may be Nvix = 190 bytes. In another example, the message byte size may be Nvix = 300 bytes. In other embodiments, any other constant or variable message byte size may be used.

[00110] In some demonstrative embodiments, the messages may be configured to support delivery to one or more neighborhood entities, for example, one or more subscribers of V2X services (also referred to as "V2X users"), e.g., including but not limited to vehicles, pedestrians, roadside units and/or eNBs.

[00111] In some demonstrative embodiments, communication of V2X messages may be required, for example, to comply with one or more requirements, for example, to allow supporting proper operation of vehicular applications. In one example, it may be important to support reliable delivery of messages within a predefined effective range, denoted Rvix, for example, for delivery to Xv2x = 90% of V2X users within a range Rvix= 300 meter (m). In another example, it may be important to support a latency requirement relating to latency of the message delivery, for example, since broadcasted information may become outdated if it is not delivered within a predefined time. For example, there may be latency requirement, denoted Lv2x, for example, 100 milliseconds (ms), e.g., for V2V road safety applications. The latency requirement may vary, for example, depending at least on application environment, message content and/or one or more additional or alternative criteria. For example, a system may tolerate larger latencies, but still operate properly.

[00112] In some demonstrative embodiments, for example, given a periodical transmission nature of V2X traffic, performance of a V2V system may depend, for example, at least on the amount of V2X users in the neighborhood, e.g., vehicles, pedestrians, roadside units, or other entities participating in a V2X service. For example, under assumption of a limited amount of allocated spectrum resources in a dense environment, it may happen that system performance may degrade substantially, for example, due to frequent collisions and/or congestion, which may lead to an environment of severe interference. Accordingly, it may be advantageous to provide a mechanism, which may allow to control congestion and/or an environment with interference. [00113] In some demonstrative embodiments, one or more factors, including for example, in- band emissions interference, half-duplex, and/or co-channel interference effects, may affect congested operation. For example, an in-band emission problem may appear when a receiver tries to process two or more frequency separated signals in the same time resource, e.g., a same LTE subframe), but due to channel attenuations, the received powers of these signals may have a very large difference (dynamic range), which may lead to unsatisfactory reception of weaker signals, e.g., due to de- sensitivity and/or in-band emission masking. For example, a half-duplex problem may be caused by the assumption that UEs operate in the same frequency band and thus cannot transmit and receive at the same moment of time. This assumption may lead to missing a part of V2V traffic from proximal UEs, and/or degradation of the overall system performance. For example, co-channel interference may be caused by the transmission of several users on the same resource, which may make it problematic to receive one or more of the transmissions, e.g., due to strong interference from other transmissions.

[00114] In some demonstrative embodiments, there may be one or more criteria regarding required latency of V2X communications. For example, in some applications for V2V traffic, there may be a requirement on end-to-end latency of 100ms for delivering V2V data. In other applications, e.g., automotive driving, the required latency may be very low, e.g., as low as lms, which may be equal to a duration of an LTE subframe.

[00115] In some demonstrative embodiments, one or more elements of system 100, e.g., eNB 104, UE 102, and/or UE 106, may be configured to implement a geo-based transmission scheme, e.g., as described below.

[00116] In some demonstrative embodiments, the geo-based transmission scheme may allow V2V collision avoidance, and, accordingly, may address, reduce, and/or mitigate one or more of the technical problems described above, and/or may provide one or more additional or alternative benefits, results, and/or advantages.

[00117] In some demonstrative embodiments, the geo-based transmission scheme may be configured to assign transmission resources for UEs based on their geographical coordinates, e.g., as described below. Accordingly, the half-duplex issues, the inband emission issues and/or the co-channel interference issues may be reduced or mitigated, e.g., for broadcast based V2V communication.

[00118] In some demonstrative embodiments, a location of a vehicle may be determined, for example, by a UE in the vehicle, another component in the vehicle, and/or a network component.

[00119] In one example, UE 102 may be configured to determine the location of a vehicle carrying UE 102, for example, based on location measurements performed by one or more location measurement components of UE 102, e.g., which may be implemented as part of controller 197 and/or by one or more additional or alternative UE components.

[00120] In another example, UE 102 may be configured to receive an indication of the location of the vehicle carrying UE 102, for example, based on location measurements performed by one or more location measurement components of the vehicle.

[00121] In another example, UE 102 may be configured to receive an indication of the location of the vehicle carrying UE 102, for example, based on location information received from a network, e.g., via communications from eNB 104.

[00122] In some demonstrative embodiments, the geo-based transmission scheme may be implement one or more aspects of spectrum sharing. For example, the geo-based transmission scheme may be configured to reuse of spectrum resources at different geographical locations, e.g., as described below.

[00123] In some demonstrative embodiments, the geo-based transmission scheme, when applied for V2V communication, may allow improving packet reception performance, for example, by reducing an impact from in-band emission, a near-far problem, and/or co- channel interference. In some cases, the in-band emission effect may be one of the main limiting factors in vehicular deployments and, accordingly, it may be advantageous to utilize system level approaches to reduce a negative impact of the in-band emission effect.

[00124] In some demonstrative embodiments, implementing the geo-based transmission scheme may allow substantially reducing the effect of collisions, for example, such that a vehicle may transmit on orthogonal resources to improve interference conditions, e.g., at least at a certain range. [00125] In some demonstrative embodiments, implementation of geo-based transmission, for example, for V2V communication, may be supported by synchronous operation and/or a mechanism of mapping/association of spectrum resources with certain geographical regions/areas, e.g., as described below. [00126] In some demonstrative embodiments, elements of system 100, e.g., eNB 104, UE 102 and/or UE 106 may be configured according to an LTE based design, which may support synchronous operation for V2V communication.

[00127] In some demonstrative embodiments, vehicle location information may be known and/or broadcasted, for example, in V2X messages. [00128] In some demonstrative embodiments, common timing and location information may be available, any may be used, for example, to associate a geographical position with a subset of spectrum resources, for example, different time intervals, and/or time orthogonal transmission patterns or pools, e.g., as described below.

[00129] In some demonstrative embodiments, some degree of cross-layer interaction may be supported, for example, to allow a transmitter UE to select transmission resources according to instructions from one or more higher layers.

[00130] In some demonstrative embodiments, UE 102 and/or UE 106 may be configured to transmit one or more V2X transmissions according to a geographically-based (geo-based) resource allocation scheme, e.g., as described below. [00131] In some demonstrative embodiments, the geo-based V2X resource allocation scheme may be configured to map a plurality of sets of geo-based resources to a plurality of geographic areas, e.g., as described below.

[00132] In some demonstrative embodiments, eNB 104 may configure transmission resources associated with a geo-area including one or more UEs, e.g., UE 102 and/or UE 106, as described below.

[00133] In some demonstrative embodiments, a UE, e.g., UE 102 and/or UE 106, may be configured to determine the geo-area of the UE, e.g., based on location information, and to determine resources associated with the geo-area, e.g., as described below.

[00134] In some demonstrative embodiments, the UE, e.g., UE 102 and/or UE 106, may be configured to select time-frequency resources for a V2X transmission from the resources associated with the particular geo-area of the UE, e.g., as described below. [00135] In some demonstrative embodiments, eNB 104 may be configured to signal a plurality of orthogonal resource pools, which may be associated with a plurality of different geo-areas, for example, in accordance with a spatial isolation range, which may be, for example, targeted for a specific deployment scenario, e.g., as described below. [00136] In some demonstrative embodiments, eNB 104 may be configured to provide to a UE, e.g., UE 102 and/or UE 106, one or more predefined mapping rules to map location information of the UE to one or more time-frequency resources, e.g., as described below.

[00137] In some demonstrative embodiments, controller component 197 may be configured to determine one or more transmit resources, for example, based at least on a location of UE 102 and the geo-based resource allocation scheme; and ProSe component 163 may transmit one or more V2X transmissions over the transmit resources, e.g., as described below.

[00138] In some demonstrative embodiments, controller component 197 may be configured to determine a set of geo-based resources corresponding to a geographic area including the location of the UE 102, based on the geo-based V2X resource allocation scheme, and to select the one or more transmit resources from the set of geo-based resources corresponding to the geographic area including the location of UE 102, e.g., as described below.

[00139] In some demonstrative embodiments, controller component 192 may be configured to determine one or more transmit resources, for example, based at least on a location of UE 106 and the geo-based resource allocation scheme; and ProSe component 164 may transmit one or more V2X transmissions over the transmit resources, e.g., as described below.

[00140] In some demonstrative embodiments, controller component 192 may be configured to determine a set of geo-based resources corresponding to a geographic area including the location of the UE 106, based on the geo-based V2X resource allocation scheme, and to select the one or more transmit resources from the set of geo-based resources corresponding to the geographic area including the location of UE 106, e.g., as described below.

[00141] In some demonstrative embodiments, the set of geo-based resources corresponding to the geographic area of a UE may include a set of time-frequency resources, and the transmit resources, which may be used by the UE to transmit the V2X transmissions may include at least one time-frequency resource of the set of time-frequency resources, e.g., as described below.

[00142] In one example, the time-frequency resources may include, for example, time frequency sub-channels, slots, subframes, frames, blocks, and the like. [00143] In some demonstrative embodiments, eNB 104 may be configured to determine, define, and/or manage at least part of the geo-based V2X resource allocation scheme, e.g., as described below.

[00144] In some demonstrative embodiments, eNB 104 may be configured to generate, define, signal, indicate, and/or transmit to one or more elements of system 100, e.g., UEs 102 and/or 106, resource allocation information corresponding to the geo-based V2X resource allocation scheme, e.g., as described below.

[00145] In some demonstrative embodiments, controller component 182 may be configured to determine the geo-based V2X resource allocation scheme. For example, controller component 182 may be configured to determine a set of geo-based resources corresponding to a geographic area including a plurality of time-frequency resources to transmit one or more V2X ProSe transmissions in the geographic area, e.g., as described below.

[00146] In some demonstrative embodiments, D2N component 167 may be configured to transmit to a UE, e.g., UE 102 and/or UE 106, V2X resource allocation information corresponding to the geo-based V2X resource allocation scheme, e.g., as described below.

[00147] Some demonstrative embodiments are described herein with respect to a geo-based resource allocation scheme, e.g., a geo-based V2V resource allocations scheme, which may be configured to map resources for V2V communication, e.g., as described below. However, other embodiments may include a geo-based resource allocation scheme, which may be configured to map resources for any other additional or alternative type of vehicular communication, for example, any other type of V2X communication, and/or any other type of vehicular and/or non- vehicular communication.

[00148] In some demonstrative embodiments, the geo-based V2X resource allocation scheme may be configured in accordance with one or more resource mapping schemes, e.g., as described below, and/or one or more other additional or alternative schemes.

[00149] In some demonstrative embodiments, the geo-based V2X resource allocation scheme may be configured to map a plurality of sets of time-multiplexed frequency resources to a plurality of geographical areas, for example, such that the plurality of sets of time- multiplexed frequency resources include a set of frequency resources mapped to a plurality of different time resources, e.g., as described below. [00150] In some demonstrative embodiments, the geo-based V2X resource allocation scheme may be configured to map orthogonal in time spectrum resources to different geo regions (areas), e.g., as described below.

[00151] Fig. 3 is a schematic illustration of a geo-based time-based resource allocation scheme 300, in accordance with some demonstrative embodiments. For example, one or more elements of system 100 (Fig. 1), e.g., eNB 104 (Fig. 1) and/or UEs 102 and/or 106 (Fig. 1), may be configured to implement one or more functionalities, operations and/or communications according to time-based resource allocation scheme 300.

[00152] In some demonstrative embodiments, as shown in Fig. 3, time-based resource allocation scheme 300 may be configured to allocate a plurality of different time blocks to a plurality of geographic regions.

[00153] In some demonstrative embodiments, as shown in Fig. 3, according to a first time- based configuration 302 ("Reuse-3"), three time blocks may be allocated to three geographic regions. For example, a first geographic region 310 may be allocated with a frequency resources in a first time block 311, a second geographic region 312, e.g., adjacent to the geographic region 310, may be allocated with frequency resources in a second time block 313, and/or a third geographic region 314, e.g., adjacent to the geographic region 312, may be allocated with frequency resources in a third time block 315. For example, according to the time-based configuration 302, the frequency-time resources may be reused by another different set of geographic locations, e.g., repeated for each set of three adjacent geographic regions.

[00154] In some demonstrative embodiments, as shown in Fig. 3, according to a second time-based configuration 304 ("Reuse-9"), nine time blocks may be allocated to nine geographic regions. For example, the nine time blocks may be allocated to a sequence of nine respective adjacent geographic regions. In one example, each of geographic regions 310, 312 and/or 314 may be divided into three sub-regions, and each sub region may be allocated with the frequency resources in a respective time block. For example, according to the time-based configuration 304, the frequency-time resources may be reused by another different set of geographic locations, e.g., repeated for each set of nine adjacent geographic regions. [00155] Referring back to Fig. 1, in some demonstrative embodiments eNB 104, UE 102 and/or UE 106 may be configured to utilize a geo-based V2X resource allocation scheme, which may be configured to map a plurality of sets of time-frequency resources to a plurality of geographical areas and to a plurality of velocity-vectors, e.g., as described below.

[00156] In some demonstrative embodiments, the geo-based V2X resource allocation scheme may be configured to map at least four sets of time-frequency resources to at least two geographical areas and at least two velocity-vectors, e.g., as described below.

[00157] Fig. 4 is a schematic illustration of a geo-based time- frequency based resource allocation scheme 400, in accordance with some demonstrative embodiments. For example, one or more elements of system 100 (Fig. 1), e.g., eNB 104 (Fig. 1) and/or UEs 102 and/or 106 (Fig. 1), may be configured to implement one or more functionalities, operations and/or communications according to time-frequency based resource allocation scheme 400.

[00158] In some demonstrative embodiments, time-frequency based resource allocation scheme 400 may be configured to map time-frequency spectrum resources to a vehicle according to a geo position of the vehicle and a velocity- vector of the vehicle.

[00159] In some demonstrative embodiments, as shown in Fig. 4, the geo-based V2X resource allocation scheme 400 may be configured to map at least four sets of time-frequency resources to at least two geographical areas and at least two velocity- vectors, e.g., as described below.

[00160] In some demonstrative embodiments, as shown in Fig. 4, geo-based V2X resource allocation scheme 400 may be configured to map a first set of time-frequency resources 412 to a first geographical area 402 and a first velocity vector 403; a second set of time-frequency resources 416 to the first geographical area 402 and a second velocity vector 405; a third set of time-frequency resources 414 to a second geographical area 404 and the first velocity vector 403; and/or a fourth set of time-frequency resources 418 to the second geographical area 40 and the second velocity vector 405. For example, as shown in Fig. 4, the second velocity vector 405 may be opposite to the first velocity vector 403.

[00161] In some demonstrative embodiments, time-frequency based resource allocation scheme 400 may be configured to allow vehicles moving in opposite directions to use different spectrum resources, e.g. different resource pools. The utilization of different pools for opposite vehicle directions may result in an interference environment, which may be more stationary, within a resource pool and thus may be beneficial, for example, if sensing based resource allocation options are applied on top of the geo-based resource allocation. [00162] In some demonstrative embodiments, time-frequency based resource allocation scheme 400 may be configured to allow, for example, configuring spectrum resources for receiver processing, while taking into consideration larger Doppler spreads/shifts of vehicles moving in opposite directions. [00163] In some demonstrative embodiments, according to the time-frequency based resource allocation scheme 400, the frequency-time resources may be reused by another different set of geographic locations, e.g., repeated for each set of two adjacent geographic regions.

[00164] Referring back to Fig. 1, in some demonstrative embodiments, eNB 104, UE 102, and/or UE 106 may be configured to utilize a geo-based V2X resource allocation scheme, which is configured to map a same set of geo-based resources, which is mapped to a first geographical area, to a second geographical area, which is separated from the first geographical area by at least a spatial isolation range, e.g., as described below.

[00165] In some demonstrative embodiments, the spatial isolation range may be based on a V2X communication range, e.g., as described below.

[00166] In some demonstrative embodiments, the spatial isolation range may be at least twice the V2X communication range, e.g., as described below.

[00167] In some demonstrative embodiments, dimensions of a geo-area may be configured, for example, to improve and/or optimize reliability of packet reception from distant vehicles. [00168] In some demonstrative embodiments, the geo-based V2X resource allocation scheme may be configured to ensure an interference-free environment within a target V2V communication range. For example, if a length of a geo-area length is short and a spectrum reuse factor is large, then it may be possible to utilize a geo-based transmission scheme to ensure interference-free transmission within a target V2V communication range, e.g., as described below.

[00169] Fig. 5 is a schematic illustration of a geo-based resource allocation scheme 500, in accordance with some demonstrative embodiments. For example, one or more elements of system 100 (Fig. 1), e.g., eNB 104 (Fig. 1) and/or UEs 102 and/or 106 (Fig. 1), may be configured to implement one or more functionalities, operations and/or communications according to geo-based resource allocation scheme 500. [00170] In some demonstrative embodiments, as shown in Fig. 5, geo-based resource allocation scheme 500 may be configured according to a reuse-3 configuration, for example, to map frequency resources in three time blocks to three respective geo areas 510, 512 and 514, e.g., as described above with reference to Fig. 3. [00171] In some demonstrative embodiments, as shown in Fig. 5, a resource pool may be assigned to a geo area, for example, repeated every three time blocks. For example, as shown in Fig. 5, a resource pool 520 may be assigned to the geo area 512, and may be repeated every three time blocks.

[00172] In some demonstrative embodiments, as shown in Fig. 5, a resource pool assigned to a geo area may include a plurality of time-frequency resources, which may be mapped to a respective plurality of geographic sub-areas within the geo area.

[00173] For example, as shown in Fig. 5, the resource pool 520 may include a plurality of time-frequency spectrum resource blocks, which may be assigned to a plurality of road subsections in geo area 512. [00174] For example, as shown in Fig. 5, a first vehicle in a geo-sub-area 521 within geo area 512 may be assigned with a time-frequency spectrum resource block 531, e.g., based on a combination of a horizontal location and a vertical location of the geo-sub-area 521 ; and/or a second vehicle in a geo-sub-area 523 within geo area 512 may be assigned with a time- frequency spectrum resource block 533, e.g., based on a combination of a horizontal location and a vertical location of the geo-sub-area 523.

[00175] In some demonstrative embodiments, the same resource pool 520, which is assigned to geo area 512, may be assigned to another geo area, which may be, for example, separated from geo area 512 by at least a spatial isolation range, e.g., as described below.

[00176] Fig. 6 is a schematic illustration of a spatial isolation range corresponding to a geo- based resource allocation scheme, in accordance with some demonstrative embodiments.

[00177] In some demonstrative embodiments, a spatial isolation range, denoted Rsi, may be set between two geo-areas utilizing the same set of spectrum resources for transmission.

[00178] In some demonstrative embodiments, as shown in Fig. 6, a resource pool may be allocated to a geo area 612. As shown in Fig. 6, a nearest geo-area 622, which may be allowed to utilize the same spectrum resources of resource poll assigned to geo area 612, may be separated from geo area 612 at least by a V2V spatial isolation range 602. [00179] In some demonstrative embodiments, as shown in Fig. 6, according to a fixed V2V target communication range case, a vehicle in geo area 612 may have a V2V target communication range 632, denoted R _T , and/or a vehicle in geo area 622 may have a V2V target communication range 633, e.g., the same range R _T . [00180] In some demonstrative embodiments, the V2V spatial isolation range 602 may be configured to be at least twice of the target communication range, e.g., Rsi≥ 2R _T , for example, to avoid a half-duplex effect at the target V2V communication range and/or to reduce co-channel interference.

[00181] In one example, for example, according to a freeway deployment scenario, a V2V target communication range may be Rr=320m. According to this example, the V2V spatial isolation range 602 may be set to Rsi≥ 640m.

[00182] In some demonstrative embodiments, a larger spatial isolation range may be considered, for example, to further reduce co-channel interference between geo-areas reusing the same set of spectrum resources. [00183] In some demonstrative embodiments, the spatial isolation range and/or the amount and/or size of geo-areas, which are to utilize different spectrum resources, may be selected, defined, and/or configured, for example, based on one or more V2V system performance attributes.

[00184] In some demonstrative embodiments, for a given spatial isolation range, increasing a spatial reuse factor, e.g., by increasing a number of geo-areas and/or reducing the size of the geo-areas, may enable to orthogonalize transmissions of all vehicles within the target communication range, for example, using a sufficient amount and/or granularity of time and/or frequency resources.

[00185] In some demonstrative embodiments, accurate knowledge of vehicle geo- coordinates may allow to efficiently and/or accurately assign time-frequency resources to a vehicle. However, even if the accurate coordinates of the vehicle are not known, the geo- based transmission scheme may still provide performance benefits.

[00186] Referring back to Fig. 1, in some demonstrative embodiments eNB 104, UE 102 and/or UE 106 may be configured to utilize a geo-based V2X resource allocation scheme, which may be configured to support coarse location estimation of a location of UEs 102 and/or 106, e.g., as described below. [00187] For example, UE 102 may be configured to utilize coarse location information and/or measurements to detect a coarse geographical location of UE 102, for example, within a large geographical area, e.g., at an accuracy of about 150m.

[00188] In some demonstrative embodiments, the geo-based V2X resource allocation scheme may include a plurality of spectrum resources mapped to a plurality of large-size geo- areas, e.g., geo-areas having a length of at least 150m, or any other size.

[00189] In some demonstrative embodiments, a UE, e.g., UE 102, may be able to roughly detect its own location and may be capable to determine whether the UE is within a large- size geo-area, e.g., a geo-are having a length of at least 150m, which may be associated with a set of spectrum resources.

[00190] In some demonstrative embodiments, the geo-based V2X resource allocation scheme may include a relatively small number of spatially isolated geo-areas, for example, three geo-areas, four geo-areas, or any other number of geo areas, which may support a coarse geo-knowledge scenario, for example, while achieving good radio isolation range between geographically separated vehicles moving on the same road.

[00191] In some demonstrative embodiments, the geo-based V2X resource allocation scheme may be configured to a geo- area with a relatively large set of spectrum resources, for example, to support a relatively large number of vehicles, which may be within the relatively large geo-area. [00192] In some demonstrative embodiments, the geo-based V2X resource allocation scheme may utilize a sidelink resource pool configuration, for example, to support resource allocation options based on Time Division Multiplexing (TDM) between Physical Sidelink Control Channel (PSCCH) and Physical Sidelink Shared Channel (PSSCH), and/or same subframe Frequency Division Multiplexing (FDM) between PSCCH and PSSCH. In other embodiments, any other additional or alternative resource allocation mechanism may be implemented to allocate resources within the spectrum resources assigned to the geo-area.

[00193] Fig. 7 is a schematic illustration of a coarse geo-based resource allocation scheme 700, in accordance with some demonstrative embodiments.

[00194] In some demonstrative embodiments, as shown in Fig. 7, a spatial isolation range, e.g., of 600m or any other range, may be divided into four coarse geo-areas 702, 704, 706 and 708, e.g., having a length of about 150m, or any other length. [00195] In some demonstrative embodiments, as shown in Fig. 7, four different resource pools may be allocated for the four coarse geo-areas 702, 704, 706 and 708, e.g., using a resource allocation scheme as described above.

[00196] In some demonstrative embodiments, as shown in Fig. 7, according to a TDM resource configuration 720 the PSCCH and PSSCH resources within a resource pool may be multiplexed in time.

[00197] In some demonstrative embodiments, as shown in Fig. 7, according to an FDM resource configuration 740 the PSCCH and PSSCH resources within a resource pool may be multiplexed in frequency. [00198] In some demonstrative embodiments, a resource pool structure may be defined to support the coarse geo-based resource allocation scheme, for example, by resource pool configuration signaling, e.g., as described below

[00199] In some demonstrative embodiments, according to one implementation option, different geo-areas may be assigned with different resources pools. For example, the four different geo areas 702, 704, 706 and 708 may be assigned with different resource pools. According to this example, resource pool signaling may be configured to accommodate, for example, about 4 orthogonal resource pools. In one example, a stacked resource pool configuration may be supported, for example, by adjusting signaling constraints.

[00200] In some demonstrative embodiments, according to another implementation option, different geo-areas may be assigned with different sets of PSCCH resource indexes, Time Resource Patterns (T-RPTs), and/or time offsets inside one pool. For example, several geo- zones may share one resource pool but be time and frequency orthogonalized on a Sidelink Control Information (SCI) level and/or a T-RPT level, for example, by configuring a restricted set of PSCCH resource indexes and/or T-RPTs, e.g., for each geo-area. [00201] In some demonstrative embodiments, the geo-based V2X resource allocation scheme may utilize two or more sets of geo-based resources sharing a same set of time- frequency resources. For example, the two or more sets of geo-based resources may include two or more respective orthogonal sets of Time Resource Patterns (T-RPTs). In one example, orthogonal sets of T-RPTs may be assigned to different geo-areas. [00202] In some demonstrative embodiments, according to another implementation option, geo-zones may be associated with Road Side Units (RSUs). For example, a plurality of RSUs may be distributed along a road, e.g., with the required granularity in space, to allow providing to vehicles information for geo-based resource association. In one example, orthogonal time resources may be associated with an RSU.

[00203] In some demonstrative embodiments, a set of time resources may be associated with an RSU. For example, the RSU may assign spectrum resources, e.g., including at least one set of time resources, to a geo area. The RSU may signal a beacon or other signals to indicate its presence and the spectrum resources, which are associated with the RSU. A UE, e.g., UE 102, may detect the beacons from one or more RSUs. For example, the UE may select an RSU with the maximum beacon received power, and/or based on any other selection criterion. By selecting the RSU, the UE may select the associated resources for transmission. [00204] In some demonstrative embodiments, cross-layer interaction may be utilized, for example, to obtain geo-location and/or map into the resources. For example, when using a coarse geo-based resource allocation scheme, transmissions of vehicles that belong to one geo-zone may be associated with a predefined set of resources, e.g., a resource pool or an SCI period. In one example, the vehicles that belong to one geo-zone may be configured to randomize their transmission within the set of spectrum resources, for example, by randomly selecting frequency sub-channels, and/or time resource patterns of transmission index (ITRP). In another example, selection of the resources within geo-areas may be based on processing information relating to relative geo-coordinates of neighboring vehicles, for example, to avoid collision in resource selection following the geo-based transmission scheduling based prediction/awareness of the geo-coordinates of neighbor vehicles. In other embodiments, any other additional or alternative selection criteria may be used.

[00205] Referring back to Fig. 1, in some demonstrative embodiments eNB 104, UE 102 and/or UE 106 may be configured to utilize a geo-based V2X resource allocation scheme, which may be configured to support fine location estimation of a location of UEs 102 and/or 106, e.g., as described below.

[00206] For example, UE 106 may be configured to utilize fine location information and/or measurements to detect a fine geographical location of UE 106, for example, within a small geographical area, e.g., at the accuracy of about 10m or less.

[00207] In some demonstrative embodiments, fine geo-knowledge of a location of a vehicle carrying a UE may be provided, for example, by the UE or the network, which may be able to determine the location of the vehicle with high accuracy, e.g., by having an ability to detect a road lane, and/or one or more coordinates, for example, with an accuracy of 10m or less, or any other level of accuracy.

[00208] In some demonstrative embodiments, the knowledge of the location of a vehicle with a fine level of accuracy may be utilized to provide a paradigm for resource allocation, which may be configured to assign resources, e.g., in a quasi-optimal manner, for example, based on location information.

[00209] In some demonstrative embodiments, a fine geo-based V2X resource allocation scheme may be configured to allow fine assignment of the resources in an autonomous manner, for example, at a UE level, e.g., as described below. [00210] In some demonstrative embodiments, a fine geo-based V2X resource allocation scheme may be configured to allow fine assignment of the resources in a network-controlled manner, for example, at eNB 104 and/or at any other network component, e.g., as described below.

[00211] In some demonstrative embodiments, a geo-based V2X resource allocation scheme may include a coarse mapping of a plurality of sets of time-frequency resources to a plurality of coarse-mapping geographical areas, and a fine mapping of a set of time-frequency resources of a coarse-mapping geographical area to a plurality of fine-mapping geographical areas within the coarse-mapping geographical area, e.g., as described below.

[00212] In some demonstrative embodiments, the geo-based V2X resource allocation scheme may be configured to map a time resource to a fine-mapping geographical area based on a first axis coordinate corresponding to the fine-mapping geographical area, and to map a frequency resource to the fine-mapping geographical area based on a second axis coordinate corresponding to the fine-mapping geographical area, e.g., as described below.

[00213] In one example, the first and second coordinates may include first and second coordinates of first and second respective axes of a Cartesian coordinate system. In other embodiments, the first and second coordinates may include coordinates represented with respect to any other coordinate system.

[00214] In some demonstrative embodiments, controller 197 may be configured to select a set of time-frequency resources based on a coarse location of the UE 102, and to select a time-frequency resource from the set of time-frequency resources based on a fine location of the UE 102, e.g., as described below. [00215] Fig. 8 is a schematic illustration of a fine-mapping geo-based resource allocation scheme 800, in accordance with some demonstrative embodiments. For example, one or more elements of system 100 (Fig. 1), e.g., eNB 104 (Fig. 1) and/or UEs 102 and/or 106 (Fig. 1), may be configured to implement one or more functionalities, operations and/or communications according to geo-based resource allocation scheme 800.

[00216] In some demonstrative embodiments, as shown in Fig. 8, a fine-mapping resource pool 820 may be assigned to a coarse-mapping geographical area 810.

[00217] In some demonstrative embodiments, the fine-mapping resource pool 820 may be configured to support fine-mapping resource allocation, for example, based on fine geo- knowledge, e.g., for collision avoidance.

[00218] In some demonstrative embodiments, the same fine-mapping resource pool 820, which is assigned to coarse-mapping geographical area 810, may be assigned to another coarse-mapping geographical area 810, which may be, for example, separated from coarse- mapping geographical area 810 by at least a spatial isolation range, e.g., as described above. [00219] In some demonstrative embodiments, as shown in Fig. 8, the fine-mapping resource pool 820 may include a plurality of time-frequency resources, e.g., in the form of time- frequency spectrum resource blocks 829, which may be mapped to a respective plurality of fine-mapping geographical areas (geographic sub-areas) 819, e.g., road segments or subsections, within the coarse-mapping geographical area 810. [00220] In some demonstrative embodiments, as shown in Fig. 8, a time resource may be mapped to a fine-mapping geographical area 819 based on a first axis coordinate corresponding to the fine-mapping geographical area, and a frequency resource may be mapped to the fine-mapping geographical area 892, for example, based on a second axis coordinate corresponding to the fine-mapping geographical area 829. [00221] In some demonstrative embodiments, controller component 197 ((Fig. 1) may be configured to select a time-frequency resource from the resource pool 820 to be utilized by UE 102 for a V2X transmission, for example, based on a fine-granularity location-based criterion, e.g., as follows: ni = floor(X_coordinate / Ah) modulo Ντ, nj = floor(Y_coordinate / AW) modulo NF (1) wherein Ντ denotes a number of orthogonal time resources in a geo-area of UE 102; wherein N _F denotes a number of orthogonal frequency resources in the geo-area; wherein AL denotes an x coordinate granularity along an x-axis of a Cartesian coordinate system to assign time resources; wherein AW denotes a y coordinate granularity along a y-axis of the Cartesian coordinate system to assign frequency resources, e.g., measured meters, lanes and/or any other measurement unit; wherein m denotes a subframe index for transmission inside a geo TDM resource set; and wherein nj denotes a frequency resource index for transmission inside the geo TDM resource set.

[00222] For example, as shown in Fig. 8, a first vehicle within a fine-mapping geographical area 821 may be assigned with a set of time-frequency resources 831 including, for example, a combination of time resources, e.g., based on a horizontal location of the fine-mapping geographical area 821, and frequency resources, e.g., based on a vertical location of the fine- mapping geographical area 821.

[00223] For example, as shown in Fig. 8, a second vehicle within a fine-mapping geographical area 823 may be assigned with a set of time-frequency resources 833 including, for example, a combination of time resources, e.g., based on a horizontal location of the fine- mapping geographical area 823, and frequency resources, e.g., based on a vertical location of the fine-mapping geographical area 823.

[00224] In some demonstrative embodiments, the fine-mapping geo-based resource allocation scheme 800 may be configured, for example, to utilize the relatively accurate knowledge of the coordinates of a vehicle, in combination with additional data of an environment of the vehicle, e.g., within coarse-mapping geographical area 810.

[00225] For example, the relatively accurate knowledge of the coordinates of a vehicle may be combined with knowledge of information, e.g., coordinates, velocity and the like, of one or more neighborhood vehicles, for example, to provide intelligent quasi-orthogonal resource selection, e.g., as described below.

[00226] In some demonstrative embodiments, a geo-based packing, e.g., an efficient improved, or even ideal geo-based packing, may be applied for spectrum resource-selection. The geo-packing may associate time-frequency resources with vehicle position, for example, even with a smallest granularity as possible. The association of vehicle position with resources, or vice-versa, may be performed in a distributed manner, or may be controlled, e.g., by a network and/or an eNB, e.g., eNB 104 (Fig. 1). For example, the geo-based resource allocation techniques described herein may provide robust operation, for example, while ensuring a large spatial isolation range.

[00227] Referring back to Fig. 1, in some demonstrative embodiments, elements of system 100 may be configured to implement a distributed geo-packing scheme, e.g., by UEs 102 and/or 106, and/or eNB 104, for example, to support a coarse geo-based selection and/or a fine geo-based selection at a UE of resources to be used by the UE, e.g., US 102 and/or UE 106.

[00228] In some demonstrative embodiments, UE 102 may be configured to determine coordinates of a location of UE 102, for example, using a global navigation satellite system (GNSS) technology, and/or any other location detection technologies.

[00229] In some demonstrative embodiments, UE 102 may be configured to acquire a geo- based mapping, e.g., a semi-static mapping, of coordinates to time-frequency resources, e.g., as described below.

[00230] In some demonstrative embodiments, the geo-based mapping may be configured by eNB 104 and/or by an application layer. For example, controller 182 may be configured to semi- statically configure a geo-based mapping between geographical coordinates and associated time-frequency resources, for example, according to a geo-based time-frequency based resource allocation scheme, e.g., as described above.

[00231] In some demonstrative embodiments, controller 182 may be configured to determine a geo-area, for example, with relatively large granularity, e.g., of several tens of meters or any other granularity, e.g., as described above.

[00232] In some demonstrative embodiments, controller 182 may be configured to configure a coarse mapping between a large geo-area and a set of resources, for example, in a semi- static manner, e.g., as described above with reference to Fig. 7. [00233] In some demonstrative embodiments, controller 182 may be configured to configure a fine mapping of time-frequency resources to a plurality of fine-mapped locations in a geo- area, e.g., as described above with reference to Fig. 8.

[00234] In some demonstrative embodiments, the fine mapping of time-frequency resources to locations within a coarse geo area may be performed independently, and may be identical for different adjacent coarse geo-areas, e.g., as described above. [00235] In some demonstrative embodiments, a lane number may be mapped to a frequency resource and a coordinate on the road lane position, e.g., within a certain geo area, may be mapped to a subframe, e.g., as described above with reference to Fig. 8.

[00236] In some demonstrative embodiments, controller component 182 may be configured to trigger D2N component 167 to send to one or more UEs, e.g., to UE 102 and/or UE 106, V2X resource allocation information corresponding to the geo-based V2X resource allocation scheme.

[00237] In some demonstrative embodiments, controller component 182 may be configured to trigger D2N component 167 to send to UE 102 a set of time-frequency resources corresponding to the geo-location of UE 102.

[00238] In some demonstrative embodiments, at least part of the geo-based mapping may be configured by a UE, e.g., in a distributed and/or autonomous manner, as described below.

[00239] In some demonstrative embodiments, controller component 197 may be configured to determine a fine resource allocation to be used by UE 102 for transmitting a V2X transmission, for example, based on a coarse mapping scheme provided by eNB 104, e.g., as described below.

[00240] In some demonstrative embodiments, a coarse mapping between a large geo-area and a set of resources may be semi-statically configured, for example, by controller component 182 of eNB 104, e.g., as described above. [00241] In some demonstrative embodiments, controller component 197 may be configured to select for UE 102 time-frequency resources from the set of resources configured for the coarse geo-are in which UE 102 may be located.

[00242] In some demonstrative embodiments, controller component 197 may be configured to select for UE 102 time-frequency resources with the least congestion level, e.g., based on a minimum sensed received power, and/or based on any other selection criteria.

[00243] In some demonstrative embodiments, controller component 197 may be configured to select a time-frequency resource, for example, according to the provided semi-static mapping, e.g., as described above.

[00244] In some demonstrative embodiments, controller component 197 may be configured to select a time-frequency resource from a set of time-frequency resources, for example, if the set of time-frequency resources is configured for a geo-location of UE 102. [00245] In some demonstrative embodiments, controller component 197 may be configured to randomly select the time-frequency resource from the set of time-frequency resources, for example, to allow orthogonalizing vehicles, which may be very close to each other, and which are provided by the same geo-location according to a the granularity of the geo- mapping. In other embodiments, controller component 197 may be configured to select the time-frequency resource from the set of time-frequency resources in a non-random manner, e.g., based on one or more criteria, as described below.

[00246] In some demonstrative embodiments, controller component 197 may be configured to determine time-frequency resources for transmission by UE 102, for example, based on information corresponding to neighbor vehicles inside the same geo-area as UE 102, for example, location information and/or speed of one or more neighbor vehicles, e.g., as described below.

[00247] In some demonstrative embodiments, resource orthogonalization between resources utilized a vehicle and resources utilized by nearby vehicles may be achieved, for example, by configuring the vehicle to sense and process messages from the other vehicles.

[00248] In some demonstrative embodiments, controller component 197 may be configured to discover the speed and geo-coordinates of one or more neighborhood vehicles, e.g., UE 106. For example, controller component 197 may be configured to analyze the trajectory of the one or more neighborhood vehicles, and to utilize this information to estimate a transmission resource that will be selected by the nearby UEs within an allocated set of spectrum resources according to the geographical mapping/association rule between geo- coordinates and spectrum resources.

[00249] In some demonstrative embodiments, controller component 197 may be configured to select another unoccupied resource, for example, in case a collision is predicted with one or more other vehicles. For example, if all resources are occupied, controller component 197 may be configured to randomize a selection of resources for the transmission. These resource selection criteria may enable, for example, collision-free resource selection within a certain spatial isolation range, and/or may be used for ideal geo-packing of vehicle transmission.

[00250] In some demonstrative embodiments, controller component 197 may be configured to select a time-frequency resource to be utilized by UE 102 for a V2X transmission, for example, based on a fine-granularity location-based criterion, e.g., as discussed above with reference to Fig. 8. [00251] In some demonstrative embodiments, controller component 197 may be configured to select a time-frequency resource to be utilized by UE 102 for a V2X transmission, for example, based on information from one or more other UEs within a same geo-area as UE 102, e.g., as described below. [00252] In some demonstrative embodiments, a vehicle may know geo-area identity of a geo-are including the vehicle, and may transmit this identity along with its location information, for example, as part of a V2V message. For example, controller component 192 may trigger ProSe component 164 to transmit one or more V2V messages including an indication of a location of UE 106. [00253] In some demonstrative embodiments, a vehicle may detect positions of one or more other, e.g., even most other, vehicles inside the geo-area. For example, controller component 197 may detect a location of UE 106, for example, based on one or more messages transmitted by UE 106.

[00254] In some demonstrative embodiments, controller component 197 may be configured to select time-frequency resources for UE 102 from the set of time-frequency resources assigned to the geo-area of UE 102, for example, based on the position and/or velocity of UE 106 and/or one or more other UEs in the geo area.

[00255] In some demonstrative embodiments, a vehicle may virtually pack all vehicles into available resources of the geo area, for example, in order to find an optimal resource for the vehicle. Since all the vehicles may do perform a same procedure using same data, the vehicles within the same geo area may select orthogonal resources, e.g., if the number of resources is equal to or greater than the number of vehicles.

[00256] Fig. 9 is a schematic flow-chart illustration of a method of vehicular UE communication, in accordance with some demonstrative embodiments. In some embodiments, one or more of the operations of the method of Fig. 9 may be performed by one or more components of a UE, e.g., UE 102 (Fig. 1) and/or UE 106 (Fig. 1).

[00257] As indicated at bock 902, the method may include determining a set of geo-based resources corresponding to a geographic area including a location of the UE, based on a geo- based V2X resource allocation scheme, which is to map a plurality of sets of geo-based resources to a plurality of geographic areas. For example, controller component 197 (Fig. 1) may determine a set of geo-based resources corresponding to a geographic area of UE 102 (Fig. 1), for example, based on a geo-based V2X resource allocation scheme, e.g., as described above.

[00258] As indicated at bock 904, the method may include selecting one or more transmit resources from the set of geo-based resources corresponding to the geographic area. For example, controller component 197 (Fig. 1) may select one or more transmit resources from the set of geo-based resources corresponding to the geographic area of UE 102 (Fig. 1), e.g., as described above.

[00259] As indicated at bock 906, the method may include transmitting one or more V2X ProSe transmissions over the transmit resources. For example, controller component 197 (Fig. 1) may trigger ProSe component 163 to transit one or more V2X transmissions over the transmit resources selected according to the geo-based V2X resource allocation scheme, e.g., as described above.

[00260] Fig. 10 is a schematic flow-chart illustration of a method of resource allocation for vehicular UE communication, in accordance with some demonstrative embodiments. In some embodiments, one or more of the operations of the method of Fig. 10 may be performed by one or more components of a cellular manager, e.g., eNB 104 (Fig. 1).

[00261] As indicated at block 1002, the method may include determining a geo-based V2X resource allocation scheme, which is to map a plurality of sets of geo-based resources to a plurality of geographic areas. For example, a set of geo-based resources corresponding to a geographic area may include a plurality of time-frequency resources to transmit one or more V2X ProSe transmissions in the geographic area. For example, controller component 182 (Fig. 1) may include a geo-based V2X resource allocation scheme for V2X ProSe transmissions by UEs 102 and/or 106 (Fig. 1), e.g., as described above.

[00262] As indicated at block 1004, the method may include transmitting, to a UE, V2X resource allocation information corresponding to the geo-based V2X resource allocation scheme. For example, controller component 182 (Fig. 1) may trigger D2N component 167 (Fig. 1) to transmit to UE 102 (Fig. 1) V2X resource allocation information corresponding to the geo-based V2X resource allocation scheme, e.g., as described above.

[00263] Reference is made to Fig. 11, which schematically illustrates a product of manufacture 1100, in accordance with some demonstrative embodiments. Product 1100 may include one or more tangible computer-readable non-transitory storage media 1102, which may include computer-executable instructions, e.g., implemented by logic 1104, operable to, when executed by at least one computer processor, enable the at least one computer processor to implement one or more operations at a cellular manager, for example, an eNB, e.g., eNB 104 (Fig. 1); one or more components of a UE, e.g., UE 102 (Fig. 1), UE 106 (Fig. 1), and/or UE 200 (Fig. 2); a controller, e.g., controller 182 (Fig. 1), controller 197 (Fig. 1), and/or controller 192 (Fig. 1); and/or a message processor, e.g., message processor 144 (Fig. 1), message processor 198 (Fig. 1), and/or message processor 196 (Fig. 1), and/or to perform, trigger and/or implement one or more operations, communications and/or functionalities as described above with reference to Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and/or 10, and/or one or more operations described herein. The phrase "non-transitory machine-readable medium" is directed to include all computer-readable media, with the sole exception being a transitory propagating signal.

[00264] In some demonstrative embodiments, product 1100 and/or storage media 1102 may include one or more types of computer-readable storage media capable of storing data, including volatile memory, non-volatile memory, removable or non-removable memory, erasable or non-erasable memory, writeable or re-writeable memory, and the like. For example, storage media 1102 may include, RAM, DRAM, Double-Data-Rate DRAM (DDR- DRAM), SDRAM, static RAM (SRAM), ROM, programmable ROM (PROM), erasable programmable ROM (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), Compact Disk ROM (CD-ROM), Compact Disk Recordable (CD-R), Compact Disk Rewriteable (CD-RW), flash memory (e.g., NOR or NAND flash memory), content addressable memory (CAM), polymer memory, phase-change memory, ferroelectric memory, silicon-oxide-nitride-oxide- silicon (SONOS) memory, a disk, a floppy disk, a hard drive, an optical disk, a magnetic disk, a card, a magnetic card, an optical card, a tape, a cassette, and the like. The computer-readable storage media may include any suitable media involved with downloading or transferring a computer program from a remote computer to a requesting computer carried by data signals embodied in a carrier wave or other propagation medium through a communication link, e.g., a modem, radio or network connection.

[00265] In some demonstrative embodiments, logic 1104 may include instructions, data, and/or code, which, if executed by a machine, may cause the machine to perform a method, process and/or operations as described herein. The machine may include, for example, any suitable processing platform, computing platform, computing device, processing device, computing system, processing system, computer, processor, or the like, and may be implemented using any suitable combination of hardware, software, firmware, and the like. [00266] In some demonstrative embodiments, logic 1104 may include, or may be implemented as, software, a software module, an application, a program, a subroutine, instructions, an instruction set, computing code, words, values, symbols, and the like. The instructions may include any suitable type of code, such as source code, compiled code, interpreted code, executable code, static code, dynamic code, and the like. The instructions may be implemented according to a predefined computer language, manner or syntax, for instructing a processor to perform a certain function. The instructions may be implemented using any suitable high-level, low-level, object-oriented, visual, compiled and/or interpreted programming language, such as C, C++, Java, BASIC, Matlab, Pascal, Visual BASIC, assembly language, machine code, and the like.

EXAMPLES

[00267] The following examples pertain to further embodiments.

[00268] Example 1 includes an apparatus of a User Equipment (UE), the apparatus comprising a Device to Network (D2N) component to interface with an evolved Node B (eNB); a controller component configured to determine a set of geographically-based (geo- based) resources corresponding to a geographic area comprising a location of the UE, based on a geo-based Vehicle to everything (V2X) resource allocation scheme, which is to map a plurality of sets of geo-based resources to a plurality of geographic areas, the controller component to select one or more transmit resources from the set of geo-based resources corresponding to the geographic area; and a Proximity-based Services (ProSe) component to transmit one or more V2X transmissions over the transmit resources.

[00269] Example 2 includes the subject matter of Example 1, and optionally, wherein the geo-based V2X resource allocation scheme is to map a same set of geo-based resources, which is mapped to a first geographical area, to a second geographical area, which is separated from the first geographical area by at least a spatial isolation range, the spatial isolation range is based on a V2X communication range.

[00270] Example 3 includes the subject matter of Example 2, and optionally, wherein the spatial isolation range is at least twice the V2X communication range.

[00271] Example 4 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 1-3, and optionally, wherein the geo-based V2X resource allocation scheme is to map a plurality of sets of time- multiplexed frequency resources to the plurality of geographical areas, the plurality of sets of time-multiplexed frequency resources comprising a set of frequency resources mapped to a plurality of different time resources.

[00272] Example 5 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 1-4, and optionally, wherein the geo-based V2X resource allocation scheme is to map a plurality of sets of time- frequency resources to the plurality of geographical areas and to a plurality of velocity- vectors.

[00273] Example 6 includes the subject matter of Example 5, and optionally, wherein the geo-based V2X resource allocation scheme is to map at least four sets of time-frequency resources to at least two geographical areas and at least two velocity- vectors. [00274] Example 7 includes the subject matter of Example 5 or 6, and optionally, wherein the geo-based V2X resource allocation scheme is to map a first set of time-frequency resources to a first geographical area and a first velocity vector, a second set of time- frequency resources to the first geographical area and a second velocity vector, a third set of time-frequency resources to a second geographical area and the first velocity vector, and a fourth set of time-frequency resources to the second geographical area and the second velocity vector.

[00275] Example 8 includes the subject matter of Example 7, and optionally, wherein the second velocity vector is opposite to the first velocity vector.

[00276] Example 9 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 1-8, and optionally, wherein the plurality of sets of geo-based resources comprise two or more sets of geo-based resources sharing a same set of time-frequency resources, the two or more sets of geo-based resources comprising two or more respective orthogonal sets of Time Resource Patterns (T- RPTs).

[00277] Example 10 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 1-9, and optionally, wherein the plurality of sets of geo-based resources comprises at least one set of time resources assigned by a Road Side Unit (RSU).

[00278] Example 11 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 1-10, and optionally, wherein the geo-based V2X resource allocation scheme comprises a coarse mapping of a plurality of sets of time-frequency resources to a plurality of coarse-mapping geographical areas, and a fine mapping of a set of time-frequency resources of a coarse- mapping geographical area to a plurality of fine-mapping geographical areas within the coarse-mapping geographical area. [00279] Example 12 includes the subject matter of Example 11, and optionally, wherein the geo-based V2X resource allocation scheme is to map a time resource to a fine-mapping geographical area based on a first axis coordinate corresponding to the fine-mapping geographical area, and to map a frequency resource to the fine-mapping geographical area based on a second axis coordinate corresponding to the fine-mapping geographical area.

[00280] Example 13 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 1-12, and optionally, wherein the controller component is to select a set of time-frequency resources based on a coarse location of the UE, and to select a time-frequency resource from the set of time-frequency resources based on a fine location of the UE. [00281] Example 14 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 1-13, and optionally, wherein the set of geo-based resources corresponding to the geographic area comprises a set of time-frequency resources, the transmit resources comprising at least one time-frequency resource of the set of time-frequency resources.

[00282] Example 15 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 1-14, and optionally, wherein the D2N component is to receive from the eNB V2X resource allocation information to map the plurality of sets of geo-based resources to the plurality of geographic areas.

[00283] Example 16 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 1-15, and optionally, wherein the controller component is to select the transmit resources based on at least one of a location or a speed of another UE.

[00284] Example 17 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 1-16, and optionally, comprising one or more antennas, a memory, and a processor.

[00285] Example 18 includes a system of cellular communication comprising a User Equipment (UE), the UE comprising one or more antennas; a memory; a processor; a Device to Network (D2N) component to interface with an evolved Node B (eNB); a controller component configured to determine a set of geographically-based (geo-based) resources corresponding to a geographic area comprising a location of the UE, based on a geo-based Vehicle to everything (V2X) resource allocation scheme, which is to map a plurality of sets of geo-based resources to a plurality of geographic areas, the controller component to select one or more transmit resources from the set of geo-based resources corresponding to the geographic area; and a Proximity-based Services (ProSe) component to transmit one or more V2X transmissions over the transmit resources. [00286] Example 19 includes the subject matter of Example 18, and optionally, wherein the geo-based V2X resource allocation scheme is to map a same set of geo-based resources, which is mapped to a first geographical area, to a second geographical area, which is separated from the first geographical area by at least a spatial isolation range, the spatial isolation range is based on a V2X communication range.

[00287] Example 20 includes the subject matter of Example 19, and optionally, wherein the spatial isolation range is at least twice the V2X communication range.

[00288] Example 21 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 18-20, and optionally, wherein the geo-based V2X resource allocation scheme is to map a plurality of sets of time-multiplexed frequency resources to the plurality of geographical areas, the plurality of sets of time-multiplexed frequency resources comprising a set of frequency resources mapped to a plurality of different time resources.

[00289] Example 22 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 18-21, and optionally, wherein the geo-based V2X resource allocation scheme is to map a plurality of sets of time-frequency resources to the plurality of geographical areas and to a plurality of velocity- vectors.

[00290] Example 23 includes the subject matter of Example 22, and optionally, wherein the geo-based V2X resource allocation scheme is to map at least four sets of time-frequency resources to at least two geographical areas and at least two velocity- vectors. [00291] Example 24 includes the subject matter of Example 22 or 23, and optionally, wherein the geo-based V2X resource allocation scheme is to map a first set of time-frequency resources to a first geographical area and a first velocity vector, a second set of time- frequency resources to the first geographical area and a second velocity vector, a third set of time-frequency resources to a second geographical area and the first velocity vector, and a fourth set of time-frequency resources to the second geographical area and the second velocity vector.

[00292] Example 25 includes the subject matter of Example 24, and optionally, wherein the second velocity vector is opposite to the first velocity vector.

[00293] Example 26 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 18-25, and optionally, wherein the plurality of sets geo-based resources comprise two or more sets of geo-based resources sharing a same set of time-frequency resources, the two or more sets of geo-based resources comprising two or more respective orthogonal sets of Time Resource Patterns (T-RPTs).

[00294] Example 27 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 18-26, and optionally, wherein the plurality of sets of geo-based resources comprises at least one set of time resources assigned by a Road Side Unit (RSU).

[00295] Example 28 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 18-27, and optionally, wherein the geo-based V2X resource allocation scheme comprises a coarse mapping of a plurality of sets of time-frequency resources to a plurality of coarse-mapping geographical areas, and a fine mapping of a set of time-frequency resources of a coarse- mapping geographical area to a plurality of fine-mapping geographical areas within the coarse-mapping geographical area.

[00296] Example 29 includes the subject matter of Example 28, and optionally, wherein the geo-based V2X resource allocation scheme is to map a time resource to a fine-mapping geographical area based on a first axis coordinate corresponding to the fine-mapping geographical area, and to map a frequency resource to the fine-mapping geographical area based on a second axis coordinate corresponding to the fine-mapping geographical area.

[00297] Example 30 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 18-29, and optionally, wherein the controller component is to select a set of time-frequency resources based on a coarse location of the UE, and to select a time-frequency resource from the set of time-frequency resources based on a fine location of the UE.

[00298] Example 31 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 18-30, and optionally, wherein the set of geo-based resources corresponding to the geographic area comprises a set of time-frequency resources, the transmit resources comprising at least one time-frequency resource of the set of time-frequency resources. [00299] Example 32 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 18-31, and optionally, wherein the D2N component is to receive from the eNB V2X resource allocation information to map the plurality of sets of geo-based resources to the plurality of geographic areas.

[00300] Example 33 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 18-32, and optionally, wherein the controller component is to select the transmit resources based on at least one of a location or a speed of another UE. [00301] Example 34 includes a method to be performed at a User Equipment (UE), the method comprising determining a set of geographically-based (geo-based) resources corresponding to a geographic area comprising a location of the UE, based on a geo-based Vehicle to everything (V2X) resource allocation scheme, which is to map a plurality of sets of geo-based resources to a plurality of geographic areas; selecting one or more transmit resources from the set of geo-based resources corresponding to the geographic area; and transmitting one or more V2X Proximity-based Services (ProSe) transmissions over the transmit resources.

[00302] Example 35 includes the subject matter of Example 34, and optionally, wherein the geo-based V2X resource allocation scheme is to map a same set of geo-based resources, which is mapped to a first geographical area, to a second geographical area, which is separated from the first geographical area by at least a spatial isolation range, the spatial isolation range is based on a V2X communication range.

[00303] Example 36 includes the subject matter of Example 35, and optionally, wherein the spatial isolation range is at least twice the V2X communication range.

[00304] Example 37 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 34-36, and optionally, wherein the geo-based V2X resource allocation scheme is to map a plurality of sets of time-multiplexed frequency resources to the plurality of geographical areas, the plurality of sets of time-multiplexed frequency resources comprising a set of frequency resources mapped to a plurality of different time resources.

[00305] Example 38 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 34-37, and optionally, wherein the geo-based V2X resource allocation scheme is to map a plurality of sets of time-frequency resources to the plurality of geographical areas and to a plurality of velocity- vectors. [00306] Example 39 includes the subject matter of Example 38, and optionally, wherein the geo-based V2X resource allocation scheme is to map at least four sets of time-frequency resources to at least two geographical areas and at least two velocity- vectors.

[00307] Example 40 includes the subject matter of Example 38 or 39, and optionally, wherein the geo-based V2X resource allocation scheme is to map a first set of time-frequency resources to a first geographical area and a first velocity vector, a second set of time- frequency resources to the first geographical area and a second velocity vector, a third set of time-frequency resources to a second geographical area and the first velocity vector, and a fourth set of time-frequency resources to the second geographical area and the second velocity vector.

[00308] Example 41 includes the subject matter of Example 40, and optionally, wherein the second velocity vector is opposite to the first velocity vector. [00309] Example 42 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 34-41, and optionally, wherein the plurality of sets geo-based resources comprise two or more sets of geo-based resources sharing a same set of time-frequency resources, the two or more sets of geo-based resources comprising two or more respective orthogonal sets of Time Resource Patterns (T-RPTs). [00310] Example 43 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 34-42, and optionally, wherein the plurality of sets of geo-based resources comprises at least one set of time resources assigned by a Road Side Unit (RSU).

[00311] Example 44 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 34-43, and optionally, wherein the geo-based V2X resource allocation scheme comprises a coarse mapping of a plurality of sets of time-frequency resources to a plurality of coarse-mapping geographical areas, and a fine mapping of a set of time-frequency resources of a coarse- mapping geographical area to a plurality of fine-mapping geographical areas within the coarse-mapping geographical area.

[00312] Example 45 includes the subject matter of Example 44, and optionally, wherein the geo-based V2X resource allocation scheme is to map a time resource to a fine-mapping geographical area based on a first axis coordinate corresponding to the fine-mapping geographical area, and to map a frequency resource to the fine-mapping geographical area based on a second axis coordinate corresponding to the fine-mapping geographical area.

[00313] Example 46 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 34-45, and optionally, comprising selecting a set of time-frequency resources based on a coarse location of the UE, and selecting a time-frequency resource from the set of time-frequency resources based on a fine location of the UE.

[00314] Example 47 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 34-46, and optionally, wherein the set of geo-based resources corresponding to the geographic area comprises a set of time-frequency resources, the transmit resources comprising at least one time-frequency resource of the set of time-frequency resources. [00315] Example 48 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 34-47, and optionally, comprising receiving from the eNB V2X resource allocation information to map the plurality of sets of geo-based resources to the plurality of geographic areas.

[00316] Example 49 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 34-48, and optionally, comprising selecting the transmit resources based on at least one of a location or a speed of another UE.

[00317] Example 50 includes a product comprising one or more tangible computer-readable non-transitory storage media comprising computer-executable instructions operable to, when executed by at least one computer processor, enable the at least one computer processor to implement operations at a User Equipment (UE), the operations comprising determining a set of geographically-based (geo-based) resources corresponding to a geographic area comprising a location of the UE, based on a geo-based Vehicle to everything (V2X) resource allocation scheme, which is to map a plurality of sets of geo-based resources to a plurality of geographic areas; selecting one or more transmit resources from the set of geo-based resources corresponding to the geographic area; and transmitting one or more V2X Proximity-based Services (ProSe) transmissions over the transmit resources.

[00318] Example 51 includes the subject matter of Example 50, and optionally, wherein the geo-based V2X resource allocation scheme is to map a same set of geo-based resources, which is mapped to a first geographical area, to a second geographical area, which is separated from the first geographical area by at least a spatial isolation range, the spatial isolation range is based on a V2X communication range.

[00319] Example 52 includes the subject matter of Example 51, and optionally, wherein the spatial isolation range is at least twice the V2X communication range.

[00320] Example 53 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 50-52, and optionally, wherein the geo-based V2X resource allocation scheme is to map a plurality of sets of time-multiplexed frequency resources to the plurality of geographical areas, the plurality of sets of time-multiplexed frequency resources comprising a set of frequency resources mapped to a plurality of different time resources.

[00321] Example 54 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 50-53, and optionally, wherein the geo-based V2X resource allocation scheme is to map a plurality of sets of time-frequency resources to the plurality of geographical areas and to a plurality of velocity- vectors. [00322] Example 55 includes the subject matter of Example 54, and optionally, wherein the geo-based V2X resource allocation scheme is to map at least four sets of time-frequency resources to at least two geographical areas and at least two velocity- vectors.

[00323] Example 56 includes the subject matter of Example 54 or 55, and optionally, wherein the geo-based V2X resource allocation scheme is to map a first set of time-frequency resources to a first geographical area and a first velocity vector, a second set of time- frequency resources to the first geographical area and a second velocity vector, a third set of time-frequency resources to a second geographical area and the first velocity vector, and a fourth set of time-frequency resources to the second geographical area and the second velocity vector.

[00324] Example 57 includes the subject matter of Example 56, and optionally, wherein the second velocity vector is opposite to the first velocity vector.

[00325] Example 58 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 50-57, and optionally, wherein the plurality of sets of geo-based resources comprise two or more sets of geo-based resources sharing a same set of time-frequency resources, the two or more sets of geo-based resources comprising two or more respective orthogonal sets of Time Resource Patterns (T-RPTs).

[00326] Example 59 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 50-58, and optionally, wherein the plurality of sets of geo-based resources comprises at least one set of time resources assigned by a Road Side Unit (RSU).

[00327] Example 60 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 50-59, and optionally, wherein the geo-based V2X resource allocation scheme comprises a coarse mapping of a plurality of sets of time-frequency resources to a plurality of coarse-mapping geographical areas, and a fine mapping of a set of time-frequency resources of a coarse- mapping geographical area to a plurality of fine-mapping geographical areas within the coarse-mapping geographical area.

[00328] Example 61 includes the subject matter of Example 60, and optionally, wherein the geo-based V2X resource allocation scheme is to map a time resource to a fine-mapping geographical area based on a first axis coordinate corresponding to the fine-mapping geographical area, and to map a frequency resource to the fine-mapping geographical area based on a second axis coordinate corresponding to the fine-mapping geographical area. [00329] Example 62 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 50-61, and optionally, wherein the operations comprise selecting a set of time-frequency resources based on a coarse location of the UE, and selecting a time-frequency resource from the set of time- frequency resources based on a fine location of the UE. [00330] Example 63 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 50-62, and optionally, wherein the set of geo-based resources corresponding to the geographic area comprises a set of time-frequency resources, the transmit resources comprising at least one time-frequency resource of the set of time-frequency resources.

[00331] Example 64 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 50-63, and optionally, wherein the operations comprise receiving from the eNB V2X resource allocation information to map the plurality of sets of geo-based resources to the plurality of geographic areas.

[00332] Example 65 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 50-64, and optionally, wherein the operations comprise selecting the transmit resources based on at least one of a location or a speed of another UE.

[00333] Example 66 includes an apparatus of a User Equipment (UE), the apparatus comprising means for determining a set of geographically-based (geo-based) resources corresponding to a geographic area comprising a location of the UE, based on a geo-based Vehicle to everything (V2X) resource allocation scheme, which is to map a plurality of sets of geo-based resources to a plurality of geographic areas; means for selecting one or more transmit resources from the set of geo-based resources corresponding to the geographic area; and means for transmitting one or more V2X Proximity-based Services (ProSe) transmissions over the transmit resources.

[00334] Example 67 includes the subject matter of Example 66, and optionally, wherein the geo-based V2X resource allocation scheme is to map a same set of geo-based resources, which is mapped to a first geographical area, to a second geographical area, which is separated from the first geographical area by at least a spatial isolation range, the spatial isolation range is based on a V2X communication range.

[00335] Example 68 includes the subject matter of Example 67, and optionally, wherein the spatial isolation range is at least twice the V2X communication range.

[00336] Example 69 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 66-68, and optionally, wherein the geo-based V2X resource allocation scheme is to map a plurality of sets of time-multiplexed frequency resources to the plurality of geographical areas, the plurality of sets of time-multiplexed frequency resources comprising a set of frequency resources mapped to a plurality of different time resources.

[00337] Example 70 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 66-69, and optionally, wherein the geo-based V2X resource allocation scheme is to map a plurality of sets of time-frequency resources to the plurality of geographical areas and to a plurality of velocity- vectors.

[00338] Example 71 includes the subject matter of Example 70, and optionally, wherein the geo-based V2X resource allocation scheme is to map at least four sets of time-frequency resources to at least two geographical areas and at least two velocity- vectors.

[00339] Example 72 includes the subject matter of Example 70 or 71, and optionally, wherein the geo-based V2X resource allocation scheme is to map a first set of time-frequency resources to a first geographical area and a first velocity vector, a second set of time- frequency resources to the first geographical area and a second velocity vector, a third set of time-frequency resources to a second geographical area and the first velocity vector, and a fourth set of time-frequency resources to the second geographical area and the second velocity vector.

[00340] Example 73 includes the subject matter of Example 72, and optionally, wherein the second velocity vector is opposite to the first velocity vector. [00341] Example 74 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 66-73, and optionally, wherein the plurality of sets of geo-based resources comprise two or more sets of geo-based resources sharing a same set of time-frequency resources, the two or more sets of geo-based resources comprising two or more respective orthogonal sets of Time Resource Patterns (T-RPTs). [00342] Example 75 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 66-74, and optionally, wherein the plurality of sets of geo-based resources comprises at least one set of time resources assigned by a Road Side Unit (RSU).

[00343] Example 76 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 66-75, and optionally, wherein the geo-based V2X resource allocation scheme comprises a coarse mapping of a plurality of sets of time-frequency resources to a plurality of coarse-mapping geographical areas, and a fine mapping of a set of time-frequency resources of a coarse- mapping geographical area to a plurality of fine-mapping geographical areas within the coarse-mapping geographical area.

[00344] Example 77 includes the subject matter of Example 76, and optionally, wherein the geo-based V2X resource allocation scheme is to map a time resource to a fine-mapping geographical area based on a first axis coordinate corresponding to the fine-mapping geographical area, and to map a frequency resource to the fine-mapping geographical area based on a second axis coordinate corresponding to the fine-mapping geographical area.

[00345] Example 78 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 66-77, and optionally, comprising means for selecting a set of time-frequency resources based on a coarse location of the UE, and selecting a time-frequency resource from the set of time- frequency resources based on a fine location of the UE.

[00346] Example 79 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 66-78, and optionally, wherein the set of geo-based resources corresponding to the geographic area comprises a set of time-frequency resources, the transmit resources comprising at least one time-frequency resource of the set of time-frequency resources.

[00347] Example 80 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 66-79, and optionally, comprising means for receiving from the eNB V2X resource allocation information to map the plurality of sets of geo-based resources to the plurality of geographic areas. [00348] Example 81 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 66-80, and optionally, comprising means for selecting the transmit resources based on at least one of a location or a speed of another UE.

[00349] Example 82 includes an apparatus of an evolved Node B (eNB), the apparatus comprising a controller component configured to determine a geo-based Vehicle to everything (V2X) resource allocation scheme, which is to map a plurality of sets of geo- based resources to a plurality of geographic areas, a set of geo-based resources corresponding to a geographic area comprising a plurality of time-frequency resources to transmit one or more V2X Proximity-based Services (ProSe) transmissions in the geographic area; and a Device to Network (D2N) component to transmit to a User Equipment (UE) V2X resource allocation information corresponding to the geo-based V2X resource allocation scheme.

[00350] Example 83 includes the subject matter of Example 82, and optionally, wherein the geo-based V2X resource allocation scheme is to map a same set of geo-based resources, which is mapped to a first geographical area, to a second geographical area, which is separated from the first geographical area by at least a spatial isolation range, the spatial isolation range is based on a V2X communication range.

[00351] Example 84 includes the subject matter of Example 83, and optionally, wherein the spatial isolation range is at least twice the V2X communication range.

[00352] Example 85 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 82-84, and optionally, wherein the geo-based V2X resource allocation scheme is to map a plurality of sets of time-multiplexed frequency resources to the plurality of geographical areas, the plurality of sets of time-multiplexed frequency resources comprising a set of frequency resources mapped to a plurality of different time resources.

[00353] Example 86 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 82-85, and optionally, wherein the geo-based V2X resource allocation scheme is to map a plurality of sets of time-frequency resources to the plurality of geographical areas and to a plurality of velocity- vectors. [00354] Example 87 includes the subject matter of Example 86, and optionally, wherein the geo-based V2X resource allocation scheme is to map at least four sets of time-frequency resources to at least two geographical areas and at least two velocity- vectors.

[00355] Example 88 includes the subject matter of Example 86 or 87, and optionally, wherein the geo-based V2X resource allocation scheme is to map a first set of time-frequency resources to a first geographical area and a first velocity vector, a second set of time- frequency resources to the first geographical area and a second velocity vector, a third set of time-frequency resources to a second geographical area and the first velocity vector, and a fourth set of time-frequency resources to the second geographical area and the second velocity vector. [00356] Example 89 includes the subject matter of Example 88, and optionally, wherein the second velocity vector is opposite to the first velocity vector.

[00357] Example 90 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 82-89, and optionally, wherein the plurality of sets of geo-based resources comprise two or more sets of geo-based resources sharing a same set of time-frequency resources, the two or more sets of geo-based resources comprising two or more respective orthogonal sets of Time Resource Patterns (T-RPTs). [00358] Example 91 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 82-90, and optionally, wherein the plurality of sets of geo-based resources comprises at least one set of time resources assigned by a Road Side Unit (RSU).

[00359] Example 92 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 82-91, and optionally, wherein the geo-based V2X resource allocation scheme comprises a coarse mapping of a plurality of sets of time-frequency resources to a plurality of coarse-mapping geographical areas, and a fine mapping of a set of time-frequency resources of a coarse- mapping geographical area to a plurality of fine-mapping geographical areas within the coarse-mapping geographical area. [00360] Example 93 includes the subject matter of Example 92, and optionally, wherein the geo-based V2X resource allocation scheme is to map a time resource to a fine-mapping geographical area based on a first axis coordinate corresponding to the fine-mapping geographical area, and to map a frequency resource to the fine-mapping geographical area based on a second axis coordinate corresponding to the fine-mapping geographical area. [00361] Example 94 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 82-93, and optionally, comprising one or more antennas, a memory, and a processor.

[00362] Example 95 includes a system of cellular communication comprising an evolved Node B (eNB), the eNB comprising one or more antennas; a memory; a processor; a controller component configured to determine a geo-based Vehicle to everything (V2X) resource allocation scheme, which is to map a plurality of sets of geo-based resources to a plurality of geographic areas, a set of geo-based resources corresponding to a geographic area comprising a plurality of time-frequency resources to transmit one or more V2X Proximity- based Services (ProSe) transmissions in the geographic area; and a Device to Network (D2N) component to transmit to a User Equipment (UE) V2X resource allocation information corresponding to the geo-based V2X resource allocation scheme.

[00363] Example 96 includes the subject matter of Example 95, and optionally, wherein the geo-based V2X resource allocation scheme is to map a same set of geo-based resources, which is mapped to a first geographical area, to a second geographical area, which is separated from the first geographical area by at least a spatial isolation range, the spatial isolation range is based on a V2X communication range.

[00364] Example 97 includes the subject matter of Example 96, and optionally, wherein the spatial isolation range is at least twice the V2X communication range. [00365] Example 98 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 95-97, and optionally, wherein the geo-based V2X resource allocation scheme is to map a plurality of sets of time-multiplexed frequency resources to the plurality of geographical areas, the plurality of sets of time-multiplexed frequency resources comprising a set of frequency resources mapped to a plurality of different time resources.

[00366] Example 99 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 95-98, and optionally, wherein the geo-based V2X resource allocation scheme is to map a plurality of sets of time-frequency resources to the plurality of geographical areas and to a plurality of velocity- vectors. [00367] Example 100 includes the subject matter of Example 99, and optionally, wherein the geo-based V2X resource allocation scheme is to map at least four sets of time-frequency resources to at least two geographical areas and at least two velocity- vectors.

[00368] Example 101 includes the subject matter of Example 99 or 100, and optionally, wherein the geo-based V2X resource allocation scheme is to map a first set of time-frequency resources to a first geographical area and a first velocity vector, a second set of time- frequency resources to the first geographical area and a second velocity vector, a third set of time-frequency resources to a second geographical area and the first velocity vector, and a fourth set of time-frequency resources to the second geographical area and the second velocity vector. [00369] Example 102 includes the subject matter of Example 101, and optionally, wherein the second velocity vector is opposite to the first velocity vector.

[00370] Example 103 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 95-102, and optionally, wherein the plurality of sets of geo-based resources comprise two or more sets of geo-based resources sharing a same set of time-frequency resources, the two or more sets of geo-based resources comprising two or more respective orthogonal sets of Time Resource Patterns (T-RPTs).

[00371] Example 104 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 95-103, and optionally, wherein the plurality of sets of geo-based resources comprises at least one set of time resources assigned by a Road Side Unit (RSU). [00372] Example 105 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 95-104, and optionally, wherein the geo-based V2X resource allocation scheme comprises a coarse mapping of a plurality of sets of time-frequency resources to a plurality of coarse-mapping geographical areas, and a fine mapping of a set of time-frequency resources of a coarse- mapping geographical area to a plurality of fine-mapping geographical areas within the coarse-mapping geographical area.

[00373] Example 106 includes the subject matter of Example 105, and optionally, wherein the geo-based V2X resource allocation scheme is to map a time resource to a fine-mapping geographical area based on a first axis coordinate corresponding to the fine-mapping geographical area, and to map a frequency resource to the fine-mapping geographical area based on a second axis coordinate corresponding to the fine-mapping geographical area.

[00374] Example 107 includes a method to be performed at an evolved Node B (eNB), the method comprising determining a geo-based Vehicle to everything (V2X) resource allocation scheme, which is to map a plurality of sets of geo-based resources to a plurality of geographic areas, a set of geo-based resources corresponding to a geographic area comprising a plurality of time-frequency resources to transmit one or more V2X Proximity-based Services (ProSe) transmissions in the geographic area; and transmitting to a User Equipment (UE) V2X resource allocation information corresponding to the geo-based V2X resource allocation scheme.

[00375] Example 108 includes the subject matter of Example 107, and optionally, wherein the geo-based V2X resource allocation scheme is to map a same set of geo-based resources, which is mapped to a first geographical area, to a second geographical area, which is separated from the first geographical area by at least a spatial isolation range, the spatial isolation range is based on a V2X communication range.

[00376] Example 109 includes the subject matter of Example 108, and optionally, wherein the spatial isolation range is at least twice the V2X communication range.

[00377] Example 110 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 107-109, and optionally, wherein the geo-based V2X resource allocation scheme is to map a plurality of sets of time-multiplexed frequency resources to the plurality of geographical areas, the plurality of sets of time-multiplexed frequency resources comprising a set of frequency resources mapped to a plurality of different time resources.

[00378] Example 111 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 107-110, and optionally, wherein the geo-based V2X resource allocation scheme is to map a plurality of sets of time-frequency resources to the plurality of geographical areas and to a plurality of velocity- vectors. [00379] Example 112 includes the subject matter of Example 111, and optionally, wherein the geo-based V2X resource allocation scheme is to map at least four sets of time-frequency resources to at least two geographical areas and at least two velocity- vectors.

[00380] Example 113 includes the subject matter of Example 111 or 112, and optionally, wherein the geo-based V2X resource allocation scheme is to map a first set of time-frequency resources to a first geographical area and a first velocity vector, a second set of time- frequency resources to the first geographical area and a second velocity vector, a third set of time-frequency resources to a second geographical area and the first velocity vector, and a fourth set of time-frequency resources to the second geographical area and the second velocity vector.

[00381] Example 114 includes the subject matter of Example 113, and optionally, wherein the second velocity vector is opposite to the first velocity vector.

[00382] Example 115 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 107-114, and optionally, wherein the plurality of sets of geo-based resources comprise two or more sets of geo-based resources sharing a same set of time-frequency resources, the two or more sets of geo-based resources comprising two or more respective orthogonal sets of Time Resource Patterns (T-RPTs).

[00383] Example 116 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 107-115, and optionally, wherein the plurality of sets of geo-based resources comprises at least one set of time resources assigned by a Road Side Unit (RSU).

[00384] Example 117 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 107-116, and optionally, wherein the geo-based V2X resource allocation scheme comprises a coarse mapping of a plurality of sets of time-frequency resources to a plurality of coarse-mapping geographical areas, and a fine mapping of a set of time-frequency resources of a coarse- mapping geographical area to a plurality of fine-mapping geographical areas within the coarse-mapping geographical area.

[00385] Example 118 includes the subject matter of Example 117, and optionally, wherein the geo-based V2X resource allocation scheme is to map a time resource to a fine-mapping geographical area based on a first axis coordinate corresponding to the fine-mapping geographical area, and to map a frequency resource to the fine-mapping geographical area based on a second axis coordinate corresponding to the fine-mapping geographical area. [00386] Example 119 includes a product comprising one or more tangible computer-readable non-transitory storage media comprising computer-executable instructions operable to, when executed by at least one computer processor, enable the at least one computer processor to implement operations at an evolved Node B (eNB), the operations comprising determining a geo-based Vehicle to everything (V2X) resource allocation scheme, which is to map a plurality of sets of geo-based resources to a plurality of geographic areas, a set of geo-based resources corresponding to a geographic area comprising a plurality of time-frequency resources to transmit one or more V2X Proximity-based Services (ProSe) transmissions in the geographic area; and transmitting to a User Equipment (UE) V2X resource allocation information corresponding to the geo-based V2X resource allocation scheme.

[00387] Example 120 includes the subject matter of Example 119, and optionally, wherein the geo-based V2X resource allocation scheme is to map a same set of geo-based resources, which is mapped to a first geographical area, to a second geographical area, which is separated from the first geographical area by at least a spatial isolation range, the spatial isolation range is based on a V2X communication range.

[00388] Example 121 includes the subject matter of Example 120, and optionally, wherein the spatial isolation range is at least twice the V2X communication range.

[00389] Example 122 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 119-121, and optionally, wherein the geo-based V2X resource allocation scheme is to map a plurality of sets of time-multiplexed frequency resources to the plurality of geographical areas, the plurality of sets of time-multiplexed frequency resources comprising a set of frequency resources mapped to a plurality of different time resources.

[00390] Example 123 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 119-122, and optionally, wherein the geo-based V2X resource allocation scheme is to map a plurality of sets of time-frequency resources to the plurality of geographical areas and to a plurality of velocity- vectors.

[00391] Example 124 includes the subject matter of Example 123, and optionally, wherein the geo-based V2X resource allocation scheme is to map at least four sets of time-frequency resources to at least two geographical areas and at least two velocity- vectors. [00392] Example 125 includes the subject matter of Example 123 or 124, and optionally, wherein the geo-based V2X resource allocation scheme is to map a first set of time-frequency resources to a first geographical area and a first velocity vector, a second set of time- frequency resources to the first geographical area and a second velocity vector, a third set of time-frequency resources to a second geographical area and the first velocity vector, and a fourth set of time-frequency resources to the second geographical area and the second velocity vector. [00393] Example 126 includes the subject matter of Example 125, and optionally, wherein the second velocity vector is opposite to the first velocity vector.

[00394] Example 127 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 119-126, and optionally, wherein the plurality of sets of geo-based resources comprise two or more sets of geo-based resources sharing a same set of time-frequency resources, the two or more sets of geo-based resources comprising two or more respective orthogonal sets of Time Resource Patterns (T-RPTs).

[00395] Example 128 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 119-127, and optionally, wherein the plurality of sets of geo-based resources comprises at least one set of time resources assigned by a Road Side Unit (RSU). [00396] Example 129 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 119-128, and optionally, wherein the geo-based V2X resource allocation scheme comprises a coarse mapping of a plurality of sets of time-frequency resources to a plurality of coarse-mapping geographical areas, and a fine mapping of a set of time-frequency resources of a coarse- mapping geographical area to a plurality of fine-mapping geographical areas within the coarse-mapping geographical area.

[00397] Example 130 includes the subject matter of Example 129, and optionally, wherein the geo-based V2X resource allocation scheme is to map a time resource to a fine-mapping geographical area based on a first axis coordinate corresponding to the fine-mapping geographical area, and to map a frequency resource to the fine-mapping geographical area based on a second axis coordinate corresponding to the fine-mapping geographical area.

[00398] Example 131 includes an apparatus of an evolved Node B (eNB), the apparatus comprising means for determining a geo-based Vehicle to everything (V2X) resource allocation scheme, which is to map a plurality of sets of geo-based resources to a plurality of geographic areas, a set of geo-based resources corresponding to a geographic area comprising a plurality of time-frequency resources to transmit one or more V2X Proximity-based Services (ProSe) transmissions in the geographic area; and means for transmitting to a User Equipment (UE) V2X resource allocation information corresponding to the geo-based V2X resource allocation scheme.

[00399] Example 132 includes the subject matter of Example 131, and optionally, wherein the geo-based V2X resource allocation scheme is to map a same set of geo-based resources, which is mapped to a first geographical area, to a second geographical area, which is separated from the first geographical area by at least a spatial isolation range, the spatial isolation range is based on a V2X communication range.

[00400] Example 133 includes the subject matter of Example 132, and optionally, wherein the spatial isolation range is at least twice the V2X communication range. [00401] Example 134 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 131-133, and optionally, wherein the geo-based V2X resource allocation scheme is to map a plurality of sets of time-multiplexed frequency resources to the plurality of geographical areas, the plurality of sets of time-multiplexed frequency resources comprising a set of frequency resources mapped to a plurality of different time resources. [00402] Example 135 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 131-134, and optionally, wherein the geo-based V2X resource allocation scheme is to map a plurality of sets of time-frequency resources to the plurality of geographical areas and to a plurality of velocity- vectors.

[00403] Example 136 includes the subject matter of Example 135, and optionally, wherein the geo-based V2X resource allocation scheme is to map at least four sets of time-frequency resources to at least two geographical areas and at least two velocity- vectors.

[00404] Example 137 includes the subject matter of Example 135 or 136, and optionally, wherein the geo-based V2X resource allocation scheme is to map a first set of time-frequency resources to a first geographical area and a first velocity vector, a second set of time- frequency resources to the first geographical area and a second velocity vector, a third set of time-frequency resources to a second geographical area and the first velocity vector, and a fourth set of time-frequency resources to the second geographical area and the second velocity vector.

[00405] Example 138 includes the subject matter of Example 137, and optionally, wherein the second velocity vector is opposite to the first velocity vector. [00406] Example 139 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 131-138, and optionally, wherein the plurality of sets of geo-based resources comprise two or more sets of geo-based resources sharing a same set of time-frequency resources, the two or more sets of geo-based resources comprising two or more respective orthogonal sets of Time Resource Patterns (T-RPTs).

[00407] Example 140 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 131-139, and optionally, wherein the plurality of sets of geo-based resources comprises at least one set of time resources assigned by a Road Side Unit (RSU).

[00408] Example 141 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 131-140, and optionally, wherein the geo-based V2X resource allocation scheme comprises a coarse mapping of a plurality of sets of time-frequency resources to a plurality of coarse-mapping geographical areas, and a fine mapping of a set of time-frequency resources of a coarse- mapping geographical area to a plurality of fine-mapping geographical areas within the coarse-mapping geographical area. [00409] Example 142 includes the subject matter of Example 141, and optionally, wherein the geo-based V2X resource allocation scheme is to map a time resource to a fine-mapping geographical area based on a first axis coordinate corresponding to the fine-mapping geographical area, and to map a frequency resource to the fine-mapping geographical area based on a second axis coordinate corresponding to the fine-mapping geographical area. [00410] Example 143 includes an apparatus comprising logic and circuitry configured to cause a User Equipment (UE) to determine a set of geographically-based (geo-based) resources corresponding to a geographic area comprising a location of the UE, based on a geo-based Vehicle to everything (V2X) resource allocation scheme, which is to map a plurality of sets of geo-based resources to a plurality of geographic areas; select one or more transmit resources from the set of geo-based resources corresponding to the geographic area; and transmit one or more V2X Proximity-based Services (ProSe) transmissions over the transmit resources.

[00411] Example 144 includes the subject matter of Example 143, and optionally, wherein the geo-based V2X resource allocation scheme is to map a same set of geo-based resources, which is mapped to a first geographical area, to a second geographical area, which is separated from the first geographical area by at least a spatial isolation range, wherein the spatial isolation range is based on a V2X communication range. [00412] Example 145 includes the subject matter of Example 144, and optionally, wherein the spatial isolation range is at least twice the V2X communication range.

[00413] Example 146 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 143-145, and optionally, wherein the geo-based V2X resource allocation scheme is to map a plurality of sets of time-multiplexed frequency resources to the plurality of geographical areas, the plurality of sets of time-multiplexed frequency resources comprising a set of frequency resources mapped to a plurality of different time resources.

[00414] Example 147 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 143-146, and optionally, wherein the geo-based V2X resource allocation scheme is to map a plurality of sets of time-frequency resources to the plurality of geographical areas and to a plurality of velocity- vectors.

[00415] Example 148 includes the subject matter of Example 147, and optionally, wherein the geo-based V2X resource allocation scheme is to map at least four sets of time-frequency resources to at least two geographical areas and at least two velocity- vectors. [00416] Example 149 includes the subject matter of Example 147 or 148, and optionally, wherein the geo-based V2X resource allocation scheme is to map a first set of time-frequency resources to a first geographical area and a first velocity vector, a second set of time- frequency resources to the first geographical area and a second velocity vector, a third set of time-frequency resources to a second geographical area and the first velocity vector, and a fourth set of time-frequency resources to the second geographical area and the second velocity vector.

[00417] Example 150 includes the subject matter of Example 149, and optionally, wherein the second velocity vector is opposite to the first velocity vector.

[00418] Example 151 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 143-150, and optionally, wherein the plurality of sets of geo-based resources comprise two or more sets of geo-based resources sharing a same set of time-frequency resources, the two or more sets of geo-based resources comprising two or more respective orthogonal sets of Time Resource Patterns (T-RPTs).

[00419] Example 152 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 143-151, and optionally, wherein the plurality of sets of geo-based resources comprises at least one set of time resources assigned by a Road Side Unit (RSU). [00420] Example 153 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 143-152, and optionally, wherein the geo-based V2X resource allocation scheme comprises a coarse mapping of a plurality of sets of time-frequency resources to a plurality of coarse-mapping geographical areas, and a fine mapping of a set of time-frequency resources of a coarse- mapping geographical area to a plurality of fine-mapping geographical areas within the coarse-mapping geographical area.

[00421] Example 154 includes the subject matter of Example 153, and optionally, wherein the geo-based V2X resource allocation scheme is to map a time resource to a fine-mapping geographical area based on a first axis coordinate corresponding to the fine-mapping geographical area, and to map a frequency resource to the fine-mapping geographical area based on a second axis coordinate corresponding to the fine-mapping geographical area.

[00422] Example 155 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 143-154, and optionally, wherein the apparatus is configured to cause the UE to select a set of time- frequency resources based on a coarse location of the UE, and to select a time-frequency resource from the set of time-frequency resources based on a fine location of the UE.

[00423] Example 156 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 143-155, and optionally, wherein the set of geo-based resources corresponding to the geographic area comprises a set of time-frequency resources, the transmit resources comprising at least one time-frequency resource of the set of time-frequency resources. [00424] Example 157 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 143-156, and optionally, wherein the apparatus is configured to cause the UE to receive from the eNB V2X resource allocation information to map the plurality of sets of geo-based resources to the plurality of geographic areas.

[00425] Example 158 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 143-157, and optionally, wherein the apparatus is configured to cause the UE to select the transmit resources based on at least one of a location or a speed of another UE.

[00426] Example 159 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 143-158, and optionally, comprising one or more antennas, a memory, and a processor.

[00427] Example 160 includes an apparatus comprising logic and circuitry configured to cause an evolved Node B (eNB) to determine a geo-based Vehicle to everything (V2X) resource allocation scheme, which is to map a plurality of sets of geo-based resources to a plurality of geographic areas, a set of geo-based resources corresponding to a geographic area comprising a plurality of time-frequency resources to transmit one or more V2X Proximity- based Services (ProSe) transmissions in the geographic area; and transmit to a User Equipment (UE) V2X resource allocation information corresponding to the geo-based V2X resource allocation scheme. [00428] Example 161 includes the subject matter of Example 160, and optionally, wherein the geo-based V2X resource allocation scheme is to map a same set of geo-based resources, which is mapped to a first geographical area, to a second geographical area, which is separated from the first geographical area by at least a spatial isolation range, wherein the spatial isolation range is based on a V2X communication range. [00429] Example 162 includes the subject matter of Example 161, and optionally, wherein the spatial isolation range is at least twice the V2X communication range.

[00430] Example 163 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 160-162, and optionally, wherein the geo-based V2X resource allocation scheme is to map a plurality of sets of time-multiplexed frequency resources to the plurality of geographical areas, the plurality of sets of time-multiplexed frequency resources comprising a set of frequency resources mapped to a plurality of different time resources.

[00431] Example 164 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 160-163, and optionally, wherein the geo-based V2X resource allocation scheme is to map a plurality of sets of time-frequency resources to the plurality of geographical areas and to a plurality of velocity- vectors.

[00432] Example 165 includes the subject matter of Example 164, and optionally, wherein the geo-based V2X resource allocation scheme is to map at least four sets of time-frequency resources to at least two geographical areas and at least two velocity- vectors.

[00433] Example 166 includes the subject matter of Example 164 or 165, and optionally, wherein the geo-based V2X resource allocation scheme is to map a first set of time-frequency resources to a first geographical area and a first velocity vector, a second set of time- frequency resources to the first geographical area and a second velocity vector, a third set of time-frequency resources to a second geographical area and the first velocity vector, and a fourth set of time-frequency resources to the second geographical area and the second velocity vector.

[00434] Example 167 includes the subject matter of Example 166, and optionally, wherein the second velocity vector is opposite to the first velocity vector. [00435] Example 168 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 160-167, and optionally, wherein the plurality of sets of geo-based resources comprise two or more sets of geo-based resources sharing a same set of time-frequency resources, the two or more sets of geo-based resources comprising two or more respective orthogonal sets of Time Resource Patterns (T-RPTs).

[00436] Example 169 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 160-168, and optionally, wherein the plurality of sets of geo-based resources comprises at least one set of time resources assigned by a Road Side Unit (RSU).

[00437] Example 170 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 160-169, and optionally, wherein the geo-based V2X resource allocation scheme comprises a coarse mapping of a plurality of sets of time-frequency resources to a plurality of coarse-mapping geographical areas, and a fine mapping of a set of time-frequency resources of a coarse- mapping geographical area to a plurality of fine-mapping geographical areas within the coarse-mapping geographical area. [00438] Example 171 includes the subject matter of Example 170, and optionally, wherein the geo-based V2X resource allocation scheme is to map a time resource to a fine-mapping geographical area based on a first axis coordinate corresponding to the fine-mapping geographical area, and to map a frequency resource to the fine-mapping geographical area based on a second axis coordinate corresponding to the fine-mapping geographical area. [00439] Example 172 includes the subject matter of any one of Examples 160-171, and optionally, comprising one or more antennas, a memory, and a processor.

[00440] Functions, operations, components and/or features described herein with reference to one or more embodiments, may be combined with, or may be utilized in combination with, one or more other functions, operations, components and/or features described herein with reference to one or more other embodiments, or vice versa.

[00441] While certain features have been illustrated and described herein, many modifications, substitutions, changes, and equivalents may occur to those skilled in the art. It is, therefore, to be understood that the appended claims are intended to cover all such modifications and changes as fall within the true spirit of the disclosure.